1853 Copenhagen cholera outbreak

Cholera outbreak in Denmark thumb|300px|A tent camp outside the Western City Gate during the outbreak thumb|The cholera camp outside Vesterport. The 1853 Copenhagen cholera outbreak was a severe outbreak of cholera which occurred in Copenhagen, Denmark in 1853 as part of the third cholera pandemic. It killed about 4,800 people. The outbreak has been blamed on the dismal sanitary conditions of the city, in combination with the overpopulation caused by a ban on the expansion of urban development outside the area covered by the fortifications of Copenhagen. The outbreak lasted from June to October, 1853. Among the changes in the city in the aftermath of the outbreak, was the decommissioning of Copenhagen's fortifications, the construction of a new Brown Meat District and the Cisternerne to provide for a safer water supply, and the new housing development of Brumleby in Østerbro under the directions of the Medical Society. It was Denmark's first example of social housing. Background Medical professionals had since the 1840s warned against the dismal sanitary conditions in the city as a combination of a lack of proper sanitary installations and services and increasing overpopulation due to the ban of urban development outside the City Walls.http://kartoffelraekkerne.dk/?R%E6kkernes_historie Rækkehushistorie Kartoffelrækkerne 2011-01-20 Outbreak The outbreak struck on 11 June 1853 and lasted until October when it faded out. A total of 7,219 infections were reported of whom 4,737 (56,7%) died. From Copenhagen the outbreak spread to the provinces where 24 towns were hit and 1,951 people died.http://www.dmhs1917.dk/wonsyld_koleraepidemien.pdf Koleraen i København i 1853 Ditte Wonsyld 2012-11-06 https://web.archive.org/web/20121021163250/http://www.dmhs1917.dk/wonsyld_koleraepidemien.pdf 2012-10-21 dead Aftermath thumb|Map of the distribution. The cholera outbreak was a key factor in the decision to decommission Copenhagen's fortifications, although the step was long overdue and had been underway for decades. The cholera outbreak also contributed to the city's decision to build a new cattle market, the so-called Brown Meat District, and a safer municipal water supply.December 2020 It also resulted in several housing developments built by philanthropic organisations to provide healthy homes outside the city centre for people of few means. The Medical Society completed the first stage of the housing development now known as Brumleby in Østerbro in 1857. They are considered Denmark's first example of social housing. The Classenske Fideicommis acquired a three-hectare site in Frederiksberg in 1856 and constructed the Classen Terraces (De Classenske Boliger) between 1866 and 1881.http://www.godthaabskirken.dk/kirkens_historie.html Kirkens historie Danish Godthåbskirken 2012-11-27 https://web.archive.org/web/20130924130410/http://godthaabskirken.dk/kirkens_historie.html 2013-09-24 dead Notable victims Frederik Clauson-Kaas, hofmarskalDecember 2020 Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg, painterDecember 2020 Peter Christoph Hagemann, architectDecember 2020 Carl Henckel, printmakerDecember 2020 Frantz Christopher von Jessen, overpostmesterDecember 2020 Carl Løffler, decorative painterDecember 2020 Jacob Ræder, military officerDecember 2020 Adolph Schätzig, photographerDecember 2020 Thomas Jacobsen, instrumentmaker Sidsel Margrethe Kofoed (Møller) See also List of epidemics References Further reading Tre epidemier External links Source Source https://web.archive.org/web/20220520131538/https://bibliotek.kk.dk/nyheder/inspiration/tordenskyen-en-nat-i-koleraens-koebenhavn 2022-05-20 Category:1853 disasters Category:1850s disasters in Denmark Category:1853 in health Category:1853 in Denmark Category:June 1853 Category:1850s in Copenhagen Category:1850s epidemics Category:1850s disasters in Europe Category:19th-century disease outbreaks Category:19th century in Copenhagen Category:Disasters in Copenhagen Category:Cholera outbreaks Category:Disease outbreaks in Denmark Category:1846–1860 cholera pandemic