Flora of New York/Poaceae 4

Poales : Poaceae : Pooideae : Poeae Poaceae 3 Commelinales, Zingiberales, Ceratophyllales Tribe Poeae R.Br. (1814) worldwide contains 2776 species in 118 genera. Soreng et al. (1990) identified two plastid clades: Chloroplast Group 1 (Aveneae type) and Chloroplast Group 2 (Poeae type).R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Tribe Poeae, Chloroplast Group 1 (Aveneae type) Subtribe Torreyochloinae Subtribe Torreyochloinae Soreng (2003) contains Amphibromus, and Torreyochloa.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Torreyochloa Torreyochloa pallida var pauciflora BLM-1.jpg Torreyochloa pauciflora Torreyochloa (false mannagrass) has also been treated as a section of Puccinellia (alkali grass). Torreyochloa can be distinguished from similar wetland species of Glyceria and Puccinellia by Torreyochloa's open leaf sheaths, 3-veined upper glumes, and conspicuous veins on its lemmas.Haines, A., Farnsworth, E., Morrison, G., & New England Wildflower Society. (2011). New England Wildflower Society's flora Novae Angliae: A manual for the identification of native and naturalized higher vascular plants of New England. Framingham, Mass.: New England Wild Flower Society. p. 285. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Torreyochloinae Torreyochloa Torreyochloa False manna grass 626 2 Torreyochloa pallida (Torr.) G.L.Church fernaldii (Hitchc.) Dore 1906 Glyceria pallida fernaldii Hitchc. 1917 Glyceria fernaldii (Hitchc.) H.St.John 1949 T. fernaldii (Hitchc.) G.L.Church 1964 T. pallida fernaldii (Hitchc.) Dore 1966 Puccinellia fernaldii (Hitchc.) E.G.Voss Fernald's false mannagrass Glycérie de Fernald Native Secure 6 OBL Perennial Graminoid 2274 5 TOPAF NN 7980 Torreyochloa/pallida 530699 412808 25517784 25517784 nymap.svg Torreyochloa pallida var fernaldii (as Glyceria fernaldii) HC-1950.png Torreyochloa pallida (Torr.) G. L. Church pallida 1819 Windsoria pallida Torr. 1829 Uralepis pallida (Torr.) Kunth 1836 Glyceria pallida (Torr.) Trin. 1891 Panicularia pallida (Torr.) Kuntze 1949 T. pallida (Torr.) G.L.Church 1952 Puccinellia pallida (Torr.) R.T.Clausen Pale false mannagrass Pale mannagrass Glycérie pâle Native Secure 6 OBL 2275 5 TOPAP NN 412780 25517782 nymap.svg Torreyochloa pallida var pallida (as Glyceria pallida) HC-1950.png Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Torreyochloinae Subtribe Aveninae Subtribe Aveninae J. Presl (1830) contains Arrhenatherum, Avellinia, Avena, Gaudinia, Graphephorum, Helictotrichon, Koeleria, Lagurus, Leptophyllochloa, Peyritschia, Rostraria, Sphenopholis, Trisetaria, Tricholemma, and Trisetum.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Genera in bold text have been found in New York. Sphenopholis Sphenopholis pensylvanica iNat-71068500 (3x2).jpg Sphenopholis pensylvanica Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Aveninae Sphenopholis Sphenopholis Wedge scale 47 4 Frank Lamson-Scribner Scribn. Sphenopholis intermedia (Rydb.) Rydb. 1909 Sphenopholis intermedia Rydb Slender wedge grass Slender wedgescale Native Secure 6 2331 5 SPIN3 NN sphenopholis/intermedia 505324 nymap.svg Sphenopholis intermedia HC-1950.png Sphenopholis nitida (Biehler) Scribn. (1906) Shiny wedge grass Shiny wedgescale Native Secure 8 2213 5 SPNI NN sphenopholis/nitida 41281 nymap.svg Sphenopholis nitida (as Eatonia pennsylvanica) LS-1897.png Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn. (1906) Prairie wedgegrass Prairie wedgescale Native Endangered 2192 1 SPOB NN sphenopholis/obtusata 35246 nymap.svg Sphenopholis obtusata NRCS-1.jpg Sphenopholis pensylvanica (L.) Hitchc. 1753 Avena pennsylvanica L. 1817 Trisetum pensylvanicum (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult. 1823 Arrhenatherum pensylvanicum (L.) Torr. 1915 Sphenopholis pennsylvanica (L.) Hitchc. Swamp oats 2021 New York Flora Atlas Swamp wedgescale 2021 Go Botany (3.4), Native Plant Trust Native Endangered 2196 1 SPPE3 N0 sphenopholis/pensylvanica 41282 nymap.svg Sphenopholis pensylvanica iNat-71068475 (2x3).jpg Sphenopholis Wedge scale 47 X (excluded taxa) Sphenopholis × pallens Sphenopholis obtusata Sphenopholis pensylvanica Native Excluded X 239 EXCLUDED sphenopholis/obtusata nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Sphenopholis intermedia Sphenopholis intermedia × nitida Sphenopholis intermedia Sphenopholis nitida Native Excluded X 240 EXCLUDED sphenopholis/intermedia nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Trisetum Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Aveninae Trisetum Trisetum Oat grass 338 2 Trisetum spicatum (L.) K.Richt. Narrow false oats Spike trisetum Native Secure 2104 5 TRSP2 NN Trisetum spicatum (3938672427).jpg Trisetum flavescens (L.) P.Beauv. Ambroise Marie François Joseph Palisot de Beauvois (1752-1820). Essai d'une Nouvelle Agrostographie 88, 153. 1812. 1753 Avena flavescens 1805 Trisetum pratense Pers. 1812 Trisetum flavescens (L.) P.Beauv. 1816 Trisetaria flavescens (L.) Baumg. Yellow oatgrass Yellow oat grass Golden oat grass Avoine dorée Avoine jaunâtre Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Impersistent 2372 Xm TRFL5 XW 41304 40517 25510029 nymap.svg Trisetum flavescens CB003.jpg Graphephorum Graphephorum melicoides HC-1950.png Graphephorum melicoides Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Aveninae Graphephorum Graphephorum False oat 1091 1 Graphephorum melicoides (Michx.) Desv. 1803 Aira melicoides Michx. 1810 Graphephorum melicoides (Michx.) Desv. 1818 Poa melicoides (Michx.) Nutt. 1884 Trisetum melicoides (Michx.) Scribn. Melic oats 2021 New York Flora Atlas Purple false oats 2021 VASCAN ACC: Oldham & Brinker, 2009 False melic 2021 VASCAN SYN: FNA Ed. Comm., 2007 Trisèe fausse-mélique 2021 VASCAN ACC: McMurray & Lehela, 1999 Native Endangered 2112 1 TRME3 NN As Trisetum melicoides (Michx.) Vasey ex Scribn. 41306 Graphephorum melicoides BB-1913.png Koeleria Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Aveninae Koeleria Koeleria June grass 467 1 Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) Schult. 1753 Aira cristata L. 1812 Aira macrantha Ledeb. 1824 K. macrantha (Ledeb.) Schult. auct K. cristata Pers. an illegitimate, superfluous name auct K. pyramidata (Lam.) P. Beauv. Junegrass Prairie Junegrass Introduced N. America native 2370 X KOMA NN 503284 314896 nymap.svg Koeleria macrantha (3880455984).jpg Koeleria June grass 467 X (excluded taxa) Koeleria pyramidata (Lam.) P. Beauv. 1791 Poa pyramidata Lam. 1812 K. pyramidata (Lam.) P. Beauv. Misapplied to American Junegrass Introduced Eurasia Excluded X 222 EXCLUDED 403087 nymap.svg Koeleria pyramidata 010608a.jpg Arrhenatherum Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Aveninae Arrhenatherum Arrhenatherum Oat grass 336 1 Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) P.Beauv. ex J.Presl & C.Presl elatius Tall oatgrass Introduced Naturalized 2141 X ARELE XX arrhenatherum/elatius Arrhenatherum%20elatius nymap.svg 20150515Arrhenatherum elatius3.jpg Arrhenatherum Oat grass 336 X (excluded taxa) Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) P.Beauv. ex J.Presl & C.Presl bulbosum (Willd.) Schübl. & G.Martens 1799 Avena bulbosa Willd. 1825 Arrh. elatius bulbosum 1834 Arrh. elatius bulbosum Tall oatgrass Introduced No specimens 0 D ARELB X0 A. elatius var. bulbosum (Willd.) Spenner arrhenatherum/elatius 185329 A. elatius var. bulbosum (Willd.) Spenn. 404233 A. elatius ssp. bulbosum (Willd.) Schübl. & G.Martens nymap.svg Arrhenatherum elatius ssp elatius HC-1950.png Avena Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Aveninae Avena Avena Oat 339 2 Avena fatua L. Avena fatua L. Avena hybrida Wild oat Introduced Potentially invasive Unknown naturalization IPA 2153 X AVFA XX nymap.svg A.fatua-1.JPG Avena sativa L. Avena sativa L. Avena byzantina Avena fatua sativa Common oat Cultivated oat Introduced Not naturalized IPA 2142 X AVSA XW nymap.svg Avena sativa subsp. Nigra. (Zwarte haver) Locatie De Kruidhof 02.JPG Rostraria Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Aveninae Rostraria Rostraria Hair grass 543 1 Rostraria cristata (L.) Tzvelev Festuca cristata (L.) Tzvelev Koeleria gerardii Koeleria phleoides Mediterranean hairgrass Introduced Impersistent 6715 Xm Westchester only ROCR3 X0 nymap.svg Rostraria cristata plant3 (7405573374).jpg Subtribe Phalaridinae Subtribe Phalaridinae Fr. (1835) contains only the genus Phalaris.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Phalaris Phalaris arundinacea flowers, rietgras bloempjes (1).jpg Phalaris arundinacea Two canary grasses, Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass) and Phalaris canariensis (annual canary grass) are common in New York. The New York Flora Atlas (2021) lists Phalaris arundinacea as native to New York because native genotypes of the grass once occurred in the state. But the Atlas states that the native genotypes are either extirpated or very rare, referring to Jakubowski et al. (2012 & 2014)Jakubowski, Andrew & Jackson, Randall & Casler, Michael. (2014). The History of Reed Canarygrass in North America: Persistence of Natives among Invading Eurasian Populations. Crop Science. 54. 210. 10.2135/cropsci2013.05.0342. and Nelson et al. (2014).Nelson, M.F., Anderson, N.O., Casler, M.D. et al. Population genetic structure of N. American and European Phalaris arundinacea L. as inferred from inter-simple sequence repeat markers. Biol Invasions 16, 353–363 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-013-0525-9 Although the New York Flora Atlas only lists Phalaris arundinacea var. picta as a synonym of Phalaris arundinacea, the Catalogue of New World Grasses (2003) lists both P. arundinacea var. arundinacea and P. arundinacea var picta as valid taxa.R.J. Soreng, (2003). "Phalaris." In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488. Because the ornamental var. picta is readily identifiable by its striped leaves, it's doubtful that it has naturalized in New York without being reported. However, it is believed that hardy European races of var. arundinacea have been introduced at various times since early European settlement and have probably hybridized with American races. So, the Phalaris arundinacea species may be considered invasive in New York.Paul M. Catling, Gisèle Mitrow, and Liette Vasseur (2014) "Major Invasive Alien Plants of Canada. 8. Reed Canarygrass." The Canadian Botanical Association Bulletin Vol. 47 No.1. Mar. 2014. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Phalaridinae Phalaris Phalaris Canary grass 778 2 Phalaris arundinacea L. arundinacea 1753 Phalaris arundinacea L. 1969 Phalaroides arundinacea Rauschert Reed canary grass Reed canarygrass Alpiste roseau Introduced Highly invasive SNR, G5 CP-3CP3 Highly invasiveAlthough Phalaris arundinacea var. arundinacea is native to much of North America, its Eurasian ecotype has been widely planted and become a problem in North America. 78%Phalaris arundinacea Highly invasive 78 7226919 0 FACW Perennial Graminoid Sun 2411 5 Phalaris arundinacea L. - reed canary grass - Marshes, ditches, wet successional fields, wet hay fields, edges of ponds, stream banks, and openings in swamps. This species appears to do extremely well in areas with nutrient rich run off and often occurs in large dense populations. PHAR3 NN 7226919 24539 phalaris/arundinacea 798562 27512 25509859 25509859 Phalaris%20arundinacea Phalaris arundinacea var arundinacea nymap.svg Phalaris arundinacea 2005.06.19 11.31.26-p6190063.jpg Phalaris arundinacea L. picta L. 1753 P. arundinacea picta L. 1852 Phalaris picta (L.) Sloboda 1969 Phalaroides arundinacea japonica (Steud.) Tzvelev Ornamental canary grass Ribbon grass Gardener's gaiters Alpiste ruban Ruban de la vierge Introduced Potentially invasive FACW Perennial Graminoid Sun 0 0 0 0 24539 phalaris/arundinacea 538637 27512 25509860 25509860 Phalaris%20arundinacea nymap.svg Phalaris arundinacea 'Picta' 1.JPG Phalaris canariensis L. 1753 Phalaris canariensis L. 1794 Phalaris ovata Moench 1796 Phalaris avicularis Salisb. Annual canary grass Common canary grass Seed canary grass Birdseed grass Introduced Europe Canary Isands X FACU Annual Graminoid 2149 X PHCA5 XX 7819 phalaris/canariensis 41336 27517 25509861 25509861 Phalaris+canariensis Phalaris%20canariensis nymap.svg 30 counties Phalaris canariensis CampoCalatrava.jpg Subtribe Anthoxanthinae Subtribe Anthoxanthinae A. Gray (1856) contains only Anthoxanthum.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Anthoxanthum Anthoxanthum is known variously as sweetgrass, vernalgrass, vanillagrass, or holygrass. The merging of the genus Hierochloe into Anthoxanthum by Schouten and Veldkamp (1985) may be cause for confusion between the native Anthoxanthum nitens (formerly Hierochloe odorata) and the Eurasian Anthoxanthum odoratum. These are two distinct species, and A. nitens appears never to have been considered a sub-taxon of A. odoratum. Anthoxanthum subg. Hierochloe Atlas roslin pl Turówka wonna 5102 7153.jpg Anthoxanthum nitens The grasses of Anthoxanthum subg. Hierochloe are generally known as sweetgrass. Because A. hirtum and A. nitens were previously included together under Hierochloe odorata, the county-level distribution shown here for these two species is likely incorrect. The A. hirtum map is based on the BONAP map, while the A. nitens is based on the NYFA map as of 10-Nov-2016. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Anthoxanthinae Anthoxanthum Hierochloe Anthoxanthum Sweet grass 75 5 Hierochloe Anthoxanthum nitens (Weber) Y.Schouten & Veldkamp nitens 1753 Holcus odoratus L. 1787 Poa nitens Weber 1806 Ho. borealis Schrad. nom. illeg. 1812 Hierochloe odorata (L.) P.Beauv. 1817 Hi. borealis (Schrad.) Roem. & Schult. nom. illeg. superfl. 1898 Savastana nashii E.P.Bicknell 1914 Hi. nashii (E.P.Bicknell) Kaczmarek 1915 Torresia odorata (L.) Hitchc. 1921 T. nashii (E.P.Bicknell) House 1985 Anthoxanthum nitens (Weber) Y.Schouten & Veldkamp Vanilla sweet grass Vanilla sweetgrass Common sweetgrass Vanilla grass Holy grass Manna grass Seneca grass Hiérochloé odorante Hiérochloé odorant Avoine odorante Foin d'odeur Herbe sainte Houlque boréale Native Secure 8 FACW Perennial Graminoid 2332 5 Anthoxanthum nitens (Weber) Y. Schouten & Veldkamp ssp. nitens - vanilla sweet grass - This taxon and A. hirtum have been lumped together in the past as Hierochloe odorata. Many specimens listed as Hierochloe odorata especially from inland sites are likely A. hirtum. HIOD NN as Hierochloe odorata (L.) P. Beauv. 7411 anthoxanthum/nitens 452388 50219634 50219634 HIOD Anthoxanthum%20nitens Anthoxanthum nitens ssp nitens nymap.svg 475 Hierochloe odorata.jpg Anthoxanthum hirtum (Schrank) Y.Schouten & Veldkamp 1789 Savastana hirta Schrank 1830 Hierochloe arctica J.Presl 1900 H. hirta (Schrank) Borbas 1930 H. odorata annulata Petrov 1971 H. hirta arctica (J.Presl) G.Weim. 1973 H. odorata hirta (Schrank) Tzvelev 1976 H. odorata arctica (J.Presl) Tzvelev 1979 H. hirta annulata (Petrov) L.Vil'yasoo 1985 Anthoxanthum hirtum (Schrank) Y.Schouten & Veldkamp 1996 A. hirtum arcticum (J.Presl) G.C.TuckerWhen separated into subspecies, A. hirtum ssp. arcticum is the only North American native of the species. The New York Flora Atlas (2016) treats all A. hirtum subspecies as one variable taxon, baed on Allred and Barkworth (2007). Hairy sweetgrass Hairy sweet grass Northern sweetgrass Northern sweet grass Hiérochloé hérissée Native Unranked 2 Perennial Graminoid 2345 U Anthoxanthum hirtum (Schrank) Y. Schouten & Veldkamp - Native, Not yet ranked. Often been lumped with A. nitens under Hierochloe odorata. Many of the specimens especially from inland sites which were previously identified as H. odorata (a synonym of A. nitens) are likely A. hirtum. HIHIA N0 Hierochloe hirta ssp. arctica (J.Presl) G.Weim. 9877 Anthoxanthum/hirtum 508921 468319 25540788 25540788 HIHIA Anthoxanthum%20hirtum Anthoxanthum hirtum nymap.svg Anthoxanthum hirtum 3920004431.jpg Anthoxanthum monticola (Bigelow) Veldkamp monticola 1816 Holcus monticola Bigelow 1817 Dimesia monticola (Bigelow) Raf. 1954 Hierochloe orthantha T.J.Sørensen 1962 Hi. alpina orthantha (T.J.Sørensen) Hultén 1964 Hi. monticola (Bigelow) Á.Löve & D.Löve hom. illeg. 1971 Hi. alpina orthantha (T.J.Sørensen) G.Weim. 1985 A. monticola (Bigelow) Veldkamp 1996 A. monticola orthanthum (T.J.Sørensen) G.C.Tucker 2012 A. monticola monticola (Bigelow) Veldkamp Alpine sweetgrass Hiérochloé des montagnes Native Endangered 19750 Anthoxanthum monticola ssp. monticola Endangered S1 GNL 10 2107 1 ANMOM2 NN 7410 anthoxanthum/monticola 797299 465379 50219636 50219636 Anthoxanthum%20monticola Anthoxanthum monticola ssp monticola nymap.svg Hierochloe alpina (Sw. ex Willd.) Roem. & Schult. - HIAL3.jpg Anthoxanthum subg. Anthoxanthum 20160603Anthoxanthum odoratum1.jpg Anthoxanthum odoratum The Old-World Anthoxanthum species found in New York often go by the name vernal grass and appear to be more widespread in the state than the native sweetgrass. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Anthoxanthinae Anthoxanthum Anthoxanthum Anthoxanthum Vernal grass 75 5 Anthoxanthum Anthoxanthum odoratum L. 1753 Anthoxanthum odoratum L. 1823 A. villosum Dumort. 1873 A. odoratum villosum (Dumort.) Syme 1880 Xanthonanthos odoratum (L.) St.-Lag. Sweet vernal grass Sweet vernalgrass Large sweet grass Large sweet vernalgrass Scented vernal grass Flouve odorante Foin d'odeur Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Potentially invasive Naturalized Perennial Graminoid 2369 Xn ANOD XX 7413 Anthoxanthum/odoratum 3594 25506855 25506855 Anthoxanthum%20odoratum nymap.svg Starr 080813-9734 Anthoxanthum odoratum.jpg Anthoxanthum ovatum Lag. aristatum (Boiss.) Pérez Lara 1842 Anthoxanthum aristatum Boiss. 1848 A. puelii Lecoq & Lamotte 1854 A. odoratum puelii (Lecoq & Lamotte) Coss. & Durieu 1854 A. odoratum aristatum (Boiss.) Coss. & Durieu 1886 A. ovatum aristatum (Boiss.) Pérez Lara Vernal grass Annual vernalgrass Small sweet vernal grass Flouve aristée Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Not Naturalized Annual Graminoid 2391 Xm ANAR7 XX 7407 anthoxanthum/ovatum 3590 25506952 25506952 Anthoxanthum%20ovatum nymap.svg AnthoxanthumAristatum.jpg Subtribe Brizinae Subtribe Brizinae Tzvelev (1968) Airopsis and Briza.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Briza Briza maxima habit3 (11263268933) (2).jpg Briza maxima Quakinggrass (Briza). Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Brizinae Briza Briza Quakinggrass 242 2 Briza maxima L. Big quakinggrass Large quaking grass Introduced 2385 X BRMA XX nymap.svg Starr 050530-2059 Briza maxima.jpg Briza media L. Perennial quaking grass Introduced 2322 X BRME XW nymap.svg Briza media20100610 148.jpg Briza Quakinggrass 243 X (excluded taxa) Briza minor L. Little quakinggrass Introduced Excluded NYFA-Excluded BRMI2 XX nymap.svg Briza minor habit1 (6975160783) (2).jpg Subtribe Echinopogoninae Subtribe Echinopogoninae Soreng (2017) contains Ancistragrostis, Dichelachne, Echinopogon, Pentapogon, Relchela,Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Teisher, J.K., Clark, L.G., Barberá, P., Gillespie, L.J. and Zuloaga, F.O. (2017), A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications. Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 55: 259-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12262 and Greeneochloa.Peterson, Paul & Soreng, Robert & Romaschenko, K & Barberá, Patricia & Quintanar, Alejandro & Aedo, Carlos. (2019). New Combinations and New Names in American Cinnagrostis, Peyritschia, And Deschampsia, and Three New Genera: Greeneochloa, Laegaardia and Paramochloa (Poeae, Poaceae). Phytoneuron. 2019. 1-23. Greeneochloa Calamagrostis coarctata (as C. cinnoides) HC-1935.png Greeneochloa coarctata Greeneochloa P.M. Peterson, Soreng, Romasch. & Barberá (2019) was segregated from Calamagrostis based on phylogenetic and morphological differences. It contains type species Greeneochloa coarctata (syn. Calamagrostis coarctata Eaton), which is present in New York State. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Echinopogoninae Greeneochloa Greeneochloa Reedgrass 1267 1 Greeneochloa coarctata P.M. Peterson, Soreng, Romasch. & Barberá auct Calamagrostis cinnoides W.P.C.Barton nom. illeg. 1823 Arundo coarctata Torr. 1829 Calamagrostis coarctata (Torr.) Eaton 2019 Greeneochloa coarctata P.M. Peterson, Soreng, Romasch. & Barberá Small reedgrass Arctic reedgrass Nuttall's reedgrass Native Likely secure 8 OBL 2300 4? CACO71 NN calamagrostis/cinnoides 506859 8347 nymap.svg Calamagrostis coarctata (as C. cinnoides) LS-1899.png Subtribe Agrostidinae Subtribe Agrostidinae Fr. (1835) contains about 604 species in 16 genera: Agrostis, Ammophila, Ancistragrostis, Bromidium, Calamagrostis, Chaetopogon, Dichelachne, Echinopogon, Hypseochloa, Gastridium, Lachnagrostis, Limnodea, Pentapogon, Podagrostis, Polypogon, and Triplachne.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Agrostis Agrostis scabra - Flickr - aspidoscelis (2).jpg Agrostis scabra Bentgrass or simply bent (Agrostis) Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Agrostidinae Agrostis Agrostis Bentgrass 849 8 Agrostis scabra Willd. 1797 Agrostis scabra Willd. 1813 Trichodium scabrum (Willd.) Muhl. 1824 Agrostis geminata Trin. 1843 Agrostis scabra Willd. tenuis Tuck. 1843 Agrostis laxiflora Poir. scabra (Willd.) Torr. 1921 Agrostis peckii House 1942 Agrostis scabra Willd. geminata (Trin.) Swallen 1948 Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. scabra (Willd.) H.L. Blomq. 1952 Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. tenuis (Tuck.) Gleason Northern tickle grass 2021 New York Flora Atlas Rough bentgrass 2021 Native Plant Trus Agrostide scabre Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 35. Native Secure 3 FAC Perennial Graminoid 2301 5 AGSC5 NN agrostis/scabra 2052 25502982 Agrostis+scabra Agrostis%20scabra nymap.svg Agrostis scabra (cropped).jpg Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. 1788 Cornucopiae hyemalis Walter 1888 Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. 1888 Agrostis hiemalis orth. var. 1898 Agrostis canina L. hyemalis (Walter) Kuntze 1908 Agrostis antecedens E.P.Bicknell Southern tickle grass 2021 New York Flora Atlas Southern hair grass Winter bent grass Yatskievych, G. 1999-. Steyermark's Flora of Missouri, revised edition Hair grass Yatskievych, G. 1999-. Steyermark's Flora of Missouri, revised edition Tickle grass McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains. Agrostide d'hiver Favreau Native Likely secure 3 FAC Perennial Graminoid 2234 4-5 AGHY NN 7375 agrostis/hyemalis 316537 25502441 Agrostis+hyemalis Agrostis%20hyemalis nymap.svg Agrostis hyemalis.jpg Agrostis perennans (Walter) Tuck. A. altissima (Walter) Tuck. A. perennans (Walter) Tuck. Autumn bent Upland bent Upland bentgrass Native Secure 4 FACU Perennial Graminoid 2120 5 AGPE NN agrostis/perennans Agrostis+perennans Agrostis%20perennans nymap.svg Agrostis perennans (2x3).jpg Agrostis mertensii Trin. (1836) A. borealis Hartm. (1843) Northern bent Northern bentgrass Arctic bentgrass Agrostide de Mertens Native Threatened 9 FACU Perennial Graminoid S2, G5 2New York Natural Heritage Program (2021). Online Conservation Guide for Agrostis mertensii 2252 2 agrostis/mertensii Agrostis+mertensii Agrostis%20mertensii nymap.svg Essex Agrostis mertensii.jpg Agrostis canina L. 1753 A. canina L. A. canina varians Velvet bent Velvet bentgrass Agrostide des chiens Introduced N. America native UPL FACU Perennial Graminoid 2174 X AGCA4 NW agrostis/canina 40396 2015 Agrostis+canina Agrostis%20canina nymap.svg Agrostis.canina.jpg Agrostis capillaris L. Sp. Pl.: 62. (1753) 1753 Agrostis capillaris L. 1794 Agrostis tenuis Sibth. 1796 Agrostis vulgaris With. 1855 Agrostis alba L. vulgaris (With.) Coss. & Durieu Agrostis stricta Agrostis sylvatica Rhode Island bent Rhode Island bentgrass Colonial bent Colonial bentgrass Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Potentially invasive Naturalized 10111 2176 X AGCA5 XX 2706490 agrostis/capillaris 2017 Agrostis+capillaris Agrostis%20capillaris nymap.svg 20150630Agrostis capillaris3.jpg Agrostis stolonifera L. (1753) auct A. alba L. A. maritima Lam. A. palustris Huds. Creeping bent Creeping bentgrass Introduced Moderately invasive N. America native FACW Perennial Graminoid 2111 X5 Some plants may be native to NY AGST2 XX Listed as not native in US & Canada agrostis/stolonifera 25503111 Agrostis+stolonifera Agrostis%20stolonifera nymap.svg Agrostis stolonifera (7641726492).jpg Agrostis gigantea Roth Roth, Albrecht Wilhelm Tentamen Florae Germanicae 1: 31. 1788. 1788 Agrostis gigantea Roth 1796 Agrostis nigra With. 1825 Agrostis alba L. aristata Spenn. 1834 Agrostis stolonifera L. gigantea (Roth) Schübl. & G. Martens 1835 Agrostis stolonifera L. gigantea (Roth) Bréb. Redtop Red-top Black bentgrass Introduced Moderately invasive 68%Agrostis.gigantea M 68 all 2228 X AGGI2 XX agrostis/gigantea 25502394 Agrostis+gigantea Agrostis%20gigantea nymap.svg Agrostis gigantea.jpeg Agrostis Bentgrass 849 X (excluded taxa) Agrostis vinealis Schreb. 1771 Agrostis vinealis Schreb. Brown bentgrass Introduced Alaska Eurasia northern Africa Excluded X 185 EXCLUDED AGVI9 00 Excluded nymap.svg Agrostis vinealis inflorescens (1).jpg Agrostis mertensii × scabra Agrostis mertensii Agrostis scabra northern bent northern tickle-grass N. America native Excluded X 186 EXCLUDED Excluded nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Agrostis canina × capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis capillaris velvet bent Rhode Island bent Introduced Excluded X 187 EXCLUDED Excluded nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Agrostis gigantea × stolonifera Agrostis gigantea Agrostis stolonifera red-top creeping bent Introduced Excluded X 188 EXCLUDED Excluded nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Agrostis capillaris × gigantea Agrostis capillaris Agrostis gigantea Rhode Island bent red-top Introduced Excluded X 189 EXCLUDED Excluded nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Calamagrostis Canada bluejoint (Calamagrostis canadensis) Sand Lake Wetland Management District 01 (14199952829).jpg Calamagrostis canadensisCanada bluejoint grass Jeffery M. Saarela et al. (2017) showed that two species of Ammophila are nested within separate clades in Calamagrostis s.s., making both Ammophila and Calamagrostis polyphyletic. Merging Ammophila into Calamagrostis was the solution.Saarela JM, Bull RD, Paradis MJ, Ebata SN, Peterson PM, Soreng RJ, Paszko B (2017) Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1). PhytoKeys 87: 1-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774 Molecular and morphological studies have shown that native eastern North American beechgrass comprises a number of lineages with overlapping characteristics that may be best treated as a single species:Delisle-Oldham &al. (2008). "Taxonomic Recognition of Ammophila champlainensis and Morphological Variation in Northeastern North American Ammophila (Poaceae)." Rhodora 110(942): 29–156, 2008 Coastal populations (A. breviligulata): Northern Atlantic coast, Southern Atlantic coast, Interior populations (A. champlainensis): Lake Champlain & St. Lawrence River, and Great Lakes. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Agrostidinae Calamagrostis Calamagrostis Reedgrass 230 11 Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) P. Beauv. canadensis 1812 Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) P. Beauv. 1878 Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) P. Beauv. canadensis autonym 1878 Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) P. Beauv. robusta Vasey Canada bluejoint grass Bluejoint Blue-joint reedgrass Native Secure 7 2258 5 CACAC10 NN Calamagrostis/canadensis 25511723 nymap.svg Calamagrostis canadensis 2-jgreenlee (5097814544).jpg Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) P. Beauv. langsdorfii Bluejoint Native Endangered 2259 1? Essex county only, as C. canadensis var. scabra CACAL3 NN as Calamagrostis canadensis var. langsdorffii (Link) Inman 527006 Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) lists C. canadensis var. langsdorfii as a synonym of C. canadensis. NYFA: 1 county Calamagrostis canadensis var. langsdorffii (as C. canadensis scabra) HC-1950.png Calamagrostis breviligulata (Fernald) Saarela 1920 Ammophila breviligulata Fernald 1966 A. champlainensis F. Seym. 2006 A. breviligulata Fernald champlainensis (F. Seym.) P.J. Walker, C.A. Paris & Barrington ex Barkworth 2017 Calamagrostis breviligulata (Fernald) Saarela 2017 C. breviligulata (Fernald) Saarela champlainensis (F. Seym.) Saarela Beech grass 2021 New York Flora Atlas American beachgrass Native Secure 8 2128 5 Calamagrostis breviligulata (Fernald) Saarela - beach grass - Maritime dunes and also planted and naturalizing along the shores of Lake Ontario. AMBR NN 100492 100469622 nymap.svg Lakeview WMA NY - foredune flora and sign.jpg Calamagrostis pickeringii A.Gray Pickering's reedgrass Pickering's reed bent-grass Native Rare 2330 3 CAPI NN 40539 Calamagrostis pickeringii HC-1950.png Calamagrostis stricta (Timm) Koeler inexpansa Calamagrostis hyperborea Calamagrostis inexpansa Calamagrostis lacustris Northern reedgrass Native Threatened 6654 2 CASTI3 NN Atlas roslin pl Trzcinnik prosty 3353 8437 (2x3).jpg Calamagrostis stricta (Timm) Koeler stricta Calamagrostis neglecta Slim-stemmed small-reedgrass Native Endangered 19722 Calamagrostis stricta Endangered S1 Gx 2283 1 Atlas roslin pl Trzcinnik prosty 3349 8437 (2x3).jpg Calamagrostis porteri A.Gray porteri Porter's reedgrass Native Endangered 1xxxx porteri Endangered S1S2 G4T4 9 2320 1-2 CAPOP N0 523716 444383 Calamagrostis porteri BB-1913.png Calamagrostis perplexa Wood reed grass Native Endangered Endemic to NY 19725 Calamagrostis perplexa Endangered S1 G1 2328 1 CAPE10 N0 nymap.svg Calamagrostis perplexa BB-1913.png Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth 1753 Arundo epigejos L. 1788 Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth 1825 Agrostis epigeios (L.) Raspail 1852 Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth georgica (K. Koch) Griseb. uncertain application Feathertop 2021 New York Flora Atlas Chee reedgrass 2019 Flora of North America Bushgrass 2021 iNaturalist Calamagrostide épigéois 2019 Flora of North America Calamagrostide commune 2019 Flora of North America Introduced Eurasia Africa Highly invasive Naturalized X SNA, G5 2118 X CAEPE2 XX as ssp. epigeios Calamagrostis/epigejos 204260-Calamagrostis-epigejos 40536 nymap.svg NYFA: 10 countiesiNat: 2 counties 20141015Calamagrostis epigejos1.jpg Polypogon Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Agrostidinae Polypogon Polypogon Rabbitsfoot grass 240 2 Polypogon interruptus Kunth (1816) Ditch beard grass Ditch rabbitsfoot grass Ditch polypogon Introduced western N. America N. America native Impersistent Not naturalized 6703 Xm Westchester only, wool mill waif from Yonkers POIN7 N0 Western US native 41171 29317 nymap.svg Starr 050407-6312 Polypogon interruptus.jpg Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf. 1753 Alopecurus monspeliensis L. 1798 P. monspeliensis (L.) Desf. Annual rabbit's-foot grass Annual beard grass Rabbit's-foot polypogon Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Naturalization unknown 2181 X Chem,Onei,West only POMO5 XX 41171 29317 25509922 nymap.svg Polypogon monspeliensis (1).jpg Tribe Poeae, Chloroplast Group 2 (Poeae type) Subtribe Sesleriinae Subtribe Sesleriinae Parl. (1845) contains 37 species in 5 genera: Mibora, Echinaria, Oreochloa, Sesleria, and Sesleriella.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Mibora Mibora species previously listed have now been excluded from the New York Flora. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Sesleriinae Mibora Mibora Sand grass 198 X (excluded taxa) Mibora minima (L.) Desv. Mibora minima (L.) Desv. Early sandgrass Early sand grass Introduced Impersistent Waif Perennial Graminoid 790 EXCLUDED MIMI X0 Mibora/minima 41865 104930 Excluded nymap.svg Mibora minima inflorescence (01).jpg Subtribe Coleanthinae Subtribe Coleanthinae Rouy (1913) contains Catabrosa, Catabrosella, Coleanthus, Colpodium, Hyalopoa, Paracolpodium, Phippsia, Puccinellia, Sclerochloa, and Zingeria.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Puccinellia Salzschwaden Zwiesel.JPG Puccinellia distans The Puccinellia (alkali grass) species are similar in appearance to the wetland genera Glyceria and Torreyochloa, however, alkali grass is adaptable to saline areas.Haines, A., Farnsworth, E., Morrison, G., & New England Wildflower Society. (2011). New England Wildflower Society's flora Novae Angliae: A manual for the identification of native and naturalized higher vascular plants of New England. Framingham, Mass.: New England Wild Flower Society. p. 277. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Coleanthinae Puccinellia Puccinellia Alkali grass 906 4 Parl. Puccinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl. European alkaligrass Weeping alkaligrass Introduced 2231 X PUDI MX puccinellia/distans nymap.svg Puccinellia distans.jpeg Puccinellia fasciculata (Torr.) E.P. Bicknell Saltmarsh alkaligrass Salt marsh alkaligrass Salt marsh goosegrass Introduced OBL 2110 X PUFA N0 Puccinellia/fasciculata Puccinellia%20fasciculata nymap.svg Puccinellia fasciculata (as Glyceria borreri) Flora Batava v16.jpg Puccinellia rupestris (With.) Fernald & Weath. Stiff alkaligrass British alkaligrass Goosegrass Introduced Annual Graminoid 6699 PURU X nymap.svg Poa procumbens — Flora Batava — Volume v5.jpg Puccinellia Alkali grass 906 X (excluded taxa) Puccinellia nutkaensis (J. Presl) Fernald & Weath. Nootka alkaligrass N. America native Excluded X 235 Puccinellia nutkaensis (J. Presl) Fernald & Weath. - Excluded PUNU NN Canada, Alaska & West Coast 41191 nymap.svg Puccinellia nuttalliana (Schult.) Hitchc. Nuttall's alkaligrass N. America native Excluded X 236 Puccinellia nuttalliana (Schult.) Hitchc. - Excluded PUNU2 NN puccinellia/nuttalliana 41200 nymap.svg Puccinellianuttalliana.jpg Puccinellia alaskana Scribn. & Merr. P. alaskana Scribn. & Merr. P. langeana (Berlin) T.J. Sørensen alaskana (Scribn. & Merr.) T.J. Sørensen ex Hultén P. paupercula (Holm.) Fernald & Weath. alaskana (Scribn. & Merr.) Fernald & Weath. P. tenella (Lange) Holmb. alaskana (Scribn. & Merr.) Tzvelev Alaska goose grass Tundra alkaligrass N. America native Excluded FACW Perennial Graminoid X 237 Puccinellia alaskana Scribn. & Merr. - Excluded PUTE NN Puccinellia tenella (Lange) Holmb. ex A.E. Porsild - shows ssp. langeana in NY, but ssp alaskana in AK only 504680 412831 nymap.svg Die wissenschaftlichen Ergebnisse der Vega-Expedition (1883) (20764465610).jpg Puccinellia maritima Seaside alkaligrass Seaside speargrass Introduced Excluded X 792 Puccinellia maritima (Huds.) Parl. - Excluded PUMA MX Puccinellia/maritima nymap.svg Billeder af nordens flora (1917) (20184650489).jpg Sclerochloa Sclerochloa dura (3733566393).jpg Sclerochloa dura Hardgrass (Sclerochloa P. Beauv.) Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Coleanthinae Sclerochloa Sclerochloa Hardgrass 539 1 Sclerochloa dura (L.) P.Beauv. 1753 Cynosurus durus L. 1812 Sclerochloa dura (L.) P.Beauv. Fairground grass Common hardgrass Hard meadowgrass Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Wool mill waif GMWGrass Manual on the Web and USDA-NRCS seem to contradict about the North American nativity of Sclerochloa dura. 6698 Xm Westchester only SCDU2 XN US exotic, Canada native??? 7945 0 42081 33387 nymap.svg Sclerochloa dura sl75.jpg Subtribe Miliinae Subtribe Miliinae Dumort. (1829) contains about 5 species in 1 geneus: Milium.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Teisher, J.K., Clark, L.G., Barberá, P., Gillespie, L.J. and Zuloaga, F.O. (2017), A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications. Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 55: 259-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12262 Milium Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Miliinae Milium Milium Millet grass 380 1 Milium effusum L. cisatlanticum Fernald 1950 M. effusum cisatlanticum Fernald 2010 M. effusum cisatlanticum (Fernald) A. Haines American milletgrass Tall millet-grass Native Secure 8 FACU Perennial Graminoid 2262 5 Demonstrably secure in New York State MIEFC NN Milium.effusum.-.lindsey.jpg Milium Millet grass 380 X (excluded taxa) Milium effusum effusum L. 1753 Milium effusum L. 1783 Agrostis effusa (L.) Lam. 1794 Miliarium effusa (L.) Moench. 1796 Melica effusa (L.) Salisb. 1808 Decandolia effusa (L.) Bastard Millet grass Wood millet Introduced Excluded FACU Perennial Graminoid X 224 EXCLUDED MIEF 24291 25509760 nymap.svg Milium effusum.jpeg Subtribe Airinae Subtribe Airinae Caro (1982) contains about 41 species in 7 genera: Aira, Antinoria, Avenella, Corynephorus, Helictochloa, Molineriella, and Periballia.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Avenella 20170610Avenella flexuosa2.jpg Avenella flexuosa Hairgrass (Avenella Bluff ex Drejer) contains the native Avenella flexuosa (L.) Drej., which is occasionally still listed as Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. by some sources. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Airinae Avenella Avenella Hairgrass 1117 1 Avenella flexuosa (L.) Drejer 1753 Aira flexuosa L. 1811 Arundo flexuosa (L.) Clairv. 1823 Avena flexuosa (L.) Mert. & Koch nom. illeg. hom. 1836 Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. 1838 Avenella flexuosa (L.) Drejer 1852 Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. montana (L.) A. & D.Löve 1866 Lerchenfeldia flexuosa (L.) Schur Common hair grass Wavy hair grass Crinkled hair grass Native Secure 8 Perennial Graminoid 2380 5 Avenella flexuosa (L.) Drejer - Demonstrably secure in New York State - Dry to dry-mesic forests, woodlands, and open habitat including barrens with thin often rocky or gravelly acidic soils. DEFLF NN as Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. var. flexuosa 4149465 398171 391947-1 0000862584 27702 deschampsia/flexuosa 527665 404477 25532699 Deschampsia%20flexuosa nymap.svg 20170610Avenella flexuosa6.jpg Aira Aira caryophyllea kz05.jpg Aira caryophyllea Hairgrass Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Airinae Aira Aira Hairgrass 541 2 Aira praecox L. 1753 Aira praecox L. 1796 Agrostis praecox (L.) Salisb. 1824 Trisetum praecox (L.) Dumort. 1913 Aspris praecox (L.) Nash Early hairgrass Yellow hairgrass Spike hairgrass Early silver hairgrass Small hairgrass Introduced Naturalized 5289582 Annual Graminioid SNA, GNR 2140 X AIPR XX 5289582 7387 Vroege haver aar (Aira preacox spike) (1).jpg Aira caryophyllea L. caryophyllea 1753 Aira caryophyllea L. 1780 Avena caryophyllea (L.) Weber 1796 Agrostis caryophyllea (L.) Salisb. 1866 Fussia caryophyllea (L.) Schur 1913 Aspris caryophyllea (L.) Nash Silver hairgrass Silvery hairgrass Common silver hairgrass Canche caryophyllée Aira caryophyllé Introduced Eurasia, n. Africa Potentially invasive Naturalized 1215 12783 7747216 2143 X AICA XX 7747216 7386 aira/caryophyllea 798212 408143 25500522 Aira caryophyllea var caryophyllea nymap.svg Starr-130508-2077-Aira caryophyllea-seeding habit-Halemauu Trail HNP-Maui (24843091989).jpg Aira Hairgrass 541 X (excluded taxa) Aira caryophyllea L. capillaris (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Bluff & Fingerh. 1798 Aira capillaris Savi 1823 Avena capillaris Mert. & W.D.J.Koch 1836 Aira caryophyllea capillaris Bluff & Fingerh. 1853 Aira elegantissima Schur auct Aira elegans Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. Delicate hairgrass Annual silver hairgrass Introduced Eurasia, n. Africa No specimens GMW AIEL4 X0 as Aira elegans Willd. ex Kunth aira/caryophyllea 185288 Aira elegantissima Schur 317137 Aira elegantissima Schur 50302140 Excluded nymap.svg Aira elegans drawing.png Corynephorus Corynephorus canescens kz03.jpg Corynephorus canescens Clubawn grass Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Airinae Corynephorus Corynephorus Clubawn grass 738 1 Corynephorus canescens (L.) P.Beauv. 1753 Aira canescens L. 1780 Avena canescens (L.) Weber 1796 Agrostis canescens (L.) Salisb. 1812 Corynephorus canescens (L.) P.Beauv. 1821 Aira variegata St.Amans Gray clubawn grass Gray hairgrass Introduced Europe, Morocco Naturalized 5290194 Annual Graminoid SNA, GNR 2.133792/Corynephorus_canescens Exotic 2373 X COCA16 XN 5290194 405825 396681-1 Silbergras5.jpg Subtribe Aristaveninae Subtribe Aristaveninae F.Albers & Butzin (1977) contains only Deschampsia with about 51 species worldwide. Soreng et al. (2015) tentatively placed Deschampsia in subtribe Holcinae,R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 but Soreng et al. (2017) moved it to its own subtribe Aristaveninae.Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Teisher, J.K., Clark, L.G., Barberá, P., Gillespie, L.J. and Zuloaga, F.O. (2017), A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications. Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 55: 259-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12262 Deschampsia Deschampsia cespitosa - img 22986.jpg Deschampsia cespitosa Hairgrass (Deschampsia) Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Aristaveninae Deschampsia Deschampsia Hairgrass 542 3 P.Beauv. Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P.Beauv. cespitosa 1753 Aira cespitosa L. 1796 Agrostis caespitosa (L.) Salisb. 1812 D. caespitosa (L.) P.Beauv. 1846 D. cespitosa (L.) P.Beauv. glauca (Hartm.) Hartm. 1861 D. cespitosa (L.) P.Beauv. parviflora (Thuill.) Coss. & Germ. 1918 D. cespitosa (L.) P.Beauv. glauca (Hartm.) Lindm. 1940 D. anadyrensis V.N.Vassil. Tufted hairgrass Small-flowered ticklegrass Tussock grass Deschampsie cespiteuse Canche cespiteuse Canche gazonnante Native Likely secure 8 FACW Perennial Graminoid 2160 5 DECE NM 7531 deschampsia/cespitosa 502001 316647 25509490 Deschampsia+cespitosa Deschampsia%20caespitosa Deschampsia cespitosa NY-dist-map.png Deschampsia cespitosa 3226 - Flickr - andrey zharkikh.jpg Deschampsia danthonioides (Trin.) Munro 1830 Aira danthonioides Trin. 1830 D. calycina J. Presl 1857 D. danthonioides (Trin.) Munro Annual hairgrass Introduced N. America native Not naturalized FACW Annual Graminoid 6733 X Appears to be a short duration waif in New York. Tompkins county only. DEDA NN 40593 13560 25516160 Deschampsia danthonioides NRCS-1.png Subtribe Holcinae Subtribe Holcinae Dumort. (1868) contains about 11 species in 2 genera: Holcus and Vahlodea. Soreng et al. (2015) tentatively placed Deschampsia in subtribe Holcinae,R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 but Soreng et al. (2017) moved it to its own subtribe Aristaveninae.Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Teisher, J.K., Clark, L.G., Barberá, P., Gillespie, L.J. and Zuloaga, F.O. (2017), A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications. Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 55: 259-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12262 Vahlodea Poa fendleriana & Vahlodea atropurpurea (6083572362).jpg Poa fendleriana & Vahlodea atropurpurea Mountain hair grass (Vahlodea atropurpurea) is a circumboreal grass that is probably extirpated from New York State. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Holcinae Vahlodea Vahlodea Hair grass 544 1 Vahlodea atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Fr. ex Hartm. 1812 Aira atropurpurea Wahlenb. 1822 Avena atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Link 1826 Holcus atropurpureus (Wahlenb.) Wahlenb. 1843 Vahlodea atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Fr. ex Hartm. 1844 Deschampsia atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Scheele 1937 Vahlodea latifolia (Hook.) Hultén Mountain hair grass Mountain hairgrass Arctic hair grass Arctic hairgrass Deschampsie pourpre Native Likely extirpated Impersistent 10 FACW Graminoid 2337 Z Apparently extirpated from New York VAAT2 NN vahlodea/atropurpurea 412825 25511583 nymap.svg Vahlodea atropurpurea — Matt Lavin 001.jpg Holcus 20150509Holcus lanatus3.jpg Holcus lanatus Velvet grass or soft grass (Holcus) contains two non-native grasses found in New York State. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Airinae Holcus Holcus Velvetgrass 76 2 Holcus lanatus L. 1753 Holcus lanatus L. 1787 Aira holcus-lanata Vill. 1802 Avena lanata (L.) Koeler 1817 Holcus argenteus C. Agardh ex Roem. & Schult. 1912 Notholcus lanatus (L.) Nash ex Hitchc. 1916 Ginannia lanata (L.) F.T.Hubb. Common velvetgrass Fog grass Holoque laineuse Introduced Europe western Asia northern Africa FAC FACU Perennial Graminoid 6717 X State exotic or non-native HOLA XX Holcus/lanatus 41773 19209 25509697 25509697 Holcus lanatus NY-dist-map.png 20150514Holcus lanatus1.jpg Holcus mollis L. mollis 1759 Holcus mollis L. 1771 Aira mollis (L.) Schreb. 1787 Aira holcus-mollis Vill. 1802 Avena mollis (L.) Koeler nom. illeg. hom. 1901 Ginannia mollis (L.) Bubani 1915 Notholcus mollis (L.) Hitchc. Creeping velvet grass 2021 New York Flora Atlas; ARS-GRIN: Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database Creeping soft grass 2021 ARS-GRIN: Sell, P. & G. Murrell. 1996-. Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. Creeping fog 2021 ARS-GRIN: Foreman, D. B. & N. G. Walsh. 1993-. Flora of Victoria. Houlque molle Introduced Europe western Asia northern Africa FACU Perennial Graminoid 2178 X State exotic or non-native HOMO XX holcus/mollis 41774 19210 25511159 25511159 Holcus mollis NY-dist-map.png Holcus.mollis5.-.lindsey.jpg Subtribe Cynosurinae Subtribe Cynosurinae Fr. (1835) contains 10 species in the genus Cynosurus.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Teisher, J.K., Clark, L.G., Barberá, P., Gillespie, L.J. and Zuloaga, F.O. (2017), A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications. Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 55: 259-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12262 Cynosurus Crested Dog's-tail (Cynosurus cristatus) (9252415857).jpg Cynosurus cristatus Dogtail grass (Cynosurus) contains two non-native grasses occasionally found in New York. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Cynosurinae Cynosurus Dogstail grass 669 2 Cynosurus cristatus L. Crested dog's tail Crested dogtail grass Crêtelle à crêtes Introduced 2347 X State exotic or non-native CYCR XX Introduced US contiguous-48 and Canada 41624 12879 nymap.svg Cynosurus cristatus (kamgras aren).jpg Cynosurus echinatus L. Bristly dogtail grass Rough dog's tail Introduced Impersistent 2214 Xm Not Persisting, Not Native CYEC XX Introduced US contiguous-48 and British Columbia 41625 12881 Cynosurus echinatus flowerhead4 (7100863735).jpg Subtribe Dactylidinae Subtribe Dactylidinae Stapf (1898) contains 2 species in 2 genera: Dactylis and Lamarckia.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Dactylis 20160421Dactylis glomerata2.jpg Dactylis glomerata Orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata) is a very common naturalized grass from Eurasia. It is commonly planted for grazing or for hay, but it can become quite weedy and is listed as a restricted noxious weed in states immediately south of New York (PA, NJ, MD, DE, and VA). Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Dactylidinae Dactylis Dactylis Orchard grass 332 1 Dactylis glomerata L. 1753 Dactylis glomerata L. 1771 Bromus glomeratus (L.) Scop. 1785 Festuca glomerata (L.) All. 1817 Limnetis glomerata (L.) Eaton 1828 D. glomerata detonsa Fr. 1838 D. glomerata ciliata Peterm. 1906 D. glomerata lobata (Drejer) H.Lindb. 1911 D. glomerata aschersoniana (Graebn.) Thell. Orchard grass Orchardgrass Cock's foot Cock's foot grass Introduced Eurasia Potentially invasive Naturalized FACU Perennial Graminoid 2292 Xn Pastures, hayfields, successional fields, roadsides, disturbed areas, openings in forests, edges of woodland roads and paths, and elsewhere. This taxon has become very common and widespread and is often associated with open habitats or areas with at least some disturbances. DAGL XX Dactylis/glomerata 13114 25509480 Dactylis%20glomerata nymap.svg Starr 080301-3103 Dactylis glomerata.jpg Subtribe Loliinae Subtribe Loliinae Dumort. (1829) contains about 700 species in 9 genera: Castellia, Drymochloa, Festuca, Leucopoa, Lolium, Megalachne, Patzkea, Podophorus, and Pseudobromus.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Festuca Lipnice jesenická (1).JPG Festuca subverticillata Fescue (Festuca L. 1753) Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Loliinae Festuca Festuca Fescue 614 9 n Festuca subverticillata (Pers.) E. B. Alexeev 1805 Poa subverticillata Pers. 1807 Festuca obtusa Biehler 1980 Festuca subverticillata (Pers.) E.B. Alexeev Nodding fescue Native Secure 7 FACU Perennial Graminoid 2230 5 FESU3 NN festuca/subverticillata 456627 Festuca subverticillata NRCS-2.jpg Festuca saximontana saximontana Mountain fescue Sheep fescue Rocky Mountain fescue Native Endangered 19743 Festuca saximontana var. saximontana Endangered S1 G5T5 2122 1 FESAS NN not listed Festuca saximontana 104168416.jpg Festuca trachyphylla (Hack.) R.P. Murray 1882 F. ovina L. trachyphylla Hack 1895 Festuca trachyphylla (Hack.) R.P. Murray auct Festuca ovina L. duriuscula (L.) W.D.J.Koch auct Festuca longifolia Thuill. 1930 Festuca trachyphylla (Hack.) Krajina 1977 Festuca brevipila R.Tracey Fétuque dressée Fétuque à feuilles scabres Hard fescue Sheep Fescue Introduced Europe Naturalized UPL Perennial Graminoid 2151 X FEBR7 XX 7686 502613 16747 100478674 Festuca trachyphylla (2x3).jpg Festuca filiformis Pourr. Festuca capillata Lam. Festuca ovina tenuifolia (Sibth.) Celak. Festuca ovina capillata (Lam.) Mathieu Festuca tenuifolia Sibth. Hair fescue Fineleaf sheep fescue Fine-leaved sheep fescue Introduced Moderately invasive Perennial Graminoid 60%Festuca filiformis Moderate 60 ? 2119 X FEFI XX species/festuca/filiformis Festuca filiformis2.JPG Festuca heterophylla F. rubra var. heterophylla Various-leaved fescue Introduced 2121 X FEHE X0 Festuca heterophylla - Botanical Garden, University of Frankfurt - DSC02592.JPG Festuca rubra L. rubra Festuca prolifera (Piper) Fernald Red fescue Prolific fescue Introduced 2123 X FERUR2 NN nymap.svg Festuca rubra grass.JPG Festuca rubra L. commutata Gaudin 1786 Festuca nigrescens Lam. 1788 Festuca heteromalla Pourr. 1799 Festuca fallax Thuill. 1828 F. rubra commutata Gaudin 1881 F. rubra fallax (Thuill.) Hack. 1882 F. rubra fallax (Thuill.) Nyman Chewing's fescue Varioushair fescue Introduced 2266 X FERUF3 XX Festuca/rubra 103637 nymap.svg Festuca rubra Enfoque 2009-4-23 DehesaBoyalPuertollano.jpg Festuca Fescue 614 X (excluded taxa) Festuca brachyphylla Schult. & Schult.f. 1823 F. brevifolia R.Br. Muhl. 1827 F. brachyphylla Schult. & Schult.f. 1871 F. ovina brevifolia S.Watson 1906 F. ovina brachyphylla Piper Alpine fescue Rock fescue N. America native Excluded X 213 FEBR NN No NY reports festuca/brachyphylla 16636 nymap.svg Festuca brachyphylla bergsvingel IMG 6940 longyearbyen.JPG 120 Festuca ovina F. ovina var. hispidula Sheep fescue Introduced Synonym 6721 X FEOV X0 nymap.svg Sheep fescue.jpg Vulpia Vulpia octoflora (27592729175).jpg Vulpia octoflora Recent sources, including Soreng et al. (2015) and the New York Flora Atlas (2021) place Vulpia species within Festuca, while many other sources continue to treat them as separate species.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Loliinae Vulpia Vulpia Fescue 986 3 Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydb. tenella (Willd.) Fernald 1797 Festuca tenella Willd. 1812 Schedonorus tenellus (Willd.) P. Beauv. 1840 Vulpia tenella (Willd.) Heynh. 1862 Festuca gracilenta Buckley 1932 Festuca octoflora Walter tenella (Willd.) Fernald 1932 Festuca octoflora Walter glauca (Nutt.) Fernald 1945 Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydb. tenella (Willd.) Fernald 1945 Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydb. glauca (Nutt.) Fernald Northern six-weeks fescue 2021 New York Flora Atlas Eight-flowered six-weeks grass 2021 Native Plant Trust Slender 8-flowered fescue 2021 VASCAN: Anions Native Secure 2115 5 VUOCG NN 8008 vulpia/octoflora 41940 25517255 nymap.svg Vulpia octoflora (3990319536).jpg Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C.Gmel. Annual fescue Rat's-tail six-weeks grass Festuca megalura Festuca myuros 1805 Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C.Gmel. Vulpia megalura Introduced 2355 X VUMY XX 41939 nymap.svg Vulpia myuros (6244079888).jpg Vulpia Fescue X (excluded taxa) Vulpia bromoides (L.) Gray 1753 Festuca bromoides L. 1785 Bromus dertonensis 1821 Vulpia bromoides (L.) Gray 1901 Festuca dertonensis (All.) Asch. & Graebn. 1904 Vulpia dertonensis (All.) Gola 1905 Vulpia dertonensis (All.) Volkart 1956 Vulpia dertonensis (All.) Parodi Brome fescue Brome six-weeks grass Introduced Impersistent X 798 EXCLUDED VUBR XX 8003 vulpia/bromoides 42261 41932 nymap.svg Vulpia bromoides (as Festuca bromoides) FC-1906.png Lolium Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Loliinae Lolium Lolium Rye grass 205 4 Lolium multiflorum Lam. Italian ryegrass Ivraie multiflore Ray-grass d'Italie Introduced GMW 2361 X LOPEM2 XX as Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot Lolium/multiflorum 40892 22493 nymap.svg Lolium multiflorum sl12.jpg Lolium perenne L. Ivraie vivace Perennial ryegrass Ray-grass anglais Introduced GMW 2168 X LOPE XX Lolium/perenne 40893 22494 nymap.svg Lolium perenne spikelets1 (7185123631).jpg Lolium persicum Boiss. & Hohen. ex Boiss. (1854) Lolium dorei B. Boivin Ivraie de Perse Persian darnel Persian ryegrass Introduced Impersistent GMW 6714 Xm Albany & Chemung counties only LOPE2 XX Lolium/persicum 40895 22495 nymap.svg Lolium persicum.jpg Lolium temulentum L. temulentum Darnel Darnel ryegrass Ivraie enivrante Introduced GMW 2278 X LOTET XX Lolium/temulentum 40900 22502 nymap.svg Lolium temulentum 002.JPG Schedonorus Stem Rust - Puccinia graminis on Tall Fescue - Festuca arundinacea (44633776515).jpg Schedonorus arundinaceus Because the Festuca subgenus Schedonorus seems to be more similar to Lolium than to the rest of Festuca, some sources now treat it as its own genus while others now treat it as a subgenus of Lolium. Stephen J. Darbyshire 1993 Realignment of Festuca subg. Schedonorus with the genus Lolium (Poaceae) Novon Missouri Botanical Garden Press 3 3 239–243 3391460 • Stephen J. Darbyshire http://herbarium.usu.edu/webmanual/info2.asp?name=Schedonorus&type=treatment Schedonorus treatment Grass Manual on the Web (updated 2009) • Schedonorus P. Beauv. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=781282# 2010 27 February 2013 Current Standing: accepted • Schedonorus P. Beauv. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) USDA-ARS http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?17593 13 August 2009 27 February 2013 Probable synonym of: Festuca L. … placed by some in Lolium L. • Lolium giganteum (L.) Darbysh. Catalogue of New World Grasses Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/25558279?projectid=10 27 February 2013 Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Loliinae Schedonorus Schedonorus Fescue, ryegrass 1106 3 Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P.Beauv. auct Festuca elatior L. (1753) 1762 Festuca pratensis Huds. 1812 Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P.Beauv. 1993 Lolium pratense (Huds.) Darbysh. Tall rye grass Meadow rye grass Meadow fescue Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Potentially invasive X FACU Perennial Graminoid SNA, G5 2277 X SCPR4 XX 18824 schedonorus/pratensis 784877 417971 nymap.svg present in most counties Festuca pratensis.jpeg Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort 1753 Festuca elatior L. nom. rej. 1771 Poa phoenix Scop. 1771 Festuca arundinacea Schreb. 1789 Bromus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Roth 1857 Festuca elatior arundinacea Wimm. 1867 Festuca elatior arundinacea Čelak. 1824 Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort 1993 Lolium arundinaceum Darbysh. 1998 S. phoenix (Scop.) Holub Tall rye grass Alta fescue Tall fescue Coarse fescue Kentucky fescue Reed fescue Fétuque élevée Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Moderately invasive 65%Schedonorus arundinaceus Moderate 65 FACU 2170 X SCPH XX GMW schedonorus/arundinaceus 164708-Lolium-arundinaceum 784875 412634 nymap.svg present in at least 20 counties Festuca arundinacea, Rietzwenkgras pluim.jpg 120 Schedonorus giganteus (L.) Holub 1753 Bromus giganteus L. 1787 Festuca gigantea (L.) Vill. 1993 Lolium giganteum (L.) Darbysh. 1998 Schedonorus giganteus (L.) Holub Giant rye grass Giant fescue Introduced Unknown naturalization 2375 Xu SCGI XX 429052 GMW nymap.svg Bronx,Westchester (1882) Festuca gigantea2.JPG Subtribe Parapholiinae Subtribe Parapholiinae Caro (1982) contains about 26 species in 8 genera: Agropyropsis, Catapodium, Cutandia, Desmazeria, Hainardia, Parapholis, Sphenopus, and Vulpiella.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Catapodium Catapodium rigidum plant5 Denman - Flickr - Macleay Grass Man.jpg Catapodium rigidum Ferngrass (Catapodium rigidum) was collected from Monroe County but has not been reported to naturalize anywhere in the state. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Parapholiinae Catapodium Catapodium Fern grass 1119 1 Catapodium rigidum (L.) C.E. Hubb. rigidum 1846 Scleropoa rigida (L.) Griseb. 1952 Desmazeria rigida (L.) Tutin 1953 Catapodium rigidum (L.) C.E. Hubb. Ferngrass Introduced Impersistent 6743 Xm Impersistent, State exotic or non-native, Monroe County only CARI2 X0 Introduced contiguous US, not in Canada 9597 Catapodium rigidum flowerhead3 Denman - Flickr - Macleay Grass Man.jpg Subtribe Alopecurinae Subtribe Alopecurinae worldwide contains 3 genera with 47 species. According to Soreng et. al. (2015) the genera of Alopecurinae were included in subtribe Poinae.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 But Soreng et. al. (2017) retained the separation, placing Alopecurinae in supersubtribe Poodinae within tribe Poeae.Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Teisher, J.K., Clark, L.G., Barberá, P., Gillespie, L.J. and Zuloaga, F.O. (2017), A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications. Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 55: 259-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12262 Alopecurus Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Alopecurinae Alopecurus Alopecurus Foxtail 593 5 n Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. aequalis 1799 Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. 1803 Alopecurus aristulatus Michx. 1823 Alopecurus geniculatus aristulatus (Michx.) Torr. 1925 Alopecurus aequalis aequalis Sobol. 1925 Alopecurus aequalis aequalis Sobol. 1925 Alopecurus aequalis natans (Wahlenb.) Fernald Shortawn foxtail Short-awn foxtail Short-awned foxtail Short foxtail Little meadow foxtail Water foxtail Vulpin à courtes arêtes Native Secure OBL Perennial Graminoid 2166 5 Marshes, swamps, and occasionally wet roadsides. Somewhat local with populations often small. ALAEA NN 7388 alopecurus/aequalis 182514 nymap.svg Alopecurus aequalis.jpeg Alopecurus carolinianus Walter Tufted foxtail Carolina foxtail Carolina meadow foxtail Introduced N. America native Weed Annual Graminoid 2158 X ALCA4 NN alopecurus/carolinianus 316544 nymap.svg Alopecurus carolinianus (7461953456).jpg Alopecurus geniculatus L. Meadow foxtail Water foxtail Floating foxtail Marsh foxtail Marsh meadow-foxtail Knee-joint foxtail Introduced Eurasia Weed FACW OBL Perennial Graminoid 2116 X ALGE2 XX Alopecurus/geniculatus nymap.svg Geknikte vossenstaart tongetje (Alopecurus geniculatus ligula).jpg Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. Slender meadow-foxtail Vulpin des champs Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Annual Graminoid 6753 X ALMY XX alopecurus/myosuroides nymap.svg A myosuroides Claviceps purpurea.JPG Alopecurus pratensis L. Meadow foxtail Field meadow-foxtail Vulpin des prés Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Perennial Graminoid 2109 X ALPR3 XX alopecurus/pratensis nymap.svg 20140419Alopecurus pratensis7.jpg Subtribe Beckmanniinae According to Soreng et. al. (2014) Beckmanniinae should be included in subtribe Poinae.R.J.Soreng, et. al. (2014) A World-Wide Phylogenic Classification of Poaecea (Gramineae): căo (草), capim, çayır, çimen, darbha, ghaas, ghas, gish, gramas, graminius, gräser, grasses, gyokh, he-ben-ke, hullu, kasa, kusa, nyasi, pastos, pillu, pullu, zlaki, etc. (rev. 5 Apr 2014) But Soreng et. al. (2017) retained the separation, placing Alopecurinae in supersubtribe Poodinae within tribe Poeae.Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Teisher, J.K., Clark, L.G., Barberá, P., Gillespie, L.J. and Zuloaga, F.O. (2017), A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications. Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 55: 259-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12262 Beckmannia Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Alopecurinae Beckmannia Beckmannia Sloughgrass 169 1 Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fernald American sloughgrass Introduced N. America native 41325 nymap.svg Beckmannia syzigachne (7450532622).jpg Subtribe Phleinae According to Soreng et. al. (2015) Phleinae should be included in subtribe Poinae.R.J.Soreng, et. al. (2014) A World-Wide Phylogenic Classification of Poaecea (Gramineae): căo (草), capim, çayır, çimen, darbha, ghaas, ghas, gish, gramas, graminius, gräser, grasses, gyokh, he-ben-ke, hullu, kasa, kusa, nyasi, pastos, pillu, pullu, zlaki, etc. (rev. 5 Apr 2014) But Soreng et. al. (2017) retained the separation, placing Alopecurinae in supersubtribe Poodinae within tribe Poeae.Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Teisher, J.K., Clark, L.G., Barberá, P., Gillespie, L.J. and Zuloaga, F.O. (2017), A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications. Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 55: 259-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12262 Phleum Timotheegras- Schiemonnikoog.JPG Phleum pratense The genus Phleum contains several grasses commonly called timothy. In New York State, it consists almost entirely of common timothy (Phleum pratense), which probably grows in every county and is listed as moderately invasive. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Phleinae Phleum Phleum Timothy 94 4 Phleum pratense L. pratense 1753 Phleum pratense L. 1778 P. pratense L. nodosum (L.) Huds. 1821 P. nodosum L. pratense (L.) St.-Amans 1824 P. pratense L. nodosum (L.) Dumort. 1854 P. intermedium Jord. 1859 P. parnassicum Boiss. nom. nud. Common timothy NYFA Meadow timothy Timothy USDA-NRCS Meadow cat's-tail ARS-GRIN: A.Huxley, ed. Dict Gard 1994 Fléole des près ARS-GRIN: D.Demilly, et al. L Noms French ed6 2008 Introduced Moderately invasive 64%Phleum pratense Moderate 64 FACU 2185 X Phleum pratense L. ssp. pratense - common Timothy - Pastures, successional fields, hayfields, roadsides, and disturbed sites. PHPR3 XX Phleum/pratense 28019 nymap.svg Phleum pratense subsp. pratense, timothee (2).jpg Phleum arenarium L. Sand timothy Introduced Impersistent 2130 Xm Manhattan only PHAR4 X0 nymap.svg 20140803Phleum arenarium2.jpg Phleum paniculatum Huds. (1762) Phleum asperum (Retz.) Jacq. British timothy Introduced Impersistent 6706 Xm Westchester only 28017 nymap.svg Phleum paniculatum 2 RF.jpg Subtribe Poinae Subtribe Poinae Dumort. (1829) contains the genera Agrostopoa, Alopecurus, Aniselytron, Apera, Arctagrostis, Arctophila, Beckmannia, Bellardiochloa, Brizochloa(?), Cinna, Cornucopiae, Cyathopus, Dupontia, Dupontiopsis, Gaudiniopsis, Hookerochloa, Limnas, Nephelochloa, Nicoraepoa, Parvotrisetum, Phleum, Pholiurus, Poa, Pseudophleum, Rhizocephalus, Saxipoa, Simplicia, Sylvipoa, Ventenata.R.J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson, F.O. Zuloaga, E.J. Judziewicz, T.S. Filgueiras, O. Morrone & K. Romaschenko (2015). "A World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae)." Jnl of Sytematics Evolution, 53: 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12150 Poa Poa is the largest genus of grasses and contains over 500 species throughout temperate and boreal regions in both hemispheres. North American Poa species are generally known as bluegrass. The system used here for subgeneric Poa organization is based on Gillespie and Soreng (2005).Lynn J. Gillespie and Robert J. Soreng (2005) "A Phylogenetic Analysis of the Bluegrass Genus Poa Based on cpDNA restriction site data." Systematic Botany Vol. 30, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 2005), pp. 84–105 Published by: American Society of Plant Taxonomists. The subgenera names use here are those proposed in Gillespie et al. (2007).Gillespie, Lynn J.; Archambault, Annie; and Soreng, Robert J. (2007) "Phylogeny of Poa (Poaceae) Based on trnT–trnF Sequence Data: Major Clades and Basal Relationships," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 23: Iss. 1, Article 33. Poa subg. Arctopoa Poa subg. Arctopoa Grisebach (1971) is here considered equivalent of the ArcSyl clade, made up of subg. Arctopa sections Arctopa and Aphydris, and previous subg. Poa sect. Sylvestris: ( Arctopoa + Sylvestres ). It is considered to be the basal clade of the genus Poa. Subgenus Arctopoa comprises five species in two sections found in seashore and interior wetland habitats of northern, cool temperate regions. Poa subg. Arctopoa sect. Sylvestres Manual of the grasses of the United States (Page 118) BHL42020757 (Poa alsodes).jpg Poa alsodes Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Poa Arctopoa Sylvestres Poa Bluegrass 829 20 Arctopoa Sylvestres Poa alsodes A.Gray 1856 Poa alsodes A.Gray Grove blue grass 2021 New York Flora Atlas Grove bluegrass Grove meadow grass 2021 iNaturalist Native Secure 3 FAC FACW Perennial Graminoid S5, G4-5 2106 5 2021: Rich mesic forests and edges of paths and dirt roads through mesic forests. Appears to have an affinity for lightly disturbed soils in rich mesic forested sites and in such situations it can form large populations. POAL3 NN Poa/alsodes 128714-Poa-alsodes 25512375 Poa alsodes iNat-75065037 (3x4).jpg Poa saltuensis Fernald & Wiegand languida (A.S. Hitchc.) A. Haines Poa debilis Torr. Poa saltuensis languida (Hitchc.) A.Haines Weak bluegrass Woodland bluegrass Oldpasture bluegrass Native Secure 2367 5 POSA NN 555528-Poa-saltuensis-languida 797440 nymap.svg Poa saltuensis oldpasture bluegrass Sevastopol Door County Wisconsin (cropped).jpg Poa saltuensis Fernald & Wiegand saltuensis Common weak bluegrass Drooping bluegrass Oldpasture bluegrass Native Secure 2145 5 POSA NN 167103-Poa-saltuensis nymap.svg Poa saltuensis - Manual of the grasses of the United States.jpg Poa sylvestris A.Gray 1848 Poa sylvestris A.Gray Woodland bluegrass Forest bluegrass Pâturin des forêts Native Endangered 2327 1 POSY NN 7909 poa/sylvestris 41162 29017 nymap.svg The book of grasses - an illustrated guide to the common grasses, and the most common of the rushes and sedges (1912) (14577001299).jpg Poa subg. Arctopoa sect. Arctopoa Poa arida (7516783866).jpg Poa arida Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Poa Arctopoa Arctopoa Poa Bluegrass 829 20 Arctopoa Arctopoa Poa arida Vasey 1893 Poa arida Vasey 1896 Poa pseudopratensis Scribn. & Rydb. 1899 Poa glaucifolia Scribn. & T.A. Williams Plains bluegrass Introduced great plains N. America native 2175 X POAR3 NN 28910 25511389 25511389 Poa%20arida nymap.svg Ontario (1981) Poa arida (7516786490) (cropped).jpg Poa subg. Ochlopoa Poa subg. Ochlopoa (Ascherson & Graebner) Hylander (1953) is here treated as equivalent to the BAPO clade, comprising previous subg. Poa sections: ( ( Bolbophorum + Alpinae ) ( Parodiochloa + Ochlopoa ) ). Poa subg. Ochlopoa sect. Micrantherae Poa.annua.2.jpg Poa annua Annual bluegrass (Poa annua) is the only annual species of Poa present outside of cultivation in New York State. It is listed in Randall 2012 as one of the most aggressive weeds invading areas in all continents from sea level up to 4000 ft. in elevation.Randall RP, 2012. A Global Compendium of Weeds. Perth, Australia: Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, 1124 pp. It is the only alien plant having a successfully established population in maritime Antarctica.Halina Galera, Agnieszka Rudak, Ewa A. Czyż, Katarzyna J. Chwedorzewska, Anna Znój, Maciej Wódkiewicz, "The role of the soil seed store in the survival of an invasive population of Poa annua at Point Thomas Oasis, King George Island, maritime Antarctica." Global Ecology and Conservation, Vol. 19, 2019, e00679, ISSN 2351-9894, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00679. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Poa Ochlopoa Micrantherae Poa Bluegrass 829 20 Ochlopoa Micrantherae Poa annua L. 1753 Poa annua L. 1814 Aira pumila Pursh 1830 Poa aestivalis J. Presl 1891 Poa annua L. reptans Hausskn. 2003 Ochlopoa annua (L.) H. Scholz Annual blue grass 2021 Native Plant Trust, Go Botany Annual bluegrass Annual meadow grass Annual meadowgrass 2021 CABI Invasive Species Compendium Speargrass Introduced Eurasia Widespread weed Naturalized Annual Graminoid 6705 X POAN XX Poa/annua 52808-Poa-annua 25509881 Poa%20annua 42485 nymap.svg Starr 080531-4788 Poa annua.jpg Bluegrass 829 X (excluded taxa) Poa chapmaniana Scribn. 1894 Poa chapmaniana Scribn. Chapman bluegrass Chapman's bluegrass Introduced southeast US N. America native Excluded Annual Graminoid X 848 EXCLUDED POCH2 XX Poa/chapmaniana 167083-Poa-chapmaniana 25512389 Poa%20chapmaniana Excluded nymap.svg excluded Poa chapmaniana BB-1913.png Poa subg. Ochlopoa sect. Arenariae 20190507Poa bulbosa4.jpg Poa bulbosa Bulbous bluegrass (Poa bulbosa) Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Poa Ochlopoa Arenariae Poa Bluegrass 829 20 Ochlopoa Arenariae Poa bulbosa L. vivipara (Koeler) Arcang. 1799 Poa crispa Thuill. 1802 Poa bulbosa L. vivipara Koeler 1882 Poa bulbosa L. vivipara (Koeler) Arcang. 1915 Paneion bulbosum (L.) Lunell viviparum (Koeler) Lunell 1955 Poa bulbosa L. vivipara (Koeler) Maire 1972 Poa bulbosa L. crispa (Thuill.) Tzvelev Bulbous blue grass Bulbous bluegrass Viviparous bulbous bluegrass 2021 VASCAN: Anions Bulbous meadow-grass Pâturin vivipare 2021 VASCAN: TelaBotanica Pâturin bulbeux vivipare 2021 VASCAN: Favreau Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Somewhat invasive 49%Poa bulbosa Low 49 MFLH Perennial Graminoid 2164 Xn POBU X0 7853 poa/bulbosa 28920 25511395 nymap.svg Albany, Bronx, Broome, Kings, Nassau, Queens, Saratoga, Suffolk, Tompkins, Westchester Poa bulbosa, vegetative apomixis.jpg Bluegrass 829 X (excluded taxa) Poa bulbosa bulbosa L. 1753 Poa bulbosa L. 1802 Poa bulbosa L. bulbosa 1882 Poa bulbosa L. bulbosa Bulbous bluegrass Introduced Excluded Perennial Graminoid X 231 EXCLUDED POBU X0 27876 poa/bulbosa 28920 25511393 Excluded nymap.svg excluded Poa bulbosa sl3.jpg Poa subg. Stenopoa Poa subg. Stenopoa (Dumortier) Soreng & L. J. Gillespie, Aliso (2006) is here considered to be equivalent to the SPOSTA clade, made up of members of sections: ( Secundae ( Pandemos ( Oreinos + Stenopoa + Tichopoa + Abbreviatae ) ) ). Poa subg. Stenopoa sect. Stenopoa Poa palustris (6134344793).jpg Poa palustris Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Poa Stenopoa Poa Bluegrass 829 20 Stenopa Stenopoa Poa palustris L. 1759 Poa palustris L. Fowl bluegrass Meadowgrass Native Secure 6704 5 POPA2 NN 28989 nymap.svg Poa palustris (21086219693).jpg Poa glauca glauca Glaucous bluegrass Native Endangered 2366 2 nymap.svg Poa glauca kz01.jpg Poa interior Rydb. Inland bluegrass Native No recent reports Endangered 2233 1 nymap.svg Poa interior (3817117045) (cropped).jpg Poa nemoralis L. 1753 Poa nemoralis L. 1753 Agrostis alba L. 1808 Poa glaucantha Schleich. ex Gaudin 1915 Agrestis alba (L.) Lunell 1915 Paneion nemorale (L.) Lunell Woodland bluegrass Woods bluegrass Wood bluegrass Introduced 2306 Xn PONE MM poa/nemoralis 28982 nymap.svg Poa.nemoralis.jpg Poa Bluegrass 829 X Stenopa (excluded taxa) Poa laxa laxa Haenke Mt. Washington bluegrass N. America native Excluded X 234 EXCLUDED POLA10 NN nymap.svg Poa laxa a2.jpg Poa glauca × laxa Haenke gaucous bluegrass Mt. Washington bluegrass Native Excluded X 232 EXCLUDED POLA10 NN nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Poa subg. Stenopoa sect. Oreinos Poa laxa a2.jpg Poa laxa Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Poa Stenopoa Oreinos Poa Bluegrass 829 20 Stenopa Oreinos Poa laxa Haenke fernaldiana (Nannf.) Hyl. 1935 Poa fernaldiana Nannf. 1953 Poa laxa fernaldiana Hyl. 1964 Poa flexuosa fernaldiana Á. Löve & D. Löve Fernald's bluegrass Native Endangered 1New York Natural Heritage Program (2021). Online Conservation Guide for Poa laxa ssp. fernaldiana. 2365 1 POLAF NN nymap.svg Essex (1890-1990) Poa laxa a1 (3x4).jpg Poa paludigena Slender marsh bluegrass Bog bluegrass Native Endangered 2285 1 nymap.svg Manual of the grasses of the United States (Page 123) BHL42020762 (Poa paludigena, no cap).jpg Poa subg. Stenopoa sect. Pandemos Gemeine Rispe in Knaulgras in Feistritz IMGP2898 2007mai14.jpg Poa trivialis Rough bluegrass (Poa trivialis) Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Poa Stenopoa Pandemos Poa Bluegrass 829 20 Stenopa Pandemos Poa trivialis L. trivialis 1753 Poa trivialis L. 1854 Poa attica Boiss. & Heldr. Rough bluegrass Rough-sheathed bluegrass Rough-stalk bluegrass Rough-stalk meadow grass Scribner bluegrass Scribner's bluegrass Introduced Europe Widespread weed Naturalized FACW Perennial Graminoid SNA, GNR 2396 X POTR2 XX poa/trivialis 448584 poa%20trivialis nymap.svg Poa trivialis (14235941946).jpg Poa subg. Stenopoa sect. Tichopoa Poa compressa (3883811525).jpg Poa compressa Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Poa Stenopoa Tichopoa Poa Bluegrass 829 20 Stenopa Tichopoa Poa compressa L. 1753 Poa compressa L. Flat-stemmed blue grass 2021 New York Flora Atlas - 2021 Native Plant Trust, Go Botany Canada blue grass 2021 New York Flora Atlas - ARS-GRIN: Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 24. Canada bluegrass 2021 USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team - ARS-GRIN: Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference Flattened meadow grass 2021 ARS-GRIN: Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference Wiry bluegrass Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Moderately invasive 69%Poa compressa Moderate 69 all CP-2CP2 X FAC Perennial Graminoid 2343 Xn Mesic forests, ledges and rock outcrops, edge of paths and dirt roads through forests, roadsides, and disturbed sites. Does particularly well in high pH sites. Sometimes it can occur in large relatively dense patches but the plants are thin and therefore this introduced species usually does not appear to be an aggressive invader. POCO XX poa/compressa 28934 25509885 nymap.svg Poa compressa.JPG Poa subg. Poa The Poa subgenus is here considered to be composed of the HAMBADD clade (supersect. Homalopoa) and the PoM clade (supersect. Poa). Poa subg. Poa sect. Homalopoa 20150611Poa pratensis1.jpg Poa pratensis Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Poa Poa Poa Bluegrass 829 20 Homalopoa Poa cuspidata Early bluegrass Poa brachyphylla Native Endangered 10 Perennial Graminoid S1, G5 2232 1 POCU4 N0 nymap.svg Monroe (2013),New York (1897),Richmond, Yates Bluegrass (4526402057).jpg Poa chaixii Vill. Chaiz bluegrass Broadleaf bluegrass Introduced 2297 X nymap.svg Broad-leaved Meadow-Grass Poa chaixii (6485843951).jpg Poa subg. Poa sect. Poa Poa pratensis - Flickr - aspidoscelis.jpg Poa pratensis Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) is listed as invasive in New York State Poa pratensis L. (Kentucky bluegrass). 2009 New York Invasiveness Rank: Moderate (67.78). North American sources treat Poa pratensis ssp. angustifolia as a subspecies,Poa pratensis in Robert J. Soreng, Flora of North America, Vol. 24 (Poaceae), p. 522. European sources appear to have reverted to treating these two taxa a distinct species.Poa angustifolia in Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Poa Poa Poa Bluegrass 829 20 Poa Poa pratensis L. pratensis 1753 Poa pratensis L. 1800 Poa pratensis L. pratensis 1828 Poa pratensis L. pratensis 1915 Paneion pratense (L.) Lunell 1938 Poa peckii Chase Common Kentucky bluegrass 2021 New York Flora Atlas Kentucky bluegrass 2021 ARS-GRIN: Erhardt, W. et al. 2000. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 16. Auflage Smooth meadow grass 2021 ARS-GRIN: Sell, P. & G. Murrell. 1996-. Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. Smooth meadow-grass 2021 iNaturalist Pâturin des prés 2021 VASCAN: Darbyshire et al., 2000 Wiesenrispengras 2021 ARS-GRIN: Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants Introduced Eurasia, n.Africa Moderately invasive FACU Perennial Graminoid 68%Poa pratensis Moderate 68 all SNA, G5 2293 X POPRP2 XX 6431175 417792-1 0000893396 7898 poa/pratensis 64155-Poa-pratensis-pratensis 408366 25511422 25511422 42489 nymap.svg 20150515Poa pratensis5.jpg Poa angustifolia L. 1753 Poa angustifolia L. 1800 Poa pratensis L. angustifolia Sm. 1828 Poa pratensis L. angustifolia (L) Lej. 1882 Poa pratensis L. angustifolia (L.) Arcang.** Narrow-leaved Kentucky blue grass 2021 New York Flora Atlas Narrow-leaf meadow grass 2021 ARS-GRIN: Sell, P. & G. Murrell. 1996-. Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. Note: lists as Poa pratensis subsp. angustifolia (L.) Dumort. (syn.) P. angustifolia L. Schmalblättriges Rispengras 2021 ARS-GRIN: Erhardt, W. et al. 2000. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 16. Auflage Smalgröe 2021 ARS-GRIN: Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info Introduced Europe temperate Asia Naturalized FACU Perennial Graminoid SNA 7229 X as Poa pratensis L. ssp. angustifolia (L) Lej. POAN6 4128839 320037-2 0000891510 7895 poa/pratensis 140060-Poa-angustifolia 408368 25543960 25543960 116402 nymap.svg Poa angustifolia1.JPG Cinna Sötgräs-3984 - Flickr - Ragnhild & Neil Crawford.jpg Cinna latifolia According to Soreng et. al. (2014)R.J.Soreng, et. al. (2014) A World-Wide Phylogenic Classification of Poaecea (Gramineae): căo (草), capim, çayır, çimen, darbha, ghaas, ghas, gish, gramas, graminius, gräser, grasses, gyokh, he-ben-ke, hullu, kasa, kusa, nyasi, pastos, pillu, pullu, zlaki, etc. (rev. 5 Apr 2014) Cinna should be included in Poinae. Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Cinna Cinna Wood reed 23 2 Cinna arundinacea L. 1753 Cinna arundinacea L. Stout woodreed 2021 New York Flora Atlas - Tropicos: Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Man. Grasses U.S. (ed. 2) 1–1051. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. Sweet woodreed 2021 USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team Sweet wood-reed 2021 Native Plant Trust, Go Botany Wood reedgrass Wood-reed 2021 Tropicos: Brako, L., A.Y. Rossman & D.F. Farr. 1995. Sci. Comm. Names 1–294. Native Secure 7 FACW Perennial Graminoid S5 6736 5 Demonstrably secure in New York State CIAR2 NN East & Midwest US & Candada cinna/arundinacea 25517606 40009105 Cinna arundinacea.jpg Cinna latifolia (Trevir. ex Göpp.) Griseb. 1830 Agrostis latifolia Trevir. ex Göpp. 1832 Muhlenbergia pendula Trin. 1841 Cinna pendula Trin. 1852 Cinna latifolia (Trevir. ex Göpp.) Griseb. 1856 Cinna arundinacea L. pendula (Trin.) A. Gray Drooping woodreed Drooping wood-reed 2021 Trropicos: Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Man. Grasses U.S. (ed. 2) 1–1051. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. Slender wood reedgrass Native Secure 7 FACW Perennial Graminoid S5, G5 2346 5 Demonstrably secure in New York State CILA2 NN Canada & US. Protected in MD, NJ, OH cinna/latifolia 25510870 nymap.svg Cinna latifolia (6081578216).jpg Apera Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Apera Apera Silky bent 173 2 Apera interrupta (L.) P.Beauv. Agrostis interrupta Apera interrupta P.Beauv. Dense silky bentgrass Interrupted windgrass Introduced Naturalized SNA, GNR 2390 X APIN XX nymap.svg Delaware, Lewis Apera interrupta (6261602457).jpg Apera spica-venti Silky bentgrass Loose silkybent Common windgrass Introduced Unk. naturalization SNA, GNR 2368 Xun APSP XX nymap.svg Bronx, New York, Rensselaer Apera spica-venti2.JPG Ventenata Poales Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae Ventenata Ventenata North Africa grass 1235 X Köhler (excluded taxa) Ventenata dubia (Leers) Coss. 1775 Avena dubia Leers 1802 Ventenata avenacea Koeler 1855 Ventenata dubia (Leers) Coss. 1855 Ventenata dubia (Leers) Durieu 1912 Heteranthus dubius (Leers) Thell. North Africa grass Introduced eastern Europe Excluded Annual Graminoid X 241 EXCLUDED VEDU XX ventenata/dubia 316857 25510041 nymap.svg Ventenata dubia (cropped).jpg