12th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment

Union Army infantry regiment 12th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment 12th Pennsylvania Regiment 12th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry File:Pennsylvania State Flag 1863 pubdomain.jpg State Flag of Pennsylvania, circa 1863. 22 April–5 August 1861 USA 1861 United States Union United States ArmyUnion Army Infantry American Civil War Pennsylvania U.S. Volunteer Infantry Regiments 1861–1865 11th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment 17th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment thumb|right|Brigadier General James A. Ekin of 12th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment. From the Liljenquist Family Collection of Civil War Photographs, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress The 12th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment of the Union Army in the American Civil War. Raised in Pittsburgh and its surrounding counties in April 1861 for three months of service, the regiment spent its first month in training, then guarded the Northern Central Railway in Maryland until it was mustered out. Many of its men went on to serve in subsequent Pennsylvania regiments during the war. History thumb|Newspaper recruitment notices for the City Guards, Duquesne Grays, and Firemen's Legion The 12th Pennsylvania was raised in Pittsburgh in April 1861 for a three-month term in response to President Abraham Lincoln's call for 75,000 men, under the supervision of Brigadier General James S. Negley. It was organized in that city on 22 April when its field officers were elected, with David Campbell, former captain of the Duquesne Grays, becoming its colonel. The regiment was partially based on the preexisting Pittsburgh militia companies known as the Duquesne Grays (Company B) and Jackson Independent Blues (Company A), some of whose members were Mexican–American War veterans, and the recently established Zouave Cadets (Company I) and City Guards (Company K). The remaining companies were formed from inexperienced volunteers: Company E (Washington Invincibles) at Washington, Companies F (Lawrence Guards) and H (Lawrence Guards) at New Castle, Company G (Monongahela Artillery) at Monongahela City, and Companies C (Firemen Legion) and D (Union Guards) at Pittsburgh.Bates 1869 121–124 The 12th became the first regiment to depart the city on 24 AprilFleming 1922 223 and arrived at Harrisburg on the next day, being quartered in churches and the Pennsylvania State Capitol. It was reviewed by state Governor Andrew Gregg Curtin in the afternoon alongside the 13th Pennsylvania Infantry before being mustered into Federal service.Bates 1869 117–118Dyer 1908 1583 The regiment promptly entrained on the Northern Central Railway for Camp Scott near York, where it spent the next several weeks training. Conditions at Camp Scott, described by Samuel Penniman Bates' postwar official history as a "field of mud," made many of its men eager for action. The 12th received uniforms and equipment on 19 May, and relieved the 1st Pennsylvania Infantry along the Northern Central from the Pennsylvania–Maryland border to Baltimore on 25 May; the Northern Central provided an important connection between Harrisburg and points further north, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C. to the south. Regimental headquarters and Companies I and K were located at Cockeysville, while the remaining companies were spread out along the railroad; it was assigned to the 3rd Brigade of the 1st Division of Patterson's Army (the Department of Pennsylvania).Dyer 1908 1583 Though the regiment had initially been thrilled at the news of its movement, it quickly found guarding the railroad monotonous, and desired action. The regiment did not train as a unit while guarding the railroad due to its dispersed positions, although Companies I and K conducted daily drill.Bates 1869 117–118 At the end of its term of service, the regiment was mustered out at Harrisburg on 5 August; it had suffered no losses during it service.Dyer 1908 1583 Major Alexander Hays of the regiment eventually became a brigadier general and was killed at the Battle of the Wilderness, one of many officers and men of the regiment who saw further service in the Union Army during the war.Bates 1869 117–118 Notable personnel Regimental quartermaster James A. Ekin became a brevet brigadier general by the end of the war and served on the military tribunal that tried the Lincoln assassination conspirators.Reed 2015 39 Private George K. Brady became an officer in the Regular Army and fought in the American Indian Wars.Powell 1890 80 Private Charles Oliver of Company G later reenlisted in the 100th Pennsylvania Infantry and was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions at the Battle of Fort Stedman in 1865, having served through most of the war.Jones 1897 590–591 Company K Private Samuel Baldwin Marks Young served through the war as an officer and joined the Regular Army, ultimately becoming the first Chief of Staff of the United States Army.Bell 2005 96 Another Company K Private, Joseph Barr Kiddoo, became an officer and rose to brevet brigadier general by the end of the war.Heitman 1903 596 Private Robert Patterson Hughes of Company E also joined the Regular Army postwar, holding command positions in the Philippine–American War.30 October 1909 Recent Deaths https://books.google.com/books?id=Nwdo_C0x7r8C&dq=robert+p.+hughes+12th+pennsylvania+1839&pg=PA233 Army and Navy Journal XLVII 233 Jonas R. McClintock, the 8th mayor of Pittsburgh was the first captain of the Duquesne Grays.History of Pittsburgh and Environs 1922 The American Historical Society, Inc. New York 281 https://books.google.com/books?id=5so0AQAAMAAJ&dq=jonas+roup+mcclintock&pg=PA281 31 May 2020 See also American Civil War Pennsylvania List of Pennsylvania Civil War regiments Pennsylvania in the Civil War References Citations Bibliography https://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/moa/aby3439.0001.001/135?page=root;size=100;view=image;q1=History+of+Pennsylvania+volunteers%2C+1861-5%3B+prepared+in+compliance+with+acts+of+the+legislature%2C+by+Samuel+P.+Bates. History of Pennsylvania volunteers, 1861-5 Bates Samuel P. State Printer 1869 I Harrisburg Commanding Generals and Chiefs of Staff 1775–2005 Bell William Gardner United States Army Center of Military History 2005 Washington, D.C. Samuel B.M. Young CMH Pub 70-14 http://www.history.army.mil/books/cg%26csa/Young-SBM.htm 2018-08-01 2017-06-09 https://web.archive.org/web/20170609210431/http://www.history.army.mil/books/CG%26CSA/Young-SBM.htm dead https://archive.org/details/08697590.3359.emory.edu A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion Dyer Frederick H. Dyer Publishing Company 1908 Des Moines, IA https://books.google.com/books?id=TPUMAAAAYAAJ History of Pittsburgh and Environs Fleming George Thornton American Historical Society 1922 II Chicago https://archive.org/details/historicalregis05heitgoog Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army Heitman Francis B. Government Printing Office 1903 Washington, D.C. https://books.google.com/books?id=F80TAAAAYAAJ The Story of American Heroism Jones J. William 1897 The Werner Company Springfield, OH https://books.google.com/books?id=sAIKAAAAIAAJ&q=powell%27s+record+of+living+officers+of+the+united+states+army Powell's Record of Living Officers of the United States Army Powell William H. L. R. Hamersly 1890 Philadelphia https://books.google.com/books?id=VsZnCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA18 Avenging Lincoln's Death: The Trial of John Wilkes Booth's Accomplices Reed Thomas J. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press 2015 978-1-61147-828-0 Lanham, Maryland External links 12th Pennsylvania Rosters (Originals) Category:Military units and formations established in 1861 Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1861 Category:Units and formations of the Union army from Pennsylvania