1991 Armenian independence referendum

none 1991 Armenian independence referendum Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic 1990 Do you agree that the Republic of Armenia should be an independent democratic state outside of the USSR? 2042627 10002 4129 2163967 21 September 1991 An independence referendum was held in the Armenia SSR on 21 September 1991 to determine whether Armenia should secede from the Soviet Union.Nohlen Hartmann Grotz 2001 329 It followed a declaration of independence on 23 August 1990.http://www.parliament.am/legislation.php?sel=show&ID=2602&lang=eng Armenian Declaration of Independence Parliament of Armenia 13 March 2020 99.5% of voters voted in favour, with a turnout of 95%.Nohlen Hartmann Grotz 2001 332 The country officially became an independent state on 23 September 1991.https://www.apn.ru/index.php?newsid=10413 Самоопределение по ленинским принципам APN ru 2019-06-26 Background The May 1990 Armenian Supreme Soviet election resulted in the formation of a non-Communist government led by Levon Ter-Petrosyan, chairman of the Pan-Armenian National Movement.Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe 1991 1–2 On 23 August 1990, the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Armenia, which marked the beginning of the process of establishing independent statehood. It was declared that the Republic of Armenia was a sovereign state endowed with independence. The Constitution of the USSR and the laws of the USSR ceased to apply in the territory of the Republic. In order to ensure its security and inviolability of its borders, the Republic of Armenia established its own Armed Forces, internal troops, state and public security bodies subordinate to the Supreme Soviet. In December 1990, Mikhail Gorbachev proposed a referendum on the continuation of the Soviet Union, as a federative state. The Ter-Petrosyan government rejected the proposal on 1 March 1991 and decided instead to hold a referendum on independence.Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe 1991 1–2 The referendum was scheduled for 21 September 1991. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Republic was given the right "in case of a sharp change in the situation to decide on an early referendum".Decision of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Armenia on holding a referendum on secession from the USSR in the territory of the Republic of Armenia http://ankakhutyun.am/archives/3703 https://web.archive.org/web/20170731075040/http://ankakhutyun.am/archives/3703 31 July 2017 The referendum was administered by the Central Referendum Commission, which was established on 23 May 1991. The commission consisted of a chairperson (Babken Gurgeni Ararktsyan), two deputy chairpersons (Gevorg Hrachiki Vardanyan and Ter-Husik Beniki Lazaryan), a secretary (Lyudvig Varazdati Khachatryan) and additional members appointed by state authorities. Results 2042627 10002 4129 2163967 Direct Democracy Aftermath On 23 September 1991, the Supreme Council of Armenia confirmed the republic's secession from the USSR based on the results of the referendum. Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev unsuccessfully attempted to persuade Armenia to join the Union of Soviet Sovereign Republics. However, the Armenian government signed an economic treaty with Russia that created a free-trade zone.Restoration of Armenian Independence: Armenian Third Republic http://exhibits.lib.usf.edu/exhibits/show/armenianstudies/armenia-hist/third-republic live https://web.archive.org/web/20170325033436/http://exhibits.lib.usf.edu:80/exhibits/show/armenianstudies/armenia-hist/third-republic 2017-03-25 University of South Florida Tampa Library Levon Ter-Petrosyan was elected the first president of Armenia in November 1991 and Armenia formally gained independence on 26 December 1991. Nagorno-Karabakh In a separate referendum, around 99% of ethnic Armenians in the Nagorno-Karabakh region voted for independence from Azerbaijan. Artur Mkrtchyan was chosen as president of the region following the 28 December 1991 parliamentary elections. On 2 January 1992 President Mutalibov of Azerbaijan placed the region under direct presidential rule, and the region formally declared its independence from the nation four days later on 6 January.46. Azerbaijan/Nagorno-Karabakh (1991-present) https://uca.edu/politicalscience/home/research-projects/dadm-project/europerussiacentral-asia-region/azerbaijannagorno-karabakh-1991-present/ 2024-03-18 uca.edu en-US August 2026 InternetArchiveBot Prior to the 1991 referendum, the conflict had started in the Nagorno-Karabakh region in 1988, with the referendum soon causing an escalation into a long phase of war within the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. See also Politics Society Independence Day (Armenia) References Bibliography Nohlen Dieter Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook: Volume I: Middle East, Central Asia, and South Asia Hartmann Christof Grotz Florian Oxford University Press 2001 978-0-19-924958-9 Armenia 10.1093/019924958X.003.0016 Dieter Nohlen Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe https://www.csce.gov/sites/helsinkicommission.house.gov/files/Report%20on%20the%20Armenian%20Referendum%20on%20Independence.pdf Report on the Armenian Referendum on Independence 1991 2022-08-29 2021-06-19 https://web.archive.org/web/20220829100431/https://www.csce.gov/sites/helsinkicommission.house.gov/files/Report%20on%20the%20Armenian%20Referendum%20on%20Independence.pdf dead Category:Dissolution of the Soviet Union Armenia Armenia Independence Category:Referendums in Armenia Category:Referendums in the Soviet Union Category:Constitutional history of Armenia