2'-O-methylation

Biological molecule vanc 6 thumb|2'-O-methyl-adenosine, a modified adenosine. 2'-O-methylation (2'-O-Me) is a nucleotide epitranscriptomics modification commonly found in ribosomal RNA (rRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and small nuclear RNA (snRNA).Zhou Katherine I. Pecot Chad V. Holley Christopher L. 2024-05-01 2′-O-methylation (Nm) in RNA: progress, challenges, and future directions http://rnajournal.cshlp.org/content/30/5/570 RNA en 30 5 570–582 10.1261/rna.079970.124 1355-8382 38531653 11019748 This modification is created through post-transcriptional modification of the RNA. Guo J Transcription: the epicenter of gene expression Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B 15 5 409–411 May 2014 24793758 4076597 10.1631/jzus.B1400113 This modification can be performed via ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) with C/D box small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) used as a guide RNA Monaco PL, Marcel V, Diaz JJ, Catez F 2'-O-Methylation of Ribosomal RNA: Towards an Epitranscriptomic Control of Translation? Biomolecules 8 4 106 October 2018 30282949 6316387 10.3390/biom8040106 free where a methyl group is added to the 2' hydroxyl of the ribose moiety of any nucleotide (Nm) Dimitrova DG, Teysset L, Carré C RNA 2'-O-Methylation (Nm) Modification in Human Diseases Genes 10 2 117 February 2019 30764532 6409641 10.3390/genes10020117 free producing a methoxy group. It can also be performed through other enzymes without a guide RNA such as FTSJ1 in tRNAs. The modification of one Nm creates more stabilization in the structure by 0.2kcal/mol Abou Assi H, Rangadurai AK, Shi H, Liu B, Clay MC, Erharter K, Kreutz C, Holley CL, Al-Hashimi HM 2'-O-Methylation can increase the abundance and lifetime of alternative RNA conformational states Nucleic Acids Research 48 21 12365–12379 December 2020 33104789 7708057 10.1093/nar/gkaa928 which is more enthalpically favorable. Currently, about 55 2'-O-methylations have been identified in yeast alone and 106 in humans Erales J, Marchand V, Panthu B, Gillot S, Belin S, Ghayad SE, Garcia M, Laforêts F, Marcel V, Baudin-Baillieu A, Bertin P, Couté Y, Adrait A, Meyer M, Therizols G, Yusupov M, Namy O, Ohlmann T, Motorin Y, Catez F, Diaz JJ Evidence for rRNA 2'-O-methylation plasticity: Control of intrinsic translational capabilities of human ribosomes Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 114 49 12934–12939 December 2017 29158377 5724255 10.1073/pnas.1707674114 free 2017PNAS..11412934E and deposited in RNA Modification Base (RMBase) database. Sun WJ, Li JH, Liu S, Wu J, Zhou H, Qu LH, Yang JH RMBase: a resource for decoding the landscape of RNA modifications from high-throughput sequencing data Nucleic Acids Research 44 D1 D259–D265 January 2016 26464443 4702777 10.1093/nar/gkv1036 This modification is able to stabilize the structure of RNA while preventing it from undergoing hydrolysis as the hydroxyl group is replaced. A technique was developed based on this property called RiboMethSeq to quantify the amount of modifications existing in a sample of rRNA. Marchand V, Blanloeil-Oillo F, Helm M, Motorin Y Illumina-based RiboMethSeq approach for mapping of 2'-O-Me residues in RNA Nucleic Acids Research 44 16 e135 September 2016 27302133 5027498 10.1093/nar/gkw547 RNA is a short lived molecule and each of the types vary in its longevity in the cell. Ribosomal RNA exists longer in the cell before degradation so utilizing 2'-O-Met would aid in stabilizing its structure. The epitranscriptomics of this particular RNA modification occurs post-translation, causing a change in the resulting protein without the DNA being altered. Khoshnevis S, Dreggors-Walker RE, Marchand V, Motorin Y, Ghalei H Ribosomal RNA 2'-O-methylations regulate translation by impacting ribosome dynamics Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 119 12 e2117334119 March 2022 35294285 8944910 10.1073/pnas.2117334119 free 2022PNAS..11917334K Having chemical properties intermediate between RNA and DNA, 2'-O-methylation is presumed to have been one of the reactive group of RNA molecules on early Earth that would have given rise to DNA. Rana AK, Ankri S Reviving the RNA World: An Insight into the Appearance of RNA Methyltransferases Frontiers in Genetics 7 99 2016 27375676 4893491 10.3389/fgene.2016.00099 free See also Nucleic acid analogue Small nucleolar RNA References 30em Category:RNA Category:O-methylation