1958 Italian general election

none 1958 Italian general election Italy legislative no 1953 Italian general election 1953 Legislature II of Italy 1963 Italian general election 1963 Legislature III of Italy All 596 seats in the Chamber of Deputies299 seats needed for a majorityAll 246 elective seats in the Senate127 seats needed for a majoritytaking into account the Senators for life, which accounted for 6 seats at the time the election took place 25 May 1958 32,434,852 (C Chamber of Deputies)29,183,501 (S Senate) 30,434,681 (C Chamber of Deputies)93.8% (0.0 pp) 27,425,843 (S Senate)93.9% (0.1 pp) Amintore Fanfani daticamera.jpg 120 120 160 Amintore Fanfani 16 July 1954 Christian Democracy (Italy) Arezzo (C Chamber of Deputies) 273 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 123 (S Senate) 17 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 7 (S Senate) 12,520,207 (C Chamber of Deputies) 10,780,954 (S Senate) 42.4% (C Chamber of Deputies) 41.2% (S Senate) 2.3 pp (C Chamber of Deputies)1.4 pp (S Senate) Palmiro Togliatti Official (cropped).jpg 120 120 160 Palmiro Togliatti 15 May 1943Togliatti also served as secretary of the Communist Party of Italy from 1926 to 1934 and from 1938 to 1943. Italian Communist Party Rome (C Chamber of Deputies) 140 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 59 (S Senate) 3 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 7 (S Senate) 6,704,454 (C Chamber of Deputies) 5,700,952 (S Senate) 22.7% (C Chamber of Deputies) 21.8% (S Senate) 0.1 pp (C Chamber of Deputies) 1.6 pp (S Senate) Pietro Nenni 1963.jpg 120 120 160 Pietro Nenni 16 May 1949Nenni also served as secretary from 1933 to 1939 and from 1943 to 1945. Italian Socialist Party Milan (C Chamber of Deputies) 84 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 35 (S Senate) 9 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 9 (S Senate) 4,206,726 (C Chamber of Deputies) 3,682,945 (S Senate) 14.2% (C Chamber of Deputies) 14.1% (S Senate) 1.5 pp (C Chamber of Deputies)2.2 pp (S Senate) Arturo Michelini (cropped).jpg 120 120 160 Arturo Michelini 10 October 1954 Italian Social Movement Rome (C Chamber of Deputies) 24 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 8 (S Senate) 5 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 1 (S Senate) 1,407,718 (C Chamber of Deputies) 1,150,051 (S Senate) 4.8% (C Chamber of Deputies)4.4% (S Senate) 1.0 pp (C Chamber of Deputies)1.7 pp (S Senate) Giuseppe Saragat daticamera (cropped).jpg 120 120 160 Giuseppe Saragat 11 April 1957Saragat also served as secretary from 1949 to 1952 and from 1952 to 1954. Italian Democratic Socialist Party Turin (C Chamber of Deputies) 22 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 5 (S Senate) 3 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 1 (S Senate) 1,345,447 (C Chamber of Deputies) 1,164,280 (S Senate) 4.6% (C Chamber of Deputies) 4.5% (S Senate) 0.1 pp (C Chamber of Deputies)0.2 pp (S Senate) Giovanni Malagodi 1972.jpg 120 120 160 Giovanni Malagodi 4 April 1954 Italian Liberal Party Milan (C Chamber of Deputies) 17 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 4 (S Senate) 4 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 1 (S Senate) 1,047,081 (C Chamber of Deputies) 1,012,610 (S Senate) 3.5% (C Chamber of Deputies) 3.9% (S Senate) 0.5 pp (C Chamber of Deputies)1.0 pp (S Senate) 450px Results of the election in the Chamber and Senate. 450px Seat distribution for the Chamber of Deputies (left) and Senate (right). Prime Minister Prime Minister after the election Adone Zoli Christian Democracy (Italy) Amintore Fanfani Christian Democracy (Italy) The 1958 Italian general election was held in Italy on 25 May 1958.Nohlen Dieter Stöver Philip 2010 Elections in Europe: A Data Handbook hardcover Nomos 1048 978-3-8329-5609-7 The number of MPs to be elected was calculated upon the population's size for the last time. Electoral system Minor changes were made to the electoral law in 1958, creating a system which would remain unchanged until its abrogation in 1993. The pure party-list proportional representation was definitely adopted for the Chamber of Deputies. Italian provinces were united in 32 constituencies, each electing a group of candidates. At constituency level, seats were divided between open lists using the largest remainder method with Imperiali quota. Remaining votes and seats were transferred at national level, where they were divided using the Hare quota, and automatically distributed to best losers into the local lists. For the Senate, 237 single-seat constituencies were established, even if the assembly had 9 more members. The candidates needed a landslide victory of two thirds of votes to be elected: only 5 hoping senators reached this goal. All remained votes and seats were grouped in party lists and regional constituencies, where a D'Hondt method was used: inside the lists, candidates with the best percentages were elected. Historical background After De Gasperi's retirement in 1953, Fanfani emerged as the anticipated successor, a role confirmed by his appointment as party secretary from 1954 to 1959.http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,860962,00.html Italy: Young Initiative Time 12 July 1954 https://web.archive.org/web/20090813222751/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,860962,00.html 13 August 2009 2 February 2022 He reorganized and rejuvenated the national party organization of the Christian Democrats after the dependence on the church and the government which had typified the De Gasperi period.http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article//0,9171,936914,00.html Out for the Big Win Time 26 May 1958 https://web.archive.org/web/20110131182719/https://time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,936914,00.html 31 January 2011 2 February 2022 Fanfani's activist and sometimes authoritarian style, as well as his reputation as an economic reformer, ensured that the moderates within the DC, who opposed the state's intrusion into the country's economic life, regarded him with distrust. His indefatigable energy and his passion for efficiency carried him far in politics, but he was rarely able to exploit fully the opportunities that he created. One politician once remarked: "Fanfani has colleagues, associates, acquaintances and subordinates. But I have never heard much about his friends."https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,868573-2,00.html Italy: Moving to the Left Time 14 July 1958 2 February 2022 Parties and leaders Party Ideology LeaderSeats in 1953C Chamber of DeputiesS Senate of the RepublicTotal Christian Democracy (DC) Christian democracy Amintore Fanfani 263 112 375 Italian Communist Party (PCI) Communism Palmiro Togliatti 143 52 195 Italian Socialist Party (PSI) Socialism Pietro Nenni 75 26 101 Monarchist National Party (PNM) Monarchism Alfredo Covelli 40 14 54 Italian Social Movement (MSI) Neo-fascism Arturo Michelini 29 9 38 Italian Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI) Social democracy Giuseppe Saragat 19 4 23 Italian Liberal Party (PLI) Conservative liberalism Giovanni Malagodi 13 3 16 Italian Republican Party (PRI) Liberalism Oronzo Reale 5 0 5 People's Monarchist Party (PMP) Monarchism Achille LauroNew Results The election gave similar results of five years before and, consequently, the same problems of political instability of the centrist formula. Christian Democracy was polarized by a fraction which liked more leftist politics, and another one which urged for a rightist route. Party's secretary Amintore Fanfani was in the first field, and called for a dialogue with the Italian Socialist Party, which had frozen its relationships with the Italian Communist Party after the Hungarian Revolution. Fanfani led a year-term government, but the reaction of the conservative fraction gave the power to Antonio Segni, followed by Fernando Tambroni who received a decisive vote of confidence by the neo-fascist Italian Social Movement. The MSI had been banned by any type of political power since its birth under the theory of the Constitutional Arch, which stated that any government or opposition party which had voted the Italian Constitution, had to refuse any relationship with fascist and monarchist forces, seen as anti-constitutional groups. Strikes and revolts causing some casualties erupted through the country, and Tambroni had to resign. Fanfani returned to the premiership, this time with an openly centre-left programme supported by the socialist abstention. The government created the middle school for workers' sons, and the ENEL after the electric energy nationalisation. Chamber of Deputies File:Italian Chamber of Deputies 1958.svg Christian Democracy 12520207 273 +10 Italian Communist Party 6704454 140 −3 Italian Socialist Party 4206726 84 +9 Italian Social Movement 1407718 24 −5 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 1345447 22 +3 Italian Liberal Party 1047081 17 +4 People's Monarchist Party 776919 14 New Monarchist National Party 659997 11 −29 Italian Republican Party–Radical Party 405782 6 +1 Community Movement 173227 1 New South Tyrolean People's Party 135491 3 0 Movement for Piedmontese Regional Autonomy 70589 0 New Valdostan Union 30596 1 New Catholic National Resurrection Party 15929 0 New Autonomous Federation of Italian Social Democrats 9332 0 New National Labour Party 7183 0 New Autonomy Piemont-Villarboito Movement 6955 0 New Union of Trieste 6661 0 New Independence Front 6305 0 New Pro-Pensioners Movement 4987 0 New Italian Soldiers' United Front 4172 0 New European Democratic Concentration 4133 0 New Independent Divorce Movement 3955 0 New Sicilian Social Party 3136 0 New Italian National Movement 1499 0 0 Action-Renewal Movement 752 0 New Italian Social Economic Movement 571 0 New Italian Party of Borrowers and War Invalids 465 0 New 874412 +6 32434852 Ministry of the InteriorMinistry of the Interior Popular vote #ddd 550px 500px DC Christian Democracy (Italy) 42.35 PCI Italian Communist Party 22.68 PSI Italian Socialist Party 14.23 MSI Italian Social Movement 4.76 PSDI Italian Democratic Socialist Party 4.55 PLI Italian Liberal Party 3.54 PMP #002366 2.63 PNM Monarchist National Party 2.23 PRI–PR Italian Republican Party 1.37 Others Other 1.64 Seats #ddd 550px 500px DC Christian Democracy (Italy) 45.81 PCI Italian Communist Party 23.49 PSI Italian Socialist Party 14.09 MSI Italian Social Movement 4.03 PSDI Italian Democratic Socialist Party 3.69 PLI Italian Liberal Party 2.85 PMP #002366 2.35 PNM Monarchist National Party 1.85 PRI–PR Italian Republican Party 1.01 Others Other 0.84 Results by constituency ConstituencyTotalseatsSeats wonDCPCIPSIMSIPSDIPLIPMPPNMPRI–PROthersTurin2611642111Cuneo1482211Genoa21954111Milan39159713211Como148231Brescia19122311Mantua10532Trentino105113Verona291844111Venice169331Udine1482211Bologna2771041212Parma1977311Florence13562Pisa156531Siena9342Ancona19853111Perugia135431Rome391695411111L'Aquila17842111Campobasso6411Naples3414831116Benevento21104211111Bari22107311Lecce1894221Potenza84211Catanzaro2613631111Catania29136321211Palermo291363211111Cagliari1583211Aosta Valley11Trieste4211Total59627314084242217141164 Senate of the Republic File:Italian Senate 1958.svg Christian Democracy 10780954 123 +10 Italian Communist Party 5700952 59 +8 Italian Socialist Party 3682945 35 +9 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 1164280 5 +1 Italian Social Movement 1150051 8 −1 Italian Liberal Party 1012610 4 +1 People's Monarchist Party 774242 5 New Monarchist National Party 565045 2 −14 Italian Republican Party – Radical Party 363462 0 0 MSI – PNM 291359 0 0 PCI – PSI 185557 2 0 Community Movement 142897 0 New South Tyrolean People's Party 120068 2 0 Movement for Piedmontese Regional Autonomy 61088 0 New PSI – PSDI 43191 0 0 Left-wing independents 28141 1 +1 #DC142F Sardinian Action Party 25923 0 0 Key 12686 0 New Bruno Buitoni 11540 0 New Three Peaks of Lavaredo 9928 0 New Tota Sabina Civitas 6449 0 New National Monarchist Party 4729 0 New National Labour Party 3588 0 New Socialist Unification 3110 0 New Four-Leaf Clover 2818 0 New Rural Movement 2389 0 New 1275841 +9 29183501 Ministry of the InteriorMinistry of the Interior Popular vote #ddd 550px 500px DC Christian Democracy (Italy) 41.23 PCI Italian Communist Party 21.80 PSI Italian Socialist Party 14.08 PSDI Italian Democratic Socialist Party 4.45 MSI Italian Social Movement 4.40 PLI Italian Liberal Party 3.87 PMP #002366 2.96 PNM Monarchist National Party 2.16 PRI–PR Italian Republican Party 1.39 Others Other 3.66 Seats #ddd 550px 500px DC Christian Democracy (Italy) 50.00 PCI Italian Communist Party 23.98 PSI Italian Socialist Party 14.23 MSI Italian Social Movement 3.25 PSDI Italian Democratic Socialist Party 2.03 PMP #002366 2.03 PLI Italian Liberal Party 1.63 PNM Monarchist National Party 0.81 Others Other 2.03 Results by constituency ConstituencyTotalseatsSeats wonDCPCIPSIMSIPSDIPMPPLIPNMOthersPiedmont1894311Aosta Valley11Lombardy331667121Trentino-Alto Adige642Veneto2013331Friuli-Venezia Giulia6411Liguria8422Emilia-Romagna186831Tuscany16763Umbria6222Marche7421Lazio1784221Abruzzo and Molise8521Campania221052131Apulia1684211Basilicata642Calabria105311Sicily2210522111Sardinia642Total2461235935855425 References 1958 General election Italian general election