18th Arizona Territorial Legislature

Session of the Arizona Territorial Legislature (1895) February 2026 January 2025 18th 12 Andrew J. Doran 24 J. H. Carpenter 17th 19th The 18th Arizona Territorial Legislative Assembly was a session of the Arizona Territorial Legislature which met in Phoenix, Arizona. The session ran from January 21 to March 21, 1895. Due to the abrupt manner in which the session ended, none of the usual appropriations bills were passed by the legislature. Background Governor L. C. Hughes had taken office shortly before the close of the previous session.Goff 1978 147 The governor's time in office since then had been tumultuous with many influential territorial members of his own political party calling for his removal from office.Goff 1978 149 A separate issue dealt with the location of the territorial prison. While sentiment at the time called for the prison to be moved from Yuma to Prescott, House Speaker J. H. Carpenter, representing Yuma County, Arizona, wanted the prison to remain in his district.Wagoner 1970 320 Legislative session The session began on January 21, 1895, and ran for sixty days.Acts, Resolutions and Memorials adopted by the Eighteenth Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Arizona https://books.google.com/books?id=E5w3AAAAIAAJ&q=editions:nrgCFlUm5rIC 1895 Harold Book and Job Print. Phoenix, Arizona title pageWagoner 1970 320 Governor's address Governor L. C. Hughes gave his address to a joint meeting of both houses of the legislature on January 22, 1895.Goff 1978 147 His primary areas of concern were education, economic development, taxation, and improving the territory's moral climate.Wagoner 1970 319 In the area of education, the governor announced the territory had over 11,000 students enrolled in public schools being taught by 288 teachers. The University of Arizona in turn had expanded its educational services while simultaneously reducing its operating expenses by US$6,500.Wagoner 1970 319 Hughes wished to reduce the territory's high property tax rates, but to do so required the long-standing issue of undervalued appraisals to be addressed. Toward this end he recommended all property be listed at its full value on the tax rolls and that all tax exemptions be removed.Wagoner 1970 319 To aid economic development, the governor asked for creation of several new positions. The included territorial architect, commissioner of agriculture, territorial irrigation engineer, and quarantine and health officers along with a board of immigration to encourage new settlers to move to the territory.Goff 1978 147–48 Hughes wished to reduce governmental operating costs and asked for all extraneous government positions to be terminated.Wagoner 1970 319 To this end he recommended combining control of the territorial insane asylum, prison, and other related institutions into a single oversight board instead of maintaining separate board of directors for each institution.Goff 1978 147 Explicitly exempted from this recommendation were the boards of regents for the University of Arizona and territorial normal schools.Wagoner 1970 319 Dealing with moral concerns, Hughes asked for the sale of lottery tickets to be prohibited and provisions be made for the care of the blind, deaf, and mentally impaired individuals.Wagoner 1970 319 He also sought to compel territorial officers to enforce territorial laws dealing the sale of alcohol to minors, notorious cohabitation, and houses of prostitution.Goff 1978 147 This was on top of concerns about Sabbath laws, promoting rest on Sundays and passed by the 16th Arizona Territorial Legislature, being openly ignored by most territorial residents.Goff 1978 147Wagoner 1970 319 Finally Hughes was troubled with the "purity of elections", saying "In this connection I call attention to the pernicious practice which requires candidates for office to treat and drink with voters, and deposit money in saloons for 'free drinks' which is no less a bribe to the saloon keepers and the electors for political support. The custom is demoralizing and debauching to all concerned, and prevents many good citizens from becoming candidates for important elective offices."Goff 1978 147 Legislation The legislature acted upon a number of the Governor's requests. A new election law banned any candidate for office from asking another person to consume beer or other spirituous liquors.McClintock 1916 342 Counties were instructed to provide food, lodging, and medical assistance to indigent persons.Wagoner 1970 320 The most influential act came when the legislature combined the functions of oversight boards for territorial prison, reform school and insane asylum into a Board of Territorial Control.Wagoner 1970 319–20McClintock 1916 342 A county level office of commissioner of agriculture was also created.McClintock 1916 343 In other actions, the Governor was authorized to grant paroles.McClintock 1916 342 All school districts with at least 2,000 residents were authorized to create a high school.Wagoner 1970 320 As a defense preparedness action, the legislature authorized creation of a military styled "American Guard" to be composed of students in territorial public schools.McClintock 1916 342 The guard was open to any boy age eleven or older.Wagoner 1970 320 The session also authorized a US$5,000 reward to Governor Lewis Wolfley for his previous work to restructure the territorial debt in a manner that generated a US$59,006/year reduction in interest payments. The measure was passed over a veto by Governor Hughes.McClintock 1916 340 The final act of the session was creation of Navajo County from western Apache County.McClintock 1916 342 Holbrook was selected as the county seat.Wagoner 1970 320 While there was no serious opposition to creation of the new county the prolonged discussion over the new county had the effect of blocking a motion to move the territorial prison from Yuma to Prescott from being debated in the House of Representatives.McClintock 1916 342–43 Shortly after bill to create Navajo County was passed, as the clock struck midnight on the sixtieth day of the session, Speaker J. H. Carpenter declared the House adjourned sine die.Wagoner 1970 320 This was done even though prior sessions, when faced with a similar situation, had established the practice of either stopping the clock or turning the hands back to give the legislators extra time to finish their business.McClintock 1916 343 This prevented discussion on moving the territorial prison from occurring but, as a consequence of this action, the normal appropriation bills were not passed.Wagoner 1970 320 Aftermath The law creating a commissioner of agriculture in each county specified that the officer holder was to be nominated by the Territorial Governor but the position's $50/month salary was to be paid from county funds. Many county Board of Supervisors refused to pay this sum, especially after Governor Hughes chose newspapermen who were useful political allies for the governor but lacked much knowledge of agriculture. A lawsuit over the issue eventually determined the new office was legally created but did little good for Hughes as the ruling came shortly before he was removed from office.McClintock 1916 343 The abrupt adjournment of the House of Representatives resulted in the session passing no appropriation bills.Wagoner 1970 320 For the next two years territorial auditors paid accounts without explicit legal authority.McClintock 1916 343 Despite the probable illegality of these actions, no serious questions were made into the payments and the auditors were not disciplined.Wagoner 1970 320 Members House of RepresentativesWagoner 1970 522NameCountyNameCountyThomas E. Baker PinalH. C. Herrick CochiseWill C. Barnes ApacheA. E. Hinton MaricopaM. W. Bernard PimaG. W. Hull YavapaiThomas H. Brown YavapaiGeorge W. P. Hunt GilaJ. H. Carpenter (Speaker) YumaJ. A. Marshall MaricopaH. K. Chenoweth PimaJ. C. Martin YavapaiGeorge H. Crosby ApacheM. R. Moore PinalCharles L. Cummings CochiseNiels Petersen MaricopaJames Finley PimaMariano G. Samaniego PimaJoseph Fish GrahamGeorge W. Skinner GrahamO. D. M. Gaddis MohavePerry Wildman MaricopaE. F. Greenlaw CoconinoAustin C. Wright Cochise CouncilWagoner 1970 522NameCountyF. T. Aspinwall Apache E. J. Babbitt CoconinoThomas Davis PinalAndrew J. Doran (President) At LargeBurt Dunlap GrahamE. J. Edwards GilaJohn S. Jones YavapaiHenry E. Kemp MaricopaWilliam H. Lake MohaveM. J. Nugent YumaB. A. Packard CochiseJ. B. Scott Pima At Large Council member chosen by entire territory References 2 Goff John S. Arizona Territorial Officials Volume II: The Governors 1863–1912 Black Mountain Press Cave Creek, Arizona 1978 5100411 McClintock James H. James H. McClintock Arizona, Prehistoric, Aboriginal, Pioneer, Modern Vol. II S. J. Clarke Chicago 1916 https://books.google.com/books?id=xEQOAAAAIAAJ Wagoner Jay J. Arizona Territory 1863–1912: A Political history University of Arizona Press Tucson 1970 0816501769 registration https://archive.org/details/arizonaterritory00wago Further reading Arizona Territory Acts, Resolutions and Memorials Adopted by the Eighteenth Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Arizona https://books.google.com/books?id=E5w3AAAAIAAJ 1895 Herald Book and Job Print. Phoenix 17671568 18 18 Category:1895 in Arizona Territory Territorial Legislature