1982 Kiribati presidential election

First I-Kiribati presidential election July 2024 July 2024 Kiribati presidential 1978 Gilbertese Chief Minister election 1978 1983 Kiribati presidential election 1983 4 May 1982 82.4% ( 8.9pp) Ieremia Tabai (cropped).png 48.7% File:Teatao Teannaki 2014 (cropped).jpg 28.5% 12.3% 10.5% dcdcdc dcdcdc dcdcdc dcdcdc President Ieremia Tabai Ieremia Tabai Ieremia Tabai Teatao Teannaki Etera Teangana Naboua Ratieta Home island Nonouti Abaiang 100px File:Etera Teangana (cropped).jpg 3x4.svg South Tarawa Marakei File:1982 Kiribati presidential election margin of victory map.svg Map of margin of victory by constituency Kiribati held its first presidential election as an independent nation on 4 May 1982. The incumbent president, Ieremia Tabai, who had been elected while the nation was under colonial rule, won re-election with 48.7% of the vote. He placed ahead of his vice-president Teatao Teannaki, opposition leader Naboua Ratieta, and pro-labour member of parliament Etera Teangana. The candidates were chosen by the parliament of Kiribati; an alliance of pro-government and independent members of parliament nominated Tabai and Teannaki, while an alliance of opposition and pro-labour members of parliament nominated Ratieta and Teangana. The election had a turnout of 82.5 percent of registered voters. Among the issues of the election were a major strike that had taken place in 1980 and a religious divide between Protestants and Catholics, with allegations that Tabai's government was favouring Protestants. Although this was the second time Tabai was elected, it initiated his first full term in independent Kiribati. Tabai's victory only lasted until the end of 1982, when a motion of no confidence dissolved his government and triggered new elections. Background Ieremia Tabai was elected chief minister of the Gilbert Islands in 1978,Somoza 2001 682 and he became the president of Kiribati upon the nation's independence the following year.Somoza 2001 674 South Tarawa, the capital of Kiribati, had been subject to major strikes since 1974 that had a serious effect on the area's ability to function. Unskilled workers protested low wages that had declined relative to those in the public sector.Macdonald 1983 65–66 Another labour dispute began in August 1979, led by the labour union Botaki ni Karikirakean Aroia Taan Makuri. A strike began in 1980 that eventually became violent.Van Trease 1993 52, 54 200 workers lost their jobs, and one was injured by police. The government lost much of its support in the city.Macdonald 1983 66 A pro-labour political movement developed over the following years, organising in South Tarawa and getting its members into the Betio Town Council. They tried to gain influence beyond South Tarawa, but they were unpopular elsewhere in Kiribati for the shipping and communication delays that the strikers had caused.Van Trease 1993 54 The 1982 parliamentary election was held on 26 March and 1 April. The government found itself in a weaker position than before, as only eleven of its nineteen supporters were re-elected.Van Trease 1993 54 Candidates The new parliament voted to determine who would appear on the presidential ballot, choosing Naboua Ratieta, Ieremia Tabai, Etera Teangana, and Teatao Teannaki.Van Trease 1993 55 Unlike the 1978 election for chief minister, the selection process introduced a preferential voting system. This was a response to the organised voting in 1978 that had led to four ideologically similar candidates being placed on the ballot.Somoza 2001 676 The votes were allotted as points, and the four highest scoring nominees were placed on the ballot: Teannaki had the most with 70 points, followed by Tabai with 67, Ratieta with 45, and Teangana with 43.Macdonald 1983 68–69 The government on its own did not have enough votes in parliament to get both Tabai and Teannaki on the ballot, but they were able to do so with the support of independent members of parliament. Teangana's pro-labour faction aligned with Ratieta and his supporters so they would collectively have enough votes to get both of their respective candidates on the ballot.Van Trease 1993 55 Tabai was the member of parliament for Nonouti,Van Trease 1993 18 and the incumbent president.Macdonald 1983 66 He governed through a philosophy of frugality and self-sufficiency, implementing a national development plan to encourage development and limit government spending.Van Trease 1993 50 Prior to the election, Tabai's government implemented a primary health care system and endorsed subsistence farming as a means for the outer islands to support themselves.Van Trease 1993 52 His government was seen as a "people's government" by his supporters.Macdonald 1983 66 Teannaki was the member of parliament for Abaiang and the incumbent vice-president.Macdonald 1983 68 Tabai had chosen Teannaki as vice-president in July 1979,Macdonald 1983 65 and they were allies in the 1982 election.Van Trease 1993 55 Teannaki also held the position of Minister for Home Affairs.PIM 1982 20 Ratieta was the member of the parliament for Marakei, who held his own group of supporters in parliament.Van Trease 1993 55 He had been chief minister before Tabai but was kept off the ballot by his opponents in the 1978 election.Van Trease 1993 18 Since then, he had been the informal leader of the opposition.Macdonald 1983 67 Teangana was newly elected as the member of parliament for South Tarawa, gaining support as a pro-labour candidate.Van Trease 1993 54 Before entering politics, he had been a teacher at the University of the South Pacific.Macdonald 1983 69 Campaign The election was the first opportunity for voters to evaluate the performance of Tabai's government regarding the 1980 strike and other issues. The strike proved to be a major issue as Tabai sought re-election.Van Trease 1993 54 The government's handling of independence negotiations and the post-independence economy brought short-term stability to the nation, though it was blamed for a drop in the price of copra, which decreased from 17 cents per pound to only 10.Macdonald 1983 66 A religious divide opened during the campaign, and many Catholics believed that the government had been showing favouritism towards the Kiribati Protestant Church. Religious leaders were accused of campaigning for their preferred candidates despite their nominally apolitical positions.Van Trease 1993 55 Results The election was held on 4 May with a turnout of 82.4% of registered voters.Somoza 2001 679–680 Tabai was the favourite to win, and he was re-elected with 48.7% of the vote. Between Tabai's and Teannaki's shares of the vote, 77.2% of voters supported a candidate from the ruling government. Of the twenty-three constituencies, Tabai won in eighteen and Teannaki won in four. Ratieta won only in his home constituency, where he received the majority of his votes. Teangana failed to gain a majority in any constituency.Van Trease 1993 55 Ieremia Tabai 48.7 Teatao Teannaki 28.5 Etera Teangana 12.3 Naboua Ratieta 10.5 82.4 SomozaSomoza 2001 682 By constituency +Vote share percentage by constituencyVan Trease 1993 53ConstituencyTabaiTeannakiTeanganaRatietaAbaiang6.191.81.50.6Abemama57.928.26.97.0Aranuka55.237.94.42.5Arorae97.31.60.40.7Banaba61.325.83.29.7Beru73.515.19.61.8Betio47.528.715.38.5Butaritari30.245.15.719.0Kiritimati38.811.935.314.0Kuria54.128.212.35.4Maiana48.126.917.57.5Makin41.951.03.33.8Marakei5.05.31.788.0Nikunau62.414.722.90.0Nonouti84.212.31.71.8North Tarawa21.642.723.412.3Onotoa83.211.44.11.3Tabiteuea North63.215.219.62.0Tabiteuea South83.08.27.01.8Tabuaeran45.816.817.619.8Tamana93.01.15.20.7TUC Teinainano Urban Council40.824.027.37.9Teraina73.215.43.38.1Total48.728.512.310.5 Aftermath Tabai was re-elected with a weaker government, holding only 17 of parliament's 36 seats. His term was short-lived, as his government was dissolved by a motion of no confidence in December 1982.Van Trease 1993 56 A new election was held in 1983, resulting in another Tabai victory and an increase to 19 seats in his government.Somoza 2001 676 He was re-elected again in the 1987 election.Somoza 2001 683 A legal challenge in 1987 effectively made the 1982 election the first time he was elected president.Van Trease 1993 65–66Somoza 2001 675 This was because his 1978 election under the colonial government was determined to be separate from his presidential elections, and he succeeded to the presidency upon independence.Ghai Cottrell 1990 70 Teannaki was a candidate in the 1983 and 1987 elections before winning in the 1991 election.Somoza 2001 682 Notes References Ghai Yash P. https://archive.org/details/headsofstateinpa0000ghai/ registration Heads of State in the Pacific: A Legal and Constitutional Analysis Cottrell Jill 1990 Institute of Pacific Studies of the University of the South Pacific 978-982-02-0017-3 Ieremia Tabai re-elected 1 June 1982 https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-340144305/view?sectionId=nla.obj-347925015&searchTerm=tabai&partId=nla.obj-340156088#page/n19/ Pacific Islands Monthly 53 6 20 PIM 1982 Macdonald Barrie 1983 Elections in Kiribati https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/003231878303500104 subscription Political Science 35 1 58–70 10.1177/003231878303500104 0032-3187 Somoza Alexander Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook: Volume II: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific 2001 Oxford University Press 9780191600012 Nohlen Dieter Kiribati https://academic.oup.com/book/36353/chapter/319884688 subscription Grotz Florian Hartmann Christof 673–686 Van Trease Howard Atoll Politics: The Republic of Kiribati https://books.google.com/books?id=7rg-swcHq9QC 1993 Macmillan Brown Centre for Pacific Studies 978-0-9583300-0-8 Kiribati Presidential Category:Presidential elections in Kiribati Category:Non-partisan elections in Kiribati Category:Election and referendum articles with incomplete results