1930 Liechtenstein by-election

none Liechtenstein 1928 1932 16 March 1930 1930 Liechtenstein by-election 4 of the 15 seats in the Landtag Progressive Citizens' Party Josef Hoop 15 11 Christian-Social People's Party (Liechtenstein) Wilhelm Beck 0 4 Prime Minister Josef Hoop Progressive Citizens' Party Josef Hoop Progressive Citizens' Party 1921 100 0 A by-election was held in Liechtenstein on 16 March 1930 to elect 4 vacancies in the Landtag.Nohlen Stöver 2010 1164 The by-election was called after the four Christian-Social People's Party (VP) members of the Landtag refused to return to their seats as they believed that the Landtag elected in the 1928 elections was a continuation of the term elected in the April 1926 elections. The ruling Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP) won all four of the seats unopposed, as the VP boycotted the elections. The VP's withdrawal from the Landtag were also intended to tactically support an upcoming referendum for the introduction of proportional representation proposed by the party, but it was rejected by voters. Background and campaign 1928 Liechtenstein general election In the 1928 elections, held following the 1928 embezzlement scandal, the Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP) won a majority of eleven seats, while the Christian-Social People's Party (VP) won four.Büchel Donat 31 December 2011 Sparkassaskandal https://historisches-lexikon.li/Sparkassaskandal live https://web.archive.org/web/20230815103617/https://historisches-lexikon.li/Sparkassaskandal 15 August 2023 17 May 2023 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de Savings Bank ScandalNohlen Stöver 2010 1182 As a result, the FBP formed a majority government ultimately under the leadership of Josef Hoop.7 August 1928 Eröffnungsfeier des Landtages am Samstag Opening ceremony of the state parliament on Saturday https://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/viewer/image/000476564_1928/491/LOG_0091/ live https://web.archive.org/web/20250321144757/https://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/viewer/image/000476564_1928/491/LOG_0091/ 21 March 2025 14 November 2024 Liechtensteiner Volksblatt de In the opening session of the new Landtag, the VP demanded voluntary proportional representation from the FBP, including having a VP member as deputy prime minister and one government councillor. The former was rejected by the FBP however, as following the January and April 1926 elections the FBP had a larger seat share and only received one government councillor. As such, the FBP agreed to appoint one VP member to government.Geiger 1997 101 However, motivated by a desire to not remain in the opposition for long, the VP renounced participation in government.Geiger 1997 305–306 To this end, the VP sought to force new elections by arguing that the 1928 elections had only been a continuation of the term dictated in the April 1926 elections. In a letter sent to the Landtag in December 1929, the VP members of the Landtag declared that they would not take their seats as their term had expired.Geiger 1997 305–306 Conversely, the governing FBP and Franz I, Prince of Liechtenstein recognized the 1928 elections as a new term; both sides used foreign legal interpretations to justify their actions. The Landtag, now composed solely of FBP members, issued an interpretation of the constitution supporting the government's position.Geiger 1997 305 Franz I gave the government full authority to attempt to have the VP Landtag members return, but the VP refused to do so. In response, the Landtag passed a motion to formally dismiss the members on 11 February 1930 and called for a by-election to fill the vacancies. The VP boycotted the elections, instead calling for blank ballots, and thus all the FBP candidates were elected unopposed.Geiger 1997 306 The VP's withdrawal from the Landtag was also intended to tactically support the upcoming VP-initiated referendum on the introduction of proportional representation, but primarily due to opposition from the FBP it was rejected by voters by a significant margin. Under the proposed electoral law, early elections being called would not constitute a new electoral term, meaning that new elections would have been held in 1930 had the law been approved.Geiger 1997 306–309 Electoral system The 4 members of the Landtag were elected via a majority system in the Oberland constituency, where candidates who received the majority of votes in the constituency were elected. If the constituency did not receive enough elected candidates, then a second round would be held.Marxer Wilfried Wilfried Marxer Frommelt Fabian 31 December 2011 Wahlsysteme Electoral systems https://historisches-lexikon.li/Wahlsysteme?marker=Gemeindewahlen live https://web.archive.org/web/20260710012731/https://historisches-lexikon.li/Wahlsysteme 10 July 2026 17 November 2024 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de Only men aged 21 and above were eligible to vote.Marxer Wilfried Wilfried Marxer Frommelt Fabian 31 December 2011 Stimm- und Wahlrecht Right to vote and right to stand for election https://historisches-lexikon.li/Stimm-_und_Wahlrecht live https://web.archive.org/web/20260725082522/https://historisches-lexikon.li/Stimm-_und_Wahlrecht 25 July 2026 28 July 2026 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein deFrick Julia 31 December 2011 Frauenstimm- und -wahlrecht Women's suffrage and the right to vote https://historisches-lexikon.li/Frauenstimm-_und_-wahlrecht live https://web.archive.org/web/20260801042820/https://historisches-lexikon.li/Frauenstimm-_und_-wahlrecht 1 August 2026 7 December 2024 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de Results All four seats were won by the FBP unopposed.Vogt 1987 207 Until the 1932 elections, all 15 members of the Landtag belonged to the FBP.Geiger 1997 306Progressive Citizens' Party 4 1343 VogtVogt 1987 207 2719 By electoral district Electoral districtSeatsPartyVotesElected membersSeats wonOberland4Progressive Citizens' Party2719*Josef Ospelt Bernhard Risch Johann Schädler Fritz Walser4Source: VogtVogt 1987 207 References Bibliography Nohlen Dieter Dieter Nohlen Elections in Europe: A data handbook Stöver Philip 2010 Nomos 978-3-8329-5609-7 Geiger Peter Peter Geiger Krisenzeit: Liechtenstein in den Dreissigerjahren 1928–1939 Liechtenstein Institute, Chronos Verlag 1997 3-906393-28-3 1 Zürich de Time of crisis: Liechtenstein in the 1930s 1928–1939 Vogt Paul Paul Vogt (historian) 125 Jahre Landtag 1987 Landtag of the Principality of Liechtenstein Vaduz de 125 Years of the State Parliament Liechtenstein By-election Category:By-elections in Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Category:Election and referendum articles with incomplete results