Lombard/Adverbs and adverbial locutions

__TOC__ Adverb and adverbial locution of manner Lombard adverb Translation into English ben (a) well; (b) OKThese are adjectives in English, but some lombard constructions in the type "andà" + adverb (the verb used is "andà", "to go") are transformed into English with "to be" + adjective; (c) good benon very well mal (a) bad; (b) badly mej (a) better pesg (a) worse inscì (a) so; (b) thus; (c) such Under the influence of Italian language, a class of adverbs of manner has established itself, formed from the root of the adjective followed by the ending -ament: giustament = rightly, justly In other cases, there are some periphrases: a la svelta = quickly However, there are also cases of adverbs typical only of Lombard: inevid: reluctantly, unwillingly adasi: slowly Adverb locutions are also widespread: a bellasi: slowly in genoggion: kneeling, on one's knees a tomborlon: tumbling down de balosset: cunningly de cativ: badly adasi adasi = very slowly Adverbs and adverbial locutions of place Adverbs of place Lombard adverbTranslation into EnglishExamplesDialetadree (1)(1) after (with approach motion); (2) in towadass (1)below(1) dedree (1) behind (state in place)(1) debass (1) down, downstairs(1) apress (1) aproeuv (2) close, near(1) (2) arent (1)closevesin (1) visin (2)closelontan (1)fardessoravia (1) above (with enfasis for being abel to stay above or for occpying even the space above), afloatdenanz (1)in frontimpari (1)(a) perfectly side by side and not a bit ahead or a bit behind(b) in comparison (one next to the other also in a figurative sense in order to make a comparison)inanz (1)forwardcontra (1)againstintorna (1)entoren (2)around(1) (2) indree (1)(a) back; (b) behind(in) depertut (1)dapartut (2)everywhere(1) (2) (in) depermì (in) depertì (in) depertì (in) deperlù/(in) deperlee (in) depernun (in) depervialter (in) depelor / (in) depeloralone (1st person singular) alone (2nd person singular) alone (3rd person singular masculine/feminine) alone (1st person plural) alone (2nd person plural) alone (3rd person plural masculine/feminine)lì (1)là (2)there, therelilinscì (1) there (in reference to the activity carried out or to be carried out there), in that placechì (1)scià (2)herechichinscì (1)here (in reference to the activity carried out or to be carried out here), in this placechì-lò (1)chì-loga (2)here (in reference to the activity carried out or to be carried out here), in this place(1-2) (archaic)tut-intorna (1)all around Interrogative adverbs of place Used for the construction of the interrogative sentences about the site/location/place. AdverbTranslation into EnglishExamplesDialectsindove (1a)if placed at the beginning of the sentenceindova (2a)indovè (1b-2b)if placed at the end of the sentenceWherede indove (1a)de indova (2a)de indovè (1b-2b) Where .... from Note Adverbial locutions of place Locuzione avverbialeTraduzione in italianoEsempiDialeta galla (1)afloata uss a uss (1)neighboursin English it is translated with this noun following the verb to bechì adree (1)nearbydepos a l'uss (1)close to home(in) de tute i part (1)everywhere(in) de qualsessia part (1)anywhere, in any placede dree (1)behind (state in place)de facia (1)opposite (state in place)de foeura (1)outsidede dent (1)insidede sora (1) (1) above; (2) upstairsde sota (1)below, underde bass (1)downstairsde là (1) beyond???in fond (1)(1) at the end; at the bottom, downindove (1) where (as a pronoun) to construct relative sentences in mez (1)in the middlein pari (1)(a) perfectly side by side and not a bit ahead or a bit behind(b) in comparison (one next to the other also in a figurative sense in order to make a comparison)a voltra (1)out, to the surface (becoming visible while it wasn't before)vegnì a voltrain groppa (1)on one's back(in) d'una quai part (1)somewherein tut i canton (1)everywherelì adree (1)in the neighborhood Note Interrogative adverbial locutions of place Used for the construction of interrogative sentences and dubitative sentences Locution English translation Examples Dialectin de che part (1)which way Adverbial particle "ghe" ►►► see ►►► Adverbial particles Adverbs and adverbial locutions of time Adverbs of time AdverbTranslationinto EnglishExamplesDialectCorrespondingconjuctive locutionTranslation into Englishancamò (1)anmò (2)amò (3)(a) again(b) still(c) yet -adess (1)(a) now(b) right now -dessadess (1)adsedess (2)delsadess (3)just nowdespess (1)often -doman tomorrowdopo (1)despeou (2)laterdopo cheafterfinalment (1)finally -finadess (1) (a) so far(b) up to now(c) until now -sgiamò (1)already(1) -incoeu (1)ancoeu (2)today(1) (2) instora (1)at this moment(1) (arcaico) -intratanta (1)meanwhile, in the meantime -intanta (1)meanwhileintanta chewhilejeryesterdaymai (1)(a) never(b) ever -meneman (1)maneman (2)gradually maneman cheas quickly as, hand in hand thatnananmò (1)gnamò (2)nancamò (3)nanmò (4)nonanmò (5)not...yet -oramai (1)ormai (2)by now(1) (2) -poeu (1)po (2)then(1) (2) -prima (1)beforeprima chebeforepù (1) pioeù (2)(a) not anymore(b) no longer(1) (2) -inanz (1)beforeinanz chebeforesemper (1)sempro (2)always(1) (2) semper cheassuming (that)sovenz (1)frequentlyoftensubit immediately, right away Adverbial locution of time Adverbial locutionTranslation into EnglishExamplesDialectCorrespondingconjuctive locutionTranslationinto Englisha 'st'ora (1)at this pointadree a la man (1)each time as they occura momenti (1)any minute, shortlyal dì d'incoeu (1)nowadaysa la fin (1)at the end, finally, in the end, eventually, ultimatelya la fin di fin (1)after all, ultimatelya la svelta (1)quicklybell bellin (1)little by littledi volte (1)sometimesde chì inanz (1)(a) from now on(b) from here on outde dì in dì (1)day by dayde lì adree (1)shortly thereafter, quickly thereafterde lì e lì (1)at any moment, at any timed'ora inanz (1)(a) from now on(b) from here on outdent per dent (1)from time to timede maneman (1)gradually, a little at a timede rar (1)rarely, seldomde spess (1)often, frequentlyde solit (1)usuallyde strasora (1)after hoursde tant in tant (1)from time to timede 'sti dì (1)these daysd'un moment con l'alter (1)at any moment, any minute nowfin'a l'ultim (1)fina in ultim (2)to the bitter end(1) (2) foeura d'ora (1)after hoursin d'un bof (1)in a breathin men de quell (1)in no timein (sui) ultim (1)at the endin sul moment (1)on the spot, at the timein seguit (1)(a) after; (b) afterwardper adess (1)for nowper intanta (1)for the momentper semper (1)foreverprima de tut (1)first of allper un poo de volte (1)for a few times, several timespoch a poch (1)little by little, gradually(una) quai volta (1)sometimesquand se sia (1)when it happenstra poch (1)shortlyvia via (1)progressively via via cheas Adverbial locutions of time Usage for interrogative sentences Adverb Translationinto English Examples DialectsQuandè che (1)When Adverbs e adverbial locution of quantity Adverbs of quantity Adverbs in lombardTranslation into EnglishExamplesDialectsapena (1)justaltertant (1)just as, equallyalmanch (1)almen (2)per el manch (3)at least(1) (2) (3) assee (1)quite, enoughassosenn (1)sossenn (2)very(1) (archaic)(2) circa (1)about, aroundcircumcirca (1)roughly, approximatelydomà (1)justfess (1)fiss (2)very(1) fina-mai (1)extremely(1) molto (1)verypressapoch (1)roughly, mor or lessquasi (1)squas (2)almostpussee (1)pioeù (2)most(1) (2) trop (1)toopiuttosto (1)pretty Locuzioni avverbiali di quantità Locuzione in lombardoTraduzionein italianoEsempiDialettopussee o men (1)more or lessdel poch al tant (1)slightly more or lesslì adree a (1)about, approximately Adverbs and adverbial locutions of addition Adverbs of addition These words, within the sentence, depending on how they are used, can also play the role of copulative conjunctions Adverbin Lombardtranslation into EnglishEzemplesDialectinoltra (1)also(1) dessorapù (1)in addiction(1) anca (1)also, moreover(1) Adverbial locution of addiction Adverbial locutionin Lombardtranslation into EnglishEzemplesDialectin pu (1)furthermore(1) per de pu (1)furthermore(1) de sora maross (1)in addiction, as an extra(1) in pagament (1)moreover, furthermore(1) Adverbs of evaluation Affirmative adverbs and adverbial locutions Affirmative adverbs Adverbin LombardTranslation into EnglishExamplesDialectsi when used in affirmative answers can replace a whole sentence(1)yesof when used in affirmative answers can replace a whole sentence(1)(a) Pheuw (b) Yeah sigura (1)definitively Adverbs of evaluation Adverbial locutionin LombardTranslation into EnglishExamplesDialectde sicur (1)definitively Other expressions: sigura de sì= yes of course Note Negating adverbs Adverbin LombardTranslation into EnglishExamplesDialectsnò(1a)nò when used in affirmative answers can replace a whole sentencespelling rule is still not unique, it can also be written without accent(1b) * (a) not(b) no(1a) Mi ghe credi nò(I don't believe it.)(1a) (1b) no (0) *not(0) Mi no credi pù a nagotI don't believe in anything anymore.(0) minga (1) menga (2) mia (3) mea (4) miga (5) migna (6) *not(1) Mi ghe credi minga(I don't believe it.)(1) (2) (3) countryside around Milan(4)(5)(6)nanca (1) nanch (2)gnanca (3) neanca (4)gnanch (5)(a) not even(b) not either(1-2-3-5)(4) Also nananmò - and its dialectal variants - (not yet) and mai (never) are negating adverbs. * the use of negative adverbs is explained here and here. Note Adverbs of doubt Adverbin LombardTranslationinto EnglishExamplesDialectsforsi (1)forse (1)maybe(1) (2) magara (1)maybe(1) probabilment (1)probably(1) facilment (1)probably(1) quasi (1)squas (2)(a) almost(b) nearly(1) (2) Interrogative adverbs ►see►►► Direct interrogative sentences Exclamatory adverbs Adverbin LombardTranslation into EnglishExamplesDialectse (1)howSe l'è bell!(How beautiful (it is)!)come (1)howCome l'è bell!(How beautiful (it is)!) Adverb and adverbial locutions for conclusions Adverb for conclusion Adverbin LombardTranslation into EnglishExamplesDialectdopo-tut (1)after all Adverbial locutions for conclusion Adverbin LombardTranslation into EnglishExamplesDialecta bon cunt (1)however, after all(1) a la fin de la fera (1)at the end of the day(1) a la fin fin (1)ultimately, in the end(1) in fin de l'ascia (1)in coo de l'ascia (2)at the end of the day(1-2) in fin di cunt (1)at the end of the day(1) in tute i manere (1)de tute i manere (2)anywayin ogni modo (1)anyway(1) comunque (1)however, anyway(1)