1797 Sumatra earthquake

Earthquake in Indonesia 1797 Sumatra earthquake yes 10 February 1797 22:00https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/5933 Significant Earthquakes Information World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information 1972 National Centers for Environmental Information 2022-07-26 10.7289/V5TD9V7K National Geophysical Data Center Indonesia Sumatra Seven minutes w y 8.6–8.8Philibosian B. Sieh K. Avouac J.-P. Natawidjaja D.H. Chian H.-W. Wu C.-C. Perfettini H. Shen C.-C. Daryono M.R. Suwargadi B.W. 2014 Rupture and variable coupling behavior of the Mentawai segment of the Sunda megathrust during the supercycle culmination of 1797 to 1833 Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 119 9 7258–7287 10.1002/2014JB011200 2014JGRB..119.7258P 10220/25579 free -1.0 99.0 inline,title Sumatra, Dutch East India Company 9 Sunda megathrust Yes Numerous The 1797 Sumatra earthquake occurred at 22:00 local time on 10 February. It was the first in a series of great earthquakes that ruptured part of the Sumatran segment of the Sunda megathrust. It caused a damaging tsunami that was particularly severe near Padang, where a 150–200 t ST English ship was driven 1 km inland up the Arau River. Background The island of Sumatra lies on the convergent plate boundary between the Indo-Australian plate and the Eurasian plate. The convergence between these plates is highly oblique near Sumatra, with the displacement being accommodated by near pure dip-slip faulting along the subduction zone, known as the Sunda megathrust, and near pure strike-slip faulting along the Great Sumatran fault. The major slip events on the subduction zone interface are typically of the megathrust type.Natawidjaja D. H. Danny Hilman Natawidjaja Sieh K. Kerry Sieh Chlieh M. Galetzka J. Suwargadi B.W. Cheng H. Edwards R.L. Avouac J.-P. Ward S. N. amp 2006 Journal of Geophysical Research Source parameters of the great Sumatran megathrust earthquakes of 1797 and 1833 inferred from coral microatolls 111 B06403 n/a 10.1029/2005JB004025 2006JGRB..111.6403N 10220/8480 https://authors.library.caltech.edu/20847/1/Natawidjaja_JGR2006.pdf Historically, great or giant megathrust earthquakes have been recorded in 1797, 1833, 1861, 2004, 2005 and 2007, most of them being associated with devastating tsunamis. Smaller (but still large) megathrust events have also occurred in the small gaps between the areas that slip during these larger events, in 1935, 1984, 2000 and 2002. Damage The earthquake caused the collapse or damage of many houses. The tsunami surge drove an English sailing ship of 150–200 t ST, moored in the Arau River, about 1 km inland, destroying several houses as it went. Smaller boats were driven up to 1.8 km upstream. In Air Manis, the whole town was flooded and the bodies of several people who had climbed trees to escape the surge were found the next day in the branches. Only two fatalities were reported from Padang itself but many more from Air Manis. The Batu Islands were also reported to be affected. Characteristics thumb|Tectonic setting of the Sunda megathrust|250px Earthquake The shaking lasted up to seven minutes. The magnitude of the earthquake has been estimated from uplift patterns determined from eroded coral microatolls in the range w yes 8.6–8.8. Reports in 1845 and 1847 said either that this was the strongest earthquake in the memory of the residents of Padang or the strongest for forty years. Tsunami The run-up of the tsunami at Padang and the village of Air Manis is estimated to be in the range of 5-10 m. Modelling of tsunami effects using source parameters estimated from the uplift of microatolls, provide a reasonable match to the sparse historical records.10.1073/pnas.0604069103 Borrero J.C. Sieh K. Chlieh, M. Synolakis C.E. amp December 26, 2006 Tsunami inundation modeling for western Sumatra 19673–7 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103 52 17170141 1750885 2006PNAS..10319673B free The tsunami reports for this event are localised around Padang and it has been suggested that the tsunami may have been caused by an underwater landslide triggered by the earthquake.http://ejournal.mgi.esdm.go.id/index.php/bomg/article/viewFile/25/25 Submarine mass movement and localized tsunami potentiality of Mentawai Basin, Sumatera, Indonesia Permana H. Singh S.C. & Research Team 2010 2011-06-01 2018-03-10 https://web.archive.org/web/20180310202036/http://ejournal.mgi.esdm.go.id/index.php/bomg/article/viewFile/25/25 dead See also List of earthquakes in Indonesia List of historical earthquakes List of tsunamis References Martin S. S. Cummins P. R. Meltzner A. J. Gempa Nusantara: A Database of 7380 Macroseismic Observations for 1200 Historical Earthquakes in Indonesia from 1546 to 1950 Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 112 6 2022 0037-1106 10.1785/0120220047 2958–2980 2022BuSSA.112.2958M 253365854 10356/166257 free Category:Megathrust earthquakes in Sumatra Category:February 1797 Category:1790s earthquakes Category:1797 in Asia Category:1797 in Southeast Asia Category:18th century in Indonesia Category:18th-century tsunamis Category:1797 disasters Category:Tsunamis in Indonesia