1983 Sea of Japan earthquake

1983 earthquake and tsunami centered off the coast of Akita Prefecture, Japan 1983 Sea of Japan earthquake 1983-05-26 02:59:59 usp0001vmy 577008 May 26, 1983 11:59:57 60 seconds 7.8 w yKanamori H. Astiz L. 1985 The 1983 Akita-Oki Earthquake (Mw=7.8) and its Implications for Systematics of Subduction Earthquakes Earthquake Prediction Research 3 305–317 http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKepr85.pdf 21 June 2012 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20131211212533/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKepr85.pdf 11 December 2013 24 km on 40.462 139.102 inline,title Japan (Aomori Prefecture, Akita Prefecture) yes VIII 5+ 104 dead, 324 injuredhttp://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?eq_0=4978&t=101650&s=13&d=22,26,13,12&nd=display https://archive.today/20121212130037/http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?eq_0=4978&t=101650&s=13&d=22,26,13,12&nd=display dead December 12, 2012 Comments for the Significant Earthquake National Geophysical Data Center National Geophysical Data Center 21 June 2012 1983 Sea of Japan earthquake.jpg Felt intensities on the JMA scale, X marks epicenter 日本海中部地震 ja thumb|250px|Boat damage from the tsunami, taken one day after the event The 1983 Sea of Japan earthquake (ja 日本海中部地震) occurred on May 26, 1983, at 11:59:57 local time (02:59:57 UTC).1983-05-26 M 7.4 - 83 km WNW of Noshiro, Japan https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usp0001vmy/impact 2026-07-27 earthquake.usgs.gov It had a magnitude of 7.8 on the moment magnitude scale. It occurred in the Sea of Japan, about 100 km west of the coast of Noshiro in Akita Prefecture, Japan. Out of the 104 fatalities, all but four were killed by the resulting tsunami, which struck communities along the coast, especially Aomori and Akita Prefectures and the east coast of Noto Peninsula. Images of the tsunami hitting the fishing harbor of Wajima on Noto Peninsula were broadcast on TV. The waves exceeded 10 m us in some areas. Three of the fatalities were along the east coast of South Korea (whether North Korea was affected is not known). The tsunami also hit Okushiri Island, the site of a deadlier tsunami 10 years later. Tectonic setting Eastern margin of the Sea of Japan The northwestern side of Honshu lies on the southeastern margin of the Sea of Japan, an area of oceanic crust created by back-arc spreading from the late Oligocene to middle Miocene. The extensional tectonics associated with the spreading formed a series of N–S trending extensional faults and associated basins. Currently the area is being deformed by contractional tectonics, causing inversion of these earlier basins, forming anticlinal structures.Sato H. Yoshida T. Takaya I. Sato T. Ikeda Y. Umino N. amp 2004 Late Cenozoic tectonic development of the back arc region of central northern Honshu, Japan, revealed by recent deep seismic profiling Journal of the Japanese Association for Petroleum Technology 69 2 145–154 0370-9868 10.3720/japt.69.145 free It has been suggested that the northwestern coast of Honshu represents an incipient subduction zone, but there remain significant uncertainties about the existence of the Okhotsk microplate and the nature and precise location of its boundary in the Sea of Japan, if it does exist.Tetsuzo Seno Taro Sakurai Seth Stein 1996 Can the Okhotsk plate be discriminated from the North American plate? Journal of Geophysical Research 101 B5 11305–11315 10.1029/96JB00532 1996JGR...10111305S Apel E. V. Bürgmann R. Steblov G. Vasilenko N. King R. Prytkov A 2006 Independent active microplate tectonics of northeast Asia from GPS velocities and block modeling Geophysical Research Letters 33 L11303 L11303 10.1029/2006GL026077 2006GeoRL..3311303A free Earthquake The earthquake lasted for about 60 seconds. The focal mechanism indicates reverse faulting and the distribution of aftershocks is consistent with movement on a thrust plane dipping at 30° to the east. The rupture involved two separate faults, the more northerly of which trends NNW-SSE and the more southerly SSW-NNE. The rupture began on the southern fault before continuing on the northern fault after a delay of ten seconds.Shuto N. Chida K. Imamura F. amp Tsunami: Progress in Prediction, Disaster Prevention, and Warning Tsuchiya Y. Shuto N. Springer 1995 Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research 4 37–53 Generation mechanism of the first wave of the Nihonkai-Chubu earthquake tsunami 978-0-7923-3483-5 https://books.google.com/books?id=P-2kurlGja8C&pg=PA37 21 June 2012 The maximum perceived intensity was V on the JMA scale (VIII on the Mercalli intensity scale). Tsunami The first wave of the tsunami struck the coast about 12 minutes after the earthquake, with a maximum run-up height of 14.9 m on recorded on the Oga Peninsula.http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?eq_0=4978&t=101650&s=18&d=99,91,95,93&nd=display https://archive.today/20121214103304/http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?eq_0=4978&t=101650&s=18&d=99,91,95,93&nd=display dead December 14, 2012 Comments for the Tsunami Event National Geophysical Data Center National Geophysical Data Center 21 June 2012 The initial models of the earthquake were unable to reproduce the short time interval between the shock and the first wave arrival at the coast. The possibility that the faults dipped to the west, which would have brought the tsunami source closer to the coast, was inconsistent with seismic data and slow aseismic slip on the southern fault immediately before the mainshock has been proposed as an explanation. Tsunami deposits associated with this earthquake have been recognised onshore, on the coast and in the Sea of Japan.http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?EQ_0=2142&t=102978&s=31&d=34,32 https://archive.today/20121212135444/http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?EQ_0=2142&t=102978&s=31&d=34,32 dead December 12, 2012 Tsunami Event associated with Tsunami Deposits National Geophysical Data Center National Geophysical Data Center 21 June 2012 Offshore both mass failure deposits and turbidites have been observed that are dated to later than 1954 from high caesium-137 levels in the overlying sediments.Nakajima T. Kanai Y. 2000 Sedimentary features of seismoturbidites triggered by the 1983 and older historical earthquakes in the eastern margin of the Japan Sea Sedimentary Geology 135 1–4 1–19 2000SedG..135....1N 10.1016/S0037-0738(00)00059-2 Damage Much of the earthquake damage was due to soil liquefaction, causing the collapse of houses and a number of road and rail accidents. The degree of liquefaction was the worst seen in Japan since the 1964 Niigata earthquake. The greatest effects were observed in areas underlain by loose Holocene aeolian and fluvial sands.Tohno I. Shamoto Y. 1986 Liquefaction damage to the ground during the Nihonkai-Chubu (Japan Sea) earthquake in Aomori Prefecture, Tohoku, Japan Natural Disaster Science 8 1 85–116 http://dl.ndl.go.jp/view/download/digidepo_10752650_po_ART0002966897.pdf?contentNo=1&alternativeNo= 21 June 2012 Four people were killed by the effects of the earthquake shaking. Tsunami warnings were issued 14 minutes after the earthquake, but many parts of the nearby coast were struck before any action could be taken. Many people were struck by the first wave either on the shoreline or on offshore building sites and there were a hundred deaths. The tsunami caused widespread damage to coastal defences, which had been designed for storms rather than tsunamis. The tsunami reached the coast of South Korea about 1–1½ hours after the earthquake, causing the death of three people. See also List of earthquakes in 1983 List of earthquakes in Japan References External links 577008 Category:1983 earthquakes Category:Tsunamis in Japan Category:1983 in Japan Category:1980s tsunamis Category:May 1983 in Japan Category:Earthquakes of the Shōwa era Category:1983 disasters in Japan Category:Tsunamis in South Korea