1802 Vrancea earthquake

Most powerful earthquake in Romanian history 1802 Vrancea earthquake yes Romania#Europe 26 October 1802 12:55Constantin A. P. Pantea A. Stoica R. 25 May 2010 Vrancea (Romania) subcrustal earthquakes: historical sources and macroseismic intensity assessment https://www.nipne.ro/rjp/2011_56_5-6/0813_0826.pdf Bucharest National Institute for Earth Physics 150 secondshttps://www.atlas-geografic.net/cel-mai-puternic-cutremur-inregistrat-vreodata-pe-teritoriul-romaniei/ Cel mai puternic cutremur înregistrat vreodată pe teritoriul României Atlas Geografic 21 May 2015 ro 7.9 Mw 150 km mi 0 on Wallachia Moldavia Ottoman Empire Russian Empire Austrian Empire Hundreds of buildings destroyed 10Significant Earthquake Information – Romania https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/1558 National Geophysical Data Centerhttp://cutremurnetforum.sd4.eu/showthread.php?tid=450 Cutremurul vrâncean major din 26 octombrie 1802 Cutremur.net ro 2014-09-15 https://web.archive.org/web/20140413143754/http://cutremurnetforum.sd4.eu/showthread.php?tid=450 2014-04-13 dead Yes 6 4 dead The 1802 Vrancea earthquake occurred in the Vrancea Mountains of today's Romania (then Moldavia) on 26 October 1802 14 October, on St. Paraskeva's Day.http://www.historia.ro/exclusiv_web/general/articol/bucurestiul-marele-cutremur-1802 Bucureștiul și Marele Cutremur de la 1802 Historia.ro Marius Ionescu ro 2014-09-15 2013-11-29 https://web.archive.org/web/20131129110912/http://www.historia.ro/exclusiv_web/general/articol/bucurestiul-marele-cutremur-1802 dead https://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/13_2444.pdf Forensic Engineering Studies on Historical Earthquakes in Romania Emil-Sever Georgescu 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering August 2004 Vancouver, B.C. 17 March 2015 With an estimated intensity of 7.9 on the moment magnitude scale, it is the strongest earthquake ever recorded in Romania and one of the strongest in European history. It was felt across an area of more than two million square kilometers in Eastern Europe and the Balkans, from Saint Petersburg to the Aegean Sea.Frohlich Cliff 7 January 2010 Deep Earthquakes https://books.google.com/books?id=-lZGdmBwSPkC&pg=PA18 Cambridge Cambridge University Press 17 978-0521123969 In Bucharest, the earthquake had an estimated intensity of VIII–IX on the Mercalli scale.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271269788 The partial collapse of Coltzea Tower during the Vrancea earthquake of 14/26 October 1802: the historical warning of long-period ground motions site effects in Bucharest Georgescu E. S. 24–26 October 2002 The International Conference Earthquake Loss Estimation and Risk Reduction Bucharest It toppled church steeplesKozák Jan Čermák Vladimír 2010 The Illustrated History of Natural Disasters https://books.google.com/books?id=JUcX4-WFxOYC Dordrecht Springer 9789048133246 and caused the Cotroceni Monastery to collapse. Numerous fires broke out, mainly from overturned stoves.October 2016 In the Ottoman Empire (today's Bulgaria), the cities of Ruse, Varna and Vidin were almost completely destroyed.Etude comparative sur quelques tremblements de terre de Roumanie, du type du celui du 10 novembre 1940 Popescu I. G. Cartea Romaneasca May–June 1941 Bucharest fr The force of the earthquake cracked walls as far north as Moscow. The main quake was followed by a series of aftershocks, of which the largest had a magnitude of 5.5.https://www.eaee.org/Media/Default/2ECCES/2ecces_esc/2549.pdf Depth and magnitude estimation of the two strongest earthquakes occurred on the Romanian territory in 19th century Second European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology Istanbul 25–29 August 2014 Constantin Angela Petruța Moldovan Iren-Adelina Toader Victorin Emilian Damage and casualties left Turnul Colţea.jpg 100 Turnul Colţei, 1841.jpg 132 Colțea Tower before and after the 26 October 1802 and 23 January 1838 earthquakes. Drawing by M. Doussault, published in l'Illustration (1842). The main shock hit Bucharest between noon and 1 p.m.Istoria Bucureştilor din cele mai vechi timpuri până astăzi Giurescu Constantin C. 1966 Bucharest The earthquake was felt for about 10 minutes and was so violent that all chimneys in the city collapsed. Numerous historical monuments were destroyed, including St. Nicholas Church, Cotroceni Monastery and the 54-meter-high Colțea Tower.https://books.google.com/books?id=q8eEtMUzvooC&pg=PA115 Harmonization of Seismic Hazard in Vrancea Zone: with Special Emphasis on Seismic Risk Reduction Craifaleanu Iolanda Paskaleva Ivanka 20 May 2008 Springer Science & Business Media 978-1-4020-9242-8 Chișinău 101–102 Zaicenco AntonColtzea Tower, earthquakes and Bucharest Georgescu Emil-Sever INCERC 1999 The Greek chronicler Dionysius Fotino reported that Prince Constantine Ypsilantis moved with his family to the Văcărești Monastery because his palace was severely damaged. However, despite the massive damage to buildings, only four deaths were reported: a Jewish woman and her baby, an itinerant merchant killed when Colțea Tower collapsed, and one other victim.https://books.google.com/books?id=NuYRAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA5-PT25 The European Magazine: And London Review, volume 42 1802 The death toll may have been so low because the houses were built far apart and surrounded by large yards and gardens, so the buildings' vibrations did not propagate. Also, the building materials—mostly shingle and timber—were light.http://old.rri.ro/arh-art.shtml?lang=1&sec=9&art=21525 The earthquake of 1802 11 May 2009 Radio România Internațional In Iași, the walls of princely courts fell, and many churches and monastery towers collapsed. In Suceava, the Armenian Church steeple cracked, while in Pașcani, cracks appeared in the walls of St. Archangels Church. Other religious buildings damaged during the earthquake include the Princely Church of the Assumption in Bârlad and Cașin Monastery in Bacău. Brașov and its surroundings, including the city's Black Church, were severely affected.Din cronica cutremurelor în Ţara Bârsei (secolele XV-XX) Nussbächer G. Kriterion 1987 54–58, 231–233 ro According to local chronicles, in the village of Bod, more than 50 houses and several churches were damaged or destroyed. In Feldioara, a column of water rose several meters into the air from a crack caused by the earthquake.Quin Michael Joseph 1836 A steam voyage down the Danube. With sketches of Hungary, Wallachia, Servia, Turkey, &c https://archive.org/details/steamvoyagedownd00quin London R. Bentley Buildings collapsed in Sibiu, including the city's Catholic church. A Kárpátmedencék földrengései (455–1918) Réthly A. 1952 Budapest hu letterhead text-align: right; none none Lord! Lord! Don't waste your people for my sins, but only me! Constantine Ypsilantis entering the church of Radovan (on his way to Bucharest) right Constantinople and neighboring provinces also suffered extensive damage. Initially, it was thought that Constantinople, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, had been completely destroyed.1816 Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle, appliquée aux arts, à l'agriculture, à l'économie rurale et domestique, à la médecine, etc New dictionary of natural history, applied arts, agriculture, rural and home economics, medicine, etc. https://archive.org/details/nouveaudictionna15metc fr Paris Chez Deterville A letter from Petrovaradin described particular devastation in the Galata district, Topkapı Palace, the Hagia Sophia and the Edirne bazaar.https://books.google.com/books?id=NuYRAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA5-PT26 The European Magazine, and London Review 42 1802 The main shock and subsequent aftershocks lasted up to 30 minutes.http://www.astrele.ro/2014/01/21/cutremurele-din-romania-partea-i/ Cutremurele din România (partea I) Astrele Mihaela Dicu 21 January 2014 ro At 1:30 p.m., violent tremors were felt in what is now Ukraine. The aftershocks, six in total, lasted three minutes and were so strong that masonry buildings in Kiev and Lviv were shaken and the city bells began to ring.1783 Nova acta Academiae scientiarum imperialis petropolitanae https://archive.org/details/novaactaacademia06impe la Petropolis Typis Academiae ScientiarumNichols Jack The Gentleman's Magazine, volume 92 https://books.google.com/books?id=td7PAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1151 1151 1802 The Gentleman's Magazine reported damage in Moscow: "the walls were cracked, the windows were shattered and vaults fell".https://books.google.com/books?id=td7PAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1151 Abstract of Foreign Occurrences The Gentleman's Magazine 92 Nichols John 1802 Anatolie Drumea, an academic from Chișinău, wrote in a letter that a nanny was walking a little boy in a stroller in the courtyard of the Lomonosov University library when, at 1:53 p.m., "the statues began to fall" and the stone benches were overturned. The boy was the future Russian poet Alexander Pushkin.http://adevarul.ro/locale/focsani/poetul-rus-aleksandr-puskin-martor-devastatorului-cutremur-avut-loc-1802-vrancea-1_535b741a0d133766a81b3cfb/index.html Poetul rus Aleksandr Puşkin, martor al devastatorului cutremur care a avut loc în 1802, în Vrancea 26 April 2014 2015-01-05 Adevărul Borcea Ştefan https://web.archive.org/web/20150221193759/http://adevarul.ro/locale/focsani/poetul-rus-aleksandr-puskin-martor-devastatorului-cutremur-avut-loc-1802-vrancea-1_535b741a0d133766a81b3cfb/index.html 21 February 2015 live Intensity IntensityLocation(s)X Wallachia BucharestIXMoldavia IașiMoldavia ChișinăuVIIIWallachia CraiovaOttoman Empire Ruse, SilistraVIIAustrian Empire Diemrich, Mühlbach, SchäßburgOttoman Empire Vidin, VarnaAustrian Empire ChernivtsiMoldavia SorocaVIRussian Empire KievOttoman Empire ConstantinopleVRussian Empire MoscowIV Restoration of Bucharest thumb|200px|Prince Constantine Ypsilantis, who ordered Bucharest's immediate restoration after the earthquake. After the earthquake, Constantine Ypsilantis ordered the immediate restoration of Bucharest. To prevent masons and craftsmen from profiting from the disaster, he set maximum wages for their work. Bucharest was rebuilt within a few years, although some buildings and structures were never restored to their pre-earthquake state. Several earthquakes occurred in subsequent years, but they caused comparatively little damage. One, on 15 June 1803, affected Bucharest's water system and rendered many pumps unusable. Three other major earthquakes occurred in 1804 and 1812.https://adevarul.ro/news/bucuresti/poveSti-bucureSti-blestemele-dumnezeu-capitalei-istoria-cutremurelor-i-au-ingrozit-bucuresteni-s-a-refacut-orasul-videofoto-1_50bded167c42d5a663d0316c/index.html# Blestemele lui Dumnezeu asupra Capitalei: istoria cutremurelor care i-au îngrozit pe bucureșteni. Cum s-a refăcut orașul! Adevărul Ramona Ursu 4 March 2012 ro See also 1986 Vrancea earthquake 1977 Vrancea earthquake 1940 Vrancea earthquake List of earthquakes in Vrancea County References 45.72 N 26.72 E title Category:Earthquakes in Romania Vrancea earthquake Category:Earthquakes in Moldova Category:1802 earthquakes Category:Earthquakes in Ukraine Category:Disasters in Bucharest Category:October 1802 Category:Hagia Sophia Category:1800s disasters in Europe