1970 ABA playoffs

Basketball competition August 2023 ABA playoffs 1970 1969–70 April 17 – May 25, 1970 8 Indiana Pacers 1 Los Angeles Stars Kentucky Colonels Denver Rockets 1969 1971 The 1970 ABA playoffs was the postseason tournament of the American Basketball Association's 1969–70 season. The tournament concluded with the Eastern Division champion Indiana Pacers defeating the Western Division champion Los Angeles Stars, four games to two in the ABA Finals. The Indiana Pacers finished the season with the league's best regular season record (59–25, .702) before going on to win the ABA championship. This same feat was accomplished by the Oakland Oaks during the prior season and by the Pittsburgh Pipers in the year before that. The Pacers became the first ABA champions to return in the same form for the following season. The Oakland Oaks became the Washington Caps for the 1969–1970 ABA season; the Pittsburgh Pipers had become the Minnesota Pipers after winning the ABA championship the prior season. For the first time in league history, a player scored 50 points in a playoff game, with Rick Barry scoring 52 in the Game 7 loss in the first round. Roger Brown of Indiana was the Most Valuable Player of the ABA playoffs. Brown averaged 28.5 points, 3rd best among all postseason players to go along with playing 46.2 minutes per game (2nd) while going 151-of-318 in field goal attempts (3rd best in each category). He scored 53 points in Game 4 of the ABA Finals on May 19 to set record for a playoff game. Bracket Division Semifinals Division Finals ABA Finals Western Division Eastern Division 1 Denver Rockets 4 3 Washington Caps 3 4 Los Angeles Stars 4 2 Dallas Chaparrals 2 1 Indiana Pacers 4 3 Carolina Cougars 0 4 New York Nets 3 2 Kentucky Colonels 4 1 Denver Rockets 1 4 Los Angeles Stars 4 1 Indiana Pacers 4 2 Kentucky Colonels 1 W4 Los Angeles Stars 2 E1 Indiana Pacers 4 Division Semifinals Western Division Semifinals (1) Denver Rockets vs. (3) Washington Caps #eee April 17 Denver Auditorium Arena, Denver, Colorado Washington Caps 111 Denver Rockets 130 Box score 33–25 32–42 28–32 18–31 Rick Barry 40 Larry Jones 33 George Carter 10 Spencer Haywood 15 9,822 Denver leads series, 1–0 April 18 Denver Auditorium Arena, Denver, Colorado Washington Caps 133 Denver Rockets 143 Box score 32–26 33–44 30–37 38–36 Rick Barry 36 Larry Jones 32 Fatty Taylor 9 Spencer Haywood 17 9,889 Denver leads series, 2–0 #eee April 19 Washington Coliseum, Washington, D.C. Denver Rockets 120 Washington Caps 125 Box score 24–36 33–25 28–32 35–32 Spencer Haywood 45 Rick Barry 45 Spencer Haywood 26 Ira Harge 17 1,748 Denver leads series, 2–1 April 22 Washington Coliseum, Washington, D.C. Denver Rockets 114 Washington Caps 131 Box score 27–34 24–32 34–27 29–38 Spencer Haywood 41 Barry, Barrett 30 each Spencer Haywood 21 Ira Harge 13 5,497 Series tied, 2–2 #eee April 23 Denver Auditorium Arena, Denver, Colorado Washington Caps 110 Denver Rockets 132 Box score 28–33 28–34 22–26 32–39 Rick Barry 38 Spencer Haywood 38 Rick Barry 17 Spencer Haywood 20 7,141 Denver leads series, 3–2 April 25 Washington Coliseum, Washington, D.C. Denver Rockets 111 Washington Caps 116 Box score 26–31 29–24 32–27 24–34 Larry Jones 30 Rick Barry 40 Spencer Haywood 21 Ira Harge 24 3,186 Series tied, 3–3 #eee April 28 Denver Auditorium Arena, Denver, Colorado Washington Caps 119 Denver Rockets 143 Box score 31–37 28–30 27–38 33–38 Rick Barry 52 Spencer Haywood 42 Ira Harge 19 Spencer Haywood 18 9,893 Denver wins series, 4–3 Rick Barry set a new ABA record for points in a postseason game with 52, but the Rockets dominated the Caps with a third quarter that saw their lead go from eight to nearly twenty.https://newspaperarchive.com/sports-clipping-apr-29-1970-5031055/?utm_source=newspaperarchive&utm_medium=copy_link&utm_campaign=share_link&utm_content=newspaper_clipping/ Rockets Drop Caps, 143-119 Avalanche Journal April 29, 1970 April 13, 2025 Associated Press (2) Dallas Chaparrals vs. (4) Los Angeles Stars #eee April 17 Moody Coliseum, University Park, Texas Los Angeles Stars 115 Dallas Chaparrals 103 Box score 27–19 29–25 30–31 29–28 Bob Warren 21 Glen Combs 33 Craig Raymond 18 Manny Leaks 21 Bob Warren 6 Maurice McHartley 5 4,513 Los Angeles leads series, 1–0 April 18 Moody Coliseum, University Park, Texas Los Angeles Stars 121 Dallas Chaparrals 129 Box score 28–38 30–32 29–25 34–34 Mack Calvin 29 Glen Combs 24 Trooper Washington 13 Cincy Powell 14 Mack Calvin 6 Cincy Powell 7 4,764 Series tied, 1–1 #eee April 20 Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California Dallas Chaparrals 116 Los Angeles Stars 104 Box score 21–28 32–20 37–23 26–33 Ron Boone 22 Mack Calvin 28 Cincy Powell 18 Stone, Raymond 12 each Glen Combs 7 Mack Calvin 7 971 Dallas leads series, 2–1 April 22 Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, California Dallas Chaparrals 138 Los Angeles Stars 144 Box score 23–32 33–37 38–41 44–34 John Beasley 28 Mack Calvin 44 Cincy Powell 13 Craig Raymond 28 Combs, McHartley 6 each Mack Calvin 16 2,921 Series tied, 2–2 #eee April 24 Moody Coliseum, University Park, Texas Los Angeles Stars 146 Dallas Chaparrals 139 Box score 33–37 27–33 39–21 47–48 Mack Calvin 38 Glen Combs 32 Craig Raymond 18 Cincy Powell 15 Mack Calvin 11 Charlie Beasley 8 5,128 Los Angeles leads series, 3–2 April 26 Long Beach Arena, Long Beach, California Dallas Chaparrals 123 Los Angeles Stars 124 Box score 33–30 32–33 34–36 24–25 Manny Leaks 32 Mack Calvin 27 Manny Leaks 20 Craig Raymond 19 Combs, Boone 6 each Mack Calvin 7 2,083 Los Angeles wins series, 4–2 Eastern Division Semifinals (1) Indiana Pacers vs. (3) Carolina Cougars #eee April 18 Boxscore Carolina Cougars 105 Indiana Pacers 123 22–27 24–36 27–31 32–29 Bob Verga 19 Randy Mahaffey 9 Doug Moe 6 Freddie Lewis 29 Mel Daniels 17 Roger Brown 7 Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum, Indianapolis, Indiana 6,123 Indiana leads series, 1–0 April 19 Boxscore Carolina Cougars 98 Indiana Pacers 103 14–20 26–31 26–27 32–25 Bob Verga 35 Hank Whitney 11 Calvin Fowler 4 Freddie Lewis 26 Mel Daniels 21 Freddie Lewis 6 Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum, Indianapolis, Indiana 6,341 Indiana leads series, 2–0 #eee April 22 Boxscore Indiana Pacers 115 Carolina Cougars 106 19–26 34–27 24–29 38–24 John Barnhill 25 Mel Daniels 16 Roger Brown 6 Bob Verga 24 George Peeples 22 Doug Moe 8 Charlotte Coliseum, Charlotte, North Carolina 3,381 Indiana leads series, 3–0 April 24 Boxscore Indiana Pacers 110 Carolina Cougars 106 30–28 26–29 30–29 24–20 Freddie Lewis 31 Mel Daniels 15 Freddie Lewis 6 Bob Verga 30 George Peeples 18 Doug Moe 8 Dorton Arena, Raleigh, North Carolina 5,211 Indiana wins series, 4–0 (2) Kentucky Colonels vs. (4) New York Nets #eee April 17 Louisville Convention Center, Louisville, Kentucky New York Nets 122 Kentucky Colonels 118 Box score 22–29 25–19 36–29 26–32 13–9 Levern Tart 46 Louie Dampier 25 Simon, Dove 13 each Gene Moore 13 2,105 New York leads series, 1–0 April 18 Louisville Convention Center, Louisville, Kentucky New York Nets 111 Kentucky Colonels 113 Box score 25–32 32–28 21–28 33–25 Levern Tart 31 Jim Ligon 23 Sonny Dove 10 Jim Ligon 17 3,178 Series tied, 1–1 #eee April 19 Island Garden, West Hempstead, New York Kentucky Colonels 99 New York Nets 107 Box score 18–31 24–29 25–23 32–24 Louie Dampier 19 Sonny Dove 25 Jim Ligon 9 Dove, Simon, Johnson 11 each 2,106 New York leads series, 2–1 April 22 Island Garden, West Hempstead, New York Kentucky Colonels 128 New York Nets 101 Box score 34–21 23–19 34–27 37–34 Darel Carrier 29 Levern Tart 21 Gene Moore 15 Johnson, Dove 9 each 4,721 Series tied, 2–2 #eee April 26 Louisville Convention Center, Louisville, Kentucky New York Nets 127 Kentucky Colonels 112 Box score 26–21 28–28 36–27 37–36 Bill Melchionni 39 Gene Moore 28 Les Hunter 12 Gene Moore 14 2,045 New York leads series, 3–2 April 28 Island Garden, West Hempstead, New York Kentucky Colonels 116 New York Nets 113 Box score 30–23 27–30 29–23 30–37 Louie Dampier 26 Les Hunter 28 Jim Ligon 13 Ed Johnson 12 5,039 Series tied, 3–3 #eee April 29 Louisville Convention Center, Louisville, Kentucky New York Nets 101 Kentucky Colonels 112 Box score 31–25 17–21 24–34 29–32 Sonny Dove 24 Louie Dampier 22 Sonny Dove 13 Jim Ligon 11 2,876 Kentucky wins series, 4–3 Division Finals Western Division Finals (1) Denver Rockets vs. (4) Los Angeles Stars #eee April 30 Denver Auditorium Arena, Denver, Colorado Los Angeles Stars 113 Denver Rockets 123 Box score 30–23 26–30 22–32 27–20 8–18 Calvin, Stone 33 each Spencer Haywood 39 Trooper Washington 20 Spencer Haywood 31 Larry Jones 10 7,071 Denver leads series, 1–0 May 1 Denver Auditorium Arena, Denver, Colorado Los Angeles Stars 114 Denver Rockets 105 Box score 31–29 22–35 28–17 33–24 Mack Calvin 25 Spencer Haywood 40 Raymond, Warren 13 each Haywood, Beck 18 each 7,187 Series tied, 1–1 #eee May 4 Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California Denver Rockets 113 Los Angeles Stars 119 Box score 35–32 26–29 25–27 27–31 Spencer Haywood 37 Mack Calvin 31 Spencer Haywood 22 Trooper Washington 18 Larry Jones 7 Calvin, Washington 7 each 4,468 Los Angeles leads series, 2–1 May 5 Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California Denver Rockets 110 Los Angeles Stars 114 Box score 27–31 30–26 28–36 25–21 Spencer Haywood 32 Mervin Jackson 25 Haywood, Beck 13 each Craig Raymond 17 Jeff Congdon 12 Mervin Jackson 8 3,432 Los Angeles leads series, 3–1 #eee May 9 Denver Auditorium Arena, Denver, Colorado Los Angeles Stars 109 Denver Rockets 107 Box score 24–32 32–20 25–32 28–23 George Stone 22 Spencer Haywood 37 Trooper Washington 17 Byron Beck 17 6,401 Los Angeles wins series, 4–1 Eastern Division Finals (1) Indiana Pacers vs. (2) Kentucky Colonels #eee May 1 Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum, Indianapolis, Indiana Kentucky Colonels 114 Indiana Pacers 110 Box score 21–24 24–17 30–30 27–31 12–8 Jim Ligon 34 Roger Brown 29 Jim Ligon 24 Mel Daniels 21 Louie Dampier 6 Brown Keller 6 each 5,939 Kentucky leads series, 1–0 May 2 Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum, Indianapolis, Indiana Kentucky Colonels 110 Indiana Pacers 121 Box score 23–31 26–20 28–36 33–34 Darel Carrier 31 Roger Brown 33 Gene Moore 16 Bob Netolicky 22 Darel Carrier 5 Brown, Keller 5 each 7,007 Series tied 1–1 #eee May 3 Louisville Convention Center, Louisville, Kentucky Indiana Pacers 114 Kentucky Colonels 110 Box score 26–28 27–21 30–36 31–25 Freddie Lewis 31 Dampier, Chapman 22 each Mel Daniels 17 Jim Ligon 15 Billy Keller 7 Louie Dampier 8 3,024 Indiana leads series, 2–1 May 5 Louisville Convention Center, Louisville, Kentucky Indiana Pacers 111 Kentucky Colonels 103 Box score 21–26 34–21 29–28 27–28 Roger Brown 33 Gene Moore 26 Netolicky, Daniels 13 each Gene Moore 28 Roger Brown 10 Gene Moore 6 3,476 Indiana leads series, 3–1 #eee May 6 Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum, Indianapolis, Indiana Kentucky Colonels 103 Indiana Pacers 117 Box score 30–26 21–29 22–25 30–37 Gene Moore 25 Roger Brown 28 Gene Moore 14 Mel Daniels 22 Ligon, Dampier 5 each Roger Brown 8 5,453 Indiana wins series, 4–1 ABA Finals: (W4) Los Angeles Stars vs. (E1) Indiana Pacers #eee May 15 Indiana State Fair Coliseum, Indianapolis, Indiana Los Angeles Stars 93 Indiana Pacers 109 Box score 24–21 20–28 27–24 22–36 Bob Warren 20 Freddie Lewis 22 Craig Raymond 23 Bob Netolicky 14 Mack Calvin 5 Billy Keller 10 7,881 Indiana leads series, 1–0 Favored to win by members of the press to win the series, the Pacers ultimately pulled away in the fourth quarter.https://newspaperarchive.com/anderson-herald-bulletin-may-16-1970-p-28/ Don Cronin Team Play Puts Pacers Out Front In Championship Series Anderson Herald Bulletin May 16, 1970 April 7, 2025 May 17 CBS Indiana State Fair Coliseum, Indianapolis, Indiana Los Angeles Stars 111 Indiana Pacers 114 Box score 27–21 31–31 26–30 27–32 George Stone 29 Bob Netolicky 32 Willie Wise 11 Mel Daniels 27 Trooper Washington 5 Billy Keller 8 9,014 Indiana leads series, 2–0 The game was broadcast on CBS, although it was blacked out in Indianapolis.https://newspaperarchive.com/fairbanks-daily-news-miner-may-15-1970-p-14/ Two sports owner views enterprises Fairbanks Daily News-Miner Associated Press May 15, 1970 April 7, 2025 The Stars led 66-56 early in the third quarter before Bob Netolicky came off the bench and managed to hit on ten straight shots as the Pacers eventually tied the game at 94 with 8:31 to go. The teams traded leads eight times before Roger Brown hit the go-ahead shot to give Indiana a 111–108 lead. The Stars got the deficit to one on a goaltending call with 34 seconds to go and then got the ball back on a missed shot with less than 20 seconds to go and called timeout. They tried a shot to go for the win but missed while Netolicky got the rebound and was then fouled by Willie Wise (his fifth) as Netolicky made the free throws to end the scoring.https://newspaperarchive.com/press-telegram-may-18-1970-p-23/ Down by 11, Pacers Rally to Subdue Stars, 114-111 Long Beach Press-Telegram Associated Press May 18, 1970 April 7, 2025https://newspaperarchive.com/delta-democrat-times-may-18-1970-p-12/ Indiana Pacers down Stars again Delta Democrat-Times UPI May 18, 1970 April 7, 2025 #eee May 18 Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, California Indiana Pacers 106 Los Angeles Stars 109 Box score 38–17 22–30 28–31 18–31 Freddie Lewis 24 George Stone 34 Mel Daniels 20 Craig Raymond 18 Roger Brown 6 Merv Jackson 8 5,780 Indiana leads series, 2–1 Behind the largest crowd of the season for the Stars (5,780), the team trailed by 21 at the end of the first quarter and 10 at the start of the fourth quarter but rode the shooting of George Stone and Trooper Washington to win the game. Stone scored 27 of his 34 points in the second half while Washington defended Daniels in the second half that saw the Stars go on a 25–2 run to start the fourth quarter. Stone scored the go-ahead shot with 7:33 remaining as the Stars held on and had Indiana not make a field goal until 1:59 remained in the game.https://newspaperarchive.com/greensburg-daily-news-may-19-1970-p-3/ L.A. Stars Rally To Upend Pacers Greensburg Daily News UPI May 19, 1970 April 7, 2025 May 19 Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, California Indiana Pacers 142 Los Angeles Stars 120 Box score 35–25 28–37 45–32 34–26 Roger Brown 53 Andrew Anderson 20 Roger Brown 13 George Stone 14 Brown, Thacker 6 each Trooper Washington 8 7,027 Indiana leads series, 3–1 Roger Brown scored 53 points to set a then-ABA playoff record for points in one game (Rick Barry previously held the mark with 52 points in the First Round matchup), with 33 of them coming in the second half. He went 15-of-21 on field goals with three made three-pointers. The Pacers, going with Leonard's strategy to go to Brown on one-on-one situations, went from having an 85–83 lead with 4:50 to go in the third quarter to being up 108–94 by the end of the third quarter and the Pacers held on from there.https://newspaperarchive.com/anderson-herald-may-21-1970-p-18/ Brown Leads Pacers Near Title Anderson Herald UPI May 21, 1970 April 7, 2025https://newspaperarchive.com/oxnard-press-courier-may-20-1970-p-64/ Brown Buckets 53, Stars Dwindle by 22 Oxnard Press Courier AP May 21, 1970 April 7, 2025 Brown's 53 points in a playoff game is still a franchise record. #eee May 23 CBS Indiana State Fair Coliseum, Indianapolis, Indiana Los Angeles Stars 117 Indiana Pacers 113 Box score 27–27 22–30 29–27 29–23 10–6 Mack Calvin 33 Roger Brown 39 George Stone 15 Bob Netolicky 18 Mack Calvin 7 Roger Brown 8 10,548 Indiana leads series, 3–2 Facing elimination on a nationally televised game (which was once again blacked out in Indianapolis), the Stars delayed their elimination with an overtime victory. The Pacers led 86–78 with eleven minutes to go, but the Stars roared back to tie the game multiple times before grabbing the lead with five minutes to go, having gone on a 21–9 run in nearly six minutes. Indiana responded with five straight points to get the lead back as the teams went back and forth. John Barnhill had a chance to increase the lead when it was 105–104 for Indiana but missed them both (going 1-of-6 on the day). Bob Netolicky gave the Pacers a 107–105 lead with free throws and 34 seconds left, but Merv Jackson tied the game on a 20-foot shot with 16 seconds to tie the game again. With the game tied, Roger Brown tried to end the game with a 10-foot jumper with time expiring but the ball rolled around the rim and fell out, forcing overtime. The Pacers led 110–109 with 4:32 to go, but the Stars took control from there, with Mack Calvin giving the Stars the lead for good with 2:46 to go. The Pacers had one more chance when down 115–114 and Brown on the free-throw line to shoot his second free throw, which he intentionally missed to try and rebound it, but George Stone recovered it while Calvin sank free throws to end the scoring. Calvin scored 33 points to lead the Stars in scoring.https://newspaperarchive.com/anderson-sunday-herald-may-24-1970-p-25/ Dave Soverly Stars Edge Pacers, Series Moves To L.A. Tonight Anderson Sunday Herald May 24, 1970 April 7, 2025https://newspaperarchive.com/bakersfield-californian-may-24-1970-p-22/ Stars Rally, Stay Alive in Playoff Bakersfield Californian May 24, 1970 Associated Press April 7, 2025 May 25 Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California Indiana Pacers 111 Los Angeles Stars 107 Box score 34–27 20–26 24–27 33–27 Roger Brown 45 George Stone 28 Mel Daniels 27 Trooper Washington 15 Tom Thacker 7 Mack Calvin 9 8,233 Indiana wins series, 4–2 The Pacers elected to go with a seven-man roster for Game 6 (with Roger Brown and Freddie Lewis both playing 48 minutes each) and used it to battle tough with the Stars, who lost center Craig Raymond to a severely sprained right ankle early in the second half that head coach Bill Sharman said played a key difference, particularly on boards. The Stars got the deficit down to 106–105 before Freddie Lewis hit a 14-foot shot with 18 seconds left to give them a three-point lead. The Pacers then closed out the scoring with free throws as Indiana clinched their first ever professional sports championship.https://newspaperarchive.com/lompoc-record-may-26-1970-p-8/ Pacers eye Knicks after ABA win Lompoc Record UPI May 26, 1970 April 7, 2025https://cbs4indy.com/sports/remembering-the-pacers-first-aba-title-on-the-50th-anniversary/ Phil Nardiello Remembering the Pacers first ABA title on the 50th anniversary CBS4 Indy May 25, 2020 April 7, 2025 In what became a general tradition, offers by the ABA champion to the NBA champion (in this case, the New York Knicks) were made and rejected. In the afternoon hours of May 27, 1970, the Pacers arrived back in Indianapolis to be greeted by a thousand fans at the airport.https://newspaperarchive.com/linton-daily-citizen-may-27-1970-p-4/ Indianapolis Greets Victorious Pacers Linton Daily Citizen UPI May 27, 1970 April 7, 2025 The team then received a motorcade as Indianapolis held a downtown ceremony that saw nearly 5,000 people celebrate on Monument Circle that saw speeches from the team and state Governor Edgar Whitcomb, who proclaimed the team as "the world champions of basketball".https://newspaperarchive.com/tipton-daily-tribune-may-28-1970-p-1/ Governor Calls Pacers The "World Champions" Tipton Daily Tribune UPI May 28, 1970 April 7, 2025 After the series ended, Bill Daniels, who bought the Stars mid-season and aimed to relocate the team, finally made his decision. It was reported during the series that he would not move the team to Albuquerque, New Mexico, with reports stating that the two finalists were between Anaheim, California (one of the myriad of Southern California arenas they currently used as a home court) and Salt Lake City, Utah.https://newspaperarchive.com/ontario-daily-report-may-24-1970-p-124/ Stars Still Alive in ABA Playoffs; Albuquerque Eliminated Ontario Daily Report UPI May 24, 1970 April 7, 2025 On June 11, less than a month after Game 6, the Stars elected to move to Salt Lake City, Utah.https://www.ksl.com/article/40169012/here-come-the-stars-the-making-of-utahs-1st-pro-sports-championship Sean Walker Here Come the Stars: the making of Utah's 1st pro sports championship KSL.com June 11, 2016 April 7, 2025 Two members of the Pacers eventually made the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame: Mel Daniels (2012) and Roger Brown (2013), while both head coaches from the series in Bill Sharman (2004) and Bobby Leonard (2014) also were later inducted. Sports Statistical leaders Category Total AveragePlayer Team Total Player Team Avg. Games played Points Spencer Haywood Denver Rockets 440 Rick Barry Washington Caps 40.1 7 Rebounds Mel Daniels Indiana Pacers 265 Spencer Haywood Denver Rockets 19.8 12 Assists Mack Calvin Los Angeles Stars 101 Larry Brown Washington Caps 9.7 7 Total leaders Points Spencer Haywood - 440 Roger Brown - 428 George Stone - 402 Mack Calvin - 392 Larry Jones - 319 Rebounds Mel Daniels - 265 Craig Raymond - 254 Spencer Haywood - 237 Bob Netolicky - 194 Trooper Washington - 188 Assists Mack Calvin - 101 Roger Brown - 84 Louie Dampier - 81 Larry Jones - 76 Jeff Congdon - 68 Billy Keller - 68 Larry Brown - 68 Minutes George Stone - 724 Roger Brown - 693 Craig Raymond - 664 Bob Netolicky - 603 Mack Calvin - 593 References External links RememberTheABA.com page on 1970 ABA playoffs Basketball-Reference.com's 1970 ABA Playoffs page Playoffs Category:American Basketball Association playoffs