1795 French legislative election

none December 2024 parliamentary 1797 French legislative election 12–21 October 1795 First French Republic 1795 1792 French National Convention election 1792 1797 One-third of the seats in the Council of Five Hundred and the Council of Ancients 130x130px Thermidorians no Thermidorians Paul Barras directeur.jpg Paul Barras 63 Clichyens Mathieu Dumas Louise Adélaïde Desnos, née Robin (1807-1870) - Le général Comte Dumas (1753-1837).jpg 54 Royalists Comte de Vaublanc.JPG Vincent-Marie Viénot de Vaublanc 33 Legislative elections were held in France between 12 and 21 October 1795 (20 to 29 Vendémiaire, Year IV) to elect one-third of the members of the Council of Five Hundred and the Council of Ancients, the lower and upper houses of the legislature. The elections were held in accordance with the Constitution of the Year III and the first under the French Directory. Background During the summer of 1795, following the Thermidorian Reaction, members of the National Assembly began working on a new constitution that would not favour any certain party or group, while providing more support to centrists and moderates (later becoming the Plain) and avoiding any extreme use of power seen during the Reign of Terror of Maximilien Robespierre. Under the Constitution of the Year III, the Directory (Directoire) was established, which was a mix of the two former constitutions (1791 and 1793). The Directory was split into two branches (upper house, the Council of Ancients made up of independent senior politicians; and the lower house, the Council of Five Hundred, which was elected by land owning tax paying men), with a third executive (the Directory Body). The new system is seen by many historians as imitating the British parliamentary system, while expanding on what is now known as the French system of a separate executive and assembly, which work in conjunction (this being a mix of parliamentary and presidential known as semi-presidentialism).Woronoff 2004 40–422021 Histoire – 8 périodes – 1795-1799: Le Conseil des Anciens https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http://www.senat.fr/histoire/conseil_anciens.html live https://web.archive.org/web/20211107180028/https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http://www.senat.fr/histoire/conseil_anciens.html 7 November 2021 13 December 2024 Sénat fr With the approaching election, the Royalists (known collectively as the Monarchists) hope to take advantage of the elections and see a return to the monarchy and campaign together in many regions. Fearing a monarchist outcome, the Republicans (Jacobins, Thermidorians, and the Montagnards) passed a law, known as the two-thirds decree, which saw each of houses of the directory contain those many members from the convention. Following the 13 Vendémiaire royalist insurrection, the two-thirds principle became a hated law by members of the royalist and anti-radical parties.Bertaud 2004 282Woronoff 2004 42–43 Results 1795 began seeing a large swing in support of constitutional royalists, now known as Clichyens, named after the Clichy Club, especially following the Reign of Terror and failures of the government of the French Constitution of 1793. Although the Royalists disagreed on who they would want to see as the proper pretender to the throne, they in fact agreed that legally being elected would be the only means which they would re-establish the monarchy; they would then call for the dissolution of the Directory but see the recreation of the French Constitution of 1791 with a new National Assembly. The Royalists were also divided on the future, with the Absolutists (later known as the Ultra-Royalists) preferring a return to the absolute ancien régime under Louis, Count of Provence (future Louis XVIII), and supported the now two-year old Quiberon expedition. The Constitutionalists (later represented by the Orléanists and known as the Liberals or Doctrinaires) favoured a constitutional monarchy supporting individual rights and property in addition to freedoms and fair elections. The constitutionalists later began meeting at the Clichy Club, hence the new name, in addition to their nickname, the Clichyens.Woronoff 2004 69Le Bozec 2014 93 250px Thermidorians 63 Thermidorians Clichyens 54 Royalists 33 Election-PolitiqueElection-Politique References Works cited Bertaud Jean Paul La Révolution française 2004 Perrin Paris 978-2-262-02305-8 Le Bozec Christine La Première République, 1792 – 1799 Éditions Perrin 2014 978-2-262-04091-8 Paris, France 871312113 Woronoff Denis La République bourgeoise de Thermidor à Brumaire 1794-1799 Éditions du Seuil 2004 978-2-7578-4670-4 France 1191043797 Legislative Category:1795 events of the French Revolution Category:18th-century elections in France Category:French Directory Category:Legislative elections in France