1932 Liechtenstein general election

none Liechtenstein 19281930 (by-elections) 1936 6 March 1932 (first round)13 March 1932 (second round) 1932 Liechtenstein general election All 15 seats in the Landtag 92.59% ( 0.50pp) 8 Progressive Citizens' Party Josef Hoop 13 11 Christian-Social People's Party (Liechtenstein) Wilhelm Beck 2 4 |200px Results by municipality. Blue denotes municipalities won by the FBP and red those won by the VP. Prime Minister Josef Hoop Progressive Citizens' Party Josef Hoop Progressive Citizens' Party 1921 60.67 39.33 List of members of the Landtag of Liechtenstein (1932–1936) General elections were held in Liechtenstein on 6 and 13 March 1932 to elect the 15 members of the Landtag.Nohlen Stöver 2010 1164 The Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP) won thirteen seats and retained its majority in the Landtag, while the Christian-Social People's Party (VP) won two. Voter turnout was 92.6%. The elections took place under a new electoral system, which had been introduced in a referendum less than a month earlier. The VP, which was still weakened following the 1928 embezzlement scandal, conducted little campaigning and the election was largely seen as a foregone conclusion in favour of the FBP. Following the elections, the majority government led by prime minister Josef Hoop remained. It was the last election contested by the VP before it merged with the Liechtenstein Homeland Service (LHD) to form the Patriotic Union (VU) ahead of the 1936 elections. Background 1928 Liechtenstein general election 1930 Liechtenstein by-electionthumb|Josef Hoop, pictured in 1945In the 1928 elections, held following the 1928 embezzlement scandal, the Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP) won a majority of eleven seats, while the Christian-Social People's Party (VP) won four.Büchel Donat 31 December 2011 Sparkassaskandal https://historisches-lexikon.li/Sparkassaskandal live https://web.archive.org/web/20230815103617/https://historisches-lexikon.li/Sparkassaskandal 15 August 2023 17 May 2023 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein deNohlen Stöver 2010 1182 As a result, the FBP formed a majority government ultimately under the leadership of prime minister Josef Hoop.Mitglieder der Regierung des Fürstentums Liechtenstein 1862-2021 https://www.regierung.li/files/attachments/Regierungsmitglieder-1862-2021-stand-0421.pdf?t=638338392447228367 live https://web.archive.org/web/20240216125957/https://www.regierung.li/files/attachments/Regierungsmitglieder-1862-2021-stand-0421.pdf?t=638338392447228367 16 February 2024 15 February 2024 www.regierung.li de The government's term was marked by efforts to support economic recovery following the 1927 Rhine flood and the Great Depression from 1929;Büchel Donat Geiger Peter Peter Geiger Mayr Ulrike Merz Anna Niederstätter Alois Quaderer Rupert Rupert Quaderer 31 December 2011 Liechtenstein (Land) https://historisches-lexikon.li/Liechtenstein_(Land) live https://web.archive.org/web/20250602205738/https://historisches-lexikon.li/Liechtenstein_(Land) 2 June 2025 23 January 2025 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein deRisch 1959 12 this included encouraging the opening of new businesses, public works, and social protection policies.Geiger Peter Peter Geiger 31 December 2011 Hoop, Josef (1895–1959) https://historisches-lexikon.li/Hoop,_Josef_(1895–1959) live https://web.archive.org/web/20250602203159/https://historisches-lexikon.li/Hoop,_Josef_(1895–1959) 2 June 2025 26 October 2022 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein deHaidvogl Gertrud 31 December 2011 Binnenkanal Inland canal https://historisches-lexikon.li/Binnenkanal live https://web.archive.org/web/20250426184050/https://historisches-lexikon.li/Binnenkanal 26 April 2025 30 July 2023 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de Hoop's government was also responsible for approving and initiating the construction of the Liechtenstein inland canal in 1930, which was intended to create jobs and increase the amount of arable land in the country. In 1930, the VP members of the Landtag resigned as they believed that the Landtag elected in 1928 was a continuation of the term dictated in the April 1926 elections. As a result, a by-election was held (which the VP did not participate in) in which the FBP won the four seats, thus the party held all fifteen seats in the Landtag.Geiger 1997 305–306 The resignations were also intended to tactically support the upcoming VP-initiated referendum on the introduction of proportional representation, but primarily due to opposition from the FBP it was rejected by voters by a significant margin.Geiger 1997 306–309 Instead, an FBP-led initiative to replace the majority system with direct mandates from Liechtenstein's municipalities was approved via referendum less than a month before the 1932 elections; this electoral reform was intended to ensure that the interests of the municipalities were now directly represented in the Landtag.Geiger 1997 318–319 Electoral system Ten members of the Landtag were elected via direct mandates for one member representing each of Liechtenstein's eleven municipalities with a population equal to or larger than 300 (all except for Planken).Marxer Wilfried Frommelt Fabian 31 December 2011 Wahlsysteme https://historisches-lexikon.li/Wahlsysteme?marker=Gemeindewahlen 17 November 2024 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de Wilfried Marxer The remaining five members were elected via a national vote using a majority system, where the five candidates who received the most were elected.Vogt 1987 208 Landtag members sit for a four-year term.Vogt Paul Paul Vogt (historian) 31 December 2011 Landtag State parliament https://historisches-lexikon.li/Landtag 8 September 2026 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de Once formed, the Landtag elects the prime minister and two government councillors who govern in a cabinet. The prime minister is appointed for a six-year term, while government councillors sit a four-year term.Vogt Paul Paul Vogt (historian) 31 December 2011 Regierung https://historisches-lexikon.li/Regierung live https://web.archive.org/web/20230721135630/https://historisches-lexikon.li/Regierung 21 July 2023 13 January 2025 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de Government Only men aged 21 and above were eligible to vote.Marxer Wilfried Wilfried Marxer Frommelt Fabian 31 December 2011 Stimm- und Wahlrecht https://historisches-lexikon.li/Stimm-_und_Wahlrecht 28 July 2026 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein deFrick Julia 31 December 2011 Frauenstimm- und -wahlrecht https://historisches-lexikon.li/Frauenstimm-_und_-wahlrecht 7 December 2024 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de Campaign Both the FBP and VP campaigned primarily on their respective party newspapers − the Liechtensteiner Volksblatt and Liechtensteiner Nachrichten – and leaflets; unlike previous elections, the election campaign was calm. In the campaign, the FBP focused on the party's achievements in office and encouraged voters to elect men of "moral and economic seriousness". Additionally, the FBP continued to discredit the VP in connection to the 1928 embezzlement scandal, and also accused the party of being republican.Geiger 1997 321 The FBP had Georg Frick, president of the Liechtenstein Workers' Association, as a candidate in the election, as he was intended to represent the workers in the Landtag.Geiger 1997 322 The VP, on the other hand, conducted a timid campaign and did not attack the FBP on any issues, instead calling for reconciliation; the VP already considered the election lost and it was largely seen as a foregone conclusion in favour of the FBP.Geiger 1997 321 However, the VP indirectly accused the FBP of "vote buying".Geiger 1997 322 It was reported that the party found difficulty in finding candidates for the election; the party did not present its candidates for the national vote until the day of the election.Geiger 1997 322 Former President of the Landtag Wilhelm Beck, who had an ongoing inditement against him in connection to the embezzlement scandal, was particularly criticized by the FBP.Geiger 1997 321 Results The FBP won thirteen seats, a two seat decrease from their 1930 by-election number, but a two seat increase from their 1928 performance. The VP won two, an increase of two from 1930 but a decrease of two from 1928. Voter turnout was 92.6%.Nohlen Stöver 2010 1182 Municipal National Progressive Citizens' Party 1229 8 6294 5 13 +2 Christian-Social People's Party 845 2 4335 0 2 –2 2173 2347 Nohlen & Stöver, VogtVogt 1987 208 File:Liechtenstein Landtag 1932.svg Municipal vote MunicipalityPartyElected memberVotesBalzersChristian-Social People's PartyBasil Vogt184Progressive Citizens' PartyGebhard Brunhart Gebhard Brunhart de Gebhard Brunhart122EschenProgressive Citizens' PartyFranz Josef Marxer (politician, born 1871) Franz Josef Marxer de Franz Josef Marxer120Christian-Social People's PartyJohann Georg Hasler72GamprinProgressive Citizens' PartyWilhelm Näscher55Christian-Social People's PartyJosef Marxer34MaurenProgressive Citizens' PartyEmil Batliner186Christian-Social People's Party——RuggellProgressive Citizens' PartyFranz Xaver Hoop79Christian-Social People's PartyAnton Biedermann55SchaanProgressive Citizens' PartyFerdinand Risch207Christian-Social People's PartyEdmund Risch91SchellenbergProgressive Citizens' PartyPhilipp Elkuch44Christian-Social People's PartyAdolf Goop30TriesenProgressive Citizens' PartyAdolf Frommelt139Christian-Social People's PartyGebhard Banzer98TriesenbergChristian-Social People's PartyWilhelm Beck163Progressive Citizens' PartyHeinrich Beck117VaduzProgressive Citizens' PartyLudwig Ospelt160Christian-Social People's PartyRudolf Amann118Source: VogtVogt 1987 208 National vote PartyElected memberVotesProgressive Citizens' PartyAnton Frommelt1294Progressive Citizens' PartyBernhard Risch1271Progressive Citizens' PartyPeter Büchel1262Progressive Citizens' PartyGebhard Brunhart Gebhard Brunhart de Gebhard Brunhart1250Progressive Citizens' PartyGeorg Frick1217Christian-Social People's PartyJosef Gassner896Christian-Social People's PartyHeinrich Brunhart Heinrich Brunhart de Heinrich Brunhart (Politiker, 1857)880Christian-Social People's PartyRudolf Amann869Christian-Social People's PartyJulius Wanger860Christian-Social People's PartyFerdinand Heidegger830Source: VogtVogt 1987 208 Aftermath Following the election, the majority government under Hoop remained;Geiger 1997 324 the FBP agreed to appoint Josef Steger of the VP to government, but he would switch to the FBP during his term.Geiger 1997 324Büchel Donat 31 December 2011 Steger, Joseph https://historisches-lexikon.li/Steger,_Josef 10 November 2023 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de The VP declared that the new electoral system was unfair and planned legal action against it; conversely, the FBP asserted that under the previous electoral system the VP would have likely won no seats.Geiger 1997 322 The success of the FBP came from voters supporting the economic recovery encouraged by Hoop's government. On the other hand, for the VP it demonstrated that the 1928 embezzlement scandal continued to loom over the party, and the poor election result weakened the party further. Though Beck returning to the Landtag was expected to reinvigorate the opposition, this would not come to pass as he contracted an infection the same year and only occasionally attended Landtag sessions,Geiger 1997 323 and would resign by 1935. Instead, Basil Vogt was considered the sole de facto representative of the party.Büchel Donat 31 December 2011 Vogt, Basil https://historisches-lexikon.li/Vogt,_Basil?marker=Basil+Vogt 23 November 2024 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de The election was the last contested by the VP before it merged with the Liechtenstein Homeland Service (LHD) to form the Patriotic Union (VU) ahead of the 1936 elections.Marxer Wilfred 31 December 2011 Nationale Opposition https://historisches-lexikon.li/Nationale_Opposition 13 August 2024 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de 23 January 2025 https://web.archive.org/web/20250123054644/https://historisches-lexikon.li/Nationale_Opposition liveMarxer Wilfred 31 December 2011 Vaterländische Union (VU) https://historisches-lexikon.li/Vaterl%C3%A4ndische_Union_(VU) 18 October 2024 Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein de 22 January 2025 https://web.archive.org/web/20250122222354/https://historisches-lexikon.li/Vaterl%C3%A4ndische_Union_%28VU%29 live 1935 by-election A by-election was held on 3 February 1935 in Triesenberg following the resignation of Beck.26 January 1935 Bekanntmachung. Official Notice. https://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/viewer/!image/000476564_1935-01-26_19350126/64/-/ 6 August 2026 Liechtensteiner Volksblatt 4 de The result was a victory for Johann Beck of the FBP.6 February 1935 Gemeinde-Landtagswahl in Triesenberg. Municipal and Landtag Election in Triesenberg. https://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/viewer/!image/000476556_1935-02-06_19350206/41/-/ 6 August 2026 Liechtensteiner Nachrichten 1 de MunicipalityPartyCandidateVotesTriesenbergProgressive Citizens' PartyJohann Beck142Christian-Social People's PartyAlois Schädler94Source: Liechtensteiner Nachrichten References Bibliography Nohlen Dieter Dieter Nohlen Elections in Europe: A data handbook Stöver Philip 2010 Nomos 978-3-8329-5609-7 Geiger Peter Peter Geiger Krisenzeit: Liechtenstein in den Dreissigerjahren 1928–1939 Liechtenstein Institute, Chronos Verlag 1997 3-906393-28-3 1 Zürich de Time of crisis: Liechtenstein in the 1930s 1928–1939 Vogt Paul Paul Vogt (historian) 125 Jahre Landtag 1987 Landtag of the Principality of Liechtenstein Vaduz de 125 Years of the State Parliament Risch Martin Martin Risch Jahrbuch des Historischen Vereins für das Fürstentum Liechtenstein Historischen Vereins für das Fürstentum Liechtenstein 1959 59 de Yearbook of the Historical Association for the Principality of Liechtenstein Dr. Josef Hoop, Landtagspräsident und Alt Regierungschef Triesen https://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/viewer/image/000000453_59/236/LOG_0007/ Liechtenstein General Category:General elections in Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Category:Election and referendum articles with incomplete results Category:Premiership of Josef Hoop