1808 United States presidential election

Election of James Madison November 2018 February 2023related races 1808 United States elections 1808 United States presidential election United States 1795 presidential no 1804 United States presidential election 1804 1812 United States presidential election 1812 November 4 – December 7, 1808 176 members of the Electoral College 89 electoral 36.8%http://www.electproject.org/national-1789-present National General Election VEP Turnout Rates, 1789-Present United States Election Project CQ Press live https://web.archive.org/web/20161114143528/http://www.electproject.org/national-1789-present November 14, 2016 mdy-all 13.0 pp James Madison (NPG) (Cropped).jpg x200px James Madison Democratic-Republican Party George Clinton Virginia 122 12 124,964 65.0% James Earl - General Charles Cotesworth Pinckney - Google Art Project (3x4 cropped b).jpg x200px Charles Cotesworth Pinckney Federalist Party Rufus King South Carolina 47 5 60,976 31.7% 350px Presidential election results map. Green denotes states won by Madison/Clinton, Salmon denotes states won by Pinckney/King. In addition, Light Green denotes the electoral votes won by Clinton in the state of New York. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes cast by each state. President Thomas Jefferson Democratic-Republican Party James Madison Democratic-Republican Party Presidential elections were held in the United States from November 4 to December 7, 1808. The Democratic-Republican candidate James Madison defeated Federalist candidate Charles Cotesworth Pinckney decisively. Madison had served as Secretary of State since President Thomas Jefferson took office in 1801. Jefferson, who had declined to run for a third term, threw his strong support behind Madison, a fellow Virginian. Sitting Vice President George Clinton and former Ambassador James Monroe both challenged Madison for leadership of the party, but Madison won his party's nomination and Clinton was renominated as vice president. The Federalists chose to re-nominate Pinckney, a former ambassador who had served as the party's 1804 nominee, again alongside Rufus King. Despite the unpopularity of the Embargo Act of 1807, Madison won the vast majority of electoral votes outside of the Federalist stronghold of New England. Clinton received six electoral votes for president from his home state of New York. This election was the first of two instances in American history in which a new president was selected but the incumbent vice president won re-election, the other being in 1828. Nominations Democratic-Republican Party nomination Electoral history 65px|center|link=Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican Party1808 Democratic-Republican Party Ticket white James Madison white George Clintonfor Presidentfor Vice President center|200x200px center|200x200px 5thU.S. Secretary of State(1801–1809) 4thVice President of the United States(1805–1812) thumb|203x203px|Thomas Jefferson, the incumbent president in 1808, whose second term expired on March 4, 1809 Presidential candidates James Madison (Virginia), Secretary of State James Monroe (Virginia), Former U.S. Ambassador to Great Britain George Clinton (New York), Vice President of the United States Vice-presidential candidates George Clinton (New York), Vice President of the United States John Langdon (New Hampshire), Governor Henry Dearborn (Massachusetts), Secretary of War John Quincy Adams (Massachusetts), United States Senator Caucus Senator Stephen R. Bradley, who had chaired the congressional nominating caucus during the 1804 presidential election, made a call for the 1808 caucus to the 146 Democratic-Republican members of the United States Congress and Federalist allies. The caucus was attended by 89 to 94 members of Congress.1979 National Party Conventions, 1831-1976 Congressional Quarterly The caucus was held in January 1808. With the support of outgoing President Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State James Madison won the presidential nomination over opposing candidates James Monroe and Vice President George Clinton. The caucus voted to give the vice presidential nomination to Clinton over his main opponent John Langdon, although Clinton's supporters believed Clinton would receive the Federalist Party's presidential nomination. The Federalists instead nominated Charles Cotesworth Pinckney that September. A committee of fifteen members was selected to manage Madison's campaign.Sabato Larry Ernst Howard Encyclopedia of American Political Parties and Elections 1 January 2009 Infobase Publishing 302–304 Seventeen Democratic-Republicans in Congress opposed Madison's selection and the caucus system whose authority to select presidential and vice-presidential candidates was disputed. Clinton also opposed the caucus system. Monroe, who was supported by dissident and majority leader John Randolph, was nominated by a group of Virginia Democratic-Republicans (Old Republicans), and although he did not actively try to defeat Madison, he also refused to withdraw from the race.Ammon Harry James Monroe and the Election of 1808 in Virginia The William and Mary Quarterly 1963 20 1 33–56 10.2307/1921354 1921354 Clinton was also supported by a group of New York Democratic-Republicans for president even as he remained the party's official vice presidential candidate.Kaminski John P. George Clinton: Yeoman Politician of the New Republic 1993 Rowman & Littlefield 281–288 9780945612186 https://books.google.com/books?id=CzENUusPxfoC&q=james+monroe+running+mate+1808 12 October 2015 Balloting Presidential BallotTotalVice Presidential BallotTotalJames Madison83George Clinton79James Monroe3John Langdon5George Clinton3Henry Dearborn3John Quincy Adams1 Federalist Party nomination 65px|center|link=Federalist Party|Federalist Party1808 Federalist Party Ticket black Charles Cotesworth Pinckney black Rufus Kingfor Presidentfor Vice President center|200x200px center|200x200px 6th U.S. Ministerto France(1796–1797) 3rd U.S. Ministerto Great Britain(1796–1803) The Federalist caucus met in September 1808 and re-nominated the party's 1804 ticket, which consisted of General Charles Cotesworth Pinckney of South Carolina and former Senator Rufus King of New York.Deskins Donald Richard Walton Hanes Puckett Sherman Presidential Elections, 1789-2008: County, State, and National Mapping of Election Data 2010 University of Michigan Press 49–50 This was the only time in American history that a defeated major party renominated its losing ticket for a second time. General election Campaign The election was marked by opposition to Jefferson's Embargo Act of 1807, a halt to trade with Europe that disproportionately hurt New England merchants and was perceived as favoring France over Britain. Nonetheless, Jefferson was still very popular with Americans generally and Pinckney was soundly defeated by Madison, though not as badly as in 1804. Pinckney received few electoral votes outside of New England. Results Pinckney retained the electoral votes of the two states that he carried in 1804 (Connecticut and Delaware), and he also picked up New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and three electoral districts in North Carolina besides the two electoral districts in Maryland that he carried earlier. Except for the North Carolina districts, all of the improvement was in New England. Monroe won a portion of the popular vote in Virginia and North Carolina, while the New York legislature split its electoral votes between Madison and Clinton. File: United States Electoral College 1808.svg (a), (b) (c) James Madison Democratic-Republican Virginia 124,964 64.97% 122 2 George Clinton (incumbent) New York 113 John Langdon New Hampshire 9 Charles Cotesworth Pinckney Federalist South Carolina 60,976 31.70% 47 Rufus King New York George Clinton Democratic-Republican New York — — 6 2 James Madison Virginia 3 James Monroe Virginia 3 James Monroe Democratic-Republican Virginia 5,618 2.92% 0 None N/A N/A Unpledged electors None N/A 776 0.40% 0 N/A N/A N/A 192,334 175 89 Source (Popular Vote): A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825http://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog?commit=Limit&f%5Belection_type_sim%5D%5B%5D=General&f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&page=2&q=1820&range%5Bdate_sim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1820&range%5Bdate_sim%5D%5Bend%5D=1820&search_field=all_fields&utf8=%E2%9C%93 A New Nation Votes elections.lib.tufts.edu live https://web.archive.org/web/20180513005101/https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog?commit=Limit&f%5Belection_type_sim%5D%5B%5D=General&f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&page=2&q=1820&range%5Bdate_sim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1820&range%5Bdate_sim%5D%5Bend%5D=1820&search_field=all_fields&utf8=%E2%9C%93 May 13, 2018 mdy-all Source (Electoral Vote): 1808 July 30, 2005 (a) Only 10 of the 17 states chose electors by popular vote. (b) Those states that did choose electors by popular vote had widely varying restrictions on suffrage via property requirements. (c) One Elector from Kentucky did not vote. Electoral votes by state State Electoralvotes For President For Vice President JMa James Madison GC George Clinton (vice president) CCP Charles Cotesworth Pinckney B Blank GC George Clinton (vice president) JMa James Madison JMo James Monroe JL John Langdon (politician) RK Rufus King B Blank Connecticut 9 — — 9 — — — — — 9 — Delaware 3 — — 3 — — — — — 3 — Georgia 6 6 — — — 6 — — — — — Kentucky 8 7 — — 1 7 — — — — 1 Maryland 11 9 — 2 — 9 — — — 2 — Massachusetts 19 — — 19 — — — — — 19 — New Hampshire 7 — — 7 — — — — — 7 — New Jersey 8 8 — — — 8 — — — — — New York 19 13 6 — — 13 3 3 — — — North Carolina 14 11 — 3 — 11 — — — 3 — Ohio 3 3 — — — — — — 3 — — Pennsylvania 20 20 — — — 20 — — — — — Rhode Island 4 — — 4 — — — — — 4 — South Carolina 10 10 — — — 10 — — — — — Tennessee 5 5 — — — 5 — — — — — Vermont 6 6 — — — — — — 6 — — Virginia 24 24 — — — 24 — — — — — TOTAL 175 122 6 47 1 113 3 3 9 47 1 TO WIN 89 89 Maps Popular vote by state The popular vote totals used are the elector from each party with the highest total of votes. The vote totals of Kentucky, North Carolina, and Tennessee appear to be incomplete. +StateJames MadisonDemocratic-RepublicanCharles Cotesworth PinckneyFederalistJames MonroeDemocratic-RepublicanOtherMarginRef#%#%#%#%#% Kentucky 2,679+ 76.89% 54 1.55%No ballots 751 21.56% 1,874 53.78%A New Nation Votes https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/?f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&f%5Bstate_name_sim%5D%5B%5D=Kentucky&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1808&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bend%5D=1808&search_field=dummy_range 2020-10-08 elections.lib.tufts.edu Maryland 15,336 67.30% 7,433 32.62%No ballots 18 0.08% 7,885 34.60%A New Nation Votes https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/?f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&f%5Bstate_name_sim%5D%5B%5D=Maryland&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1808&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bend%5D=1808&search_field=dummy_range 2020-10-08 elections.lib.tufts.edu New Hampshire 12,793 47.59% 14,085 52.40%No ballots 4 0.01% -1,288 -4.8%A New Nation Votes https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/?f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&f%5Bstate_name_sim%5D%5B%5D=New+Hampshire&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1808&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bend%5D=1808&search_field=dummy_range 2020-10-08 elections.lib.tufts.edu New Jersey 18,670 55.97% 14,687 44.03%No ballots 3 0.01% 3,980 11.93%A New Nation Votes https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/?f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&f%5Bstate_name_sim%5D%5B%5D=New+Jersey&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1808&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bend%5D=1808&search_field=dummy_range 2020-10-08 elections.lib.tufts.edu North Carolina 9,932+ 52.70% 7,975+ 42.32% 939+ 4.98%No ballots 1,018 5.40%A New Nation Votes https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/?f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&f%5Bstate_name_sim%5D%5B%5D=North+Carolina&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1808&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bend%5D=1808&search_field=dummy_range 2020-10-08 elections.lib.tufts.edu Ohio 3,645 60.82% 1,174 19.59% 1,174 19.59%No ballots 2,471 41.23%A New Nation Votes https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/?f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&f%5Bstate_name_sim%5D%5B%5D=Ohio&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1808&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bend%5D=1808&search_field=dummy_range 2020-10-08 elections.lib.tufts.edu Pennsylvania 42,518 78.37% 11,735 21.63%No ballotsNo ballots 30,783 56.74%A New Nation Votes https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/?f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&f%5Bstate_name_sim%5D%5B%5D=Pennsylvania&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1808&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bend%5D=1808&search_field=dummy_range 2020-10-08 elections.lib.tufts.edu Rhode Island 2,692 46.70% 3,072 53.30%No ballotsNo ballots -380 -6.60%A New Nation Votes https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/?f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&f%5Bstate_name_sim%5D%5B%5D=Rhode+Island&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1808&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bend%5D=1808&search_field=dummy_range 2020-10-08 elections.lib.tufts.edu Tennessee 1,016 ?tn All non-Madison electors were reported under an "others" section. ?tn ?tn ?tn ?tn ?tn ?tn ?tn ?tnA New Nation Votes https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/?f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&f%5Bstate_name_sim%5D%5B%5D=Tennessee&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1808&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bend%5D=1808&search_field=dummy_range 2020-10-08 elections.lib.tufts.edu Virginia 15,683 78.62% 761 3.81% 3,505 17.57%No ballots 12,178 61.05%A New Nation Votes https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/?f%5Boffice_id_ssim%5D%5B%5D=ON056&f%5Bstate_name_sim%5D%5B%5D=Virginia&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bbegin%5D=1808&range%5Bpub_date_facet_isim%5D%5Bend%5D=1808&search_field=dummy_range 2020-10-08 elections.lib.tufts.edu States that flipped from Democratic-Republican to Federalist Massachusetts New Hampshire Rhode Island Close states States where the margin of victory was under 5%: New Hampshire, 4.8% (1,288 votes) States where the margin of victory was under 10%: Rhode Island, 6.6% (380 votes) North Carolina, 5.40% (1,018 votes) Popular vote 600px 410px Madison Democratic-Republican Party 65.0 Pinckney Federalist Party 31.7 Monroe Democratic-Republican Party 2.9 Unpledged electors Independent 0.4 Electoral vote (presidential) 600px 410px Madison Democratic-Republican Party 69.7 Pinckney Federalist Party 26.9 Clinton Democratic-Republican Party 3.4 Electoral vote (vice presidential) 600px 410px Clinton Democratic-Republican Party 64.6 King Federalist Party 26.9 Langdon Democratic-Republican Party 5.1 Madison Democratic-Republican Party 1.7 Monroe Democratic-Republican Party 1.7 Electoral college selection Each Elector appointed by state legislature Connecticut Delaware Georgia Massachusetts New York South Carolina Vermont Each Elector chosen by voters statewide New Hampshire New Jersey Ohio Pennsylvania Rhode Island Virginia State is divided into two electoral districts and half the electors are chosen from each district. Kentucky State is divided into electoral districts, with one Elector chosen per district by the voters of that district Maryland North Carolina Tennessee See also History of the United States (1789–1849) First inauguration of James Madison 1808–09 United States House of Representatives elections 1808–09 United States Senate elections Notes References Further reading Brant, Irving, "Election of 1808" in Arthur Meier Schlesinger and Fred L. Israel, eds. History of American presidential elections, 1789-1968: Volume 1 (1971) pp 185-249 Carson, David A. "Quiddism and the Reluctant Candidacy of James Monroe in the Election of 1808," Mid-America 1988 70(2): 79–89 External links Election of 1808 in Counting the Votes https://web.archive.org/web/20191001182320/http://www.countingthevotes.com/1808/ October 1, 2019 Presidential Election of 1808: A Resource Guide from the Library of Congress A Historical Analysis of the Electoral College The Green Papers http://www.thegreenpapers.com/Hx/ElectoralCollege.html March 20, 2005 A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns, 1787-1825 collapsed Category:Presidency of James Madison Category:James Madison Category:George Clinton Category:Rufus King