1792 in science

none 1792 science 1792 The year 1792 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy Franz Xaver, Baron Von Zach publishes The Tables of the Sun, an instrumental work for the advancement of navigation. The first Royal Astronomer of Ireland is appointed: the post is combined with the position of Director of the Dunsink Observatory in Dublin. Biology Scottish surgeon Robert Kerr publishes The Animal Kingdom, the first two volumes of an English translation of Linnaeus' Systema Naturae. Exploration and survey May — George Vancouver explores Puget Sound and becomes the first European to see Mount Rainier. May 11 — Robert Gray's Columbia River expedition: Captain Robert Gray on the Columbia Rediviva becomes the first white man to enter the Columbia River. The second great Ramsden theodolite constructed by Jesse Ramsden for the Principal Triangulation of Great Britain.Ramsden's three foot geodetic theodolite, 1792 http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects/surveying/1876-1203.aspx Science Museum (London) 2011-11-20 https://web.archive.org/web/20110209045510/http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects/surveying/1876-1203.aspx 2011-02-09 dead History of science Kurt Sprengel publishes Versuch einer pragmatischen Geschichte der Arzneikunde in Halle, the first chronologically complete work on the history of medicine.History of Medicine: Bibliography http://www.1902encyclopedia.com/M/MED/medicine-39.html 1902 Encyclopedia 2011-10-10 Mathematics American statesmen Thomas Jefferson introduces the highest averages method of allocating electoral votes which becomes known as the D'Hondt method. Medicine Benjamin Rush campaigns for more humane treatment of psychiatric patients in Pennsylvania.Albert Deutsch 2007 The Mentally Ill in America: a History of Their Care and Treatment From Colonial Times François Chopart performs plastic surgery on a lip using a flap from the neck. Physics Abate Giovanni Battista Guglielmini publishes De diuturno terræ motu experimentis physico-mathematicis confirmato opusculum describing experiments carried out in Bologna to demonstrate rotation of the earth. Technology April 25 — First use of the guillotine. Claude Chappe successfully demonstrates the first semaphore line, between Paris and Lille, constituting an optical telegraph. William Murdoch invents gas lighting. George Anschutz constructs the first blast furnace in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. James Rumsey is granted a patent for a water turbine, in England.British patent no. 1903 The first iron-cased Mysorean rockets are successfully developed and used by Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan, rulers of the Kingdom of Mysore in India, against British East India Company forces during the Anglo-Mysore Wars. Awards Copley Medal: Benjamin ThompsonCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 21 July 2020 en Births January 12 — Johan August Arfwedson, Swedish chemist (died 1841) February 1 — Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach, German plastic surgeon (died 1847) February 17 — Karl Ernst von Baer, Estonian naturalist (died 1876) March 7 — John Herschel, English mathematician and astronomer (died 1871)Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society https://books.google.com/books?id=8CdCAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA123 1872 Priestley and Weale 123 May 21 — Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis, French mathematician, discoverer of the Coriolis effect (died 1843)James Willard Nybakken William W. Broenkow Tracy Lowell Vallier Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Marine Sciences https://books.google.com/books?id=O-w5AQAAIAAJ 2003 Grolier Academic Reference 978-0-7172-5946-5 252 July 7 — Diego de Argumosa, Spanish surgeon (died 1865) December 1 (November 20 Old Style) — Nikolai Lobachevsky, Russian mathematician and geometer (died 1856) Deaths March 1 – Jean Godin, French astronomer and naturalist (born 1713) March 10 — John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, former Prime Minister of Great Britain and botanist (born 1713) October 28 Paul Möhring, German physician and botanist (born 1710) John Smeaton, English civil engineer (born 1724) References Category:18th century in science Category:1790s in science