1830 Cixian earthquake

Earthquake in China 1830 Cixian earthquake China Hebei#China yes 1830 06 12 s yes 7.5, w yes 7.4 36.4 114.2 region:ID_type:event inline,titlehttps://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/1740 Significant Earthquake Information National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. 1972 10.7289/V5TD9V7K National Geophysical Data Center Strike-slip Tangshan–Heijian–Cixian Fault Qing Dynasty X 7,477 dead The region of Zhili (modern day Hebei province) was struck by a major earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 7.5 s yes or 7.4 w yes on June 12, 1830. The epicentre was close to Cixian, which suffered the most severe damage. A total of 7,477 people died as a result of the earthquake. Tectonic setting Cixian lies close to the western edge of the North China Basin, a rift basin that formed during the Eocene. Since the Pliocene, the active tectonics have been dominated by right-lateral strike-slip faulting.Chen W.-P. Nábelek J. 1988 Seismogenic strike-slip faulting and the development of the North China Basin https://www.researchgate.net/publication/248816287 Tectonics 7 5 975–989 10.1029/TC007i005p00975 1988Tecto...7..975C The two largest and most active of the fault zones are the Sanhe–Laishui Fault and the Tangshan–Heijian–Cixian Fault. The latter fault has been associated with many major historical earthquakes, including the 1976 Tangshan earthquake and the 1966 Xingtai earthquakes.Yin A. Yu X. Shen Z.-K. Liu-Zeng J. 2014 A possible seismic gap and high earthquake hazard in the North China Basin https://www1.cugb.edu.cn/uploadCms/file/20600/papers_upload/20161013165509184889.pdf Geology 43 1 19–22 10.1130/G35986.1 2021-11-08 2021-11-08 https://web.archive.org/web/20211108215040/https://www1.cugb.edu.cn/uploadCms/file/20600/papers_upload/20161013165509184889.pdf dead Earthquake Based on macroseismic data the earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 7.5 s or 7.4 w. The maximum perceived intensity reached X (extreme) on the Modified Mercalli scale. Surface rupture interpreted to be caused by this earthquake reached about 45 km in length. The earthquake is interpreted to have ruptured the southernmost segment of the Tangshan–Heijian–Cixian Fault.Cheng J. Rong Y. Magistrale H. Chen G. Xu X. 2020 Earthquake rupture scaling relations for mainland China https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337410978 Seismological Research Letters 91 1 248–261 10.1785/0220190129 2020SeiRL..91..248C 213320484 Damage In Cixian, between 80 and 90% of all buildings collapsed and 200,000 houses were destroyed. In Pengcheng, part of a temple was the only building left standing. More than half the buildings in Cheng'an collapsed. Part of the city walls in Handan were destroyed as were many houses. Severe damage was also reported from Fengfeng, Linzhang, Anyang, Wu'an, Linxian, Tangyin, Huixian, Xiuwu, Xinxiang, Huojia, Shexian and Nanle. There were widespread reports of ground fissuring and sandblows. The flow of some rivers and canals was affected. Landslides were reported near Pengcheng. Casualties In Cixian 5,485 inhabitants were killed in the earthquake and a further 1,700 were killed or injured in Pengcheng. Deaths were also reported from Cheng'an (many), Handan and nearby villages (488). A total of 7,477 deaths was recorded. References Category:June 1830 Category:Earthquakes in Hebei Category:1830 earthquakes Category:1830 in China Category:1830s disasters in Asia Category:19th-century disasters in China Category:Strike-slip earthquakes