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1050
Reference material by Wikipedia contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
January 2025
1050
1050
upright=1.35|thumb|King Macbeth of Scotland (c. 1005–1057)
Year 1050 (ML) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
Hedeby in Jutland is sacked by King Harald Hardrada of Norway, during the course of a conflict with Sweyn II of Denmark.https://books.google.com/books?id=eDh5z2_K_S0C&q=1050+Hedeby+Harald+III&pg=PA22 History of Scandinavia: Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, and Iceland Derry T. K. University of Minnesota Press 2000 9780816637997 Minneapolis, MN and London 22 en 1979https://books.google.com/books?id=ZndmDwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Hedeby+Harald+III&pg=PA80 Viking Warriors Hubbard Ben Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC 2016 9781502624550 New York 80 en
King Anund Jacob dies after a 28-year reign. He is succeeded by his elder half-brother Emund the Old as king of Sweden.https://books.google.com/books?id=af-cAAAAQBAJ&q=1050+Edmund+the+Old+Sweden&pg=PA177 Denmark, Finland, and Sweden Britannica Educational Publishing 2014 9781615309955 The Britannica Guide to Countries of the European Union New York 177 enhttps://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/sweden/setimeln.htm Sweden Time Line Chronological Timetable of Events - Worldatlas.com www.worldatlas.com 2019-08-23
Macbeth, King of Scotland, makes a pilgrimage to Rome.https://books.google.com/books?id=8z2ZEOE-azoC&q=1050+Macbeth+Rome&pg=PA78 History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages Gregorovius Ferdinand Cambridge University Press 2010 9781108015035 Cambridge and New York 78 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=lkzbIDj6rvkC&q=1050+Macbeth+Rome&pg=PA114 The Scottish Invention of America, Democracy and Human Rights: A History of Liberty and Freedom from the Ancient Celts to the New Millennium Klieforth Alexander Leslie Munro Robert John University Press of America 2004 9780761827917 Dallas, Lanham, Boulder, New York and Oxford 114 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=1f3cAAAAQBAJ&q=1050+Macbeth+Rome&pg=PA64 The Norman Conquest: A New Introduction Huscroft Richard Routledge 2013 9781317866275 London and New York 64 en 2009
Africa
Aoudaghost, an important Berber trading center and rival of Koumbi Saleh, is captured by the Ghana Empire.https://books.google.com/books?id=clU65BAfOmUC&q=1050+Aoudaghost&pg=PT243 The Rough Guide to West Africa Rough Guides Rough Guides UK 2008 9781405380683 Fifth London, New York and New Delhi enMoniot Henri December 1970 Fouilles à Tegdaoust Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales en 25 6 1740–1741 10.1017/S0395264900159311 191878417 0395-2649Mauny R. A. 1954 The Question of Ghana Africa: Journal of the International African Institute 24 3 200–213 10.2307/1156424 0001-9720 1156424 143619637
By topic
Religion
King Edward the Confessor unites the English dioceses of Devon and Cornwall. He moves the see from Crediton to Exeter and gives the order to build a cathedral.Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (Third revised ed.). Cambridge University Press. 0-521-56350-X. Leofric becomes the first bishop of Exeter.https://books.google.com/books?id=FFgt22pS8igC&q=1050+Leofric&pg=PA48 Cathedrals, Communities and Conflict in the Anglo-Norman World Insley Charles Boydell Press 2011 9781843836209 Dalton Paul Woodbridge, England 48 en Remembering Communities Past: Exeter Cathedral in the Eleventh Century Insley Charles Wilkinson Louise J.https://books.google.com/books?id=vbj4Zsybl28C&q=1050+Leofric&pg=PA406 The Divine Office in the Latin Middle Ages: Methodology and Source Studies, Regional Developments, Hagiography Iversen Gunilla Oxford University Press 2000 9780195352382 Fassler Margot E. Oxford and New York 406 en Transforming a Viking into a Saint: The Divine Office of St. Olav Baltzer Rebecca A.https://books.google.com/books?id=89cMonshJKgC&q=1050+Leofric&pg=PA45 The Cult of the Virgin Mary in Anglo-Saxon England Clayton Mary Cambridge University Press 2003 9780521531153 Cambridge, New York, Port Chester, Melbourne and Sydney 45 en
The brewery of Weltenburg Abbey (modern Germany) is first mentioned, thus making it one of the oldest still operating breweries in the world (approximate date).https://books.google.com/books?id=oWQdjnVo2B0C&q=1050+Weltenburg+Abbey&pg=PA832 The Oxford Companion to Beer Evans Jeff Oxford University Press 2011 9780199912100 Oliver Garrett Oxford and New York 831 enhttps://www.theguardian.com/travel/2016/dec/14/dark-beer-bavaria-oldest-monastic-brewery-in-world-weltenburg-abbey-germany Dark beer and dumplings in Bavaria: a visit to the world's oldest monastic brewery Wells Mike December 14, 2016 The Guardian 2019-08-23 en-GB 0261-3077https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/europe/oktoberfest-munich-beer-festivals-andechs-weltenburg-germany-a7235096.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/europe/oktoberfest-munich-beer-festivals-andechs-weltenburg-germany-a7235096.html May 1, 2022 subscription live Move Over Oktoberfest: an Alternative Beer Pilgrimage in Bavaria Eames Andrew September 16, 2016 The Independent en August 23, 2019
Births
November 11 – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1106)https://books.google.com/books?id=mzwpq6bLHhMC&q=1050+Henry+IV+Holy+Roman&pg=RA1-PA256 The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology Schoenfeld Edward J. Oxford University Press 2010 9780195334036 Rogers Clifford J. I: Aachen, Siege of – Dyrrachium, Siege and Battle of (1081) Oxford and New York 256 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=QP8fNo5UNIYC&q=1050+Henry+IV+Emperor&pg=PA19 Henry IV of Germany 1056-1106 Robinson I. S. Cambridge University Press 2003 9780521545907 Cambridge, England and New York 19 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=BhyOAQAAQBAJ&q=1050+Henry+IV+Emperor&pg=PA319 Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia Blumenthal Uta-Renate Routledge 2013 9781136775192 Emmerson Richard K. New York and London 319 en
Amadeus II, count of Savoy (approximate date)https://books.google.com/books?id=fV49AAAAYAAJ&q=1050+Amadeus+II+Savoy&pg=PA1 An Introduction to the History of the Principal States of Europe Pufendorf Samuel Freiherr von de La Martinière Germain Pichault A. Wilde 1764 Sayer Joseph II London 1 en
Berthold II, duke of Swabia (approximate date)https://books.google.com/books?id=8KQJUsQwxVEC&q=1050+Berthold+II+Swabia&pg=PA391 Historical Dictionary of Switzerland Schelbert Leo Scarecrow Press 2007 9780810864474 Historical Dictionaries of Europe 53 Lanham, MD, Toronto, Plymouth, UK 391 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=tTxPDgAAQBAJ&q=1050+Berthold+II+Swabia&pg=PA624 König Knoblauch: Ein Leben im elften Jahrhundert Baumhögger Goswin G. T. BoD – Books on Demand 2017 9783738654264 Norderstedt, Germany 624 de
Bertrand of Comminges, French bishop (d. 1126)https://books.google.com/books?id=ZrTgI_m-TnUC&q=1050+Bertrand+of+Comminges&pg=PA133 Walking to the Saints: A Little Pilgrimage in France McPherson Anne Paulist Press 2001 9780809140183 New York and Mahwah, NJ 133 en Chapter 8: Saint-Bernard-de-Comminges https://archive.org/details/walkingtosaints00anne/page/133https://dante.univ-tlse2.fr/2487/ Les parties romanes de l'ancienne cathédrale Sainte-Marie de Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges (Haute-Garonne) Pilloix Oriane July 1, 2016 dante.univ-tlse2.fr fr 2019-08-27Deuffic Jean-Luc September 13, 2012 Des Heures ... et des armes. Bertrand de Tourzel et Isabelle de Lévis : un couple mécène Pecia fr 14 295–330 10.1484/J.PECIA.1.102649
Frederick I, duke of Swabia (approximate date)https://books.google.com/books?id=XLqEWwa7fT8C&q=1050+Frederick+I+Swabia&pg=PA47 Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who Came to America Before 1700: The Lineage of Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Some of Their Descendants Weis Frederick Lewis 1992 Genealogical Publishing Com 9780806313672 7th Baltimore, MD 47 en 1950
Leopold II ("the Fair"), margrave of Austria (d. 1095)Old Folks https://mathcs.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/oldfolks/rr02/rr02_204.html 2021-02-26 mathcs.clarku.edu
Lhachen Gyalpo, king of Ladakh (approximate date)https://books.google.com/books?id=5z2IDwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Lhachen+Gyalpo&pg=PA24 Ladakh plus: Reise- und Kulturführer über Ladakh und die angrenzenden Himalaja-Regionen Changthang, Nubra, Purig, Zanskar sowie Kullu (Manali), Lahaul und Spiti mit Stadtführer Delhi Kraxel Sepp BoD – Books on Demand 2019 9783748178590 Norderstedt 24 dehttps://www.journeysinternational.com/destination/asia/india/likir-monastery/ Likir Monastery Adventure Tours Journeys International en-US 2019-08-27
Liutold of Eppenstein, German nobleman (approximate date)August 2019
Li Tang, Chinese landscape painter (approximate date)https://books.google.com/books?id=GwhaDwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Li+Tang&pg=PA117 Essential Terms of Chinese Painting Choy Eric Cheng Maria Tang Wai Hung City University of HK Press 2018 9789629371883 Hong Kong 117 en Chapter 5: Landscape Paintinghttps://books.google.com/books?id=EF1Uk2AaHzkC&q=1050+Li+Tang&pg=PA14 Painting and Private Life in Eleventh-century China: Mountain Villa by Li Gonglin Harrist Robert E. Li Kung-Lin Princeton University Press 1998 9780691016092 Princeton, NJ 14 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=CWBRWV8Zug0C&q=1050+Li+Tang&pg=PA46 The Heart of Ma Yuan: The Search for a Southern Song Aesthetic Edwards Richard Hong Kong University Press 2011 9789888028658 Aberdeen and Hong Kong 46 en
Lope Íñiguez, lord of Biscay (approximate date)https://books.google.com/books?id=JXFnYDg12i8C&q=1050+Lope+Iniguez&pg=PA36 Batallas y quinquagenas de Oviedo y Valdés Gonzalo Fernández Real Academia de la Historia 1983 9788460033004 I Madrid 36 es
Michael VII Doukas, Byzantine emperor (approximate date)https://books.google.com/books?id=AywZAQAAIAAJ&q=1050+Michael+VII+Doukas Encyclopedia of the Byzantine Empire Lawler Jennifer McFarland & Company 2004 9780786415205 Jefferson, NC 209 en
Muhammad al-Baghdadi, Arab mathematician (d. 1141)https://books.google.com/books?id=gw0hDQAAQBAJ&q=1050+Muhammad+al-Baghdadi&pg=PA323 The Life of Ibn Hanbal al-Jawzī Abū al-Faraj ʻAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʻAlī Ibn al-Jawzi Ibn New York University Press 2016 9781479805303 Qutbuddin Tahera New York 323 en Cooperson Michael Fowden Garth
Muirchertach Ua Briain, king of Munster (approximate date)https://books.google.com/books?id=WkQrDwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Muirchertach+Ua+Briain&pg=PA459 Routledge Revivals: Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia Duffy Sean Taylor & Francis 2017 9781351666176 Duffy Sean New York and London 459 en Ua Briain, Muirchertach (1050 – 1119)https://books.google.com/books?id=PwdCxfGNSMIC&q=1050+Muirchertach+Ua+Briain&pg=PA151 Historical Texts from Medieval Wales Williams Patricia The Modern Humanities Research Association 2012 9781907322600 London 151 en
Olaf I ("Hunger"), king of Denmark (approximate date)Pajung Stefan Oluf Hunger 1050-1095 danmarkshistorien.dk http://www.danmarkshistorien.dk/leksikon-og-kilder/vis/materiale/oluf-hunger-1050-1095/ https://web.archive.org/web/20110719122611/http://www.danmarkshistorien.dk/leksikon-og-kilder/vis/materiale/oluf-hunger-1050-1095/ July 19, 2011 dead da December 17, 2024
Olaf III ("the Peaceful"), king of Norway (approximate date)http://www.oddmarthinsen.no/tng/getperson.php?personID=10736&tree=tre1 Olav III Kyrre of Norway f. 1050 Norge d. 22 Sep 1093 Håkeby, Tanum, Västra Götaland, Sverige oddmarthinsen.no 2019-08-27
Osbern of Canterbury, English hagiographer (d. 1090)https://books.google.com/books?id=6J-rJUrbaf4C&q=1050+Osbern+of+Canterbury&pg=PA27 Canterbury and the Norman Conquest: Churches, Saints and Scholars, 1066-1109 Eales Richard Sharpe Richard A&C Black 1995 9781852850685 London and Rio Grande 27 en Chapter 3: The Life and Writings of Osbern of Canterbury
Peter the Hermit, French priest (approximate date)https://books.google.com/books?id=XRkfKdho-5cC&q=1050+Peter+the+Hermit&pg=PP694 Encyclopedia of World Religions Becchio Bruno Schadé Johannes P. Foreign Media Group 2006 9781601360007 Amsterdam and Zurich enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=yduqAQAAQBAJ&q=1050+Peter+the+Hermit&pg=PA216 The Newest Testament: A Secular Bible Goldstein M. B. Archway Publishing 2013 9781480801561 Bloomington, IN 216 en Chapter 42
Sophia of Hungary, duchess of Saxony (approximate date)http://nielsenhayden.com/genealogy-tng/getperson.php?personID=I819&tree=nh1 Sophia of Hungary b. Abt 1050 d. 18 Jun 1095: NH genealogy nielsenhayden.com August 27, 2019
Sviatopolk II, Grand Prince of Kiev (d. 1113)https://books.google.com/books?id=XLqEWwa7fT8C&q=1050+Sviatopolk+II&pg=PA205 Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who Came to America Before 1700: The Lineage of Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Some of Their Descendants Weis Frederick Lewis Genealogical Publishing Company 1992 9780806313672 7th Baltimore, MD 205 en 1950https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0mKRsElYNkC&q=1050+Sviatopolk+II&pg=PA883 A History of Ukraine: The Land and Its Peoples, Second Edition Magocsi Paul Robert University of Toronto Press 2010 9781442698796 Toronto, Buffalo, NY and London 883 en 1996https://books.google.com/books?id=8lp0DwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Sviatopolk+II&pg=PA76 Heavenly Sustenance in Patristic Texts and Byzantine Iconography: Nourished by the Word D-Vasilescu Elena Ene Springer 2018 9783319989860 New Approaches to Byzantine History and Culture New York 76 en
Vidyakara, Indian Buddhist scholar (d. 1130)August 2019
Deaths
February 10 – Anna, Grand Princess of Kiev (b. 1001)https://books.google.com/books?id=IqoyDwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Ingegerd+Olofsdotter&pg=PA80 Alla vägar bär till Rom: 75 generationer från von Wachenfeldt och Uggla till Lucius Julius Libo I av Romarriket Persson Bjarne BoD – Books on Demand 2017 9789176992593 Stockholm and Norderstedt 80 svhttps://books.google.com/books?id=DI8RAQAAIAAJ&q=1050+Saint+Anna Orthodox Life Holy Trinity Monastery 2001 51–52 en
October 29 – Eadsige, archbishop of Canterburyhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zcgxEvGAK_kC&q=1050+Eadsige&pg=PA214 Handbook of British Chronology Pryde E. B. Greenway D. E. Porter S. Roy I. Cambridge University Press 1996 9780521563505 3rd Cambridge, England and New York 214 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=7t1vsmrHUj4C&q=1050+Eadsige&pg=PA188 Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum: A List of Anglo-Saxon Proper Names from the Time of Beda to that of King John Searle William George Cambridge University Press 2012 9781107608641 Cambridge, England and New York 188 en 1897https://books.google.com/books?id=FUeGTZhIn7cC&q=1050+Eadsige&pg=PA104 Edward the Confessor Barlow Frank University of California Press 1984 9780520053199 Berkeley and Los Angeles 104 en
Alferius (or Alferio), Italian abbot and saint (b. 930)https://books.google.com/books?id=rh9GAwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Alferius&pg=PA85 Sanctity and Pilgrimage in Medieval Southern Italy, 1000-1200 Oldfield Paul Cambridge University Press 2014 9781107000285 Cambridge, England and New York 85 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=hmYZEhZfEYAC&q=1050+Alferius&pg=PA53 The Latin Church in Norman Italy Loud G. A. Cambridge University Press 2007 9781107320000 Cambridge, England and New York 565 enhttps://brill.com/view/book/9789004339668/B9789004339668_005.xml A Companion to Joachim of Fiore Fraja Valeria De Brill 2017 9789004339668 Riedl Matthias Brill's Companions to the Christian Tradition 75 109–143 en Joachim the Abbot: Monastic Reform and the Foundation of the Florensian Order all the abbots of the Norman-Suevian period and of the first Angevin age, from the founder Alferius (†1050) 10.1163/9789004339668_006
Anund Jacob (or James), king of Sweden (b. 1008)https://books.google.com/books?id=FtFDthqmB2wC&q=1050+Anund+Jacob&pg=PA8 Warrior Kings of Sweden: The Rise of an Empire in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries Peterson Gary Dean McFarland 2014 9781476604114 Jefferson, NC and London 8 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=NL4FAwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Anund+Jacob&pg=PA35 Historical Dictionary of the Vikings Holman Katherine Scarecrow Press 2003 9780810865891 Historical Dictionaries of Ancient Civilizations and Historical Eras 11 Lanham, MD and Oxford 35 enTalvio Tuukka 1979 Notes on Three Sigtuna Moneyers The Numismatic Chronicle 19 139 221–225 0078-2696 42667047
Casilda of Toledo, Spanish saint (approximate date)https://books.google.com/books?id=4QUbDgAAQBAJ&q=1050+Casilda+of+Toledo&pg=PA378 History, Fiction, and The Tudors: Sex, Politics, Power, and Artistic License in the Showtime Television Series Robison William B. Springer 2017 9781137438836 New York 378 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=ZMgtP3tMdawC&q=1050+Casilda+of+Toledo&pg=PA22 Historia General de España Mariana Juan de L. Núñez de Vargas 1818 VI Madrid 22 es
Constantine Arianites, Byzantine generalhttps://books.google.com/books?id=JdZAAQAAMAAJ&q=1050+Constantine+Arianites&pg=PP221 Universal Historical Dictionary: Or, Explanation of the Names of Persons and Places in the Departments of Biblical, Political, and Ecclesiastical History, Mythology, Heraldry, Biography, Bibliography, Geography, and Numismatics. Illustrated by Portraits and Medallic Cuts Crabb George Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy 1825 I London enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=NjVaCwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Constantine+Arianites&pg=PA375 A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire Venning Timothy Harris Jonathan Springer 2006 9780230505865 New York 375 enMărculeţ Vasile 2017 Aspecte ale guvernării themei Paristrion (Paradunavon) in secolul al XI-lea : guvernări asociate https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=622088 Muzeul Național en 1 29 1–9 1015-0323
Einar Thambarskelfir, Norwegian noblemanhttps://books.google.com/books?id=AzyaDwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Einar+Thambarskelfir&pg=PR127 The Orkneyinga Saga Anderson Joseph Hjaltalin Jon A. Goudie Gilbert Cambridge University Press 2019 9781108082242 Cambridge and New York cxxvii enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=3G9U_pOdyEQC&q=1050+Einar+Thambarskelfir&pg=PA172 Skandinavier unterwegs in Europa (1000-1250): Untersuchungen zu Mobilität und Kulturtransfer auf prosopographischer Grundlage Waßenhoven Dominik Oldenbourg Verlag 2009 9783050048536 Europa Im Mittelalter 8 Berlin 172 de
Herleva, Norman noblewoman (approximate date)https://books.google.com/books?id=BiyyueBTpaMC&q=1050+Herleva&pg=PA254 Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy Panton James Scarecrow Press 2011 9780810874978 Lanham, MD and Plymouth, England 254 en
Hugh of Langres, French bishop and theologianhttps://books.google.com/books?id=qOB5DwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Hugh+of+Langres&pg=PA104 When Ego Was Imago: Signs of Identity in the Middle Ages Bedos-Rezak Brigitte BRILL 2010 9789004192256 Leiden and Boston 104 enMacy Gary January 1, 2014 The Medieval Inheritance https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004260177/B9789004260177_003.xml A Companion to the Eucharist in the Reformation Brill Brill's Companions to the Christian Tradition 46 Wandel Lee Palmer en 13–37 10.1163/9789004260177_003 9789004260177 subscription
Humphrey de Vieilles, Norman noblemanhttps://books.google.com/books?id=-7ISVNy75HUC&q=1050+Humphrey+de+Vieilles&pg=PA81 Anselm of Bec and Robert of Meulan: The Innocence of the Dove and the Wisdom of the Serpent Vaughn Sally N. University of California Press 1987 9780520056749 Berkeley, Los Angeles and London 81 en
Michael Dokeianos, Byzantine generalhttps://books.google.com/books?id=Gop3g_fuNQQC&q=1050+Michael+Dokeianos&pg=PA74 The History of the Normans di Montecassino Amato Boydell Press 2004 9781843830788 Woodbridge, England 74 enMeyer Mati 2006 The Levite's Concubine: Imaging the Marginal Woman in Byzantine Society Studies in Iconography 27 45–76 0148-1029 23923693https://books.google.com/books?id=TmzJDgAAQBAJ&q=1050+Michael+Dokeianos&pg=PR25 Streams of Gold, Rivers of Blood: The Rise and Fall of Byzantium, 955 A.D. to the First Crusade Kaldellis Anthony Oxford University Press 2017 9780190253226 Oxford and New York xxv en
Suryavarman I, king of the Khmer Empirehttps://books.google.com/books?id=6kDm5d3cMIYC&q=1050+Suryavarman+I&pg=PA104 Southeast Asia: From Prehistory to History Stark Miriam T. Psychology Press 2004 9780415297776 Glover Ian London and New York 104 en Pre-Angkorian and Angkorian Cambodia Bellwood Peterhttps://books.google.com/books?id=_zRVzX-DBdAC&q=1050+Suryavarman+I&pg=PA270 Adventure Guide Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia Arrowood Janet Hunter Publishing, Inc 2006 9781588435200 Edison, NJ, Montreal and Oxford 270 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=u9LzLvtbxmkC&q=1050+Suryavarman+I&pg=PA5 Contesting Visions of the Lao Past: Laos Historiography at the Crossroads Goscha Christopher E. Ivarsson Søren Nordic Institute of Asian Studies Press 2003 9788791114021 Copenhagen, Denmark 5 en
Wifred II, count of Cerdanya and Bergahttps://books.google.com/books?id=JWhNDwAAQBAJ&q=1050+Wilfred+II+Cerdanya&pg=PT62 The Savage Frontier: The Pyrenees in History and the Imagination Carr Matthew The New Press 2018 9781620974285 New York enGrifoll Isabel The Crown of Aragon The Culture (Ninth–Twelfth Centuries): Clerics and Troubadours January 1, 2017 https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004349612/B9789004349612_006.xml en 125–149 10.1163/9789004349612_006 9789004349612 subscription
Zoë, empress of the Byzantine Empirehttps://books.google.com/books?id=l0gba_NWDV4C&q=1050+Zo%C3%AB+Porphyrogenita&pg=PA52 Issues in Dermatology and Cosmetic Medicine: 2013 Edition Acton Q. Ashton ScholarlyEditions 2013 9781490109114 Atlanta, GA 52 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=KhEhDAAAQBAJ&q=1050+Zo%C3%AB+Porphyrogenita&pg=PA917 Dictionary of World Biography Jones Barry Australian National University Press 2016 9781760460105 3rd Acton, Australia 917 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=b0uvAgAAQBAJ&q=1050+Zo%C3%AB+Porphyrogenita&pg=PT27 Queenship in the Mediterranean: Negotiating the Role of the Queen in the Medieval and Early Modern Eras Woodacre E. Springer 2013 9781137362834 New York en
References