1975 Pacific typhoon season

none 1975 Pacific typhoon season summary.png WPac 1975 January 20, 1975 December 30, 1975 June 875 160 1 39 21 14 >229,166 (Deadliest Pacific typhoon season on record) 1350 > 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977 1975 Atlantic hurricane season 1975 Pacific hurricane season 1975 North Indian Ocean cyclone season The 1975 Pacific typhoon season was one of the deadliest tropical cyclone seasons on record, with nearly 229,000 fatalities occurring during the season. Despite this, it was one of the least active on record, with only 21 named storms forming throughout the year. It had no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1975, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names. Some of the notable storms here are Typhoon Nina, which caused the Banqiao Dam flood, which resulted in approximately 126,000 people dead, and Typhoon June, which was the strongest storm on record with a pressure of 875 mbar, until beaten by Typhoon Tip in 1979 with 870 mbar. Seasonal summary 25 tropical depressions formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 20 became tropical storms. 14 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 3 reached super typhoon strength.1975 ATCR TABLE OF CONTENTS https://web.archive.org/web/20110606234823/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1975atcr/pdf/1975.html 2011-06-06 Systems Typhoon Lola (Auring) WPac Lola 1975 path.png new January 20 January 28 typhoon 70 975 Typhoon Lola (Auring) was a very early typhoon. It made landfall on Mindanao as a minimal typhoon on January 24 and transversed the southern Philippines as a tropical storm. Lola crossed the South China Sea before stalling in the open sea and dissipating on January 28. The typhoon caused 30 casualties from mudslides and heavy rain. Tropical Depression 02W WPac 02W 1975 path.png new April 22 April 28 nwpdepression depression 25 1004 Tropical Depression 02W formed over the Philippines and crossed them before dissipating over the South China Sea. Tropical Storm Mamie WPac Mamie 1975 path.png new July 24 July 30 nwpstorm storm 40 992 Tropical Storm Mamie formed north of Guam, and briefly attained tropical storm status before weakening. It then passed south of Japan as a tropical depression before dissipating just south of Korea. Super Typhoon Nina (Bebeng) WPac NinaAugust21975.gif Nina 1975 path.png new July 30 August 5 typhoon 135 900 Typhoon Nina (1975) 1975 Banqiao Dam failure Nina was a short-lived but rapidly intensifying typhoon. After forming on July 30, it struck Taiwan at category 3 typhoon intensity. It stayed a typhoon during its passage over the island, causing 25 fatalities and widespread damage. It emerged into the Formosa Strait and weakened to a tropical storm. Nina headed inland. Its moisture interacted with a cold front, causing a huge amount of rainfall. The rainfall contributed to the bursting of the Banqiao Dam, causing the deaths of at least 229,000 people. Tropical Depression 05W (Karing) WPac 5W 1975 path.png new August 4 August 7 30 998 nwpdepression Tropical Depression 05W (Karing) formed east-northeast of the Philippines and traveled north then northwest before dissipating off the coast of China. Typhoon Ora (Diding) WPac Ora 1975 path.png new August 9 August 15 typhoon 65 970 Typhoon Ora first developed as an weak circulation on August 9. The influence of a nearby upper-level trough allowed it to intensify from a depression to a Category 1 typhoon in 30 hours. The typhoon passed Okinawa before making landfall in China near Wenzhou. It dissipated over land a few days later. Choppy seas caused by Ora sank a crowded motorboat near Leyte, killing 15 people.1975 Annual Typhoon Report https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/atcr/1975atcr.pdf Joint Typhoon Warning Center 28 October 2020 Typhoon Rita WPac Rita1975NOAA.gif Rita 1975 path.png new August 9 August 24 typhoon 80 965 Typhoon Rita (1975) Rita formed August 17 and erratically headed north and affected the Ryūkyū Islands. Rita then made landfall on Shikoku as a moderately strong Category 1 typhoon. It moved along the entire length of Japan, weakening to a depression. Rita strengthened back into a tropical storm over the Kuril Islands— an unusually northerly location— before dissipating on August 24. At least 26 deaths can be attributed to this typhoon from the heavy flooding— the worst in 10 years. Typhoon Phyllis WPac Phyllisaugust1319752320UTCDMSP.gif Phyllis 1975 path.png new August 12 August 18 typhoon 120 920 Typhoon Phyllis (1975) Phyllis struck the southern part of Japan on August 17 as a minimal typhoon, having weakened from a peak of 140 mph winds. Phyllis caused over 60 casualties, with landslides and flooding causing moderate to heavy damage. Tropical Depression Etang WPac new August 12 August 15 PAGASA 30Formed on August 12th 1975. Had peak intensity of 55 km/h winds before dissipating on August 15th. Tropical Storm Susan WPac Susan 1975 path.png new August 25 September 3 STS storm 50 985 Tropical Storm Susan formed far southwest of Tokyo, and slowly traveled northwards, reaching tropical storm intensity before weakening and finally dissipating on 3 September at sea west of Hokkaido. Typhoon Tess WPac Tess 1975-09-04.jpg Tess 1975 path.png new September 1 September 10 typhoon 95 945 Typhoon Tess was first noted as a closed circulation on 1 September 600 nautical miles east-northeast of Saipan. The storm intensified over the next few days, becoming a typhoon on the 3rd. The cyclone reached its peak intensity on the 4th. Tess then weakened, losing typhoon status on the 8th, and dissipating over the Sea of Irkutsk on the 10th, being absorbed into a frontal system.1975 Annual Typhoon Report https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/atcr/1975atcr.pdf Joint Typhoon Warning Center 28 October 2020 Tropical Storm Viola (Gening) WPac ViolaSeptember61975.gif Viola 1975 path.png new September 4 September 8 nwpstorm storm 45 996 Tropical Storm Viola formed at sea east of the Philippines and tracked northeast before dissipating four days later. Typhoon Winnie WPac WinnieSeptember919752151UTCDMSP.gif Winnie 1975 path.png new September 8 September 12 typhoon 65 980 Typhoon Winnie was first detected as a disturbance on 5 September, but it did not become a circulation until the 8th. Winnie tracked northwards, becoming a category 1 typhoon, but an unfavorable environment prevented it from intensifying further. It became extratropical on the 12th.1975 Annual Typhoon Report https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/atcr/1975atcr.pdf Joint Typhoon Warning Center 28 October 2020 Typhoon Alice (Herming) WPac AliceSeptember191975.png Alice 1975 path.png new September 15 September 21 typhoon 75 970 Typhoon Alice (Not to be confused with Typhoon Alice from 1979; locally named Herming by PAGASA) hit the Philippine island of Luzon, It weakened over the South China Sea then struck China and Vietnam as a tropical storm, Then it finally dissipated over Thailand. Typhoon Betty (Ising) WPac BettySeptember2119750315UTCDMSP.png Betty 1975 path.png new September 17 September 24 typhoon 95 950 Betty hit Taiwan and China. Typhoon Cora (Luding) WPac CoraOctober419750236UTCDMSP.png Cora 1975 path.png new September 29 October 7 typhoon 105 945 Cora re-curved east of Japan. Tropical Storm Doris WPac Doris Pacific 1975 path.png new October 2 October 8 STS storm 55 985 Doris hit China as a high-end tropical storm. Super Typhoon Elsie (Mameng) WPac Elsie 1975 October.png Elsie 1975 path.png new October 8 October 15 typhoon 135 900 Elsie hit Batanes as a Category 4 super typhoon, and also hit Hong Kong. Typhoon Flossie (Neneng) WPac Flossie 1975 path.png new October 15 October 23 typhoon 70 970 Flossie struck the extreme southern part of China at Category 1 intensity. 44 people were lost from 2 freighters sinking. Tropical Storm Grace (Oniang) WPac Grace 1975 path.png new October 23 November 2 STS storm 60 985 Grace moved northwest away from the Philippines. Tropical Storm Helen (Pepang) WPac Helen 1975 path.png new November 1 November 4 nwpstorm storm 45 1000 Helen hit Vietnam and the Philippines. Typhoon Ida WPac Ida 1975 path.png new November 5 November 11 typhoon 85 950 Ida recurved out to sea and had no effect on land. Super Typhoon June (Rosing) WPac June 1975-11-19 1002Z.png June 1975 path.png November 15 November 25 typhoon 160 875 Typhoon June (1975) On November 15, a disturbance was first detected in the monsoon trough well to the southeast of Guam, before finally developing into a tropical depression on November 16. Moving erratically, the depression was then later upgraded by the JTWC to a tropical storm. During November 17–18 June then began to explosively deepen as it moved to the north in response to a weakness in the ridge caused by a nearby trough, deepening as much as 52 mbars in under 12 hours, and 90 mbars in 24 hours. Early on November 19, a US Air Force reconnaissance aircraft measured a near record low pressure of 875mb just off the eyewall, indicating it could have been stronger. Shortly after the near-record peak, June then began a eyewall replacement cycle, becoming one of the first recorded cases of triple eyewalls.Chen Shanmin Preliminary analysis on the structure and intensity of concentric double-eye typhoons Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 4 1 113–118 10.1007/BF02656667 1987 1987AdAtS...4..113C 117062369 It then began to slowly weaken as it moved northwest, weakening below category 5 status early on November 21, before beginning to recurve to the northeast as it began extratropical transition, achieving a forward speed as high as 70mph. June finally became extratropical late on November 23. The remnants then became a powerful extratropical storm, with a pressure of 960mb before it was last noted over far northeastern Siberia.1975 Annual Typhoon Report https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/atcr/1975atcr.pdf Joint Typhoon Warning Center 28 October 2020 Typhoon June never made landfall, but passed 230 miles west of Guam, causing severe flooding.Skilling Tom Ask Tom: How strong was 1975's Typhoon June? https://www.chicagotribune.com/weather/ct-wea-asktom-0921-20180920-column.html 2021-08-23 chicagotribune.com 20 September 2018 There were no casualties, but several buildings were destroyed by the strong winds by June, and storm surge and crop damage was estimated at $300,000 (1975 USD). Tropical Depression 25W WPac 25W 1975 path.png new December 25 December 30 nwpstorm depression 35 996 25W formed in the South China Sea. Tropical Depression 24W (Sisang) WPac 24W 1975 path.png new December 26 December 30 30 1002 nwpdepression A late season tropical depression affected the Philippines before turning back toward the ocean and dissipated out at sea. Storm names International Western North Pacific tropical cyclones were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. The first storm of 1975 was named Lola and the final one was named June. Agnes Bonnie Carmen Della Elaine Faye Gloria Hester Irma Judy Kit Lola 1W Mamie 3W Nina 4W Ora 6W Phyllis 7W Rita 8W Susan 9W Tess 10W Viola 11W Winnie 12W Alice 13W Betty 14W Cora 15W Doris 16W Elsie 17W Flossie 19W Grace 20W Helen 21W Ida 22W June 23W Kathy Lorna Marie Nancy Olga Pamela Ruby Sally Therese Violet Wilda Anita Billie Clara Dot Ellen Fran Georgia Hope Iris Joan Kate Louise Marge Nora Opal Patsy Ruth Sarah Thelma Vera Wanda Amy Babe Carla Dinah Emma Freda Gilda Harriet Ivy Jean Kim Lucy Mary Nadine Olive Polly Rose Shirley Trix Virginia Wendy Philippines Auring Bebeng Karing Diding Etang Gening Herming Ising Luding Mameng Neneng Oniang Pepang Rosing Sisang Trining Uring Warling Yayang Auxiliary list Ading Barang Krising Dadang Erling Goying The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 6 of which are published each year before the season starts. Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1979 season. This is the same list used for the 1971 season. PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet, with names of Filipino female names ending with "ng" (A, B, K, D, etc.). Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in . Season effects This table will list all the storms that developed in the northwestern Pacific Ocean west of the International Date Line and north of the equator during 1975. It will include their intensity, duration, name, areas affected, deaths, and damage totals. Classification and intensity values will be based on estimations conducted by the JMA, the JTWC, and/or PAGASA. Peak wind speeds are in one-minute sustained standards unless otherwise noted. All damage figures will be in 1975 USD. Damages and deaths from a storm will include when the storm was a precursor wave or an extratropical low. |- | Lola (Auring) || 750120 January 20 – 28 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|130 130 km/h (80 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0975 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) || Philippines || Unknown || 30 || |- | 02W || 750422 April 22 – 28 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|055 55 km/h (35 mph) || bgcolor=#TD|1004 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) || Philippines || 0 None || 0 None || |- | TD || 750428 April 28 – 30 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1008 1008 hPa (29.77 inHg) || Philippines || 0 None || 0 None || |- | TD || 750616 June 16 – 19 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|0998 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) || South China, Vietnam || 0 None || 0 None || |- | TD || 750704 July 4 – 6 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1004 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) || None || 0 None || 0 None || |- | TD || 750704 July 4 – 5 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1008 1008 hPa (29.77 inHg) || Mariana Islands || 0 None || 0 None || |- | TD || 750723 July 23 – 26 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1012 1012 hPa (29.89 inHg) || None || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Mamie || 750724 July 24 – 30 || bgcolor=#TS|1 Tropical storm || bgcolor=#TS|075 75 km/h (45 mph) || bgcolor=#TS|0992 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) || Japan || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Nina (Bebeng) || 750730 July 30 – August 5 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|250 250 km/h (155 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0900 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) || Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, East China || 1200000000 $ || 229000 || |- | 05W (Karing) || 750804 August 4 – 7 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|055 55 km/h (35 mph) || bgcolor=#TD|0998 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) || Taiwan || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Ora (Diding) || 750809 August 9 – 15 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|250 250 km/h (155 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0900 900 hPa (28.79 inHg) || Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, East China || None || None || |- | TD || 750809 August 9 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1000 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) || Philippines || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Rita || 750809 August 9 – 24 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|150 150 km/h (90 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0965 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) || China, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Japan || 114000000 $ || 33 || |- | Phyllis || 750812 August 12 – 18 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|220 220 km/h (140 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0920 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) || Japan || 37000000 $ || 88 || |- | TD || 750814 August 14 – 17 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|0996 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) || Ryukyu Islands || 0 None || 0 None || |- | TD || 750823 August 23 – 26 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1000 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) || South China, Vietnam || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Susan || 750825 August 25 – September 3 || bgcolor=#STS|2 Severe tropical storm || bgcolor=#STS|095 95 km/h (60 mph) || bgcolor=#STS|0985 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) || Japan || None || None|| |- | TD || 750827 August 27 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1004 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) || None || 0 None || 0 None || |- | TD || 750828 August 28 – 31 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1000 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) || South China, Vietnam || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Tess || 750901 September 1 – 10 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|175 175 km/h (110 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0945 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) || None || None || None || |- | Viola (Gening) || 750904 September 4 – 8 || bgcolor=#TS|1 Tropical storm || bgcolor=#TS|085 85 km/h (50 mph) || bgcolor=#TS|0996 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) || None || 0 None || 0 None || |- | TD || 750906 September 6 – 9 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1000 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) || Vietnam, Laos || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Winnie || 750908 September 8 – 12 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|120 120 km/h (75 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0980 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) || None || None || None || |- | TD || 750912 September 12 – 14 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1012 1012 hPa (29.89 inHg) || None || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Alice (Herming) || 750915 September 15 – 21 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|140 140 km/h (85 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0970 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) || Philippines, South China, Vietnam, Laos || Unknown || Unknown || |- | Betty (Ising) || 750917 September 17 – 24 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|175 175 km/h (110 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0950 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) || Taiwan, East China || Unknown || Unknown || |- | TD || 750923 September 23 – 24 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1004 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) || None || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Cora (Luding) || 750929 September 29 – October 7 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|195 195 km/h (120 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0945 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) || Ryukyu Islands, Japan || None || None || |- | Doris || 751002 October 2 – 8 || bgcolor=#STS|2 Severe tropical storm || bgcolor=#STS|100 100 km/h (65 mph) || bgcolor=#STS|0985 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) || China || Unknown || Unknown || |- | Elsie (Mameng) || 751008 October 8 – 15 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|250 250 km/h (155 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0900 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) || Philippines, Taiwan, South China || Unknown || Unknown || |- | 18W || 751015 October 15 – 16 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 45 km/h (30 mph) || bgcolor=#TD|1002 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) || Taiwan || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Flossie (Neneng) || 751017 October 17 – 23 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|130 130 km/h (80 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0970 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) || Philippines, South China || Unknown || 44 || |- | Grace (Oyang) || 751023 October 23 – November 2 || bgcolor=#STS|2 Severe tropical storm || bgcolor=#STS|110 110 km/h (70 mph) || bgcolor=#STS|0985 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) || None || None || None || |- | TD || 751025 October 25 – 27 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|045 Not specified || bgcolor=#TD|1006 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) || Mariana Islands || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Helen (Pepang) || 751101 November 1 – 4 || bgcolor=#TS|1 Tropical storm || bgcolor=#TS|085 85 km/h (50 mph) || bgcolor=#TS|1000 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) || Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia || 0 None || 0 None || |- | Ida || 751105 November 5 – 11 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|155 155 km/h (100 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0950 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) || Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands || None || None || |- | June (Rosing) || 751116 November 16 – 24 || bgcolor=#TY|3 Typhoon || bgcolor=#TY|295 295 km/h (185 mph) || bgcolor=#TY|0875 875 hPa (25.84 inHg) || Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands || 1300000 $1.3 million || None || |- | 25W || 751225 December 25 – 30 || bgcolor=#TS|1 Tropical storm || bgcolor=#TS|055 55 km/h (35 mph) || bgcolor=#TS|0996 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) || Philippines || 0 None || 0 None || |- | 24W (Sisang) || 751226 December 26 – 30 || bgcolor=#TD|0 Tropical depression || bgcolor=#TD|055 55 km/h (35 mph) || bgcolor=#TD|1002 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) || Philippines || 0 None || 0 None || |- 39 systems January 20 – December 30, 1975 295 km/h (185 mph) 875 hPa (25.84 inHg) >1351000000 $ >229,135 See also Tropical cyclones 1975 Pacific hurricane season 1975 Atlantic hurricane season 1975 North Indian Ocean cyclone season Australian cyclone seasons: 1974–75, 1975–76 South Pacific cyclone seasons: 1974–75, 1975–76 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 1974–75, 1975–76 References External links Japan Meteorological Agency Joint Typhoon Warning Center https://web.archive.org/web/20100301105349/http://www.usno.navy.mil/JTWC 2010-03-01 . China Meteorological Agency National Weather Service Guam Hong Kong Observatory Macau Meteorological Geophysical Services Korea Meteorological Agency Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Taiwan Central Weather Bureau Digital Typhoon - Typhoon Images and Information Typhoon2000 Philippine typhoon website 1970 Pacific typhoon 1975