1902 Sevenoaks by-election

UK parliamentary by-election April 2022 The 1902 Sevenoaks by-election was held on 21 August 1902 after the appointment of the incumbent Conservative MP Henry Forster as Lord Commissioner of the Treasury. The seat was retained by Forster. Vacancy Under the provisions of the Succession to the Crown Act 1707 and a number of subsequent Acts, MPs appointed to certain ministerial and legal offices were at this time required to seek re-election.F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918; Macmillan Press, 1974 p. xiv The by-election in Sevenoaks was caused by the appointment on 8 August 1902 of the sitting Conservative MP, Henry Forster as Lords Commissioners of the Treasury. Candidates thumb|120px|Forster The incumbent, Henry Forster was the candidate for the Conservative party. Beaumont Morice was adopted as the Liberal Party candidate at a meeting of the Sevenoaks liberal council on 13 August 1902. Morice was Recorder of Hythe, and lived in Kent. He had unsuccessfully contested the Wells division of Somerset in 1892 and 1895.Election intelligence 14 August 1902 4 36846 Issues Education Following the successful campaign in the Leeds North by-election in July 1902, Morice spent much of the election on the government's plans for an Education Bill to replace school boards with local education authorities, which included proposals to bring church schools into the public system. Many Liberals were strongly nonconformist and the idea that Church of England and Roman Catholic schools should be funded from the rates, a form of local taxation, was anathema to them. It provided the battle slogan 'Rome on the Rates' and united the party against the government.David Dutton, A History of the Liberal Party in the Twentieth Century; Palgrave Macmillan, 2004 p14 In an address to the electorate, Morice argued that the government "had no mandate whatever to the destroy the School Board system of the country, which has worked with such splendid results for so many years."Election intelligence 18 August 1902 4 36849 Forster and the Conservative party had not intended to spend much time on the education issue, but was forced to actively defend the proposal in various speeches. He argued to ″entrust all matters relating to secular education to the local education authorities″,Election intelligence 15 August 1902 8 36847 stating it would be a "great improvement upon our present system". Two days before the election, the issue had rattled the governing Conservatives enough to provoke an open letter from the Prime Minister Arthur Balfour to Forster and his constituents, leading to a similar response from Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, the Liberal party leader.Election intelligence 20 August 1902 7 36851 Other issues Morice also raised the issue of the corn tax, stating that it was a "heavy and unnecessary burden on the working classes". Forster barely mentioned this issue, dismissing it as a small registration duty not worth discussing. Forster used the recent peace following the Second Boer War in South Africa to mobilize government supporters, and argued that the work of reform and improvement should be entrusted to those who had been responsible for the Army and Navy during the last years. The Sevenoaks Licensed Victuallers' Association submitted questions to both candidates, and on 15 August unanimously resolved to support Forster.Election intelligence 16 August 1902 8 36848 In response, the Liberals claimed to have the united support of the teetotal section of the electorate. Result Forster retained the seat by a 9% majority, but the Liberal party had an impressive increase of 24% from the previous election. Sevenoaks by-election, 1902Craig, 1974The Liberal Year Book, 1907Election intelligence 23 August 1902 4 36854 Conservative Party (UK) Henry Forster 5,333 54.6 -24.1 Liberal Party (UK) Beaumont Morice 4,442 45.4 +24.1 891 9.2 -48.2 9,775 63.4 +6.9 Conservative Party (UK) -24.1 References Category:By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Kent constituencies Category:August 1902 in the United Kingdom Category:Sevenoaks Category:1902 elections in the United Kingdom Category:1902 in England Category:1900s in Kent