1930 Canadian federal election

none September 2023 March 2010 1930 Canadian federal election Canada 1921 parliamentary no no no 1926 Canadian federal election 1926 1935 Canadian federal election 1935 245 seats in the House of Commons 123 73.5%Voter Turnout at Federal Elections and Referendums http://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=ele&dir=turn&document=index&lang=e Elections Canada 10 March 2019 ( 5.8 pp) July 28, 1930 17th Canadian Parliament 16th Canadian Parliament x175px Richard Bedford Bennett (cropped2).jpg CA Conservative (historical) nohash R. B. Bennett October 12, 1927 CA Conservative (historical) name Calgary West 91 seats, 45.35% 137 46 1,863,115 47.79% 3.08 pp William Lyon Mackenzie King at Laurier House in 1932 cropped.jpg CA Liberal nohash W. L. Mackenzie King August 7, 1919 CA Liberal name Prince Albert 116 seats, 42.90% 89 27 1,716,798 44.03% 1.13 pp JohnEBrownlee (cropped).jpg CA AB United Farmers nohash John E. Brownlee November 23, 1925 CA AB United Farmers name Did not runThe United Farmers of Alberta, which at the time formed the government in that province, did not have a separate party leader at the federal level. At the time of this election, party leader John E. Brownlee was the Premier of Alberta and the MLA for Ponoka in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta. 11 seats, 1.87% 9 2 56,968 1.46% 0.55 pp CA Progressive nohash None N/A CA Progressive name None 11 seats, 3.93% 3 8 70,822 1.82% 2.41 pp Canada 1930 Federal Election.svg 350px Prime Minister Prime Minister after election William Lyon Mackenzie King CA Liberal name R. B. Bennett CA Conservative (historical) name Chambre des Communes 1930.png 350px The Canadian parliament after the 1930 election The 1930 Canadian federal election was held on July 28, 1930, to elect members of the House of Commons of the 17th Parliament of Canada. Richard Bedford Bennett's Conservative Party won a majority government, defeating the Liberal Party led by Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King.Soward Frederic H. 1930 The Canadian Elections of 1930 https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400115308/type/journal_article American Political Science Review en 24 4 995–1000 10.2307/1946756 1946756 0003-0554 subscription 3,922,481 votes were cast in this election.https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=ele&dir=turn&document=index&lang=e Voter Turnout at Federal Elections and Referendums Background November 2024 The first signs of the Great Depression were clearly evident by the 1930 election, and Conservative party leader Richard Bennett campaigned on a platform of aggressive measures in order to combat it. "I propose that any government of which I am the head will at the first session of parliament initiate whatever action is necessary to that end, or perish in the attempt." Richard Bennett, June 9, 1930 Part of the reason for Bennett's success lay in the Liberals' own handling of the rising unemployment of 1930. Touting the Liberal formula as the reason for the economic prosperity of the 1920s, for example, left the Liberals carrying much of the responsibility, whether deserved or not, for the consequences of the crash of the American stock market. thumb|180px|left|Liberal election poster in French, showing King forging a chain link. King was apparently oblivious to the rising unemployment that greeted the 1930s, and continued to laud his government's hand in Canada's prosperity. Demands for aid were met with accusations of being the part of a great "Tory conspiracy", which led King to make his famous five-cent piece outburst, alienating a growing number of voters. In retrospect, one can understand King's reasoning. Both the Western mayors and provincial Premiers who had visited King with requests of relief were overwhelmingly Conservative: in the Premiers' case, seven out of nine. King concluded in Parliamentary debates that though aid was a provincial jurisdiction, the fact that he believed there to be no unemployment problem meant that the requests from the provinces appeared to be nothing more than political grandstanding. The Federal Conservatives had certainly exaggerated the Depression in its early stages solely to attack King's government. Several other factors entered into King's defeat. Although obtaining funds from sometimes dubious sources was not a problem, the Liberal election machine was not as efficient as it once was, primarily due to the cause of the age and poor health of many chief strategists. King's campaign was the epitome of Murphy's law: every campaign stop appeared to meet the Prime Minister with some kind of mishap. By contrast, Bennett's Conservatives were electric. The self-made man who led them had practically rebuilt his party (a significant part of it with his own funds) and developed an election machine which could rival the Liberals'. Aside from superior party organization, the Tories used it. They bought out newspapers in key areas (notably the Liberal strongholds of the West, and Quebec) and ensured that pro-Tory slants were kept. In the first election where radio played an important role, Bennett's vibrant, zealous voice was extremely preferable to King's. The Tory machine ensured that only the best radio spots were available to Bennett. Also, Bennett's tariff policy, epitomized by his infamous promise to "blast" Canada's way into world markets, was extremely well received in the key Liberal strongholds of the West and Quebec. In the West, agricultural production had been hurt by worldwide overproduction, and certain agricultural groups in Quebec firmly endorsed Bennett's tariff policy. Bennett's Conservatives won much of the former Progressive and Farmers' vote in the West, and they were elected with 44% of the popular vote in Quebec as a protest vote. All those factors led to Bennett's eventual election. Canadian voters agreed with Bennett and the Conservatives were elected with a majority of 137 seats in the House of Commons. The incumbent Liberals under William Lyon Mackenzie King became the official opposition after being reduced to 89. The Progressives continued their decline, winning only three seats. The United Farmers of Alberta did somewhat better, despite finishing third place in the popular vote in that province they managed to hold on to nine of its seventeen seats, of which the UFA only contested ten. This would mark the final federal election until 2025 where the Liberals and Conservatives, or any top-two parties, both won over 40% of the popular vote. This would also be the last election the Progressives or the UFA would win any seats. The effects of the Great Depression, which were felt under Bennett and peaked in 1933, brought extreme hardship for most Canadians, leading to a Conservative loss in the 1935 election to the Liberals under the previous Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King, and the Conservatives would not return to government until 1957, then rebranded as the Progressive Conservatives. National results center|300px PartyParty leader# of candidatesSeatsPopular vote1926Elected% Change#%pp Change CA PC row Conservative R. B. Bennett 22991137 +69.6% 1,863,115 47.79%+3.07 CA Liberal row Liberal W. L. Mackenzie King 22611688-21.1% 1,716,798 44.03%+1.29 CA AB United Farmers row-name  10119-18.2% 56,968 1.46%-0.55 CA Progressive row-name 1511 3-72.7% 70,822 1.82%-2.41 CA Liberal-Progressive row-name 883-62.5% 44,822 1.15%-0.94 CA Labour row-name J.S. Woodsworth 84 2-50.0%26,5480.68%-0.95 CA Independent row Independent 1122- 21,608 0.55%-0.30 CA Independent row Progressive-Conservative 2- 1 15,996 0.41%+0.1 CA Independent row Independent Labour2* 1*15,9880.41%* CA Independent row Independent Liberal81 --100% 14,426 0.37%-0.25 CA Independent row Farmer  5*-* 11,999 0.31%* CA Independent rowIndependent Conservative6 ---10,3600.27%-0.07 CA Independent row Unknown2---7,4410.19%+0.08 CA Independent row Liberal-Labour  1- -- 7,1950.18%+0.05 CA Communist row-name Tim Buck 6*-* 4,5570.12%* CA Independent row Labour-Farmer 2-- -3,2760.08%+0.04 CA Independent row Liberal-Protectionist 1 *-* 2,7230.07%* CA Independent row Farmer-Labour 1*-*2,0910.05%* CA Independent rowIndependent Progressive1* -*1,294 0.03%* CA Independent row Franc Lib 1* -* 4290.01%* CA Independent row Prohibitionist 1*-*266 0.01%*Total 546245 245-3,898,722 100%  Sources: http://www.elections.ca -- https://web.archive.org/web/20090609211221/http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/HFER/hfer.asp?Language=E History of Federal Ridings since 1867 https://www.ourcommons.ca/marleaumontpetit/DocumentViewer.aspx?DocId=1001&Language=E&Sec=Ch25&Seq=11 Note: * The party did not nominate candidates in the previous election. Vote and seat summaries Ternary plots - shift of electoral support (1926-1930) 350 200 yes center Electoral districts identified by colours of winning parties File:Ternary CA1926.svg 1926 Ternary plot of 1926 results File:Ternary CA1930.svg 1930 Ternary plot of 1930 results Popular vote #ddd 600px 410px Conservative #6495ED 47.79 Liberal #F08080 44.03 Progressive CA Progressive 1.82 United Farmers CA United Farmers of Alberta 1.46 Others #DCDCDC 4.90 Seat totals #ddd 600px 410px Conservative #6495ED 55.10 Liberal #F08080 36.33 United Farmers CA United Farmers of Alberta 3.67 Progressive CA Progressive 1.22 Others #DCDCDC 3.67 Results by province Party nameBCABSKMBONQCNBNSPEYKTotal CA PC row Conservative Seats: 7 4 7 10 59 24 10 10 3 1 135 CA PC row Popular vote (%): 49.3% 35.0% 33.6% 44.1% 53.9% 43.7% 59.3% 52.5% 50.0% 60.3% 47.8% CA Liberal rowLiberal Seats: 5 3 12 1 22 40 1 4 1 - 89 CA Liberal row Vote: 40.9% 30.0% 48.4% 19.6% 42.4% 53.2% 40.7% 47.5% 50.0% 39.7% 44.0% CA AB United Farmers rowUF Alberta Seats:  9               9 CA Independent row Vote:   28.4%              1.5% CA Progressive rowProgressive Seats:  - 2 - 1          3 CA Progressive row Vote:  1.9% 8.1% 6.4% 1.8%          1.8% CA Liberal-Progressive rowLiberal-Progressive Seats:    - 3             3 CA Liberal-Progressive row Vote:     2.1% 16.2%            1.2% CA Labour rowLabour Seats:  -   2 -          2 CA Labour row Vote:  3.0   8.4 0.1          0.7 CA Independent rowIndependent Seats:1   -   - 1         2 CA Independent row Vote: 2.6   3.5   0.1 0.3        0.6 CA Independent row Progressive-Conservative Seats:      1  -         1 CA Independent row Vote:     2.7   1.0        0.4 CA Independent rowIndependent Labour Seats:1     -            1 CA Independent row Vote:6.5     0.1            0.4 Total Seats14 16 21 17 8265 11 14 4 1 245Parties that won no seats: CA Independent row Independent Liberal Vote:       0.4   1.3         0.4 CA Independent row Farmer Vote:    3.6             0.3 CA Independent row Independent Conservative Vote:       1.2 0.50.1          CA Independent row Unknown Vote:       0.5          0.2 CA Independent row Liberal-Labour Vote:        0.5          0.2 CA Communist row-name Vote: 0.4     0.9 0.1           0.1 CA Independent row Labour-Farmer Vote :  0.6                0.1 CA Independent row Liberal-Protectionist Vote:          0.3        0.1 CA Independent row Farmer-Labour Vote:    0.6              0.1 CA Independent row Independent Progressive Vote:           0.1        xx CA Independent row Franc Lib Vote: 0.2                  xx CA Independent row Prohibitionist Vote: 0.1                  xx xx - less than 0.05% of the popular vote See also Canada Politics 17th Canadian Parliament List of Canadian federal general elections List of political parties in Canada References Further reading The Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs, 1929–30 1930 The Annual Review Company Toronto https://archive.org/details/canadianannualre0000unse_s4b4 Canada, Chief Electoral Officer Seventeenth General Election, 1930: Report of the Chief Electoral Officer 1930 Queen's Printer Ottawa 2027/mdp.39015024873450 free Federal 1930 Category:July 1930 in Canada