16-inch/45-caliber gun

16"/45 caliber Mark 1, 5, and 8 USS Colorado (BB-45) overhead view 1932.jpg Colorado BB-45, steams through rough seas, circa 1932, with her 16"/45 caliber gun turrets aimed to starboard. United States Naval gun YES YES 1921–1947 United States Navy World War II Bureau of Ordnance *Mark 1: 1913 Mark 5: 1935 *U.S. Naval Gun Factory Bethlehem Steel Watervliet Arsenal 1914–1920 * Type Gun (45 cal): 1 (prototype) Mark 1: 40 (Gun Nos. 2–41) Marks 1, 5, and 8 *230948 lb kg on (without breech) 235796 lb kg on (with breech) 61 ft 4 in m on 60 ft 0 in m on bore (45 calibers) *AP Mark 3: 2110 lb kg on armor-piercing (AP) (Mark 1 gun) AP Mark 5: 2240 lb kg on AP (Mark 5 and 8 guns) HC Marks 13 and 14: 1900 lb kg on High explosive (HC) (Mark 5 and 8 guns) 16 in mm 3 1.5 round per minute *AP Mark 3: 2,600 ft/s m/s on AP Mark 5: 2520 ft/s m/s on Full Charge HC Marks 13 and 14: 2635 ft/s m/s on Full Charge AP Mark 5: 1935 ft/s m/s on Reduced Charge HC Marks 13 and 14: 2075 ft/s m/s on Reduced Charge *AP Mark 3: 22900 yd m 0 on at 15° elevation AP Mark 5: 23000 yd m 0 on at 15° elevation *AP Mark 3: 34300 yd m 0 on at 30° elevation AP Mark 5: 35000 yd m 0 on at 30° elevation -4° to +30° 300° max/280° min The 16"/45 caliber gun (spoken "sixteen-inch-forty-five-caliber") was used for the main batteries of the last class of Standard-type battleships for the United States Navy, the Colorado battleship 0. These guns promised twice the muzzle energy over the Mark 7 12-inch/50 caliber guns of the Wyoming battleship and a 50% increase over the 14-inch/45 caliber guns of the New York battleship 0, Nevada battleship 0, and Pennsylvania battleships.http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_16-45_mk1.php United States of America 16"/45 (40.6 cm) Mark 1 Navweaps 22 April 2015 9 June 2016 Design The 16-inch gun was a built-up gun constructed in a length of 45 calibers. The Mark 1 had an A tube, jacket, liner, and seven hoops, four locking rings and a screw-box liner. When the gun was designed in August 1913 it was referred to as the "Type Gun (45 Cal.)" as an effort to conceal the gun's true size of 16 inches. Gun No. 1, the prototype, was proof fired in July 1914, less than a year after it was designed. After some minor changes the gun was re-proofed in May 1916 with production approved in January 1917, for Gun Nos. 2–41. Bethlehem Steel was given a contract for 20 guns and an additional 20 castings were ordered from Watervliet Arsenal for assembly at the US Naval Gun Factory at the Washington Navy Yard.https://books.google.com/books?id=yh3OAwAAQBAJ Naval Weapons of World War One Seaforth Publishing Friedman, Norman 2011 157–158 978-1-84832-100-7 Upgrade The Mark 1 guns were upgraded to Marks 5 and 8 in the late 1930s. The Mark 5s have a larger chamber to permit larger charges and a new liner with a heavier taper carbon steel along with a liner locking ring and locking collar. The Mark 8, similar to the Mark 5, had a uniform rifling with a chromium plated bore for increased life.http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_16-45_mk5.htm United States of America 16"/45 (40.6 cm) Mark 5 and Mark 8 Navweaps 4 May 2015 9 June 2016 Naval service + Ships with 16-inch/45-caliber gun installed Ship Gun Installed Gun Mount Colorado BB-45Guns: 16"/45 caliberTurrets: 4 × Two-gun turrets Maryland BB-46Guns: 16"/45 caliberTurrets: 4 × Two-gun turrets Washington BB-47 (cancelled 1922)Guns: 16"/45 caliberTurrets: 4 × Two-gun turrets West Virginia BB-48Guns: 16"/45 caliberTurrets: 4 × Two-gun turrets See also List of naval guns Weapons of comparable role, performance and era 16-inch/45-caliber Mark 6 gun : successor designed just before WWII BL 16 inch Mk I naval gun : British equivalent 41 cm/45 3rd Year Type naval gun : Japanese equivalent References External links Bluejackets Manual, 1917, 4th revision: US Navy 14-inch Mark 1 gun June 2017 Category:Naval guns of the United States Category:400 mm artillery Category: Military equipment introduced in the 1920s