14-inch M1920 railway gun

September 2010 September 2010 October 2024 December 2017 14in-railway-gun-M1920-CAJ192211.jpg 300 Diagram showing gun barrel in the elevated position. United States Railway gun yes yes yes 1925 1946 United States World War II 1920 Watervliet Arsenal 1925 4 Tube and recoil band: 230,000 lbs 18.1 m 1 off us Separate loading, HE, and AP 14 in 4 on 1 rpm 2650 ft/s m/s 3 48,220 yd m Hand Interrupted screw, (step-cut) Hydro-pneumatic Railway truck, 14 axles 50° fixed, 19° on track 7° on track, 360° fixed 14-inch M1920 railway gun The 14-inch M1920 railway gun was the last model railway gun to be deployed by the United States Army. It was an upgrade of the US Navy 14"/50 caliber railway gun. Only four were deployed; two in the Harbor Defenses of Los Angeles and two in the Panama Canal Zone, where they could be shifted between the harbor defenses of Cristobal (Atlantic) or Balboa (Pacific). History After the close of World War I, the US Army wanted to incorporate the lessons learned from other railway gun mounts and fulfill coastal artillery requirements for hitting a moving target. An effort to design a more universal mount for the Navy's Mk. IV 14"/50 caliber gun was undertaken.October 2024 The primary difference from the earlier Navy versions lies in the M1920 carriage, which could be raised and lowered. Prepositioned fixed mounts were installed at the forts, and the gun's rail trucks could be taken out from under the frame. After the removal of the rail trucks, the gun was lowered and bolted onto a pivot point for rapid 360 degree movement, necessary for tracking ships in coast defense. The M1920 carriage made the gun much more flexible. It allowed for the standard practice of using a curved piece of rail to traverse the gun, and it enabled the gun to be used in a fixed position.Berhow, Mark A., Ed. (2004). American Seacoast Defenses, A Reference Guide, Second Edition. CDSG Press. 0-9748167-0-1. Two guns were deployed to Fort MacArthur in the Harbor Defenses of Los Angeles, with firing platforms at Fort MacArthur and Long Beach. The remaining two guns were deployed to Fort Grant and Fort Randolph in the Panama Canal Zone. The two guns deployed to the Panama Canal Zone could be moved to either coast on the Panama Canal Railway. After World War Two ended, the threat of a massive war was over and the United States scrapped these weapons as well.Military Railroads on the Panama Canal Zone by Charles S. Small, Railroad monographs 1982 Models The Mk.IV gun was manufactured in two models: M1920MI centerline of breechblock mechanism canted 16 degrees counterclockwise to fit recoil band M1920MII breech mechanism is set straight in relation to axis of tube. Sighting and fire control equipment The following sighting equipment was used with the gun: bore sight firing tables- 14-m-1, 14-e-3, 14-g-2. M1 fire adjustment board M1 generating unit (mounted on the forward railway truck) M1 gunners quadrant M1 plotting and relocating board M1 prediction scale M1A1 height finder M1A1 range correction board M7 spotting board M8 helium filling kit M1910 azimuth instrument M1912A1 clinometer M1917MI panoramic telescope M1918 aiming rule M1922 panoramic telescope Support cars M1 powder car M1 projectile car M2 fire control car M1918 repair car Fate All four guns were cut up for scrap in 1946. Gallery See also 14"/50 caliber railway gun US World War I predecessor Angular mil Coast Artillery fire control system Coincidence rangefinder Gun laying Indirect fire List of U.S. Army weapons by supply catalog designation Railway gun Sound ranging References Bibliography Berhow Mark A. American Seacoast Defenses, A Reference Guide Second CDSG Press 2004 0-9748167-0-1 McGovern, Terrance and Smith, Bolling, American Coastal Defences 1885–1950 (Fortress series, Book 44), Osprey Publishing 2006, 1-8417692-2-3 Military Railroads on the Panama Canal Zone by Charles S. Small, Railroad monographs 1982 Miller H. W. Railway Artillery II US Government Printing Office 1921 Washington https://archive.org/stream/cu31924092701766#page/n7/mode/2up 169–186 (Vol. I at this link) J. C. Letts, Walker Redmon: Heavy Railway Artillery Transportation. in: The Military Engineer. Vol. 18, No. 100, 1926, 7852953789, p. 268–269 TM 9-2300 Standard Artillery and Fire Control Material. dated 1944 FM 4-35 Service of the Piece; 14-inch Gun, M1920MII on Railway Mount, M1920 (1940) SNL E-9 SNL E-33 Coast Artillery Journal December 1929 American Coast Artillery Materiel 1922 (extensive manufacturing information) Coast Artillery Journal March April 1934 External links "Gun Train Guards Ends of Panama Canal -- Rolling Fort Crosses Isthmus in Two Hours" Popular Mechanics, December 1934 pp.844-845 excellent drawings in article FortWiki gun type list Category:356 mm artillery Category:Artillery of the United States Category:Coastal artillery Category:Railway guns Category:World War II artillery of the United States Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1920s