1941 Andaman Islands earthquake

Earthquake in Southeast Asia 1941 Andaman Islands earthquake 1941-06-26 11:52:03 900863 iscgem900863 1941 06 26 17:22:03 IST India 7.7–8.1 Mw 12.50 92.57 inline,title India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Sri Lanka 7 Yes Few The 1941 Andaman Islands earthquake struck the Andaman Islands on June 26 with a magnitude of 7.7 to 8.1. Details of this event are poorly known as much of Southeast Asia was in the turmoil of World War II. The quake caused severe damage in the Andaman Islands. The tsunami it triggered was reported along the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India and British Ceylon (now known as Sri Lanka). There may have been damage and deaths in Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Thailand due to the tsunami. Effects The earthquake partially collapsed Cellular Jail and destroyed other masonry buildings at Port Blair. Ground slumping, soil liquefaction and sand volcanoes were reported. Roads, bridges, embankments, seawalls and jetties were seriously damaged. Large fissures occurred in the ground. Large trees were tilted and uprooted. According to eyewitness accounts, these trees fell in a westerly direction. There was an unspecified number of deaths only described as "few". Shaking was felt over a very wide area; felt reports also came from Colombo, Chennai, Kolkata and Mumbai.National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information Significant Earthquake Information 1972 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/3681 10.7289/V5TD9V7K Data set Islands located in a passage between Little Andaman and South Andaman Islands subsided by over 1.5 m.Ortiz Modesto Bilham Roger Source area and rupture parameters of the 31 December 1881 M w = 7.9 Car Nicobar earthquake estimated from tsunamis recorded in the Bay of Bengal Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 2003 108 B4 2215 10.1029/2002JB001941 2003JGRB..108.2215O free Tsunami Although no tide gauges existed, the estimated tsunami heights were 0.75 m to 1.25 m along the east coast of India. It is claimed that 5,000 drowned in India but no reliable attribution for such figure exists. News reports misattributed these deaths with a storm surge, while The Times of India did not mention a tsunami while reporting the event. No news or scientific reports made mention of a large death toll from the tsunami. It was also unlikely that a 1 m tsunami could result in a high death toll. Reports of the tsunami effects along the Andaman Islands also did not mention any fatalities.National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service: NCEI/WDS Global Historical Tsunami Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information Tsunami Event Information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/tsunami/event-more-info/1746 10.7289/V5PN93H7 Data set Geology The earthquake occurred in a convergent boundary zone that separates the Indian plate from the Burma plate. The Indian plate subducts obliquely beneath the Burma plate at a rate of 6.7 cm/year. It was previously assigned a magnitude of 8.1 to 8.7. The International Seismological Centre assigned this event as having a moment magnitude of 8.0.ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2009) http://www.isc.ac.uk/iscgem/overview.php ISC 2022 International Seismological Centre Version 9.1 Further research suggest the earthquake did not occur as a result of rupturing the subduction zone, rather, it was a normal-faulting intraslab earthquake located within the Indian plate beneath the islands.Okal Emile A. The Large Andaman Islands Earthquake of 26 June 1941: Why No Significant Tsunami? Pure and Applied Geophysics 2019 1 7 2869–2886 10.1007/s00024-018-2082-8 2019PApGe.176.2869O 134095505 See also List of earthquakes in 1941 List of earthquakes in India References A Catalog of Felt Intensity Data for 570 Earthquakes in India from 1636 to 2009 http://www.bssaonline.org/content/100/2/562.abstract S. Martin W. Szeliga 2010 Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Seismological Society of America Electronic Supplement (table S2) 100 2 562–569 10.1785/0120080328 2010BuSSA.100..562M 2017-03-15 2016-11-12 https://web.archive.org/web/20161112172909/http://www.bssaonline.org/content/100/2/562.abstract dead subscription Sources Earthquake and tsunami of June 25, 1941 in the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal – George Pararas-Carayannis 1941 Tsunami in the Bay of Bengal https://web.archive.org/web/20171224095721/http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~lareef/tsunami/science.html#1941_Tsunami_ 2017-12-24 – Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory External links 900863 1941 Category:1940s tsunamis Category:1941 earthquakes Category:1941 in India Category:History of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Category:Tsunamis in India Category:Tsunamis in Thailand Category:Tsunamis in Myanmar Category:1941 in Burma Category:1941 in Thailand Category:1941 disasters in India Category:June 1941 in Asia