2014 Gaza War

Armed conflict in the Gaza Strip other conflicts called the "Gaza War" Gaza War (2008–2009) 2012 Gaza War Gaza war yes November 2019 2014 Gaza War the Gaza–Israel conflict and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict 8 July – 26 August 2014(2014-07-08 2014-08-26) Gaza Strip and Israel Both sides claim victoryPrusher Ilene Israel and Palestinians Reach Open-Ended Cease-Fire Deal https://time.com/3182848/israel-gaza-ceasefire-abbas-netanyahu/ 5 September 2014 Time 26 August 2014 17 November 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201117074716/https://time.com/3182848/israel-gaza-ceasefire-abbas-netanyahu/ live According to Hamas, Israel was repelled from Gazahttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israelgaza-conflict-hamas-says-longterm-truce-agreed-with-israel-9691910.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israelgaza-conflict-hamas-says-longterm-truce-agreed-with-israel-9691910.html 1 May 2022 subscription Israel-Gaza conflict: Hamas claims 'victory for the resistance' as long-term truce is agreed with Israel The Independent 30 September 2014 London Mohammed Daraghmeh Karin Laub 26 August 2014 According to Israel, Hamas was severely weakened and achieved none of its demandsNetanyahu: Hamas suffered its greatest blow since it was founded https://www.jpost.com/arab-israeli-conflict/netanyahu-hamas-failed-achieved-nothing-except-sustaining-worst-blow-since-its-founding-372535 2022-04-29 The Jerusalem Post 27 August 2014 en-US 27 May 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210527093925/https://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Netanyahu-Hamas-failed-achieved-nothing-except-sustaining-worst-blow-since-its-founding-372535 live 140px 155px Left, right:Destroyed Palestinian house in Gaza Iron Dome intercepts Palestinian rockets aimed at Ashdod Israel Gaza Strip Hamas Palestinian Islamic Jihad Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestinehttp://pflp.ps/english/2014/08/09/abu-jamal-palestinian-resistance-continues-to-confront-the-occupier-with-rockets-and-missiles Abu Jamal: Palestinian resistance continues to confront the occupier with rockets and missiles PFLP 10 August 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140812224510/http://pflp.ps/english/2014/08/09/abu-jamal-palestinian-resistance-continues-to-confront-the-occupier-with-rockets-and-missiles/ 12 August 2014 Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine"Qassam brigades claim rocket, mortar fire at southern Israel https://web.archive.org/web/20141219025332/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=715014 19 December 2014 ", Ma'an News Agency, Monday 21 July 2014. Popular Resistance Committees Flag of Jihad.svg Abdullah Azzam BrigadesBen Solomon Ariel Videos show Lebanese jihadi group active in Gaza https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Videos-show-Lebanese-jihadi-group-active-in-Gaza-362355 The Jerusalem Post 11 July 2014 11 July 2014 27 November 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054054/https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Videos-show-Lebanese-jihadi-group-active-in-Gaza-362355 live Flag of Jihad.svg Jaysh al-Ummahhttps://ecfr.eu/special/mapping_palestinian_politics/jaysh_al_umma_gaza/ Jaysh al-Ummah (Gaza) European Council on Foreign Relations 18 June 2021 6 November 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20211106211556/https://ecfr.eu/special/mapping_palestinian_politics/jaysh_al_umma_gaza/ live FatahMiller Elhanan https://www.timesofisrael.com/moderate-fatah-joins-hamas-and-islamic-jihad-in-missile-launches Armed wing linked to Mahmoud Abbas's faction says it shot rockets at Ashkelon, Sderot and elsewhere Wednesday night The Times of Israel 10 July 2014 20 October 2014 20 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141020034630/https://www.timesofisrael.com/moderate-fatah-joins-hamas-and-islamic-jihad-in-missile-launches/ live Israel Benjamin Netanyahu(Prime Minister)Israel Moshe Ya'alon(Defense Minister)Israel Benny Gantz(Chief of General Staff)Israel Amir Eshel(Air Force Commander)Israel Ram Rothberg(Naval Commander)Israel Sami Turgeman(Southern Commander)Israel Mickey Edelstein(Gaza Division)Israel Yoram Cohen(Chief of Shin Bet) Palestine Khaled Mashal(Leader of Hamas)Palestine Ismail Haniyeh(Deputy Chief of Hamas)Palestine Mohammed Deif(Head of Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades)Palestine Ramadan Shalah(Leader of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad) IsraelIsrael Shin Bet Hamas Izz ad-Din al-Qassam BrigadesFatahPopular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Abu Ali Mustafa BrigadesPopular Resistance Committees Al-Nasser Salah al-Deen BrigadesPalestinian Islamic Jihad Al-Quds Brigades 176,500 active personnel565,000 reservistsThe Military Balance 2012 International Institute for Strategic Studies International Institute for Strategic Studies Hackett, James 7 March 2012 Routledge London 978-1-85743-642-6 IISS2012 (2012 figures, of which not all are directly involved) Al-Qassam Brigades: 20,000http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=711780 Rockets, naval commandos boost Hamas arsenal Maannews.net 25 July 2014 4 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140729201253/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=711780 29 July 2014 dead –40,000http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/hamas-gains-credibility-fighting-force-analysts-say-371780262 Hamas growing in military stature, say analysts Middleeasteye.net 17 July 2014 4 August 2014 21 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140721020702/http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/hamas-gains-credibility-fighting-force-analysts-say-371780262 live Al-Quds Brigades: 8,000http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/149498#.TrhgmnF4Vow Iran Backs Islamic Jihad's 8,000-Man Army in Gaza Ben Gedalyahu Ben 7 November 2011 Israel National News Arutz Sheva 7 November 2011 25 December 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20181225062740/http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/149498#.TrhgmnF4Vow live 67 soldiers killedhttp://www.ynet.co.il/home/0,7340,L-11584,00.html Operation Protective Edge, Casualties 28 August 2014 18 November 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201118191419/https://www.ynet.co.il/home/0,7340,L-11584,00.html live469 soldiers woundedCease fire in Operation "Protective Edge" is holding MDA sums up 50 days of saving lives https://web.archive.org/web/20150626112327/http://www.mdais.com/316/7004.htm 26 June 2015, Magen David Adom, 29 August 2014: 'During the 50 days of Operation "Protective Edge", MDA teams treated 842 civilians, including 6 who were killed by shrapnel of rockets, and another 36 who were injured by shrapnel in varying degrees, including: 10 casualties in serious condition, 6 in a moderate condition and 20 who were slightly wounded. In addition, MDA teams also treated during Operation "Protective Edge" 33 people who were injured by shattered glass and building debris, 18 who were injured in road traffic accidents which occurred when the sirens were heard, including 1 person in a serious condition, and the rest lightly or moderately wounded. 159 people were injured as a result of falling and trauma on the way to the shelters and 581 people suffered anxiety attacks.'2 soldiers capturedRaghavan Sudarsan Missing Israeli soldier, canceled flights could shift dynamic of Gaza conflict https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/hamas-may-have-captured-israeli-soldier/2014/07/22/dfb18de2-1170-11e4-98ee-daea85133bc9_story.html 15 October 2014 The Washington Post 22 July 20146 civilians (1 Thai) killed87 civilians wounded Gaza Health Ministry: 2,310 killed'Ministry: Death toll from Gaza offensive topped 2,310,' https://web.archive.org/web/20150111023729/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=751290 11 January 2015 Ma'an News Agency 3 January 2015. (70% civiliansSterman Adiv Berman Lazar https://www.timesofisrael.com/islamic-jihad-121-of-our-fighters-killed-in-gaza/ Islamic Jihad: 121 of our fighters killed in Gaza The Times of Israel 29 August 2014 30 September 2014 12 November 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201112042500/https://www.timesofisrael.com/islamic-jihad-121-of-our-fighters-killed-in-gaza/ live), 10,626 woundedUN HRC: 2,251 killed (65% civilians)B'Tselem: 2,203 killed (64% civilians)Israeli government: 2,125 killednote p. 10, para. 21: "Israel does not presume to be able to produce a definitive account of all fatalities that occurred during the 2014 Gaza Conflict." (44% combatants)PCHR: 2,216 killed (69% civilians) More than 23 Palestinians executed by Hamas or AlQassam for alleged espionage.2015-05-27 Gaza: Palestinians tortured, summarily killed by Hamas forces during 2014 conflict https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2015/05/gaza-palestinians-tortured-summarily-killed-by-hamas-forces-during-2014-conflict/ 2022-04-29 Amnesty International en 'Strangling Necks': Abduction, torture and summary killings of Palestinians by Hamas forces during the 2014 Gaza/Israel conflict highlights a series of abuses, such as the extrajudicial execution of at least 23 Palestinians and the arrest and torture of dozens of others, including members and supporters of Hamas's political rivals, Fatah. 10 October 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20231010112615/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2015/05/gaza-palestinians-tortured-summarily-killed-by-hamas-forces-during-2014-conflict/ live The 2014 Gaza War, also known as Operation Protective Edge (he מִבְצָע צוּק אֵיתָן Miv'tza Tzuk Eitan, Operation Strong Cliffnote The IDF's official Arabic name for the operation, translated into English, is "Operation Resolute Cliff".Ghert-Zand Renee Name 'Protective Edge' doesn't cut it https://www.timesofisrael.com/name-protective-edge-doesnt-cut-it The Times of Israel 18 July 2014 9 July 2014 1 October 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201001180304/https://www.timesofisrael.com/name-protective-edge-doesnt-cut-it/ live Kordova, Shoshana Why is the English name of Operation Protective Edge so different from the Hebrew version? https://www.haaretz.com/2014-07-19/ty-article/.premium/word-of-the-day-tzuk-cast-lead-ii/0000017f-dc49-d3a5-af7f-feefdd510000 Haaretz 19 July 2014 27 July 2014 12 May 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150512155434/http://www.haaretz.com/news/features/word-of-the-day/.premium-1.605936#! live Hadad Ofir 2021-07-04 A Battle of Names: Hamas and Israeli Operations in the Gaza Strip https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09546553.2019.1594789 Terrorism and Political Violence en 33 5 941–942 10.1080/09546553.2019.1594789 0954-6553 subscription https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2014/09/03/heres-what-really-happened-in-the-gaza-war-according-to-the-israelis/ Here's what really happened in the Gaza war (according to the Israelis) The Washington Post Booth William 3 September 2014 26 August 2016 16 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160916192730/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2014/09/03/heres-what-really-happened-in-the-gaza-war-according-to-the-israelis/ live https://www.haaretz.com/st/c/prod/eng/2015/year-to-gaza-war/israel-gaza-conflict/ The last Gaza war–and the next Haaretz Harel Amos Amos Harel 8 July 2015 26 August 2016 26 December 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20161226171944/http://www.haaretz.com/st/c/prod/eng/2015/year-to-gaza-war/israel-gaza-conflict/ dead https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2016/08/24/world/middleeast/ap-ml-israel-gaza-war-probe.html Israel Clears Forces in Several Deadly 2014 Gaza War Cases The New York Times Associated Press 24 August 2016 26 August 2016), and Battle of the Withered Grain (ar معركة العصف المأكول Maʿrakat al-ʿAṣf al-Maʾkūlريان براء نزار https://www.aljazeera.net/blogs/2017/12/18/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%88%D9%88%D9%87%D9%85-%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9 فلسطين.. ووهم أسلمة الصراع! =1 December 2023 Al Jazeera 3 December 2023 26 February 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240226023131/https://www.aljazeera.net/amp/blogs/2017/12/18/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%88%D9%88%D9%87%D9%85-%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9 live https://www.aljazeera.net/encyclopedia/2015/7/7/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%af%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b3%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%ba%d8%b2%d8%a9-2014 العدوان الإسرائيلي على غزة 2014 = Aljazeera 3 December 2023 3 December 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20231203070053/https://www.aljazeera.net/amp/encyclopedia/2015/7/7/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-2014 live ), was a military operation launched by Israel on 8 July 2014 in the Gaza Strip, a Palestinian territory governed by Hamas since 2007 and which was occupied by Israel since 1967 until its disengagement in 2005.Though Hamas governs the Gaza Strip, the majority of the international community (including the UN General Assembly, the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, the International Criminal Court, and many human rights organizations) consider Israel to be occupying Gaza, as it controls the region's airspace, coastline and most of its borders. Following the kidnapping and murder of three Israeli teenagers in the West Bank by Palestinian militants, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) initiated Operation Brother's Keeper, in which it killed 10 Palestinians, injured 130 and imprisoned more than 600.Nathan Thrall 1 August 2014 Hamas's Chances http://www.lrb.co.uk/v36/n16/nathan-thrall/hamass-chances London Review of Books 36 16 3 August 2014 16 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190416032651/https://www.lrb.co.uk/v36/n16/nathan-thrall/hamass-chances live Jack Khoury, Hamas claims responsibility for three Israeli teens' kidnapping and murder' https://web.archive.org/web/20201010052244/https://www.haaretz.com/hamas-admits-kidnap-murder-of-3-teens-1.5260283/ 10 October 2020 , Haaretz, 21 August 2014.'Mashal: Hamas was behind murder of three Israeli teens' https://web.archive.org/web/20230916104726/https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4562328,00.html 16 September 2023 , Ynet, 22 August 2014. Hamas reportedly did not retaliate but resumed rocket attacks on Israel more than two weeks later, following the killing of one of its militants by an Israeli airstrike on 29 June. This escalation triggered a seven-week-long conflict between the two sides, one of the deadliest outbreaks of open conflict between Israel and the Palestinians in decades. The war resulted in over two thousand deaths, the vast majority of which were Gazan Palestinian civilians.Zonszein Mairav https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/27/israel-kills-more-palestinians-2014-than-any-other-year-since-1967 Israel killed more Palestinians in 2014 than in any other year since 1967 2015-03-27 The Guardian 2020-03-03 en-GB 0261-3077 12 April 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220412025048/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/27/israel-kills-more-palestinians-2014-than-any-other-year-since-1967 live This includes a total of six Israeli civilians who were killed as a result of the conflict.https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde21/1178/2015/en/ State of Palestine: Unlawful and deadly: Rocket and mortar attacks by Palestinian armed groups during the 2014 Gaza/Israel conflict - Amnesty International Armed Palestinian 26 March 2015 January 16, 2024 2024-01-17 19 January 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240119172449/https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde21/1178/2015/en/ live The Israeli military operation aimed to stop rocket fire into Israel from the Gaza Strip. Conversely, Hamas' attacks aimed to bring international pressure onto Israel with the strategic goal of forcing the latter to lift the naval and air blockade of the Gaza Strip; among its other goals were to end Israel's attacks on Palestinians, obtain a third party to monitor and guarantee compliance with a ceasefire,http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/7/16/gaza-ceasefire-accountability.html Citing past failures, Hamas demands an enforceable cease-fire america.aljazeera.com 20 August 2014 28 January 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160128202908/http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/7/16/gaza-ceasefire-accountability.html live release Palestinian political prisoners and overcome its isolation.'Hamas and Israel cling to their war aims,' https://web.archive.org/web/20150216194404/http://www.dw.de/hamas-and-israel-cling-to-their-war-aims/a-17801137 16 February 2015 Deutsche Welle 23 July 2014. According to the BBC, Israel launched airstrikes on the Gaza Strip in retaliation to the rocket attacks by Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), and other Palestinian militant groups.'Hamas 'ready for Gaza ceasefire' if Israeli raids stop,' https://web.archive.org/web/20180527011851/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28156268 27 May 2018 BBC News 4 July 2014. On 7 July, after seven Hamas militants died in a tunnel explosion in Khan Yunis that was caused either by an Israeli airstrike (per Hamas, Nathan Thrall, BBC, and a senior IDF official)Zitun Yoav 7 July 2014 IDF: We uncovered Gaza terror tunnel leading to Israel Yedioth Ynet http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4539146,00.html 1 November 2015 18 November 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151118212034/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4539146,00.html live or an accidental explosion of their own munitions (per the IDF), Hamas assumed responsibility for rockets fired into Israel, and subsequently launched 40 more rockets towards Israel.Christa Case Bryant, 'Ending détente, Hamas takes responsibility for today's spike in rocket fire (+video)' https://web.archive.org/web/20170707114455/https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2014/0707/Ending-detente-Hamas-takes-responsibility-for-today-s-spike-in-rocket-fire-video 7 July 2017 , The Christian Science Monitor, 7 July 2014: "After days of steadily increasing strikes, Hamas militants in Gaza launched at least 40 rockets tonight alone in what appears to be a decision to escalate the conflict. The dramatic spike in rocket attacks is likely to put significant pressure on Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to heed calls for an all-out offensive against the Islamist movement, which Israel and the US consider a terrorist organization. While there has been intermittent rocket fire from Gaza since the cease-fire that ended the November 2012 Pillar of Defense conflict, Israel has credited Hamas with largely doing its best to keep the various militant factions in line. Today, however, Hamas took direct responsibility for the fire for the first time, sending a barrage of dozens of rockets into Israel in the worst day of such violence in two years."Gaza-Israel conflict: Is the fighting over? https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28252155 28 August 2014 BBC 26 August 2014 27 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140827200022/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28252155 live The Israeli aerial operation officially began the following day, and on 17 July, it was expanded to include a full-scale ground invasion of the Gaza Strip with the stated aim of destroying Gaza's tunnel system;Gaza conflict: Israel and Palestinians agree long-term truce BBC News 27 August 2014 https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28939350 21 June 2018 14 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190414134424/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28939350 live the Israeli ground invasion ended on 5 August. On 26 August, an open-ended ceasefire was announced.Sherwood Harriet Balousha Hazem Gaza ceasefire: Israel and Palestinians agree to halt weeks of fighting https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/26/gaza-ceasefire-israel-palestinians-halt-fighting 29 August 2014 The Guardian UK 27 August 2014 13 June 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180613215443/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/26/gaza-ceasefire-israel-palestinians-halt-fighting live By this time, the IDF reported that Hamas, PIJ, and other Palestinian militant groups had fired 4,564 rockets and mortars into Israel, with over 735 projectiles having been intercepted mid-flight and shot down by Israel's Iron Dome. Most Gazan mortar and rocket fire was inaccurate, and consequently hit open land; more than 280 projectiles had landed within the Gaza Strip,IMRA - Wednesday, July 30, 2014 IDF: Over the past 24 hours 36% of rockets fired at Israel fell short http://www.imra.org.il/story.php?id=64534 2022-04-29 www.imra.org.il 12 October 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20171012111055/http://www.imra.org.il/story.php3?id=64534 live Up to 25 Percent of Hamas Rockets Fall Short and Kill Gazan Civilians http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/07/30/algemeiner-editor-dovid-efune-up-to-25-percent-of-hamas-rockets-fall-short-and-kill-gazan-civilians-video/ 22 March 2016 14 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190414150442/http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/07/30/algemeiner-editor-dovid-efune-up-to-25-percent-of-hamas-rockets-fall-short-and-kill-gazan-civilians-video/ live and 224 had struck residential areas.Ynetnews 2014-08-27 Operation Protective Edge in numbers en Ynetnews https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4564678,00.html 2022-04-29 2 June 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150602013754/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4564678,00.html live https://www.timesofisrael.com/day-50-hamas-confirms-talk-of-new-truce-rockets-from-lebanon-fired-at-galilee-idf-hits-back/#ixzz3BVpRZLr5 Egypt says Gaza truce to begin at 7; Israeli killed in mortar strike Ricky Ben-David Haviv Rettig Gur Yifa Yaakov 26 August 2014 Times of Israel 26 August 2014 12 October 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20171012123927/https://www.timesofisrael.com/day-50-hamas-confirms-talk-of-new-truce-rockets-from-lebanon-fired-at-galilee-idf-hits-back/#ixzz3BVpRZLr5 live Palestinian rocketry also killed 13 Palestinian civilians in Gaza, 11 of them children.'Palestinian armed groups killed civilians on both sides in attacks amounting to war crimes,' https://web.archive.org/web/20150518173408/https://www.amnesty.org/en/articles/news/2015/03/palestinian-armed-groups-killed-civilians-on-both-sides-in-2014-gaza-conflict/ 18 May 2015 Amnesty International 26 March 2015'Unlawful and deadly Rocket and mortar attacks by Palestinian armed groups during the 2014 Gaza/Israel conflict,' https://web.archive.org/web/20170802044938/https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/MDE2111782015ENGLISH.PDF 2 August 2017 Amnesty International, 26 March 2015. The IDF attacked 5,263 targets in the Gaza Strip; at least 34 known tunnels were destroyed and two-thirds of Hamas's 10,000-rocket arsenal was either used up or destroyed.Rockets, airstrikes after Gaza war truce collapses http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/aug/9/rockets-airstrikes-after-gaza-war-truce-collapses/?page=all The Washington Times 2 September 2014 5 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160305055933/http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/aug/9/rockets-airstrikes-after-gaza-war-truce-collapses/?page=all live AP ANALYSIS: Hamas enters talks with Israel on Gaza from a point of military weakness https://www.foxnews.com/world/ap-analysis-hamas-enters-talks-with-israel-on-gaza-from-a-point-of-military-weakness/ Fox News 6 August 2014 2 September 2014 24 September 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150924190154/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/08/06/ap-analysis-hamas-enters-talks-with-israel-on-gaza-from-point-military-weakness/ live Between 2,125Annex: Palestinian Fatality Figures in the 2014 Gaza Conflict https://web.archive.org/web/20150622200823/http://mfa.gov.il/ProtectiveEdge/Documents/PalestinianFatalities.pdf 22 June 2015 from report The 2014 Gaza Conflict: Factual and Legal Aspects https://web.archive.org/web/20150614142520/http://mfa.gov.il/ProtectiveEdge/Documents/2014GazaConflictFullReport.pdf 14 June 2015, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 14 June 2015 and 2,310 Gazans were killed during the conflict while between 10,626 and 10,895http://www.pchrgaza.org/portal/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=10491:statistics-victims-of-the-israeli-offensive-on-gaza-since-08-july-2014&catid=145:in-focus Statistics: Victims of the Israeli Offensive on Gaza since 8 July 2014 Pchrgaza.org 27 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150626164255/http://www.pchrgaza.org/portal/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=10491:statistics-victims-of-the-israeli-offensive-on-gaza-since-08-july-2014&catid=145:in-focus 26 June 2015 dead were wounded (including 3,374 children, of whom over 1,000 were left permanently disabled).Operation Protective Edge: A war waged on Gaza's children, https://web.archive.org/web/20150420234058/http://www.dci-palestine.org/sites/default/files/operationprotectiveedge.awarwagedonchildren.160415.pdf 20 April 2015 Defence for Children International-Palestine, Ramallah, 16 April 2015. Gazan civilian casualty estimates range between 70 percent by the Gaza Health Ministry,http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_sitrep_04_09_2014.pdf Occupied Palestinian Territory: Gaza Emergency 4 September 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140913014525/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_sitrep_04_09_2014.pdf 13 September 2014 4 September 2014 65 percent by the United Nations' (UN) Protection Cluster by OCHA (based in part on Gaza Health Ministry reports),Report of the detailed findings of the Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/CoIGaza/A_HRC_CRP_4.doc live https://web.archive.org/web/20170725150151/http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/CoIGaza/A_HRC_CRP_4.doc 25 July 2017 2 June 2024 and 36 percent by Israeli officials.http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/Data/articles/Art_20774/E_020_15_614553775.pdf Examination of the names of Palestinians killed in Operation Protective Edge – Part Ten* 19 February 2015 Israeli Intelligence & Heritage Commemoration Center 19 February 2015 12 November 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151112075614/http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/Data/articles/Art_20774/E_020_15_614553775.pdf live The UN estimated that more than 7,000 homes for 10,000 families were razed, together with an additional 89,000 homes damaged, of which roughly 10,000 were severely affected by the bombing.'UN doubles estimate of destroyed Gaza homes,' https://web.archive.org/web/20230930233342/https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4605408,00.html 30 September 2023 Ynet 19 December 2015. Rebuilding costs were calculated to run from 4–6 billion USD yes over the course of 20 years.'Housing group: 20 years to rebuild Gaza after fighting with Israel' https://web.archive.org/web/20151004033430/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.613194 4 October 2015 Haaretz 30 August 2014. 67 Israeli soldiers, 5 Israeli civilians (including one child)Israeli child 'killed by rocket fired from Gaza', BBC and one Thai civilian were killed while 469 Israeli soldiers and 261 Israeli civilians were injured. On the Israeli side, the economic impact of the operation is estimated to have had an impact of 8.5 billion ILS yes (approximately 2.5 billion USD yes no) and a GDP loss of 0.4 percent. Background Gaza–Israel conflict thumb|upright=1.3|Histogram of Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel per day and start of the military operation (in red), 2014 In 2005, following the conclusion of the Second Intifada, Israel disengaged from the Gaza Strip, which it had previously occupied since 1967. The unilateral withdrawal plan began in August 2005 and was completed in September 2005.'The Guardian view on the causes of the fighting in Gaza' https://web.archive.org/web/20180913040538/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/jul/25/guardian-view-causes-fighting-gaza 13 September 2018 , The Guardian, 25 July 2014. Nonetheless, the ICRC,Maurer Peter Challenges to international humanitarian law: Israel's occupation policy http://www.icrc.org/eng/assets/files/review/2013/irrc-888-maurer.pdf ICRC 2 September 2014 12 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141112075450/https://www.icrc.org/eng/assets/files/review/2013/irrc-888-maurer.pdf live the UNNeuer Hillel Hamas says Gaza 'not occupied'; UN disagrees https://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Op-Ed-Contributors/Hamas-says-Gaza-not-occupied-UN-disagrees The Jerusalem Post 4 January 2012 2 September 2014 12 September 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180912130922/https://www.jpost.com//Opinion/Op-Ed-Contributors/Hamas-says-Gaza-not-occupied-UN-disagrees live and various human rights organizationsAmnesty International Public Statement http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2009_2014/documents/droi/dv/201/201102/20110207_510inquiry_en.pdf 2 September 2014 12 October 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20171012111015/http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2009_2014/documents/droi/dv/201/201102/20110207_510inquiry_en.pdf live Israel: 'Disengagement' Will Not End Gaza Occupation https://www.hrw.org/en/news/2004/10/28/israel-disengagement-will-not-end-gaza-occupation Human Rights Watch 28 October 2004 2 September 2014 15 April 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150415205835/http://www.hrw.org/en/news/2004/10/28/israel-disengagement-will-not-end-gaza-occupation live The scope of Israeli control in the Gaza Strip http://www.btselem.org/gaza_strip/gaza_status B'Tselem 2 September 2014 8 November 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20171108043636/http://www.btselem.org/gaza_strip/gaza_status live consider Israel still to be the de facto occupying power due to its control of Gaza's borders, air space and territorial waters.Is Gaza 'occupied' territory? http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/01/06/israel.gaza.occupation.question/index.html CNN 2 September 2014 6 January 2009 28 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140728052859/http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/01/06/israel.gaza.occupation.question/index.html live Goldstone Richard Jilani Hina Travers Desmond Chinkin Christine Report of the United Nations Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/12session/A-HRC-12-48.pdf UNHRC 2 September 2014 28 September 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180928070929/https://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/12session/A-HRC-12-48.pdf live page 16 In 2006, Hamas won a majority of seats in the Palestinian legislative elections. This outcome surprised Israel and the United States who had anticipated the return of the Fatah opposition to power and, together with the Quartet, they demanded Hamas accept all previous agreements, recognize Israel's right to exist, and renounce violence. When Hamas refused, stating that the demand left it "handcuffed",Graff James Demands, But No Deadlines for Hamas https://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1154653,00.html Time 30 January 2006 Time Magazine 2 June 2024 2 June 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240602215109/https://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1154653,00.html live Israel cut off aid to the Palestinian Authority. In mid-2006, an Israeli soldier was captured by Hamas in a cross-border raid. The United States and Israel, in response to Fatah moves in October 2006 to form a unity government with Hamas, tried to undo the elections by arming and training Fatah to overthrow Hamas in Gaza.Nathan Thrall,'Our Man in Palestine,' https://web.archive.org/web/20151016073306/http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2010/oct/14/our-man-palestine/ 16 October 2015 The New York Review of Books, 14 October 2010: 'Dayton, meanwhile, was overseeing the recruitment, training, and equipping of Abbas's rapidly expanding security forces. Khaled Meshaal, chief of Hamas's politburo, delivered a fiery speech denouncing "the security coup" as a "conspiracy" supported by "the Zionists and the Americans"—charges Fatah denied. In February 2007, on the brink of civil war, Fatah and Hamas leaders traveled to Mecca, where they agreed to form a national unity government, a deal the US opposed because it preferred that Fatah continue to isolate Hamas. Fayyad became finance minister in the new government, despite, he says, American pressure not to join. The Peruvian diplomat Alvaro de Soto, former UN envoy to the Quartet, wrote in a confidential "End of Mission Report" that the violence between Hamas and Fatah could have been avoided had the US not strongly opposed Palestinian reconciliation. "The US", he wrote, "clearly pushed for a confrontation between Fateh and Hamas."' In June 2007, Hamas took complete power of Gaza by force.Shlaim Avi The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World 2014 W. W. Norton 978-0-393-34686-2 798 2nd https://books.google.com/books?id=_2r8CQAAQBAJ 1 August 2019 2 June 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240602053428/https://books.google.com/books?id=_2r8CQAAQBAJ live Spencer C. Tucker Priscilla Mary Roberts Anthony C. Zinni The Encyclopedia of Middle East Wars : The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq conflicts https://archive.org/details/encyclopediamidd00tuck_298 limited 2010 ABC-CLIO Santa Barbara, Calif. 978-1-85109-947-4 3Chomsky Noam Ceasefires in Which Violations Never Cease http://www.huffingtonpost.com/noam-chomsky/ceasefires-in-which-violations-never-cease_b_5790166.html Huffington Post 26 October 2014 9 September 2014 26 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141026165129/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/noam-chomsky/ceasefires-in-which-violations-never-cease_b_5790166.html live Ismael Tareq Ismael Jacqueline Ismael Shereen Government and Politics of the Contemporary Middle East : Continuity and Change 2011 Routledge London 978-0-415-49144-0 327 1st publishedRose David The Gaza Bombshell http://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2008/04/gaza200804 Vanity Fair April 2008 2 June 2024 9 April 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230409024532/http://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2008/04/gaza200804 live Israel then defined Gaza as a "hostile territory" forming no part of a sovereign state and put Gaza under a comprehensive economic and political blockade,Elizabeth Spelman, 'The Legality of the Israeli Naval Blockade of the Gaza Strip' https://web.archive.org/web/20180422065055/http://webjcli.org/article/view/207/277 22 April 2018 , Web Journal of Current Legal Issues, Vol 19, No 1, 2013 which also denied access to a third of its arable land and 85% of its fishing areas. It has led to considerable economic damage and humanitarian problems in Gaza.Gaza closure: not another year! http://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/update/palestine-update-140610.htm International Committee of the Red Cross 14 June 2010 2 June 2024 26 August 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180826191845/https://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/update/palestine-update-140610.htm live Roy Sara Deprivation in the Gaza Strip https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2014/07/19/deprivation-gaza-strip/6HybezDQv6N0lGzsVWoB4N/story.html The Boston Globe 19 July 2014 21 June 2017 30 June 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180630214213/https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2014/07/19/deprivation-gaza-strip/6HybezDQv6N0lGzsVWoB4N/story.html live Deprived and Endangered: Humanitarian Crisis in the Gaza Strip https://www.hrw.org/news/2009/01/12/deprived-and-endangered-humanitarian-crisis-gaza-strip Human Rights Watch 13 January 2009 3 September 2014 4 April 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150404041422/http://www.hrw.org/news/2009/01/12/deprived-and-endangered-humanitarian-crisis-gaza-strip live Five Years of Blockade: The Humanitarian Situation in Gaza http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_gaza_blockade_factsheet_june_2012_english.pdf United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 3 September 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141124003755/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_gaza_blockade_factsheet_june_2012_english.pdf 24 November 2014 The overwhelming consensus of international institutions is that the blockade is a form of collective punishment and illegal.http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2011/09/2011978161147706.html Deep flaws in the UN's Mavi Marmara report (Al Jazeera, 9 September 2011) English.aljazeera.net 10 August 2014 6 October 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20111006061704/http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2011/09/2011978161147706.html live * "UN independent panel rules Israel blockade of Gaza illegal https://web.archive.org/web/20150512145352/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/un-independent-panel-rules-israel-blockade-of-gaza-illegal-1.384267 12 May 2015 ", Haaretz (story by Reuters), 13 September 2011. http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUSL2849170120080528 Reuters U.N. envoy Tutu calls Gaza blockade illegal 28 May 2008 2 June 2024 13 November 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20101113225657/http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUSL2849170120080528 dead https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSLDE65404020100605 Reuters Gaza blockade illegal, must be lifted – UN's Pillay Aaron Gray-Block 5 June 2010 30 June 2017 14 June 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20100614005359/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSLDE65404020100605 live U.N. experts say Israel's blockade of Gaza illegal https://www.reuters.com/article/us-un-gaza-rights-idUSTRE78C59R20110913 10 August 2014 Reuters 13 September 2011 Stephanie Nebehay 13 May 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230513091134/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-un-gaza-rights-idUSTRE78C59R20110913 live http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=206381 Maan News Agency: UN rights chief urges Israel to end 'illegal' Gaza blockade Maannews.net 18 November 2008 27 March 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20110812131257/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=206381 12 August 2011 dead https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10306193 BBC News ICRC says Israel's Gaza blockade breaks law 14 June 2010 21 June 2018 14 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190414145659/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10306193 live Palmer Geoffrey Report of the Secretary-General's Panel of Inquiry on the 31 May 2010 Flotilla Incident https://www.un.org/News/dh/infocus/middle_east/Gaza_Flotilla_Panel_Report.pdf UN 12 October 2011 etal 13 April 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20120413051832/http://www.un.org/News/dh/infocus/middle_east/Gaza_Flotilla_Panel_Report.pdf live Israel maintains that the blockade is legal and necessary to limit Palestinian rocket attacks from the Gaza Strip on its cities and to prevent Hamas from obtaining other weapons.Israel tightens its blockade of Gaza for 'security reasons' https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/blogs/lifestyle/7813-israel-tightens-its-blockade-of-gaza-for-security-reasons https://web.archive.org/web/20131014153810/http://www.middleeastmonitor.com/blogs/lifestyle/7813-israel-tightens-its-blockade-of-gaza-for-security-reasons dead 14 October 2013 Middle East Monitor 14 October 2013 Gaza's Tunnel Economy http://www.borgenmagazine.com/gazas-tunnel-economy/ Borgen Magazine 4 August 2014 27 September 2014 14 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190414125027/https://www.borgenmagazine.com/gazas-tunnel-economy/ live Inquiry urged into Israel convoy raid https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/newsbeat-10202756 BBC 1 June 2010 27 September 2014 13 March 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150313042851/http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/10202756 live https://www.jpost.com/LandedPages/PrintArticle.aspx?id=288686 Court extends remand of Israelis aboard Gaza ship The Jerusalem Post 4 November 2012 15 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151015230656/http://www.jpost.com/LandedPages/PrintArticle.aspx?id=288686 live "Position paper on the naval blockade on Gaza." https://web.archive.org/web/20120116231842/http://www.mag.idf.il/163-4314-en/patzar.aspx 16 January 2012 8 September 2010. Israel carried out Operation Cast Lead in December 2008 with the stated aim of stopping rocket attacks from Hamas militants.Gaza 'looks like earthquake zone' http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7838618.stm BBC News 20 January 2009 3 December 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20090125181742/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7838618.stm 25 January 2009 live The UN Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict concluded that the operation was "a deliberately disproportionate attack designed to punish, humiliate and terrorize a civilian population, radically diminish its local economic capacity both to work and to provide for itself, and to force upon it an ever increasing sense of dependency and vulnerability".Goldstone Richard Jilani Hina Travers Desmond Chinkin Christine Report of the United Nations Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/12session/A-HRC-12-48.pdf UNHRC 2 September 2014 28 September 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180928070929/https://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/12session/A-HRC-12-48.pdf live page 408 The Israeli government's analysis concludes that the report perverts international law to serve a political agenda and sends a "legally unfounded message to states everywhere confronting terrorism that international law has no effective response to offer them".Initial Response to Report of the Fact Finding Mission on Gaza https://web.archive.org/web/20131001094449/http://www.mfa.gov.il/NR/rdonlyres/FC985702-61C4-41C9-8B72-E3876FEF0ACA/0/GoldstoneReportInitialResponse240909.pdf 1 October 2013 , Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs; accessed 22 November 2014. First Hamas–Fatah reconciliation (2011) Influenced in the Arab Spring and by demonstrations in Ramallah and Gaza, the gap between Hamas and Fatah was bridged in 2011. After the Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas declared his willingness to travel to Gaza and sign an agreement, the IDF killed two Hamas activists in Gaza; the IDF stated the killings were in response to the launching of a single Qassam rocket, which hit no one, but Yedioth Ahronoth's Alex Fishman argued they were a "premeditated escalation" by Israel.Landau Idan The unfolding lie of Operation Protective Edge 15 July 2014 http://972mag.com/the-unfolding-lie-of-operation-protective-edge/93605 +972 30 July 2014 8 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140808053324/http://972mag.com/the-unfolding-lie-of-operation-protective-edge/93605/ live +972 is a blog site August 2014 In an interview with CNN, Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu declared that the reconciliation talks were calls for Israel's destruction, and strongly opposed the idea of a unity government.Ravid Barak Issacharof Avi PM: Palestinian unity government would kill off the peace process https://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/pm-palestinian-unity-government-would-kill-off-the-peace-process-1.349890 TheMarker 18 March 2011 22 November 2014 28 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151028122634/http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/pm-palestinian-unity-government-would-kill-off-the-peace-process-1.349890 dead November 2012 ceasefire and its violations On 14 November 2012, Israel launched Operation Pillar of Defence in the Gaza Strip. The operation was preceded by a period with a number of mutual Israeli–Palestinian responsive attacks.Why the mullet, not the Israel Navy, are to blame for the death of a Gaza fisherman . Amira Hass, Haaretz, 29 October 2012 (premium article) According to the Israeli government, the operation began in response to the launch of over 100 rockets at Israel during a 24-hour periodGaza groups pound Israel with over 100 rockets https://www.jpost.com/Defense/Gaza-groups-pound-Israel-with-over-100-rockets The Jerusalem Post 11 December 2012 23 January 2015 14 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190414151101/https://www.jpost.com/Defense/Gaza-groups-pound-Israel-with-over-100-rockets live and an explosion caused by IEDs, which occurred near Israeli soldiers, on the Israeli side of a tunnel passing under the Israeli West Bank barrier.https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/israel-tunnel-explodes-gaza-border-17686902#.UKnxEIefvuE Israel: Tunnel Explodes on Gaza Border ABC News 10 November 2012 20 November 2012 24 November 2012 http://web.archive.bibalex.org/web/20121124190447/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/israel-tunnel-explodes-gaza-border-17686902#.UKnxEIefvuE dead http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/pressroom/2012/pages/operation_pillar_of_defense-statements.aspx Operation Pillar of Defense – Selected statements Ministry of Foreign Affairs, israel 20 November 2012 20 November 2012 1 July 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180701030509/http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/pressroom/2012/pages/operation_pillar_of_defense-statements.aspx live The Israeli government stated that the aims of the military operation were to halt rocket attacks against civilian targets originating from the Gaza StripAl-Mughrabi Nidal https://www.chicagotribune.com/2012/11/24/hamas-leader-defiant-as-israel-eases-gaza-curbs/ Jerusalem and Tel Aviv under rocket fire, Netanyahu warns Gaza Chicago Tribune 16 November 2012 23 January 2015 7 January 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160107012400/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2012-11-24/news/sns-rt-us-palestinians-israel-hamasbre8ad0wp-20121114_1_gaza-curbs-gaza-fishermen-hamas-leader live and to disrupt the capabilities of militant organizations.https://www.jpost.com/Defense/IAF-strike-kills-Hamas-military-chief-Jabari Israeli air strike kills top Hamas commander Jabari The Jerusalem Post 14 November 2012 14 November 2012 7 December 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20171207041539/http://www.jpost.com/Defense/IAF-strike-kills-Hamas-military-chief-Jabari live The Palestinians blamed the Israeli government for the upsurge in violence, accusing the IDF of attacks on Gazan civilians in the days leading up to the operation.Israel warns Hamas of 'heavy price' for Gaza rockets https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jRUtS7PreKQztfBnueg5yNep0ROg?docId=CNG.eceda380b55ad442c0c0b524c5263e34.61 21 November 2012 11 November 2012 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140301205413/https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jRUtS7PreKQztfBnueg5yNep0ROg?docId=CNG.eceda380b55ad442c0c0b524c5263e34.61 1 March 2014 They cited the blockade of the Gaza Strip and the occupation of West Bank, including East Jerusalem, as the reason for rocket attacks.Q&A: Israel-Gaza violence https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-20388298 BBC News 20 November 2012 21 June 2018 14 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190414151057/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-20388298 live A week later, on 21 November, Egypt brokered a ceasefire to the conflict which contained the following agreements:https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-20388298 Q&A: Israel-Gaza violence BBC News 22 November 2012 21 June 2018 14 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190414145718/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-20388298 live http://live.reuters.com/Event/Conflict_on_the_Gaza_Strip/57460762 TEXT: Ceasefire agreement between Israel and Gaza's Palestinians Matthew Keys 21 November 2012 1 September 2014 Reuters 14 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190414124955/http://live.reuters.com/Event/Conflict_on_the_Gaza_Strip/57460762 dead Israel should stop all hostilities in the Gaza Strip land, sea and air, including incursions and targeting of individuals. All Palestinian factions shall stop all hostilities from the Gaza Strip against Israel, including rocket attacks and all attacks along the border. The crossings should be opened, facilitating the movement of people and goods; Israel should refrain from restricting residents' movements and from targeting residents in border areas; procedures of implementation should be dealt with 24 hours after the start of the ceasefire. thumbnail|Gaza Strip: access and closure thumbnail|A sculpture in Sderot made from rocket debris Violations Both Israel and Hamas argue that the other violated the 2012 ceasefire agreement, resulting in 1 Israeli and 8 Gazan deaths and 5 Israeli and 66 Gazan injuries. According to the Israeli Security Agency (Shabak) there was a sharp decrease in attacks from Gaza in 2013.http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/2013AnnualSummary.aspx 2013 Annual Summary Israeli Security Agency 22 August 2014 9 February 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170209151954/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/2013AnnualSummary.aspx dead Nevertheless, 63 rockets (average 5 per month) were launched in 36 rocket attacks in addition to various mortar attacks, all prohibited by the November 2012 ceasefire. The Palestinian Centre for Human Rights (PCHR)http://www.pchrgaza.org/files/2014/annual%20English%202013.pdf Annual Report 2013 Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 2013 20 August 2014 1 October 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20181001234258/http://www.pchrgaza.org/files/2014/annual%20English%202013.pdf live reported monthly Israeli attacks involving drones, missiles, small arms fire and airstrikes. Six of the deaths in Gaza occurred in the border area's Access Restricted Areas (ARAs, non-demarcated zones within Gazan territory unilaterally defined by Israel as being of restricted access), despite the ceasefire's prohibition on Israeli attacks on these areas. OCHAO, more broadly sourced data, reported 11 deaths in Gaza and 81 injuries for 2013.http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_protection_of_civilians_weekly_report_2013_12_31_english.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20140113225039/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_protection_of_civilians_weekly_report_2013_12_31_english.pdf dead 13 January 2014 Weekly 24–30 December 2013 2006 OCHAO In the first three months after the IDF Operation Pillar of Defense, according to Ben White, two mortar shells struck Israeli territory, while four Gazans were shot dead and 91 were wounded by Israeli forces who fired inside Gazan territory on 63 occasions, made 13 incursions into the Strip, and attacked the Gazan fishing fleet 30 times.Ben White, "What a 'period of calm' looks like in the Occupied Territories" https://web.archive.org/web/20200907160503/https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2013/02/2013220152044327694.html 7 September 2020 , Al-Jazeera, 22 February 2013. Israeli attacks on Gaza steadily increased during the second half of 2013, notwithstanding the decrease in attacks from Gaza. From December 2012 to late June/early July 2014, Hamas did not fire rockets into Israel, and tried to police other groups doing so. These efforts were largely successful; Netanyahu stated in March 2014 that the rocket fire in the past year was the "lowest in a decade."Goldberg J.J. How Politics and Lies Triggered an Unintended War in Gaza http://forward.com/articles/201764/how-politics-and-lies-triggered-an-unintended-war The Forward 10 July 2014 14 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140724041900/http://forward.com/articles/201764/how-politics-and-lies-triggered-an-unintended-war/?p=all 24 July 2014 live Hendrickson David C. The Thrasybulus Syndrome: Israel's War on Gaza http://nationalinterest.org/feature/the-thrasybulus-syndrome-israel%E2%80%99s-war-gaza-10968?page=show The National Interest 29 July 2014 2 August 2014 1 July 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180701030447/http://nationalinterest.org/feature/the-thrasybulus-syndrome-israel%E2%80%99s-war-gaza-10968?page=show live According to Shabak, in the first half of 2014 there were 181 rocket attackshttp://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/Report0114.aspx Monthly summary – January 2014 9 February 2016 27 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141027105011/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/Report0114.aspx dead compared to 55 rocket attacks in whole 2013. As occasional rocket fire continued, the blockade of Gaza continued in direct violation of the ceasefire agreement.https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21607895-hamas-wants-two-big-concessions-it-may-not-get-them-why-hamas-fires-those-rockets Conditions for a ceasefire: Why Hamas fires those rockets The Economist 22 July 2014 19 July 2014 22 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140722071814/http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21607895-hamas-wants-two-big-concessions-it-may-not-get-them-why-hamas-fires-those-rockets live "Crossings were repeatedly shut and buffer zones were reinstated. Imports declined, exports were blocked, and fewer Gazans were given exit permits to Israel and the West Bank." Israel halted construction material going to Gaza after it stated that it had discovered a tunnel leading into Israel, some 300 m from a kibbutz. The IDF said it was the third tunnel discovered that year and that the previous two were packed with explosives.Borschel Amanda https://www.timesofisrael.com/hamas-terror-tunnel-found-running-from-gaza-to-israel IDF blames Hamas for 'terror tunnel' from Gaza to Israel The Times of Israel 13 October 2013 12 August 2014 6 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140806210510/https://www.timesofisrael.com/hamas-terror-tunnel-found-running-from-gaza-to-israel/ live thumb|Some of the weapons captured in Khan Yunis According to the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, there were 85 rocket attacks in the first five months of 2014.Rocket fire from Gaza and Palestinian ceasefire violations after Operation Cast Lead (January 2009) http://mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/terrorism/pages/palestinian_ceasefire_violations_since_end_operation_cast_lead.aspx Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2 August 2014 25 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140825135135/http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/terrorism/pages/palestinian_ceasefire_violations_since_end_operation_cast_lead.aspx live Most of the 85 rockets were fired in March, after the IDF killed 3 members of Islamic Jihad. The members of the PIJ say they were firing rockets in response to an incursion by Israeli tanks and bulldozers into Gazan territory east of the Khan Yunis area.Sterman Adiv https://www.timesofisrael.com/gazans-pelt-southern-israel-with-massive-rocket-barrage/ Gaza terrorists bombard southern Israel in massive rocket attack The Times of Israel 11 March 2014 2 June 2024 23 November 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20221123183439/https://www.timesofisrael.com/gazans-pelt-southern-israel-with-massive-rocket-barrage/ live Fiske Gavriel Agence France-Presse AFP Three Islamic Jihad operatives killed by IDF fire in Gaza https://www.timesofisrael.com/three-islamic-jihad-operatives-killed-by-idf-fire-in-gaza/ The Times of Israel 11 March 2014 22 August 2014 11 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140911230434/https://www.timesofisrael.com/three-islamic-jihad-operatives-killed-by-idf-fire-in-gaza/ live http://www.mezan.org/en/details.php?id=18497&ddname=IOF&id_dept=9&p=center Al Mezan Condemns the Israeli Escalation on Gaza and Calls on the International Community to Intervene Al Mezan Center for Human Rights 12 March 2013 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140826114623/http://www.mezan.org/en/details.php?id=18497&ddname=IOF&id_dept=9&p=center 26 August 2014 The IDF said they were conducting routine military patrols near the Gaza border when they came under fire, and thus responded with airstrikes.IAF strike kills 3 Gaza terrorists in response to mortar shells fire https://web.archive.org/web/20140903125155/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4497657,00.html 3 September 2014 , Yoav Zitun, Elior Levy, 11 March 2014, ynetnewsTzvi Ben-Gedalyahu, "IDF Kills Three Terrorists Immediately after Mortar Shell Attack" https://web.archive.org/web/20140802021001/http://www.jewishpress.com/news/idf-kills-three-terrorists-immediately-after-mortar-shell-attack/2014/03/11/ 2 August 2014 , 11 March 2014. Second Hamas–Fatah reconciliation Palestinian Government of 2014 Leading up to the collapse of the 2013–14 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks, in the face of Netanyahu's perceived reluctance to make desired concessions, Mahmoud Abbas decided to forge a deal with Hamas.Assaf Sharon, "Failure in Gaza" https://web.archive.org/web/20150919042513/http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2014/sep/25/failure-gaza/ 19 September 2015 , New York Review of Books, 25 September 2014, pp. 20–24. With its alliance with Syria and Iran weakened, the loss of power by the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt after a coup d'ètat in Egypt, and the economic impact of the closure of its Rafah tunnels by Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, on 23 April 2014, ending seven divisive years, Hamas agreed to reconciliation under a unity government with the other main Palestinian faction, Fatah.Mouin Rabbani, 'Israel mows the lawn' https://web.archive.org/web/20140722211719/http://www.lrb.co.uk/v36/n15/mouin-rabbani/israel-mows-the-lawn 22 July 2014 , London Review of Books, Vol. 36 No 15, 31 July 2014, p. 8.Profile: Hamas Palestinian movement https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-13331522 BBC News 14 July 2014 24 January 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180124212053/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-13331522 live The government accepted by Hamas was to be run exclusively by PNA technocrats. This Palestinian unity government was sworn in by 2 June 2014Beaumont Peter 2 June 2014 Palestinian unity government of Fatah and Hamas sworn in https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/02/palestinian-unity-government-sworn-in-fatah-hamas live https://web.archive.org/web/20161206085224/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/02/palestinian-unity-government-sworn-in-fatah-hamas 6 December 2016 13 July 2014 The Guardian "After seven years of a bitter and at times lethalrivalry between the two main Palestinian factions, Fatah and Hamas, a historic Palestinian unity government has been sworn in, ending years of division."Lyfield Ben Middle East peace: Deal between Palestinian political groups Fatah and Hamas casts doubt on faltering talks with Israel https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/middle-east-peace-deal-between-palestinian-political-groups-fatah-and-hamas-casts-doubt-on-faltering-talks-with-israel-9278684.html?origin=internalSearch The Independent 13 July 2014 London 23 April 2014 28 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141028041145/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/middle-east-peace-deal-between-palestinian-political-groups-fatah-and-hamas-casts-doubt-on-faltering-talks-with-israel-9278684.html?origin=internalSearch live and Israel announced it would not negotiate any peace deal with the new government and would push punitive measures.Dalia Hatuqa Palestinians form consensus government http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/06/palestinians-set-swear-unity-government-20146281348223961.html Aljazeera 13 July 2014 22 September 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200922113321/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/06/palestinians-set-swear-unity-government-20146281348223961.html live Netanyahu took Palestinian unity as a threat rather than an opportunity.Julia Amalia Heyer, 'Ex-Israeli Security Chief Diskin: All the Conditions Are There for an Explosion' https://web.archive.org/web/20141023214642/http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/interview-with-former-israeli-security-chief-yuval-diskin-a-982094.html 23 October 2014 , Der Spiegel, 24 July 2014: 'It was a mistake by Netanyahu to attack the unity government between Hamas and Fatah under the leadership of Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas. Israel should have been more sophisticated in the way it reacted.' On the eve of the agreement he stated that the proposed reconciliation would "strengthen terrorism", and called on the international community to avoid embracing it.Daniel Estrin If you recognise new Palestinian government you support terrorism, Benjamin Netanyahu tells world leaders https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/if-you-recognise-palestinian-government-you-support-terrorism-benjamin-netanyahu-tells-world-leaders-9468161.html?origin=internalSearch The Independent 13 July 2014 London 1 June 2014 15 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140715015950/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/if-you-recognise-palestinian-government-you-support-terrorism-benjamin-netanyahu-tells-world-leaders-9468161.html?origin=internalSearch live Most of the outside world, including the European Union, Russia, China, India, Turkey, France and the United Kingdom, proved cautiously optimistic, and subsequently expressed their support for new arrangement. The United States, more skeptical, announced it would continue to work with the PNA-directed unity government.Mitchell Plitnick,"Palestinian Unity Causing Political Ripples in Washington" https://web.archive.org/web/20141030161822/http://www.ipsnews.net/2014/06/palestinian-unity-causing-political-ripples-in-washington/ 30 October 2014 , Inter Press Service 2 June 2014. Israel itself suspended negotiations with the PNA"Abbas goes big with Hamas deal; the Temple Mount fault line" https://web.archive.org/web/20141030171733/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/04/palestine-hamas-fatah-mahmoud-abbas.html 30 October 2014 , Al-Monitor, 26 April 2014 and, just after"Israeli air strike in Gaza wounds 12: medical officials" https://web.archive.org/web/20210518143633/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-palestinian-israelstrike-idUSBREA3M17520140423 18 May 2021 , Reuters, 23 April 2014. the announcement, launched an airstrike, which missed its target and wounded a family of three bystanders.Barzak Ibrahim Associated Press http://www.thedalleschronicle.com/news/2014/apr/23/gaza-official-israeli-airstrike-wounds-3 Gaza official: Israeli airstrike wounds 3 The Dalles Chronicle 16 July 2014 5 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140805040701/http://www.thedalleschronicle.com/news/2014/apr/23/gaza-official-israeli-airstrike-wounds-3/ dead Netanyahu had warned before the deal that it would be incompatible with Israeli–Palestinian peace and that Abbas had to choose between peace with Hamas and peace with Israel. When a reconciliation deal was signed, opening the way to the appointment of the new government, Netanyahu chaired a security cabinet which voted to authorise Netanyahu to impose unspecified sanctions against the Palestinian Authority. On 4 June, the day before Naksa Day, the Israeli Housing and Construction Ministry published tenders for 1,500 settlement units in the West Bank and East Jerusalem in a move Minister Uri Ariel said was an "appropriate Zionist response to the Palestinian terror government."Israel okays 1,500 West Bank homes in response to Palestinian unity https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-okays-1500-west-bank-homes-in-response-to-palestinian-unity/ 14 August 2014 TimesofIsrael.com 5 June 2014 6 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140806054343/https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-okays-1500-west-bank-homes-in-response-to-palestinian-unity/ live Israel to build 1,500 more homes in settlements https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/05/israel-build-more-homes-settlements 14 August 2014 The Guardian 5 June 2014 2 June 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240602053429/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/05/israel-build-more-homes-settlements live Marwan Bishara, senior political analyst at Al Jazeera, alleged that Israel had hoped to disrupt the Palestinian national unity government between Fatah and Hamas by its operation.Bishara Marwan The Gaza conundrum: To invade or not to invade http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/07/gaza-conundrum-invade-not-invade-20147118252237390.html AlJazeera.com 13 July 2014 7 September 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200907174651/https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/07/gaza-conundrum-invade-not-invade-20147118252237390.html live Immediate events thumbnail|Factory bursts in flames after rocket attack in Sderot, Israel, 28 June 2014.http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Terrorism/Pages/Sderot-factory-destroyed-by-rocket-fire-29-Jun-2014.aspx Sderot factory destroyed by rocket fire 29 June 2014 10 August 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054839/http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Terrorism/Pages/Sderot-factory-destroyed-by-rocket-fire-29-Jun-2014.aspx 8 August 2014 On 12 June 2014, three Israeli teenagers were abducted in the West Bank: Naftali Fraenkel, Gilad Shaer, and Eyal Yifrah. Israel blamed Hamas, with Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu saying that he had "unequivocal proof" that Hamas was involved and that the abduction was linked to Palestinian reconciliation, and the IDF stated that the two men Israel suspected of having kidnapped the teenagers were known members of Hamas.http://www.cbsnews.com/news/israel-ids-2-main-suspects-in-teens-disappearance Israel IDs 2 main suspects in teens disappearance CBS News 26 June 2014 9 July 2014 28 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230628161311/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/israel-ids-2-main-suspects-in-teens-disappearance/ live Operation Protective Edge: In extended version of kidnapped teens call to police, murderers heard singing in celebration https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Brothers-Keeper/In-extended-version-of-kidnapped-teens-call-to-police-murderers-heard-singing-in-celebration-361270 The Jerusalem Post 2 July 2014 8 July 2014 27 November 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201127043956/https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Brothers-Keeper/In-extended-version-of-kidnapped-teens-call-to-police-murderers-heard-singing-in-celebration-361270 live No evidence of Hamas involvement was offered by Israeli authorities at the time.Robert Tait. "Hamas kidnapping: Islamist group to blame for youths' 'kidnapping', Benjamin Netanyahu says" https://web.archive.org/web/20240114175417/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/10901225/Hamas-kidnapping-Islamist-group-to-blame-for-youths-kidnapping-Benjamin-Netanyahu-says.html 14 January 2024 , The Telegraph, 15 June 2014. High-ranking members of Hamas denied the group had any involvement in the incident,https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-rounds-up-senior-hamas-men-in-the-west-bank Israel rounds up senior Hamas men in West Bank sweep 15 June 2014 The Times of Israel 15 June 2014 13 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230613201330/https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-rounds-up-senior-hamas-men-in-the-west-bank/ live and ex-Shin Bet chief Yuval Diskin doubted Hamas had any involvement. The Palestinian Authority in the West Bank attributed the abductions to the Qawasameh clan, notorious for acting against Hamas's policies and any attempts to reach an entente with Israel.Shlomi Eldar "Accused kidnappers are actually rogue Hamas branch", Al-Monitor, 29 June 2014. Hamas political chief Khaled Meshal said he could neither confirm nor deny the kidnapping of the three Israelis, but congratulated the abductors.https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.600759#! Hamas chief lauds abductors of Israeli teens, says has no new information Haaretz 23 June 2014 14 August 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150814152121/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.600759#! dead The kidnappings were condemned by human rights organizations.Abducted Israeli teens must be released, Israel must cease collective punishment of Palestinians http://www.amnesty.ie/news/public-statementabducted-israeli-teens-must-be-released-israel-must-cease-collective-punishment Amnesty International 4 October 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141004001043/http://amnesty.ie/news/public-statementabducted-israeli-teens-must-be-released-israel-must-cease-collective-punishment 4 October 2014 Those holding the three yeshiva students must release them at once; Israeli security forces must uphold human rights and avoid collective punishment http://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20140615_the_three_yeshiva_students_must_be_released_at_once B'tselem 4 October 2014 3 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141003113754/http://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20140615_the_three_yeshiva_students_must_be_released_at_once live Documents released by Israel suggest that Hamas member Hussam Qawasmeh organized the kidnappings with $60,000 provided by his brother Mahmoud through a Hamas association in Gaza, after requesting support for a "military operation".Kershner Isabel https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/05/world/middleeast/killing-of-3-israeli-teenagers-loosely-tied-to-hamas-court-documents-show.html?_r=0 New Light on Hamas Role in Killings of Teenagers That Fueled Gaza War The New York Times 4 September 2014 18 October 2014 27 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141027100304/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/05/world/middleeast/killing-of-3-israeli-teenagers-loosely-tied-to-hamas-court-documents-show.html?_r=0 live On 20 August, Saleh al-Arouri, an exiled Hamas leader based in Turkey, claimed responsibility for the kidnapping of the three Israeli teens: "Our goal was to ignite an intifada in the West Bank and Jerusalem, as well as within the 1948 borders... Your brothers in the Al-Qassam Brigades carried out this operation to support their imprisoned brothers, who were on a hunger strike... The mujahideen captured these settlers in order to have a swap deal."http://www.memritv.org/clip/en/4437.htm MEMRI: Hamas Leadership Acknowledges Responsibility for Kidnapping Three Israeli Teens Memritv.org 22 August 2014 24 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140824120737/http://www.memritv.org/clip/en/4437.htm live Palestinian security forces said the kidnappings were organized by Saleh al-Arouri.Issacharoff Avi https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-arrests-suspected-ringleader-of-cell-that-nabbed-teens/ Israel arrests suspected ringleader of cell that killed teens The Times of Israel 5 August 2014 17 October 2014 14 July 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150714030323/https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-arrests-suspected-ringleader-of-cell-that-nabbed-teens/ live Khalid Meshaal, head in exile of Hamas's political wing since 2004, acknowledged that Hamas members were responsible, but stated that its political leaders had no prior knowledge of the abduction, were not involved in military details and learnt of it through the ensuing Israeli investigations. He also said that while Hamas was opposed to targeting civilians, he understood that Palestinians "frustrated with oppression" were exercising a "legitimate right of resistance" against the occupation by undertaking such operations.'Hamas: We wouldn't target civilians if we had better weapons,' https://web.archive.org/web/20150822224422/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.612039 22 August 2015 Haaretz 23 August 2014.Isikoff Michael https://news.yahoo.com/in-personal-plea--top-hamas-leader-calls-on-obama-to-stop--holocaust--in-gaza-180315615.html In personal plea, top Hamas leader calls on Obama to stop 'holocaust' in Gaza Yahoo! News 25 August 2014 2 September 2014 29 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140829015002/http://news.yahoo.com/in-personal-plea--top-hamas-leader-calls-on-obama-to-stop--holocaust--in-gaza-180315615.html live "justified the killings as a legitimate action against Israelis on "occupied" lands."Hamas leader: Don't compare us to ISIL https://news.yahoo.com/hamas-leader--don-t-compare-us-to-isil-193125056.html Yahoo News 22 August 2014 19 October 2014 18 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141018073518/http://news.yahoo.com/hamas-leader--don-t-compare-us-to-isil-193125056.html live Israel states that the IDF and the Shin Bet have foiled between 54Asmaa al-Ghoul https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2014/06/19/could-kidnapping-of-israeli-boys-lead-to-intifada Could Kidnapping of Israeli Boys Lead to Intifada? U.S. News & World Report 19 June 2014 23 August 2017 12 October 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20171012111100/https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2014/06/19/could-kidnapping-of-israeli-boys-lead-to-intifada live and 64 kidnapping plots since 2013. The PA said it had foiled 43 of them.https://www.timesofisrael.com/abbas-calls-on-netanyahu-to-condemn-palestinian-deaths Abbas calls on Netanyahu to condemn Palestinian deaths The Times of Israel 22 June 2014 18 October 2014 25 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141025175632/https://www.timesofisrael.com/abbas-calls-on-netanyahu-to-condemn-palestinian-deaths/ live Withholding evidence in its possession suggesting that the teens had been killed immediately until 1 July,Ceren Omri Yes, Israel Won in Gaza Commentary 138 3 October 2014 13–17 Israel launched Operation Brother's Keeper, a large-scale crackdown of what it called Hamas's terrorist infrastructure and personnel in the West Bank,http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/06/17/idf-seizes-hundreds-of-weapons-in-nablus-as-operation-brother%E2%80%99s-keeper-enters-5th-day-video IDF Seizes Hundreds of Weapons in Nablus, as Operation 'Brother's Keeper' Enters 5th Day 17 June 2014 Algemeiner Journal 7 July 2014 11 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230611133131/https://www.algemeiner.com/2014/06/17/idf-seizes-hundreds-of-weapons-in-nablus-as-operation-brother%e2%80%99s-keeper-enters-5th-day-video/ live ostensibly aimed at securing the release of the kidnapped teenagers. During the operation, 11 Palestinians were killed and 51 wounded in 369 Israeli incursions into the West Bank through to 2 July,James Marc Leas, 'Attack First, Kill First and Claim Self-Defense: Palestine Subcommittee Submission to UN Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict,' https://web.archive.org/web/20150214210857/http://www.councilforthenationalinterest.org/new/attack-first-kill-first-and-claim-self-defense/#.VN9NFE05Dcs 14 February 2015 Council for the National Interest 21 January 2015.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/26/hunt-missing-israeli-boys-recriminations Hunt for missing Israeli boys stirs up familiar recriminations The Guardian 26 June 2014 10 December 2016 2 June 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240602053429/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/26/hunt-missing-israeli-boys-recriminations live http://www.independent.ie/world-news/teenager-killed-in-students-hunt-30370736.html Teenager killed in students hunt Associated Press 20 June 2014 independent.ie 20 October 2014 16 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140716091811/http://www.independent.ie/world-news/teenager-killed-in-students-hunt-30370736.html live http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2014/07/03/murder-palestinian-teen-abu-khudeir-condemned Murder of Palestinian teen, Abu Khudeir, condemned Daily News Egypt 3 July 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140714190919/http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2014/07/03/murder-palestinian-teen-abu-khudeir-condemned/ 14 July 2014 and between 350 and 600 Palestinians,Maan News http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=714820 100 Palestinians killed in Israeli assault on Sunday alone 21 July 2014 16 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140730054343/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=714820 30 July 2014 dead Raphael Ahren https://www.timesofisrael.com/is-israels-operation-to-find-kidnapped-teens-a-war-crime Is Israel's operation to find kidnapped teens a war crime? The Times of Israel 23 June 2014 16 August 2014 11 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230611074819/https://www.timesofisrael.com/is-israels-operation-to-find-kidnapped-teens-a-war-crime/ live Yoav Zitun http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4531266,00.html Operation Bring Back Our Brothers: IDF arrests 200, shift focus to Nablus Ynetnews 17 June 2014 21 July 2014 11 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230611050105/https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4531266,00.html live including nearly all of Hamas's West Bank leaders,16 June 2014 Watch: West Bank Hamas leadership in Israeli custody https://www.jpost.com/Pillar-of-Defense/Entire-Hamas-leadership-in-West-Bank-in-Israeli-custody-some-may-be-deported-359462 The Jerusalem Post 21 July 2014 14 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140714195254/http://www.jpost.com/Pillar-of-Defense/Entire-Hamas-leadership-in-West-Bank-in-Israeli-custody-some-may-be-deported-359462 live http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/2/8/105345/World/Region/Israel-commited-serious-violations-in-West-Bank-op.aspx Israel committed serious violations in West Bank operations: HRW Al-Ahram 3 July 2014 2 June 2024 12 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230612163604/https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/2/8/105345/World/Region/Israel-commited-serious-violations-in-West-Bank-op.aspx live http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/1-wounded-as-israel-arrests-10-palestinians-in-west-bank-114062600717_1.html 1 wounded as Israel arrests 10 Palestinians in West Bank Business Standard 26 June 2014 21 July 2014 11 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230611050105/https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/1-wounded-as-israel-arrests-10-palestinians-in-west-bank-114062600717_1.html live were arrested.Middle East & Africa: Murder of three kidnapped Israeli youths has set dangerous new spate https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21606288-murder-three-kidnapped-israeli-youths-has-set-dangerous-new-spate The Economist 5 July 2014 23 August 2017 23 October 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20171023010816/https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21606288-murder-three-kidnapped-israeli-youths-has-set-dangerous-new-spate live Yoav Zitun http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4532764,00.html Rescue units rushed to Hebron, searching wells and caves Ynetnews.com 21 June 2014 2 June 2024 27 November 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201127081632/https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4532764,00.html live John B. Judis https://newrepublic.com/article/118630/israel-palestine-murders-cause-criss-will-john-kerry-step John Kerry's First Peace Effort in Israel and Palestine Failed, But Now He Needs to Try Again The New Republic 9 July 2014 28 July 2014 2 June 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240602053430/https://newrepublic.com/article/118630/israel-palestine-murders-cause-criss-will-john-kerry-step live Among those arrested were many people who had only recently been freed under the terms of the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange.Crowcroft Orlando Palestinians freed in 2011 Gilad Shalit prisoner-swap back in custody https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/18/palestinians-freed-2001-gilad-shalit-custody The Guardian 18 June 2014 10 December 2016 2 June 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240602053429/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/18/palestinians-freed-2001-gilad-shalit-custody live Israeli military spokesman Lt. Col. Peter Lerner defended the arrests, stating that Hamas members had carried out 60 abduction attempts on Israelis in the West Bank "in the last year and a half", and that "Hamas does not need to give a direct order."Cheslow Daniella http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/07/05/232436/for-family-of-suspect-in-killings.html For family of suspect in killings of 3 teens, opposition to Israel is nothing new McClatchy 5 June 2014 7 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140808062029/http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/07/05/232436/for-family-of-suspect-in-killings.html 8 August 2014 dead The arrests yielded no information about the abduction. Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch stated that certain aspects of the operation amounted to collective punishment,Israel: Serious Violations in West Bank Operations 3 July 2014 https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/07/03/israel-serious-violations-west-bank-operations 23 January 2015 4 January 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150104031545/http://www.hrw.org/news/2014/07/03/israel-serious-violations-west-bank-operations live Abducted Israeli teens must be released, Israel must cease collective punishment of Palestinians http://www.amnesty.ie/news/public-statementabducted-israeli-teens-must-be-released-israel-must-cease-collective-punishment Amnesty International 2 October 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141004001043/http://amnesty.ie/news/public-statementabducted-israeli-teens-must-be-released-israel-must-cease-collective-punishment 4 October 2014 and B'tselem said in a press release that the actions have caused "disproportionate harm to the basic rights of Palestinians".Human Rights Organizations: "Refrain from Collectively Punishing Palestinians." http://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20140622_joint_release B'tselem 2 October 2014 3 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141003232457/http://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20140622_joint_release live During the course of the operation, Israel said it had uncovered a Hamas plot to launch a massive wave of violence throughout the West Bank, with the goal of overthrowing the Palestinian Authority. The purported coup plotters were arrested and their weapons stockpiles were seized.Ginsburg Mitch https://www.timesofisrael.com/abbas-orders-investigation-into-hamas-coup-plot-revealed-by-israel Abbas orders probe into Hamas coup plot revealed by Israel The Times of Israel 19 August 2014 17 October 2014 24 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141024155720/https://www.timesofisrael.com/abbas-orders-investigation-into-hamas-coup-plot-revealed-by-israel/ live cf. Weymouth Lally http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/foreigners/2014/10/israeli_defense_minister_moshe_yaalon_on_hamas_isis_syria_and_iran.html In the End, We Should Be Able to Defend Ourselves by Ourselves Slate.com 24 October 2014 25 October 2014 24 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141024233603/http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/foreigners/2014/10/israeli_defense_minister_moshe_yaalon_on_hamas_isis_syria_and_iran.html live On 30 June, search teams found the bodies of the three missing teenagers near Hebron.Bodies of three kidnapped Israeli teens found in West Bank https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Brothers-Keeper/Large-number-of-IDF-forces-gather-north-of-Hebron-in-search-for-kidnapped-teens-361048 The Jerusalem Post 30 June 2014 19 July 2014 27 April 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230427173159/https://www.jpost.com/operation-brothers-keeper/large-number-of-idf-forces-gather-north-of-hebron-in-search-for-kidnapped-teens-361048 live http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4536378,00.html Security forces find missing teens' bodies in West Bank Ynetnews 30 June 2014 3 August 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230803120812/https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4536378,00.html live https://www.timesofisrael.com/bodies-of-three-kidnapped-teens-found Bodies of three kidnapped teens found The Times of Israel 30 June 2014 19 July 2014 11 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230611074820/https://www.timesofisrael.com/bodies-of-three-kidnapped-teens-found/ live After their burial, an anti-Arab riot broke out, and a Palestinian teenager was murdered in revenge. His killing sparked Arab rioting.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/14/three-jewish-israelis-charged-kidnapping-killing-palestinian-boy Three Jewish Israelis admit kidnapping and killing Palestinian boy 14 July 2014 The Guardian 10 December 2016 2 June 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240602053430/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/14/three-jewish-israelis-charged-kidnapping-killing-palestinian-boy live http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=710424 Jewish extremists held over Palestinian teen's murder Ma'an News Agency 6 July 2014 7 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140708203709/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=710424 8 July 2014 dead Israel police arrested six suspects belonging to the Beitar Jerusalem F.C. supporters' group La Familiahttps://theworld.org/stories/2014/07/07/israeli-police-say-suspects-murder-palestinian-teen-are-jewish-israeli-soccer Israel arrests right-wing soccer fans for the revenge murder of a Palestinian boy Public Radio International: The World 7 July 2014 14 November 2014 Bell, Mathew 27 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141127195054/http://www.pri.org/stories/2014-07-07/israel-arrests-right-wing-soccer-fans-revenge-murder-palestinian-boy live Isabel Kershner https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/03/world/middleeast/israel.html Arab boy's Death Escalates Clash Over Abductions The New York Times 2 July 2014 live https://web.archive.org/web/20140703150926/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/03/world/middleeast/israel.html 3 July 2014 6 July 2014 and charged three of them with murder.https://www.timesofisrael.com/name-abu-khdeir-suspect-released/ Adult suspect in Abu Khdeir murder named Aron Dónzis The Times of Israel 20 July 2014 23 August 2014 9 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140809013653/https://www.timesofisrael.com/name-abu-khdeir-suspect-released/ live https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/15/world/middleeast/israeli-youths-murder-called-blueprint-for-revenge.html A Focused Hunt for a Victim to Avenge Israelis' Deaths Isabel Kershner The New York Times 14 July 2014 2 June 2024 26 April 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240426011456/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/15/world/middleeast/israeli-youths-murder-called-blueprint-for-revenge.html live As part of its crackdown and concurrent to rocket fire from Gaza, Israel conducted air strikes against Hamas facilities in the Gaza Strip. Hamas apparently refrained from retaliating, though it did not impede other factions from firing rockets towards Israel. From 1 May to 11 June, six rockets and three mortar shells were launched from Gaza towards Israel. From 12 to 30 June 44 rockets and 3 mortar shells were launched from Gaza. On 29 June, an Israeli airstrike on a rocket crew killed a Hamas operative, while at least 18 rockets were launched from Gaza through the next day by Hamas according to both J.J. Goldberg and Assaf Sharon, with Goldberg stating that it was the first time Hamas directly launched rockets since the conflict in 2012. Overnight, on 30 June – 1 July, Israeli airstrikes struck 34 Gaza targets in what officials stated was a response to the Sunday rocketry,Nick Logan, 'Mourning, military strikes after Israeli teens found dead' https://web.archive.org/web/20140909140339/http://globalnews.ca/news/1426608/mourning-military-strikes-after-israeli-teens-found-dead/ 9 September 2014 , Global News, 1 July 2014. while Stuart Greer reported the strikes were revenge for the deaths of the three youths.Stuart Greer, Tensions arise in Israel following murder of teens https://web.archive.org/web/20140906223031/http://news.yahoo.com/video/tensions-rise-israel-following-murder-225301495.html 6 September 2014 , Yahoo News, 1 July 2014: 'Prime Minister Binjamin Netanyahu vowed Hamas will pay a heavy price. [...] Their bodies were discovered on Monday, after the biggest Israeli ground operation nearly in a decade. Israel's revenge came swiftly with fighters pounding dozens of Hamas targets overnight in Gaza and the West Bank.' From the day of the abductions on 12 June through 5 July 117 rockets were launched from Gaza and there were approximately 80 Israeli airstrikes on Gaza.Tzuri Matan http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4532020,00.html IAF hit Gaza targets after rockets slam into southern Israel Ynetnews Ynet 19 June 2014 3 August 2014 16 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141016201553/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4532020,00.html live http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-israel-palestinians-idUKKBN0F40F220140629 https://web.archive.org/web/20151225071303/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-israel-palestinians-idUKKBN0F40F220140629 dead 25 December 2015 Israel bombs Gaza after rocket attacks, Hamas gunman killed Reuters 29 June 2014 3 August 2014 Nidal al-Mughrabi Israel sought a ceasefire but refused to accept Hamas's condition that Palestinians arrested in the West Bank crackdown be released. In a meeting held on 2 July to discuss the crisis, Hamas reportedly tried but failed to persuade armed factions in Gaza to uphold the truce with Israel.Allison Beth Hodgkins, "Why Hamas Escalated, When Before They Didn't," https://web.archive.org/web/20140914031521/http://politicalviolenceataglance.org/2014/07/15/why-hamas-escalated-when-before-they-didnt/ 14 September 2014 Political Violence @ a Glance 15 July 2014: 'there was a meeting in Gaza around 2 July in which Hamas apparently tried to convince the various armed factions to uphold the truce. They failed. The other factions in the meeting saw no reason to uphold a truce, especially since the newly formed government of national consensus decided not to pay the salaries of Gazan civil servants as supposedly promised in the unity deal. The street wanted escalation and so they would have it, calls for moderation be damned. Following escalating rocket fire from Gaza, Israel issued a warning on 4 July that it "would only be able to sustain militant rocket fire for another 24, or maximum 48, hours before undertaking a major military offensive."Weiss Mark http://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/middle-east/israel-issues-warning-as-rocket-fire-maintained-1.1854537 Israel issues warning as rocket fire maintained The Irish Times 4 July 2014 31 August 2014 28 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140828093052/http://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/middle-east/israel-issues-warning-as-rocket-fire-maintained-1.1854537 live Hamas declared it was prepared to halt the rocket fire in exchange for an agreement by Israel to stop airstrikes. Netanyahu said Israel would only act against further rocket attacks.'Hamas, ready for Gaza ceasefire' if Israeli raids stop' https://web.archive.org/web/20180527011851/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28156268 27 May 2018 , BBC News, 4 July 2014. On 5 July, Hamas official Osama Hamdan said rocket fire would continue until Israel lifted its import restrictions on Gaza and the Palestinian Authority transferred money to pay Hamas civil servants.Sharon Itmar Gaza terrorists launch rockets at Beersheba https://www.timesofisrael.com/more-rockets-hit-israel-clouding-egyptian-mediated-ceasefire-efforts/ Times of Israel 5 July 2014 20 October 2014 9 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140909233511/https://www.timesofisrael.com/more-rockets-hit-israel-clouding-egyptian-mediated-ceasefire-efforts/ live Between 4 and 6 July, a total of 62 rockets were fired from Gaza and the IAF attacked several targets in Gaza.Code red sirens blare in Sderot marking 25th rocket on Friday https://web.archive.org/web/20141006161749/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4538037,00.html 6 October 2014 , Ynet News 4 July 2014"After a night of silence, IAF attacks three Gaza targets" https://web.archive.org/web/20141006151633/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4538120,00.html 6 October 2014 , Ynet News, 5 July 2014."Gaza rockets continue to hit southern Israel" https://web.archive.org/web/20141006160218/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4538739,00.html 6 October 2014 , Ynet News; 6 July 2014. The following day, Hamas assumed formal responsibility for launching rocket attacks on Israel. Hamas increased rocket attacks on Israel, and by 7 July had fired 100 rockets from Gaza at Israeli territory; at the same time, the Israeli Air Force had bombed several sites in Gaza.http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/7/7/israel-launched-deadlyairstrikesingaza.html Israel launches military offensive in Gaza Al-Jazeera 7 July 2014 9 July 2014 9 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140709041844/http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/7/7/israel-launched-deadlyairstrikesingaza.html live Noam Sheizaf http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/7/8/israeli-palestinianclashesupsettingisraelifaithinstatusquo.html Israeli-Palestinian clashes upsetting Israeli faith in status quo Al-Jazeera 7 July 2014 9 July 2014 11 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140711193837/http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/7/8/israeli-palestinianclashesupsettingisraelifaithinstatusquo.html live https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.603472 live updates 7 July 2014 Rockets bombard south, Hamas claims responsibility Haaretz 11 July 2014 26 July 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150726021530/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.603472 dead Early on 8 July, the IAF bombed 50 targets in the Gaza Strip.Spencer Ho Yifa Yaakov https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-pounds-dozens-of-gaza-targets-in-major-counteroffensive Israel hits Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) leaders after rockets land north of Tel Aviv blog The Times of Israel 8 July 2014 8 July 2014 26 November 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201126204736/https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-pounds-dozens-of-gaza-targets-in-major-counteroffensive/ live Israel's military also stopped a militant infiltration from the sea. Brigadier General Moti Almoz, the chief spokesman of the Israeli military, said: "We have been instructed by the political echelon to hit Hamas hard." Hamas insisted that Israel end all attacks on Gaza, release those re-arrested during the crackdown in the West Bank, lift the blockade on Gaza and return to the cease-fire conditions of 2012 as conditions for a ceasefire.http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=711104 Hamas armed wing sets conditions for ceasefire Maannews.net 22 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140724215525/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=711104 24 July 2014 dead Operation timeline Timeline of the 2014 Gaza War Timeline of the 2014 Gaza War Overview Impact On Gaza residents thumb|A map showing the location of damage in Gaza up to 25 July for northern Gaza and 1 August for southern Gazahttp://www.unitar.org/unosat/node/44/2041 Damage Assessment in Gaza City, Gaza Strip – Occupied Palestinian Territory UN UNOSAT 31 July 2014 1 August 2014 6 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140806225405/http://www.unitar.org/unosat/node/44/2041? live thumb|Ruins of buildings in Beit Hanoun, August 2014 thumb|Five-year-old Shaymaa al-Masri was injured on 9 July 2014.Eyes Wide Open: Photo Blog; Gaza Strip, July 2014: A constant state of emergency http://www.btselem.org/photoblog/201407_gaza_strip B'Tselem 9 August 2014 26 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140726225357/http://www.btselem.org/photoblog/201407_gaza_strip live 2014 7 20, hospitals in Gaza were ill-equipped and faced severe shortages of various kinds of medicine, medical supplies, and fuel.https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2014/07/10/gaza-hospitals-ill-equipped-for-israeli-onslaught Gaza Hospitals Ill-equipped for Israeli Onslaught U.S. News & World Report 10 July 2014 11 July 2014 11 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140711015651/http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2014/07/10/gaza-hospitals-ill-equipped-for-israeli-onslaught live In response, Israel set up an IDF field hospital for Gazans at the Erez Crossing and Egypt temporarily reopened the Rafah crossing with Gaza to allow medical supplies to enter and injured Palestinians to receive treatment in Egypt.Israel says field hospital at Erez open for Gazans http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=714665 27 January 2019 Ma'an News Agency 20 July 2014 28 January 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190128082901/http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?id=714665 dead http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/death-toll-climbs-as-israel-bombards-gaza-201471092828483396.html Toll mounts as Israel steps up Gaza air raids Al Jazeera English 11 July 2014 11 July 2014 7 September 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200907165129/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/death-toll-climbs-as-israel-bombards-gaza-201471092828483396.html live Due to the operation, prices of food, including fish and produce, rose dramatically.Beaumont Peter https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/11/ramadan-gaza-life-under-missile-fire Ramadan in Gaza: life under missile-fire The Guardian 12 July 2014 12 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140712032222/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/11/ramadan-gaza-life-under-missile-fire live A 21 July news report stated that over 83,000 Palestinians had taken shelter in UN facilities.http://www.cnn.com/2014/07/21/world/meast/mideast-crisis Deaths mount in Gaza and Israel as U.S. pushes cease-fire CNN.com 21 July 2014 22 July 2014 24 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140724005411/http://www.cnn.com/2014/07/21/world/meast/mideast-crisis live Fatah officials accused Hamas of mishandling humanitarian aid meant for civilians. According to them, Hamas took the aid, which included clothing, mattresses, medicine, water, and food, and distributed it among Hamas members or sold it on the black market for profit.https://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Fatah-blasts-Hamas-over-crimes-during-Gaza-operation-372831 Fatah blasts Hamas for stealing humanitarian aid during Gaza operation 30 August 2014 30 September 2014 29 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140929061113/http://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Fatah-blasts-Hamas-over-crimes-during-Gaza-operation-372831 live According to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), over 273,000 Palestinians in the Gaza Strip had been displaced as of 31 July 2014, of whom 236,375 (over eleven percent of the Gazan population) were taking shelter in 88 UNRWA schools. UNRWA exhausted its capacity to absorb displaced persons, and overcrowding in shelters risked the outbreak of epidemics. 1.8 million people were affected by a halt or reduction of the water supply, 138 schools and 26 health facilities3 August 2014 Gaza Emergency Situation Report http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_sitrep_04_08_2014.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140806095656/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_sitrep_04_08_2014.pdf 6 August 2014 4 August 2014 United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs: Occupied Palestinian Territoryhttp://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/gaza-toll-passes-100-as-israel-raids-continue-2014711104221774156.html Gaza toll passes 105 as Israel raids continue Aljazeera.com 11 July 2014 17 July 2014 7 September 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200907174633/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/gaza-toll-passes-100-as-israel-raids-continue-2014711104221774156.html live http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/gaza-conflict-israel-hamas-both-committing-war-crimes-un-official-says-1.2723446 Gaza conflict: Israel, Hamas both committing war crimes, UN official says Cbc.ca 2 August 2014 31 July 2014 11 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230611050104/https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/gaza-conflict-israel-hamas-both-committing-war-crimes-un-official-says-1.2723446 live were damaged, 872 homes were totally destroyed or severely damaged, and the homes of 5,005 families were damaged but still inhabitable. Throughout the Gaza Strip, people received only 2 hours of electricity per day. Power outage had an immediate effect on the public health situation and reduced water and sanitation services, with hospitals becoming dependent on generators. On 2 September, UNRWA reported that 58,217 people were sheltering in 31 of their school buildings, a fifth of their buildings.http://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/emergency-reports/gaza-situation-report-56 Gaza Situation Report 56 UNRWA 30 September 2014 3 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141003051145/http://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/emergency-reports/gaza-situation-report-56 live OCHA estimated that at least 373,000 children required psychosocial support. "Intense overcrowding, compounded by the limited access of humanitarian staff to certain areas, is increasingly undermining the living conditions at many shelters and raising protection concerns. Water supply has been particularly challenging..."Occupied Palestinian Territory: Gaza emergency: Humanitarian Snapshot (as of 22 July 2014) http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/humanitarian_Snapshot_23July2014_oPt_V1.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20140727103308/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/humanitarian_Snapshot_23July2014_oPt_V1.pdf dead 27 July 2014 UN OCHA 22 July 2014 More than 485,000 internally displaced persons were in need of emergency food assistance. thumb|The Gaza Power Plant after it was attacked by the Israeli army on 29 July 2014. Gaza City, home to 500,000, suffered damage to 20–25% of its housing. Beit Hanoun, with 70% of its housing stock damaged, is considered uninhabitable, with 30,000 residents there in need of accommodation. The only power station in the Strip was damaged on 29 July, and the infrastructure of power transmission lines and sewage pumps was severely damaged, with a major sewage pipe catering to 500,000 badly damaged. Among the infrastructure targeted and destroyed by Israel's bombing campaign were 220 factories in various industrial zones, including a major carpentry enterprise, construction companies, a major biscuit factory, dairy farms and livestock, a candy manufacturer, the orange groves of Beit Hanoun, Gaza's largest mosques, and several TV stations. Farms, as a consequence of damage or the presence of unexploded ordnance dropped during the conflict, are often inaccessible, and the damage to agriculture was estimated at over $200 million. 10 out of 26 hospitals closed.Martin Lejeune, 'Touring the devastated industrial zones of Gaza' https://web.archive.org/web/20141020152836/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=721265 20 October 2014 , Ma'an News Agency, 18 August 2014.Jason Burke, 'Gaza homes 'uninhabitable' as tens of thousands come back to rubble' https://web.archive.org/web/20240827082849/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/11/damage-gaza-homes-israel-hamas-conflict 27 August 2024 , The Guardian, 11 August 2014.Tait Robert 'They want to make us dependent on aid' – Gaza's economy ruined by Israeli shelling https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/gaza/11007914/They-want-to-make-us-dependent-on-aid-Gazas-economy-ruined-by-Israeli-shelling.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/gaza/11007914/They-want-to-make-us-dependent-on-aid-Gazas-economy-ruined-by-Israeli-shelling.html 12 January 2022 subscription live The Daily Telegraph UK 2 August 2014 19 August 2014 thumb|The mosque in Khuzaʽa was amongst those destroyed in the war. According to the Palestinian Ministry of Endowments and Religious Affairs, 203 mosques were damaged during the war, with 73 being destroyed completely.Nafi Ahmad https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/articles/middle-east/14041-the-ancient-mosques-of-gaza-in-ruins-how-israels-war-endangered-palestines-cultural-heritage The ancient mosques of Gaza in ruins: How Israel's war endangered Palestine's cultural heritage Middle East Monitor 10 September 2014 17 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141025113040/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/articles/middle-east/14041-the-ancient-mosques-of-gaza-in-ruins-how-israels-war-endangered-palestines-cultural-heritage 25 October 2014 dead Two of Gaza's three Christian churches were also damaged, with the third suffering some damage to peripheral buildings owned by the parish. In light of damage to mosques, Manuel Musallam informed Muslims they could call their prayers from Christian churches.'Gaza's Christians and Muslims grow closer in defiance of Israeli attacks,' https://web.archive.org/web/20141019104026/http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/gazas-christians-and-muslims-grow-closer-defiance-israeli-attacks-372261379 19 October 2014 Middle East Eye 30 July 2014:"When they destroy your mosques, call your prayers from our churches".' Some of the mosques were described as "historic"; one was 700 years old and another 500 years old.Gaza's Casualties Of War Include Its Historic Mosques https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2014/08/12/339828441/gazas-casualties-of-war-include-its-historic-mosques NPR 8 October 2023 3 December 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20231203063903/https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2014/08/12/339828441/gazas-casualties-of-war-include-its-historic-mosques live Israel maintained that Hamas had a routine military use of mosques and that made them legitimate military targets. According to the IDF, 160 rockets were launched from mosques during the war.https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/israel-gaza-conflict-2014/1.610540 IDF, Hamas duel over massive damage to Gaza mosques Haaretz 14 August 2014 17 October 2014 13 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141113000754/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/israel-gaza-conflict-2014/1.610540 dead It also stated that mosques were used for weapon storage, tunnel entrances, training and gathering of militants.http://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/08/01/hamas-holy-places-in-gaza-as-terrorist-facilities Hamas Uses Holy Places in Gaza as Terrorist Facilities 20 October 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141026132213/http://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/08/01/hamas-holy-places-in-gaza-as-terrorist-facilities/ 26 October 2014https://www.haaretz.com/2014-08-26/ty-article/.premium/mosques-used-for-military-ops-say-hamas-pows/0000017f-e796-d97e-a37f-f7f722cd0000 Mosques used for military operations, say Hamas POWs 26 August 2014 Haaretz.com 20 October 2014 7 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141007115002/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/.premium-1.612455 live In one Associated Press report, residents denied that mosques damaged by Israeli forces had been used for military purposes.s Israeli shelling of Gaza mosques targets Hamas' capabilities, but also hurts social fabric https://www.foxnews.com/world/israeli-shelling-of-gaza-mosques-targets-hamas-capabilities-but-also-hurts-social-fabric/ Fox News 12 August 2014 17 October 2014 7 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141107224058/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/08/12/israeli-shelling-gaza-mosques-targets-hamas-capabilities-but-also-hurts-social/ live Cultural heritage sites were also damaged, including Tell es-Sakan, Tell Umm el-'Amr, and the Byzantine Church of Jabalia.The Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities conducts a Preliminary Assessment of The Intentional Destruction of Palestinian Cultural Heritage in Gaza 14 August 2014 https://www.palestine-australia.com/index.php/highlights/news/2014/the-ministry-of-tourism-and-antiquities-conducts-a-preliminary-assessment-of-the-intentional-destruction-of-palestinian-cultural-heritage-in-gaza/ 14 April 2025 Embassy of the State of Palestine: The General Delegation of Palestine to Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific The UN calculated that more than 7,000 homes for 10,000 families were razed, together with an additional 89,000 homes damaged, of which roughly 10,000 were severely affected by the bombing. Rebuilding costs were calculated to run from 4–6 billion dollars, over 20 years. On Israeli residents thumb|upright|A kindergarten in central Israel during a rocket attackhttps://www.flickr.com/photos/idfonline/14665449614/ IDF Flickr account Flickr 16 July 2014 30 September 2014 6 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101448/https://www.flickr.com/photos/idfonline/14665449614/ live thumb|upright|One of the shelter signs that were placed in the Ben Gurion Airport because of the rocket attacks on Israel Hamas and other Islamist groups in Gaza fired rockets and mortars at Israeli towns and villages. Despite Israel's use of the Iron Dome missile defense systems, six civilians were killed, including an Arab Israeli and a Thai civilian worker.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28439404 Gaza crisis: Toll of operations in Gaza BBC News September 2014 5 November 2019 29 October 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20191029212505/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28439404 live An Israeli teen was seriously injured in a rocket strike in the city of Ashkelon."Rocket seriously injures Israeli teen in Ashkelon" https://web.archive.org/web/20160820134053/http://www.jewishexponent.com/headlines/2014/07/rocket-seriously-injures-israeli-teen-in-ashkelon-dual-citizens-leave-gaza 20 August 2016 , JewishExponent.com, July 2014; accessed 23 November 2014. Medical health professionals have noted that Israeli teens prone to mental health problems suffer increasingly during both short-term and long-term conflicts. Experts have identified a number of mental health symptoms which rise during conflict, including anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, phobias, and paranoia. There is some doubt whether these issues will dissipate after the conflict is resolved."Israeli teens' mental health worsens when Arab-Israeli conflict does https://web.archive.org/web/20140804115845/https://www.timesofisrael.com/long-conflict-wears-on-teen-psyche-14-year-study/ 4 August 2014 ." The Times of Israel, 4 August 2014. Rocket attacks from Gaza caused damage to Israeli civilian infrastructure, including factories, gas stations, and homes."Rocket caused massive damage to the gas station, and a fire has broken out", Haaretz, 12 July 2014. At the onset of the operation, the Israeli government cancelled all programs within 40 km mi on of Gaza, and requested all people stay at home or near shelter. All summer camps were closed and universities cancelled their final exams.Sharon Itamar Newman Marissa Zion Ilan Ben https://www.timesofisrael.com/as-israel-grapples-with-homegrown-killers-violence-continues Israel launches 'Protective Edge' counteroffensive on Gaza, Jewish suspects reenact teen's murder Timesofisrael.com 7 July 2014 8 July 2014 22 April 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230422071058/https://www.timesofisrael.com/as-israel-grapples-with-homegrown-killers-violence-continues/ live Additionally, all gatherings of 300 or more people were banned.https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/09/world/middleeast/israel-steps-up-offensive-against-hamas-in-gaza.html Israel Steps Up Offensive Against Hamas in Gaza The New York Times 8 July 2014 Steven Erlanger Isabel Kershner 8 July 2014 22 February 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150222154524/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/09/world/middleeast/israel-steps-up-offensive-against-hamas-in-gaza.html live Due to the trajectory of rocket fire from Gaza, many flights in and out of Ben-Gurion Airport were delayed or rerouted.Lori Lowenthal Marcus http://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/rocket-sirens-in-tel-aviv-and-ben-gurion-airport/2014/07/13 Rocket Sirens in Tel Aviv and Ben Gurion Airport The Jewish Press 13 July 2014 17 July 2014 11 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230611050114/https://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/rocket-sirens-in-tel-aviv-and-ben-gurion-airport/2014/07/13/ live and flights to Ben-Gurion airport were interrupted for some days after a Hamas rocket struck an area in its vicinity. Hamas called the FAA flight ban a "great victory".2020-01-12 World suspension of Israel flights a 'great victory': Hamas http://news.yahoo.com/world-suspension-israel-flights-great-victory-hamas-161508458.html news.yahoo.com 22 November 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20191122141229/https://news.yahoo.com/world-suspension-israel-flights-great-victory-hamas-161508458.html live Michael Ross wrote that the decision was driven by anxiety and caused considerably more damage than the potential danger it prevented.http://www.blogsofwar.com/u-s-and-european-airlines-halt-flights-to-tel-aviv U.S. and European Airlines Halt Flights to Tel Aviv. Disrupting Civil Aviation Just Got Much Easier Blogs of War 22 July 2014 8 November 2014 7 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141107164624/http://www.blogsofwar.com/u-s-and-european-airlines-halt-flights-to-tel-aviv live About 4,600 claims for direct damage and 28,000 for indirect damage such as missed work days were submitted to Israel's Tax Authority, which paid ₪133 million for direct damage and ₪1.51 billion for indirect damage.http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-nis-2b-invested-in-israeli-region-bordering-gaza-1001076583 NIS 2b invested in Israeli region bordering Gaza 28 October 2015 23 April 2017 24 April 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170424085003/http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-nis-2b-invested-in-israeli-region-bordering-gaza-1001076583 live http://www.inn.co.il/News/News.aspx/308667 נזקי 'צוק איתן': 1.64 מיליארד שח 27 October 2015 23 April 2017 24 April 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170424173754/http://www.inn.co.il/News/News.aspx/308667 live The Bedouin communities in the Negev, living in many habitations built illegally and unrecognised by the Israeli government, were classified as "open areas" and so their 200,000 residents did not have warning sirens or anti-rocket protection.Jack Khoury Shirly Seidler Gili Cohen Bedouin in south unprotected from rocket fire Haaretz 16 July 2014 https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.605416 22 November 2014 15 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141215043632/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.605416 dead In Israel, an estimated 5,000 to 8,000Heller Aron Southern Israelis cautiously prepare to head home http://bigstory.ap.org/article/southern-israelis-cautiously-prepare-head-home 31 August 2014 Associated Press 6 August 2014 3 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140903103256/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/southern-israelis-cautiously-prepare-head-home dead citizens temporarily fled their homes due to the threat of rocketry from Gaza.Nidal al-Mughrabi and Allyn Fisher-Ilan."Israel, Palestinians launch new three-day truce" https://web.archive.org/web/20150626172944/http://www.mobile.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN0G907R20140810?irpc=932 26 June 2015 , Reuters; 10 August 2014. The economic cost of the operation is estimated at NIS 8.5 billion (approximately US$2.5 billion) and GDP loss of 0.4%. At the conclusion of hostilities 3,000–3,700 claims for damages had been submitted by Israelis, and $41 million paid out for property damage and missed work days. Reconstruction costs were estimated at $11 million.'The economic cost of the war in Gaza, CNN News 29 August 2014 Casualties and losses Most sources agreed that 2,200 Palestinians were killed, 65–70% of them civilians. Israel stated that 72 of its citizens were killed, of whom 67 were soldiers. +972 magazine pointed out that in this war, just like in other Gaza wars, the casualties were disproportionately Palestinian.What 'no country in the world' should tolerate https://www.972mag.com/what-no-country-in-the-world-should-tolerate/ 15 August 2024 +972 Magazine 13 July 2014 Israel says that 'no country in the world' would agree to live under the threat of Gaza's rockets, but ignores its own culpability in its 100-eyes-for-an eye spiral of violence. Palestinian List of Israeli strikes and Palestinian casualties in the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict According to the main estimates between 2,125 and 2,310 Gazans were killed and between 10,626 and 10,895 were wounded (including 3,374 children, of whom over 1,000 were left permanently disabledOperation Protective Edge: A war waged on Gaza's children, https://web.archive.org/web/20150420234058/http://www.dci-palestine.org/sites/default/files/operationprotectiveedge.awarwagedonchildren.160415.pdf 20 April 2015 Defence for Children International-Palestine, Ramallah, 16 April 2015.). An estimated 64–70% of Palestinians killed were civilians. These estimates were made by the Gaza Health Ministry, the Israeli organization B'Tselem, two United Nations organs (the UNHRC and the OCHA) and the Palestinian Center for Human Rights. Israeli officials estimated that around 40–50% of those killed were militants.Laub Karin AlHou Yousur 8 August 2014 In Gaza, dispute over civilian vs combatant deaths https://news.yahoo.com/gaza-dispute-over-civilian-vs-combatant-deaths-181755421.html live https://web.archive.org/web/20140810150331/http://news.yahoo.com/gaza-dispute-over-civilian-vs-combatant-deaths-181755421.html 10 August 2014 29 August 2014 Yahoo News Associated Press On 5 August, OCHA stated that 520,000 Palestinians in the Gaza Strip (approximately 30% of its population) might have been displaced, of whom 485,000 needed emergency food assistance and 273,000 were taking shelter in 90 UN-run schools.5 August 2014 Occupied Palestinian Territory: Gaza Emergency http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_sitrep_05_08_2014.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140808051540/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_sitrep_05_08_2014.pdf 8 August 2014 12 August 2014 SourceTotal killedCiviliansCombatantsUnknownPercent civilians (among known)Last updatedMethodologyTotalChildrenAdult womenElderlyGaza Health Ministry2,145Bannoura Saed 2014-08-27 Ministry of Health: "2145 Palestinians, Including 578 Children, Killed In Israel's Aggression" https://imemc.org/article/68969/ 2024-12-30 en-US≈1,501578263102≈644—~70%2014-12-14 Hamas flexes muscles with Gaza drone flight https://english.alarabiya.net/News/2014/12/14/Hamas-flies-drone-over-Gaza-during-anniversary-parade- 2024-12-30 Al Arabiya English en27 August 2014Incomplete countB'Tselem2,20350 Days: More than 500 Children - Facts and figures on fatalities in Gaza, Summer 2014 https://www.btselem.org/2014_gaza_conflict/en/ https://web.archive.org/web/20241214095909/https://www.btselem.org/2014_gaza_conflict/en/ 14 December 2024 2024-12-30 www.btselem.org live 1,371527note B'Tselem reported fatalities of 180 children 0-5 years old and 347 children 6-17 years old.247note Women over 18 and under 60112note B'Tselem includes men and women over 60 in the "elderly" category7854764%A detailed list containing the name, age, gender of every person killed, including the circumstances in which they were killed and who killed them (when known).UN HRC2,251http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/CoIGaza/A_HRC_CRP_4.doc Report of the detailed findings of the Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict1,462551299789—65%22 June 2015Fatalities compiled from media reports and then cross-checked with Palestinian, Israeli and international organizations. Data released by Gaza Health Ministry, the IDF and Hamas are all consulted.OCHA2,220Fragmented Lives: Humanitarian Overview, 2014 OCHA March 2015.1,49255129960512371%March 2015Israeli MFA2,125Annex: Palestinian Fatality Figures in the 2014 Gaza Conflict from report The 2014 Gaza Conflict: Factual and Legal Aspects, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 14 June 201576193642836%14 June 2015Uses its own intelligence reports as well as Palestinian sources and media reports to determine combatant deaths.Laub Karin AlHou Yousur 8 August 2014 In Gaza, dispute over civilian vs combatant deaths https://news.yahoo.com/gaza-dispute-over-civilian-vs-combatant-deaths-181755421.html 29 August 2014 Yahoo News Associated PressPalestinian Centre for Human Rights2,2162015-06-04 Annual Report 2014 - occupied Palestinian territory ReliefWeb https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/annual-report-2014 2024-12-30 reliefweb.int en1,54355629367369%3 June 2015Includes information collected via interviews with eyewitnesses of the event and family of the victim The UN and other organizations classified fatalities as civilians based on eyewitness accounts, interviews with family members and contacts with other field researchers. Israeli government said its figures were based on "intelligence", but did not provide any further details or evidence.Rudoren Jodi 5 August 2014 Civilian or Not? New Fight in Tallying the Dead From the Gaza Conflict https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/06/world/middleeast/civilian-or-not-new-fight-in-tallying-the-dead-from-the-gaza-conflict.html?_r=0 live https://web.archive.org/web/20140812080955/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/06/world/middleeast/civilian-or-not-new-fight-in-tallying-the-dead-from-the-gaza-conflict.html?_r=0 12 August 2014 11 August 2014 The New York Times The Israeli group ITIC provided details for its casualty count, but only for the first 152 casualties (7% of total dead), and stated that 47% killed were militants. The New York Times noted that the proportion of deaths that were female rose later in the war. Israeli sources claim that Palestinian militants try to "conceal" their dead; however, a New Zealander source said Palestinian armed groups claim their dead and hold "big funerals" for them, as that martyrdom is a matter of pride for them. Another question revolved around who is a combatant. Israeli sources tend to classify civilian employees of Hamas (such as those employed by various government ministries or political offices) as "terrorists". However, Human Rights Watch criticizes this practice as contrary to International Humanitarian Law and cautions that civilian employees of Hamas can't be targeted. The IDF captured the bodies of 19 Hamas fighters killed during the war. Israel continues to hold the bodies pending a prisoner exchange deal.Booth William https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/palestinians-and-israelis-are-now-fighting-over-corpses/2016/11/25/89641d30-7a8f-11e6-8064-c1ddc8a724bb_story.html Palestinians and Israelis are now fighting over corpses 25 November 2016 The Washington Post 24 May 2019 27 April 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190427024755/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/palestinians-and-israelis-are-now-fighting-over-corpses/2016/11/25/89641d30-7a8f-11e6-8064-c1ddc8a724bb_story.html live Human rights groups and the UN use the Gaza Health Ministry's number of Palestinians killed in Gaza as preliminary and add to or subtract from it after conducting their own investigations. For example, human rights groups say that the casualty count provided by the Health Ministry most likely includes victims of Hamas executions, domestic violence, and natural deaths, but they (the human rights groups) remove the accused collaborators (who were shot as close range) from their own counts. Israel contends that the Health Ministry's casualty count also includes deaths caused by rocket or mortar malfunctions. According to the OCHA 2015 overview, of the 2,220 Palestinians killed in the conflict, 742 fatalities came from 142 families, who suffered the loss of 3 or more family members in individual bombing incidents on residential buildings.Fragmented Lives: Humanitarian Overview, 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20201127200848/http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/annual_humanitarian_overview_2014_english_final.pdf 27 November 2020 OCHA March 2015. According to data provided by the Palestinian International Middle East Media Center, 79.7% of the Palestinians killed in Gaza were male, with the majority between 16 and 35. In contrast, a New York Times analysis states that males of ages that are most likely to be militants form 9% of the population but 34% of the casualties, while women and children under 15, who are least likely to be legitimate targets, form 71% of the general population and 33% of the casualties.Davidovich, Joshua Haviv Rettig Gur Marissa Newman https://www.timesofisrael.com/day-20-idf-toll-rises-to-42-hamas-breaches-truce-resumes-rocket-fire-kerry-heads-home/#liveblog-entry-1036480 Majority of Gaza dead are fighting-age men The Times of Israel 27 July 2014 27 July 2014 11 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230611103338/https://www.timesofisrael.com/day-20-idf-toll-rises-to-42-hamas-breaches-truce-resumes-rocket-fire-kerry-heads-home/#liveblog-entry-1036480 live Israel has pointed to the relatively small numbers of fatalities among women, children and men over 60, and to instances of Hamas fighters being counted as civilians (perhaps due to the broad definition of "civilian" used by the Gaza Health Ministry), to support its view that the number of the dead who were militants is 40–50%. The IDF calculates that 5% of Gaza's military forces were killed in the war. Jana Krause, from the war studies department at King's College London, stated that "a potential explanation other than combatant roles" for the tendency of the dead to be young men "could be that families expect them to be the first ones to leave shelters in order to care for hurt relatives, gather information, look after abandoned family homes or arrange food and water."Reuben Anthony 11 August 2014 Caution needed with Gaza casualty figures https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28688179 live https://web.archive.org/web/20200115231630/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28688179 15 January 2020 12 August 2014 BBC News Abbas said that "over 850 Hamas members and their families" were killed by Israel during the operation.Fatah, Hamas Preparing Groundwork to Dissolve Palestinian Authority Unity Govt https://web.archive.org/web/20140907170402/http://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/fatah-hamas-preparing-groundwork-to-dissolve-palestinian-authority-unity-govt/2014/09/07/ 7 September 2014 , Hana Levi Julian, 7 September 2014, Jewish PressKhaled Abu Toameh, Fatah members killed in Gaza during war, Abbas reveals https://web.archive.org/web/20170217085455/http://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Fatah-members-killed-in-Gaza-during-war-Abbas-reveals-374661 17 February 2017 , jpost.com, 7 September 2014; accessed 22 November 2014. During the fighting between Israel and Gaza, solidarity protests occurred in the West Bank, during which several Palestinians died; see Reactions. Israeli List of Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel, 2014 A total of 67 IDF soldiers were killed, including one who died of his injuries after two and a half years in a coma, two soldiers – Staff Sergeant Oron Shaul and Second Lieutenant Hadar Goldin – whose bodies are believed to be held in Gaza, and an off-duty soldier who was killed in a rocket attack near his hometown while on leave from service in the war.https://www.timesofisrael.com/soldier-injured-in-rocket-attack-dies-in-hospital/ Soldier killed in rocket attack laid to rest Adiv Sterman The Times of Israel 2 June 2024 17 November 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20221117194835/https://www.timesofisrael.com/soldier-injured-in-rocket-attack-dies-in-hospital/ live 0040-7909https://www.timesofisrael.com/two-years-later-idf-officer-succumbs-to-wounds-from-gaza-war/ Two years later, IDF officer succumbs to wounds from Gaza war The Times of Israel 4 January 2017 4 January 2017 4 January 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170104171441/https://www.timesofisrael.com/two-years-later-idf-officer-succumbs-to-wounds-from-gaza-war/ live https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4814444,00.html Status of Hadar Goldin and Oron Shaul to be redefined 6 October 2016 Ynetnews 6 January 2019 16 October 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20181016131547/https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4814444,00.html live Another 469 soldiers were injured. The IDF said that 5 soldiers were killed and 23 were wounded by friendly fire.https://www.haaretz.com/during-gaza-op-5-soldiers-killed-by-friendly-fire-1.5259729 During Gaza Op: Five Israeli Soldiers Killed in 15 Cases of Friendly Fire 17 August 2014 Haaretz 2 June 2024 27 January 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220127202353/https://www.haaretz.com/during-gaza-op-5-soldiers-killed-by-friendly-fire-1.5259729 dead Eleven soldiers were killed, and scores were wounded, in three separate Hamas tunnel attacks on IDF units inside Israel. No Israeli civilian casualties were reported in these attacks. Nine IDF soldiers and six civilians were killed in Israel by Palestinian rocket and mortar fire. https://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Terrorism/Pages/IDF-soldiers-killed-in-Operation-Protective-Edge.aspx IDF soldiers killed in Operation Protective Edge Israel MFA 3 January 2017 26 January 2022 27 January 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220127054535/http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Terrorism/Pages/IDF-soldiers-killed-in-Operation-Protective-Edge.aspx live https://mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/terrorism/pages/rise-in-rocket-fire-from-gaza-3-jul-2014.aspx Operation Protective Edge: Israel under fire, IDF responds Israel MFA 26 Aug 2014 26 January 2022 27 January 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220127190354/https://mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/terrorism/pages/rise-in-rocket-fire-from-gaza-3-jul-2014.aspx live That means that 64 percent of the victims of Hamas rocket and mortar attacks were IDF soldiers. According to Magen David Adom, 837 civilians were treated for shock (581) or injuries (256): 36 were injured by shrapnel, 33 by debris from shattered glass and building debris, 18 in traffic accidents which occurred when warning sirens sounded, 159 from falling or trauma while on the way to shelters, and 9 in violence in Jerusalem and Maale Adumim.Cease fire in Operation "Protective Edge" is holding MDA sums up 50 days of saving lives https://web.archive.org/web/20150626112327/http://www.mdais.com/316/7004.htm 26 June 2015 , Magen David Adom, 29 August 2014http://www.inn.co.il/News/News.aspx/282756 מד"א: 5 הרוגים ו-837 פצועים ב"צוק איתן" 26 August 2014 22 September 2014 21 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140921132725/http://www.inn.co.il/News/News.aspx/282756 live The first Israeli civilian death occurred at the Erez Checkpoint, where a Chabad rabbi was killed by mortar fire. He had come from the West Bank settlement of Bet Arye to deliver food and drinks to IDF soldiers on the front line. https://www.btselem.org/statistics/fatalities/after-cast-lead/by-date-of-death/israel/israeli-civilians-killed-by-palestinians Israeli civilians killed by Palestinians in Israel, since Operation Cast Lead B'tselem 26 January 2022 27 January 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220127190354/https://www.btselem.org/statistics/fatalities/after-cast-lead/by-date-of-death/israel/israeli-civilians-killed-by-palestinians live Tait Robert https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/10969563/Israel-to-escalate-Gaza-military-offensive-after-first-citizen-killed.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/10969563/Israel-to-escalate-Gaza-military-offensive-after-first-citizen-killed.html 12 January 2022 subscription live Israel to escalate Gaza military offensive after first citizen killed Telegraph 17 July 2014 London 15 July 2014Lappin Yaakov https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Barrage-of-rockets-fired-from-Gaza-despite-Israels-acceptance-of-ceasefire-362839 First Israeli death of Gaza operation as mortar shell kills man at Erez Crossing The Jerusalem Post 15 July 2014 17 July 2014 22 April 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230422183425/https://www.jpost.com//operation-protective-edge/barrage-of-rockets-fired-from-gaza-despite-israels-acceptance-of-ceasefire-362839 live The second Israeli civilian to be killed was Awda Lafi al-Waj, a 32-year-old Israeli Bedouin, who was hit by a rocket in the Bedouin village of Qasr al-Sir, near Dimona. In spite of having been recognized as a regular settlement in 1999, the village was still not hooked up to the national electricity grid. The rocket alarm system therefore was not operative in the village. The village had still not an approved master plan, which meant that all construction was illegal. There were no shelters, safe rooms or protective walls in the village. The area where the village was located was considered "open area" by military authorities and was therefore not defended by the Iron Dome air defense system.Amnesty International (2015), UNLAWFUL AND DEADLY - ROCKET AND MORTAR ATTACKS BY PALESTINIAN ARMED GROUPS DURING THE 2014 GAZA-ISRAEL CONFLICT https://web.archive.org/web/20220205021312/https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/MDE2111782015ENGLISH.pdf 5 February 2022 , pp. 31-33"Bedouin 'defenseless' as man killed, 4 injured by Gaza rocket" https://web.archive.org/web/20230613170844/https://www.timesofisrael.com/negev-bedouin-defenseless-as-man-killed-4-injured-by-gaza-rocket/ 13 June 2023 , The Times of Israel; accessed 22 July 2014. A Thai migrant worker was also killed by mortar fire while working at a greenhouse in moshav Netiv HaAsara, located a few hundred meters from the Gaza border. The IDF had previously converted the car park in the southern part of the village into an army base and placed tanks there.Berg Raffi Israelis on the frontline with Gaza BBC April 18, 2019 November 18, 2005 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4446576.stm 14 October 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20231014122703/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4446576.stm live The moshav provided no protection for the migrant workers working in the fields or greenhouses, located too far from the shelters.Amnesty International (2015), UNLAWFUL AND DEADLY - ROCKET AND MORTAR ATTACKS BY PALESTINIAN ARMED GROUPS DURING THE 2014 GAZA-ISRAEL CONFLICT https://web.archive.org/web/20220205021312/https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/MDE2111782015ENGLISH.pdf 5 February 2022 , pp. 29-31 On 22 August, a 4-year-old Israeli child was killed by a mortar that fell on kibbutz Nahal Oz.https://news.yahoo.com/gaza-mortar-fire-kills-child-southern-israel-army-155659460.html https://web.archive.org/web/20140824232042/https://news.yahoo.com/gaza-mortar-fire-kills-child-southern-israel-army-155659460.html dead 24 August 2014 Netanyahu warns Hamas of 'heavy price' after child killed AFP News 22 August 2014 Two Israeli civilians in kibbutz Nirim were killed in a barrage of mortar fire, an hour before a ceasefire went into effect. The two were the settlement's chief and deputy military security co-ordinators.Amnesty International (2015), UNLAWFUL AND DEADLY - ROCKET AND MORTAR ATTACKS BY PALESTINIAN ARMED GROUPS DURING THE 2014 GAZA-ISRAEL CONFLICT https://web.archive.org/web/20220205021312/https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/MDE2111782015ENGLISH.pdf 5 February 2022 , pp. 33-37 Both Nahal Oz and Nirim (as well as two other nearby settlements) were used as staging areas for IDF tanks operating inside Gaza. The settlements were used for envelopment, surveillance and military supply. Eyal Weizman commented that "Israel claims that Hamas is endangering its civilian population by locating its installations in inhabited areas... Israel does the same, though it has enough space to choose not to." Forensic Architecture, VIOLENCE AT THE THRESHOLD OF DETECTABILITY 2017 Weizman, Eyal 978-1-935408-86-4 ZONE BOOKS NEW YORK , page 190. Economic impact Palestinian officials estimated on 4 September that, with 17,000 homes destroyed by Israeli bombing, the reconstruction would cost $7.8 billion, which is about three times Gaza's GDP for 2011.Scale of Gaza destruction unprecedented, rehabilitation will cost $7.8 billion, PA says https://web.archive.org/web/20240124224821/https://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Scale-of-Gaza-destruction-unprecedented-rehabilitation-will-cost-78-billion-PA-says-374460 24 January 2024 , jpost.com; retrieved 4 September 2014.Culzac Natasha Israel-Gaza Crisis: Reconstruction of flattened Gaza will cost £5billion, Palestinian officials say https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israelgaza-crisis-reconstruction-of-flattened-gaza-will-cost-5billion-palestinian-officials-say-9713905.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israelgaza-crisis-reconstruction-of-flattened-gaza-will-cost-5billion-palestinian-officials-say-9713905.html 1 May 2022 subscription live 6 September 2014 The Independent UK 5 September 2014 London Gaza City suffered damage to 20–25% of its housing and Beit Hanoun with 70% of its housing uninhabitable. The New York Times noted that damage in this third war was more severe than in the two preceding wars, where in the aftermath of the earlier Operation Cast Lead the damage inflicted was $4 billion, 3 times the then GDP of Gaza's economy. Strikes on Gaza's few industries will take years to repair. Gaza's main power plant on Salaheddin Road was damaged. Two sewage pumping stations in Zeitoun were damaged. The biggest private company in Gaza, the Alawda biscuit and ice cream factory, employing 400, was destroyed by a shelling barrage on 31 July, a few days after undertaking to supply its Choco Sandwich biscuits to 250,000 refugees in response to a request from the World Food Programme; other strikes targeted a plastics factory, a sponge-making plant, the offices of Gaza's main fruit distribution network, the El Majd Industrial and Trading Corporation's factory for cardboard box, carton and plastic bag production, Gaza's biggest dairy product importer and distributor, Roward International. Trond Husby, chief of the UN's Gaza development programme in Gaza, commented that the level of destruction now is worse than in Somalia, Sierra Leone, South Sudan and Uganda. A number of tunnels leading into both Israel and Egypt were destroyed throughout the operation. There were reports that the tunnels between Gaza and Egypt were bringing an estimated $700 million into Gaza's economy through goods or services. Several Palestinians argued that the tunnels had been critical to supporting the residents of Gaza, either through the employment they provided or through the goods that they allowed in—goods which were otherwise not available unless shipped through Egypt.23 July 2014 Gaza's underground: A vast tunnel network that empowers Hamas Al-Jazeera Ben 27 July 2014 Piven http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/7/23/gaza-undergroundhamastunnels.html 27 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140727092706/http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/7/23/gaza-undergroundhamastunnels.html live However, tunnels along the Israeli border serve a purely military purpose.Goldberg J.J. Gaza Tunnels: How They Work, What Israel Knew http://blogs.forward.com/jj-goldberg/202874/gaza-tunnels-how-they-work-what-israel-knew/? 29 July 2014 The Forward 26 July 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140729094923/http://blogs.forward.com/jj-goldberg/202874/gaza-tunnels-how-they-work-what-israel-knew/ 29 July 2014 During the ground invasion, Israeli forces destroyed livestock in Gaza. In Beit Hanoun, 370 cows were killed by tank shelling and airstrikes. In Beit Lahiya, 20 camels were shot by ground forces.Gaza counts cost of war as more than 360 factories destroyed or damaged https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/22/gaza-economic-cost-war-factories-destroyed The Guardian 22 August 2014 10 December 2016 2 June 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240602053950/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/22/gaza-economic-cost-war-factories-destroyed live Israel's Minister of Finance estimated that the operation would cost Israel NIS 8.5 billion (approximately US$2.5 billion), which is similar to Operation Cast Lead in 2009 and higher than Operation Pillar of Defense in 2012. The forecast included military and non-military costs, including military expenditure and property damage. The calculation indicated that if the operation lasted 20 days, the loss in GDP would be 0.4%.http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-Operation-Protective-Edge-to-cost-NIS-85b-1000953306 Operation Protective Edge to cost NIS 8.5b 11 July 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140713032413/http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-operation-protective-edge-to-cost-nis-85b-1000953306 13 July 2014 Reactions International reactions to the 2014 Gaza War International thumb|Quds Day 2014 pro-Palestinian protest in Berlin, 25 July 2014 thumb|right|Pro-Israel demonstration in Helsinki, Finland International reactions to the conflict came from many countries and international organizations around the world. Canada was supportive of Israel"Canadian Prime Minister Harper Praised for Statement in Support of Israel's Gaza Campaign" https://web.archive.org/web/20141027210237/http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/07/13/canadian-prime-minister-harper-praised-for-statement-in-support-of-israels-gaza-campaign/ 27 October 2014 , Algemeiner.com; retrieved 25 August 2014. and critical of Hamas. The BRICS countries called for restraint on both sides and a return to peace talks based on the Arab Peace Initiative. The European Union condemned the violations of the laws of war by both sides, while stressing the "unsustainable nature of the status quo", and calling for a settlement based on the two-state solution. The Non-Aligned Movement, the Arab League, and most Latin American countries were critical of Israel, with some countries in the latter group withdrawing their ambassadors from Israel in protest. South Africa called for restraint by both sides and an end to "collective punishment of Palestinians". There were many pro-Israel and pro-Palestine demonstrations worldwide, including inside Israel and the Palestinian territories. According to OCHA, 23 Palestinians were killed and 2,218 were wounded by the IDF (38% of the latter by live fire) during these demonstrations.Israeli forces kill Palestinian during protest near Ramallah http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=719146 Ma'an Ma'an News 8 August 2014 13 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140816150710/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=719146 16 August 2014 dead (outdated figures)Gideon Levy, 'The IDF's real face', Haaretz, 30 August 2014Protection of Civilians: OCHA Weekly Report 24-30 June 2014, West Bank https://web.archive.org/web/20141126183051/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_protection_of_civilians_weekly_report_2014_7_04_english.pdf 26 November 2014 : as of 30 June (prior to Operation Protective Edge), 17 Palestinians had been killed by Israeli forces in 2014; Protection of Civilians: OCHA Weekly Report 2-8 September 2014, West Bank https://web.archive.org/web/20141006130427/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_protection_of_civilians_weekly_report_2014_9_13_english.pdf 6 October 2014 : as of 8 September (after Operation Protective Edge), the number had risen to 40 United States U.S. President Barack Obama acknowledged Israel's right to defend itself, but urged restraint by both sides. Meanwhile, the United States Congress expressed vigorous support for Israel. It passed legislation providing Israel with an additional $225 million in military aid for missile defense with a bipartisan 395–8 vote in the House of Representatives and by unanimous consent in the Senate.Galbraith James K. https://www.politico.com/story/2014/08/senate-approves-israel-aid-109642.html Congress backs aid to Israel – Burgess Everett Politico.Com 3 August 2014 21 March 2015 7 April 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150407072839/http://www.politico.com/story/2014/08/senate-approves-israel-aid-109642.html live This was in addition to strong measures supporting Israel's position passed with overwhelming support in both houses.http://www.aipac.org/learn/legislative-agenda/agenda-display?agendaid=%7B570C7179-9618-4DAC-A0C6-E5E35E1FA5CB%7D Support Israel's Right to Self-Defense 21 February 2015 3 April 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150403131637/http://www.aipac.org/learn/legislative-agenda/agenda-display?agendaid=%7B570C7179-9618-4DAC-A0C6-E5E35E1FA5CB%7D live Israel received strong statements of bipartisan support from the leadership and members of both houses of Congress for its actions during the conflict. A poll conducted in July found that 57% of Americans believed the operation was justified.CNN Poll: Majority of Americans side with Israel in Gaza fighting https://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2014/07/21/cnn-poll-americans-clearly-side-with-israel-in-gaza-fighting/ CNN July 21, 2014 20 June 2022 29 March 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220329165805/https://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2014/07/21/cnn-poll-americans-clearly-side-with-israel-in-gaza-fighting/ dead During the U.S. presidential primary race of 2016, Democratic candidate Bernie Sanders criticized Israel for its treatment of Gaza, and in particular criticized Netanyahu for "overreacting" and causing unnecessary civilian deaths.Bernie Sanders accuses Netanyahu of overreacting in Gaza war https://web.archive.org/web/20210314190928/https://www.timesofisrael.com/bernie-sanders-accuses-netanyahu-of-overreacting-in-gaza-war/ 14 March 2021 The Times of Israel, 19 November 2015 In April 2016, the Anti-Defamation League called on Sanders to withdraw remarks he made to the Daily News, which the ADL said exaggerated the death toll of the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict. Sanders said "over 10,000 innocent people were killed", a number far in excess of Palestinian or Israel sources' estimates.US Jewish group slams Bernie Sanders for misstatements on 2014 Gaza war https://web.archive.org/web/20210212064711/http://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/US-Jewish-group-slams-Bernie-Sanders-for-misstatements-on-2014-Gaza-war-450507 12 February 2021 The Jerusalem Post, 6 April 2016 In response, Sanders said that he accepted a corrected number of the death toll as 2,300 during the course of the interview, which was taped, and that he would make every effort to set the record straight. The written transcript of the interview failed to note that Sanders said "Okay" to the corrected number presented by the interviewer during the course of the interview.Sanders tells ADL he knows he got his Gaza death toll number wrong https://web.archive.org/web/20160411013806/https://www.timesofisrael.com/sanders-tells-adl-he-knows-he-got-his-gaza-death-toll-number-wrong/ 11 April 2016 Times of Israel, 8 April 2016 Gaza On 6 August 2014, thousands of Palestinians rallied in Gaza in support of Hamas, demanding an end to the blockade of Gaza.Palestinians rally in support of Hamas http://www.albawaba.com/news/hamas-palestinians-595217 12 August 2014 albawaba 7 August 2014 albawaba 2 June 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240602053952/https://www.albawaba.com/news/hamas-palestinians-595217 live After the 26 August ceasefire, the Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research conducted a poll in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip: 79% of respondents said that Hamas had won the war and 61% said that they would pick Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh as the Palestinian president, up from 41% before the war.http://www.pcpsr.org/en/special-gaza-war-poll Special Gaza War Poll 2 September 2014 Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research 3 September 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140905071227/http://www.pcpsr.org/en/special-gaza-war-poll 5 September 2014 According to The Washington Post, a percentage of Gazans held Hamas accountable for the humanitarian crisis and wanted the militants to stop firing rockets from their neighborhoods to avoid Israeli reaction."As war with Israel shatters lives, more Gazans question Hamas decisions", The Washington Post, 12 August 2014. Some of the Gazans have attempted to protest against Hamas, which routinely accuses protesters of being Israeli spies and has killed more than 50 such protesters.Hamas suppressing wartime dissent, shooting to kill Palestinian protesters http://www.worldtribune.com/2014/07/31/sources-hamas-quickly-puts-dissent-gaza-kills-palestinian-protesters World Tribune 31 July 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140802181856/http://www.worldtribune.com/2014/07/31/sources-hamas-quickly-puts-dissent-gaza-kills-palestinian-protesters/ 2 August 2014Kipnees Shira Hamas Executions Against Palestinians Protesting War in Gaza http://www.jspacenews.com/hamas-executions-palestinians-gaza/ Jspacenews 29 July 2014 usurped https://web.archive.org/web/20141006124558/http://www.jspacenews.com/hamas-executions-palestinians-gaza/ 6 October 2014August 2014 The sources lack evidence, referring to some "sources". Around 6 August, Palestinian protesters reportedly attacked and beat up Hamas spokesperson Sami Abu Zuhri because they blamed Hamas for inciting Operation Protective Edge.http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4555631,00.html Report: Hamas spokesperson attacked by Gaza civilians Ynetnews 6 August 2014 Ynetnews.com 7 August 2014 6 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140806225833/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4555631,00.html live http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/183741#.VHG0HvmUcRp Angry Palestinians Attack Hamas Official Over Gaza Destruction Arutz Sheva 5 August 2014 An unknown number of Palestinians, estimated in the hundreds or thousands, tried to flee to Europe due to the conflict. The Palestinian rights group Adamir collected the names of 400 missing persons. In what was described by International Organization for Migration as the "worst shipwreck in years", a boat carrying refugees was rammed by smugglers and capsized off the coast of Malta, resulting in the deaths of about 400 people. According to interviews with survivors, they paid smugglers between $2,000–$5,000 or used legal travel permits, to get to Egypt. One refugee who died had considered the boat to be rickety but told his father "I have no life in Gaza anyway".Khoury Jack Thousands of Gazans fleeing to Europe via tunnels, traffickers and boats https://www.haaretz.com/2014-09-17/ty-article/.premium/thousands-of-gazans-fleeing-via-tunnels/0000017f-e624-df5f-a17f-fffe5fb60000 18 September 2014 Ha'aretz 17 September 2014Heyer Julia Amalia Wilkens Chrissi Popp Maximilian Mayr Walter 'Left To Die': The Survivors of the Malta Refugee Shipwreck http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/survivors-recall-crime-of-malta-refugee-shipwreck-a-993031.html Der Spiegel 23 September 2014 Israel and the West Bank thumb|A pro-Israeli demonstration supporting Israel and the Israel Defense Forces in Tzuk Eytan thumb|Banner on a kindergarten in Kiryat Ono saying "Dear soldiers! Take care of yourselves! You are our heroes!" thumb|left|Demonstration against Operation Protective Edge in Tel Aviv, Israel A majority of the Israeli public supported Operation Protective Edge. A poll conducted after a temporary ceasefire came into effect during the war in July found that 86.5% of Israelis polled opposed the ceasefire.https://www.newsweek.com/majority-israelis-are-unhappy-ceasefire-poll-argues-261555 86.5% of Israelis Disagree with Ceasefire, Poll Finds 28 July 2014 Newsweek 6 January 2019 Another poll in July found 91% support for the operation among the Jewish public, with 85% opposed to stopping the war and 51% in support of continuing the war until Hamas was removed from power in Gaza, while 4% believed the war to be a mistake.https://www.timesofisrael.com/poll-85-of-israeli-jews-want-to-keep-fighting/ Poll: 85% of Israeli Jews want to keep fighting Andrew Tobin timesofisrael.com 31 July 2014 6 January 2019 Two other polls found 90% and 95% support for the war among the Jewish public.https://www.vox.com/2014/7/31/5955077/israeli-support-for-the-gaza-war-is-basically-unanimous 95 percent of Jewish Israelis support the Gaza war Zack Beauchamp 31 July 2014 Vox 6 January 2019Yaakov Yifa https://www.timesofisrael.com/over-90-of-jewish-israelis-say-gaza-op-justified Over 90% of Jewish Israelis say Gaza op justified The Times of Israel 29 July 2014 30 July 2014https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Poll-865-percent-of-Israelis-oppose-cease-fire-369064 Poll: 86.5% of Israelis oppose cease-fire 28 July 2014 30 July 2014 Towards the end of the war, after Israel announced the withdrawal of ground forces from Gaza, a poll found 92% support for the war among the Jewish public, and that 48% believed that the IDF had used the appropriate amount of firepower in the operation, while 45% believed it had used too little and 6% believed it had used too much. The poll also found that 62% of Israeli-Arabs believed the operation was unjustified while 24% believed it was justified, and that 62% believed too much firepower was used, 10% believed too little firepower was used, and 3% thought the appropriate amount of firepower was used.https://en.idi.org.il/press-releases/12789 August 2014 Peace Index en.idi.org.il 6 January 2019 The war saw strained relations between Israeli Jews and Israeli Arabs. Many Arab businesses closed as part of a one-day general strike in solidarity with Gaza, leading to Israeli Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman to call for the boycott of Arab businesses that participated in the strike. Thousands demonstrated against the war, including some who threw stones and blocked streets. About 1,500 Arabs were arrested over involvement in protests against the war. Numerous Arabs were fired or disciplined by their employers over comments against Israel and the war on social media. The most notable case was that of a psychological counselor who worked for the Lod municipality, who was terminated on the orders of the Mayor of Lod after writing a Facebook post expressing joy over the deaths of 13 Israeli soldiers in the Battle of Shuja'iyya. Arabs reported an increase in racism and violence from right-wing Jews. However, some Israeli Jews against the war joined in anti-war protests, and a handful were also arrested.https://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-arabs-caught-in-the-middle-of-gaza-war/ Israeli Arabs caught in the middle of Gaza war Aron Heller timesofisrael.com 27 July 2014 6 January 2019Carlstrom Gregg Businesses strike in Israel over Gaza http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/businesses-strike-israel-over-gaza-2014721191110588315.html 27 July 2014 Al Jazeera 21 July 2014https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/lod-psychologist-fired-for-joyful-post-on-soldier-deaths/ Lod psychologist fired for joyful post on soldier deaths timesofisrael.com 22 July 2014 6 January 2019https://www.timesofisrael.com/after-gaza-arab-israelis-fear-rising-discrimination/ After Gaza, Arab Israelis fear rising discrimination Ben Sales timesofisrael.com 5 September 2014 6 January 2019https://www.haaretz.com/4-israeli-arabs-disciplined-over-anti-war-facebook-posts-1.5256408 https://web.archive.org/web/20180823174133/https://www.haaretz.com/4-israeli-arabs-disciplined-over-anti-war-facebook-posts-1.5256408 dead 23 August 2018 Workplaces Discipline Israeli Arabs for Facebook Posts Against Gaza Incursion Or Kashti Eli Ashkenazi Nir Hasson 23 July 2014 6 January 2019 Haaretz There were continuous protests and clashes in the West Bank. The funeral of Mohammed Abu Khdeir on 4 July was joined by thousands of mourners, and was accompanied by clashes across east Jerusalem throughout the weekend.http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=710185 New Gaza fire as Palestinian citizens of Israel join protests Maannews.net 4 July 2014 12 August 2014 8 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140808122711/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=710185 dead September 2014 protests overall need to be summarized According to OCHA, 23 Palestinians were killed and 2,218 were wounded by the IDF, 38% of the latter by live fire. According to the PLO, 32 Palestinians were killed in the West Bank in the period 13 June – 26 August, nearly 1400 were wounded by Israeli fire and 1,700 were detained in the largest offensive in the West Bank since the Second Intifada. The PLO also stated that 1,472 settlement homes had been approved over the summer.PLO: 32 Palestinians killed in West Bank since June http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=724086 15 September 2014 Ma'an News Ma'an News 29 August 2014 15 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140915120554/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=724086 dead During the war there were over 360 attacks on Jews from the West Bank, a spate that was thought by The Jerusalem Post to have "peaked" on 4 August with a tractor attack in Jerusalem and the shooting of a uniformed soldier in the French Hill neighborhood, leading to an increase in security in the city.PolicePrepared Police Prepared for Increased Attacks in East Jerusalem https://www.jpost.com/National-News/Police-prepared-for-increased-attacks-in-east-Jerusalem-370809 6 September 2014 The Jerusalem Post 11 August 2014Chandler Adam Jerusalem on High Alert After Dual Terrorist Attacks http://www.thewire.com/global/2014/08/two-dead-after-attack-in-jerusalem/375521/ 7 September 2014 The Wire 4 August 2014 22 July 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160722124201/http://www.thewire.com/global/2014/08/two-dead-after-attack-in-jerusalem/375521/ dead On 1 September, Israel announced a plan to expropriate 1,000 acres of land in the West Bank, reportedly as a "reaction to the deplorable murder in June of three Israeli teenagers", which Amnesty International denounced as the "largest land grab in the Occupied Palestinian Territories since the 1980s".Amnesty International condemns Israel's 'illegal land grab' in West Bank https://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Amnesty-International-condemns-Israels-illegal-land-grab-in-West-Bank-373104 15 September 2014 The Jerusalem Post 1 September 2014Israel must scrap illegal land grab in the West Bank https://www.amnesty.org/en/news/israel-must-scrap-illegal-land-grab-west-bank-2014-09-01 15 September 2014 Amnesty International 1 September 2014 9 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140909230356/http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/israel-must-scrap-illegal-land-grab-west-bank-2014-09-01 dead The EU complained about the land expropriation and warned of renewed violence in Gaza; the US called it "counterproductive".Levinson Chaim U.S.: Israel's West Bank land grab 'counterproductive' to two-state solution https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.613424 https://web.archive.org/web/20140901123912/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.613424 dead 1 September 2014 15 September 2014 Ha'aretz Reuters 1 September 2014Eichner Itamar Top EU envoy slams land grab, warns of renewed Gaza violence http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4569655,00.html 15 September 2014 Ynet 10 September 2014 Alleged violations of international humanitarian law International law and the Arab–Israeli conflict A number of legal and moral issues concerning the conflict arose during course of the fighting.Levin Jamie Is Israel Fighting A Just War in Gaza? http://forward.com/articles/203082/is-israel-fighting-a-just-war-in-gaza-and-what-a/?p=all 18 December 2014 The Forward 30 July 2014 Various human rights groups have argued that both Palestinian rocket attacks and Israeli targeted destruction of homes of Hamas and other militia members violated international humanitarian law and might constitute war crimes, violations of international humanitarian law."52 Palestinians killed in bombings of homes in Gaza Strip, which are unlawful", B'tselem, 13 July 2014; accessed 22 July 2014.Palestine/Israel: Indiscriminate Palestinian Rocket Attacks Jerusalem 9 July 2014 22 July 2014 Human Rights Watch https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/07/09/palestineisrael-indiscriminate-palestinian-rocket-attacksTaylor Adam https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/07/09/roof-knocking-the-israeli-mjilitarys-tactic-of-phoning-palestinians-it-is-about-to-bomb 'Roof knocking': The Israeli military's tactic of phoning Palestinians it is about to bomb The Washington Post 9 July 2014 17 July 2014 Navi Pillay, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, accused Hamas militants of violating international humanitarian law by "locating rockets within schools and hospitals, or even launching these rockets from densely populated areas." She also criticized Israel's military operation, stating that there was "a strong possibility that international law has been violated, in a manner that could amount to war crimes", and specifically criticizing Israel's actions in Gaza as disproportionate.UN's Navi Pillay warns of Israel Gaza 'war crimes' https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28437626 BBC 23 July 2014 28 July 2014 Amnesty International found evidence that "[d]uring the current hostilities, Hamas spokespeople reportedly urged residents in some areas of the Gaza Strip not to leave their homes after the Israeli military dropped leaflets and made phone calls warning people in the area to evacuate", and that international humanitarian law was clear in that "even if officials or fighters from Hamas or Palestinian armed groups associated with other factions did in fact direct civilians to remain in a specific location in order to shield military objectives from attacks, all of Israel's obligations to protect these civilians would still apply."https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde15/017/2014/en/ Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories: Israel/Gaza conflict, July 2014 – Questions & Answers Amnesty International 25 July 2014 30 July 2014 B'tselem found that Hamas had breached provisions of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), both firing from civilian areas and firing at Israeli civilian areas. It also stated that the Israeli policy of bombing homes, formulated by government officials and the senior military command, though claimed to be in conformity with IHL, was 'unlawful', and designed to 'block, a priori, any allegations that Israel breached IHL provisions', in that it relies on an interpretation that leaves 'no restrictions whatsoever on Israeli action' so that 'whatever method it chooses to respond to Hamas operations is legitimate, no matter how horrifying the consequences.''Black Flag:The legal and moral implications of the policy of attacking residential buildings in the Gaza Strip, summer 2014,' B'tselem 28 January 2015, pp.48–49.Gili Cohen, 'IDF broke international law in dozens of Gaza war strikes, Israeli rights group says,' Haaretz 28 January 2015.'The Israel Defense Forces broke international law at least in some of the dozens of strikes it made against homes during the fighting in Gaza last summer, . . More than 70 percent of the people killed in 70 incidents examined by B'Tselem were non-combatants, according to the report . .In these 70 strikes, 606 Palestinians were killed, B'Tselem says, including 93 children under age 5, 129 children ages 5 to 14, and 42 teens, ages 14 to 18. This figure also included 135 women ages 18 to 60, and 37 men over 60 years old.' Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh urged the Palestinian Authority to sign the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC).'Haniyeh urges Abbas to stop 'stalling' on ICC' https://web.archive.org/web/20140912213035/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=727024 12 September 2014 , Ma'an News Agency, 12 September 2014. ICC prosecutor Geoffrey Nice said that a "decision to do nothing clearly emerges from the meeting" with the PA foreign minister Riad Malki.http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/09/pa-leadership-speaking-with-two-voices-2014911101131329372.html Is the PA stalling Gaza war crimes probe? Al Jazeera 30 September 2014https://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Report-Palestinian-Authority-preventing-ICC-from-investigating-Israel-Hamas-for-war-crimes-375166 Leaked letter suggests PA stalling ICC membership, possible war crimes probe 12 September 2014 30 September 2014 Israel announced its own investigations of both military and civilian leadership and the conduct during the war.Kershner Isabel Israel, Facing Criticism, to Investigate Possible Military Misconduct in Gaza https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/11/world/middleeast/gaza-strip-israel-criminal-investigation.html?ref=todayspaper&_r=0 14 September 2014 The New York Times 10 September 2014 Human rights organizations have expressed little confidence in Israel's measures, citing past experience.Tait Robert Israeli attacks on Gaza families must be investigated as war crimes, say human rights groups https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/gaza/11039636/Israeli-attacks-on-Gaza-families-must-be-investigated-as-war-crimes-say-human-rights-groups.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/gaza/11039636/Israeli-attacks-on-Gaza-families-must-be-investigated-as-war-crimes-say-human-rights-groups.html 12 January 2022 subscription live The Daily Telegraph (UK) 17 August 2014 London Moreover, several human rights organizations were denied access to Gaza by Israel, rendering it impossible for them to carry out on-site investigations.Gaza: Israel 'playing games' as human rights organisations denied access https://www.amnesty.org.uk/press-releases/gaza-israel-playing-games-human-rights-organisations-denied-access Amnesty International 10 November 2014Israel/Egypt: Provide Rights Groups Access to Gaza https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/08/20/israelegypt-provide-rights-groups-access-gaza Human Rights Watch 20 August 2014 10 November 2014 B'Tselem has refused to participate in the army investigation calling it a "whitewashing mechanism". According to The New York Times, "Of 44 cases initially referred to army fact-finding teams for preliminary examination, seven have been closed, including one involving the death of eight members of a family when their home was struck on 8 July, the first day of the Israeli air campaign, and others are pending." UN report The United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) commissioned the United Nations Fact Finding Mission on the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict, led by William Schabas to investigate war crimes allegations by both sides. Israel criticized Schabas as biased because he had made statements critical of Israel and sympathetic to Hamas. Schabas denied any bias,Winer Stuart UN Gaza probe head says he's not anti-Israel, will be impartial William Schabas, who called for Netanyahu to stand trial at ICC, says past comments won't bias investigation https://www.timesofisrael.com/un-gaza-probe-head-says-hes-not-anti-israel-will-be-impartial/ The Times of Israel 12 August 2014https://www.timesofisrael.com/watchdog-demands-schabas-quit-un-gaza-inquiry-over-anti-israel-bias Ynetnews 3 February 2015 Watchdog demands Schabas quit UN Gaza inquiry over anti-Israel bias The Times of Israel 30 September 2014 but on 2 February 2015 resigned from the position.https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4622206,00.html Head of UN inquiry into Gaza conflict to quit Ynetnews 2 February 2015 www.ynetnews.com Israel refused to cooperate with the commission by denying them access to the Occupied Palestinian territories and not responding to a list of questions relating to specific incidents. The State of Palestine fully cooperated with the investigation.http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/CoIGaza/A_HRC_CRP_4.doc Report of the detailed findings of the Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict United Nations 22 June 2015 The commission issued its report on 22 June 2015 and found evidence of war crimes by both Israel and Hamas.The report criticized Israel for its disproportionate airstrikes that damaged approximately 18,000 dwellings, its indiscriminate use of weapons in civilian areas, the high number of civilian casualties in the Battle of Shuja'iyya and "Black Friday" attacks on Rafah, and for letting violations of international law by IDF soldiers go unpunished. The report also found that rockets fired from Gaza into Israel by Hamas and other Palestinian militants were intended to spread terror.Gaza conflict 2014: 'War crimes by both sides' - UN https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-33223365 BBC June 22, 2015 March 20, 2021Ravid Barak UN Commission Finds Evidence of War Crimes by Israel, Hamas During 2014 Gaza War https://www.haaretz.com/2015-06-22/ty-article/un-report-evidence-of-israeli-hamas-war-crimes-in-gaza/0000017f-e3e1-d804-ad7f-f3fb28220000 Haaretz 22 April 2025 22 June 2015 Israel dismissed the investigation as "politically motivated and morally flawed", while Hamas said it wrongly equated "the victim and executioner". Alleged violations by Hamas Killing and shooting of Gazan civilians Hamas rockets failing Twenty alleged spies for Israel from Shuja'iyya were killed.https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Report-Hamas-executes-alleged-spies-shoots-protesters-in-Gaza-369331 Report: Hamas executes alleged spies, shoots protesters in Gaza Ariel Ben Solomon The Jerusalem Post 29 July 2014 30 July 2014 A few days later, Hamas reportedly killed two Gazans and wounded ten after a scuffle broke out over food handouts.http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/07/29/hamas-police-shoot-kill-starving-gazans-a-day-after-executing-protesters Hamas Police Shoot, Kill Starving Gazans a Day After Executing Protesters Algemeiner.com 29 July 2014 12 August 2014 The IDF stated on 31 July that more than 280 Hamas rocketshttp://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/07/31/hamas-launches-rockets-civilians-gaza Hamas Launches Rockets on Civilians in Gaza Idfblog.com 31 July 2014 22 August 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140822025714/http://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/07/31/hamas-launches-rockets-civilians-gaza/ 22 August 2014 malfunctioned and fell inside the Gaza strip, hitting sites including Al-Shifa Hospital and the Al-Shati refugee camp, killing at least 11 and wounding dozens.Mohyeldin Ayman Nassar Paul Ziad Smith Alexander Strikes Near Gaza's Shifa Hospital, Refugee Camp Kill at Least 10 http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/middle-east-unrest/strikes-near-gazas-shifa-hospital-refugee-camp-kill-least-10-n166571 NBC News 28 July 2014 Hamas denied that any of its rockets hit the Gaza Strip.,http://www.worldtribune.com/2014/07/30/israel-says-10-percent-hamas-rockets-misfire-fall-gaza-strip Israel: 10 percent of Hamas rockets misfired, landed in Gaza Strip World Tribune 30 July 2014 3 August 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140801101226/http://www.worldtribune.com/2014/07/30/israel-says-10-percent-hamas-rockets-misfire-fall-gaza-strip/ 1 August 2014https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/10-Palestinians-killed-in-failed-Gazan-rocket-attack-IDF-says-369180 10 Palestinians killed in failed Gazan rocket attack on Israel, IDF says JPost 28 July 2014 22 August 2014 but Palestinian sources said numerous rocket launches ended up falling in Gaza communities and that scores of people have been killed or injured. Israeli Military sources said the failed Hamas launches increased amid heavy Israeli air and artillery strikes throughout the Gaza Strip. They said the failed launches reflected poorly assembled rockets as well as the rush to load and fire projectiles before they are spotted by Israeli aircraft.http://www.worldtribune.com/2014/07/30/israel-says-10-percent-hamas-rockets-misfire-fall-gaza-strip/ Israel: 10 percent of Hamas rockets misfired, landed in Gaza Strip World Tribune dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140808071549/http://www.worldtribune.com/2014/07/30/israel-says-10-percent-hamas-rockets-misfire-fall-gaza-strip/ 8 August 2014 While the Al-Shifa Hospital incident is disputed, early news reports have suggested that the strike was from an Israeli drone missile.Makarechi Kia Who's Responsible for Bombing Near Gaza's Al-Shifa Hospital? http://www.vanityfair.com/online/daily/2014/07/gaza-shifa-hospital-bombing 26 August 2014 Vanity Fair 28 July 2014Westcott Lucy Who Fired on Gaza's Shifa Hospital? http://www.newsweek.com/mysterious-case-gazas-al-shifa-hospital-262086 26 August 2014 Newsweek 30 July 2014 Amnesty International concluded that the explosion at the Shati refugee camp on 28 July in which 13 civilians were killed was caused by a Palestinian rocket, despite Palestinian claims it was an Israeli missile.Isabel Kershner, Amnesty International Sees Evidence of Palestinian War Crimes in '14 Gaza Conflict, The New York Times (25 March 2015) Killing of suspected collaborators Hamas killing of collaborators During the conflict, Hamas executed Gazan civilians it accused of having collaborated with Israel, thirty on 30 July.http://www.i24news.tv/en/news/international/middle-east/38508-140728-hamas-executes-30-suspected-collaborators-report Hamas executes 30 suspected collaborators: report I24news.tv 29 July 2014 12 August 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140811202832/http://www.i24news.tv/en/news/international/middle-east/38508-140728-hamas-executes-30-suspected-collaborators-report 11 August 2014May 2019 The United Nations Investigatory Commission concluded that at least 21 personsnote 25 according to Human Rights Watch, 23 according to Amnesty International were killed in Gaza City in summary executions for collaboration between 5 and 22 August 2014 in Gaza City, most on the last date. 11 of those shot by firing squads on 22 August, a day after 3 al-Qassam brigade commanders had been killed in an Israeli strike at Rafah, had been taken from Al-Katiba prison. 7 were shot the same evening in "Operation Strangling Necks" directed against alleged collaborators.Report of the detailed findings of the independent commission of inquiry established pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution S-21/1, United Nations Human Rights Council 23 June 2015 pp. 130–131 paras 490–497 Norman Finkelstein compared the dilemma facing Hamas regarding collaboration within the ranks as similar to that expressed by Jewish leaders in the aftermath of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.Norman Finkelstein Norman Finkelstein Gaza: An Inquest into Its Martyrdom https://books.google.com/books?id=qo84DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA322 2018 University of California Press 978-0-520-29571-1 322–323 Abbas' Secretary-General, Al-Tayyib Abd al-Rahim, condemned the "random executions of those who Hamas called collaborators", adding that some of those killed had been detained for more than three years.PA slams Hamas executions of alleged collaborators https://web.archive.org/web/20140824050000/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=722656 24 August 2014 , Maan News Agencyhttp://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/middle-east/hamas-condemned-over-killing-of-21-suspected-informants-1.1905478 Hamas condemned over killing of 21 suspected informants Irish Times 30 September 2014 Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch and Palestinian human rights groups condemned the executions.Alleged Collaborators With Israel Killed in Gaza https://www.wsj.com/articles/hamas-kills-18-alleged-collaborators-1408715295 31 August 2014 The Wall Street Journal 22 August 2014Gaza: Halt Executions https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/08/25/gaza-halt-executions 31 August 2014 Human Rights Watch 25 August 2014Gaza: Hamas must end summary executions as 'informers' face firing squad https://www.amnesty.org/en/news/hamas-must-end-summary-executions-informers-face-firing-squad-2014-08-22 31 August 2014 Amnesty International 22 August 2014 24 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140824201635/http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/hamas-must-end-summary-executions-informers-face-firing-squad-2014-08-22 dead Bodies of the victims were brought to hospitals to be added to the number of civilian casualties of Israeli operation.https://www.haaretz.com/2014-08-24/ty-article/.premium/hamas-executions-reflect-panic/0000017f-e743-df5f-a17f-ffdffdfe0000 Hamas' executions meant to deter, but reflect panic 24 August 2014 Haaretz.com 30 September 2014 According to a Shin Bet official, "not even one" of the alleged collaborators executed by Hamas provided any intelligence to Israel, while the Shin Bet officially "confirmed that those executed during Operation Protective Edge had all been held in prison in Gaza in the course of the hostilities."Klein Aaron J. Ginsburg Mitch https://www.timesofisrael.com/none-of-alleged-gaza-collaborators-were-israeli-assets-intel-official-says None of alleged Gaza collaborators were Israeli assets, intel official says The Times of Israel 3 September 2014 23 September 2014 Senior Hamas official Moussa Abu Marzouk confirmed that some victims were kept under arrest before the conflict began and were executed to satisfy the public without due legal procedure.https://www.foxnews.com/world/israeli-group-wants-hamas-leader-to-face-war-crimes-charges-for-gaza-executions/ Israeli group wants Hamas leader to face war crimes charges for Gaza executions Paul Alster Fox News 21 October 2014 7 September 2014 Shurat HaDin filed a suit with the ICC charging Khaled Mashal with war crimes for the executions of 38 civilians.https://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/NGO-asks-ICC-to-indict-Hamas-leader-Khaled-Mashaal-on-war-crimes-charges-374302 NGO asks ICC to indict Hamas leader Khaled Mashaal on war crimes charges 3 September 2014 23 October 2014 Hamas co-founder Ayman Taha was found dead; Al-Quds Al-Arabi reported he had been shot by Hamas for maintaining contact with the intelligence services of several Arab countries; Hamas stated he was targeted by an Israeli airstrike.May 2022 On 26 May 2015, Amnesty International released a report saying that Hamas carried out extrajudicial killings, abductions and arrests of Palestinians and used the Al-Shifa Hospital to detain, interrogate and torture suspects. It details the executions of at least 23 Palestinians accused of collaborating with Israel and torture of dozens of others, many victims of torture were members of the rival Palestinian movement, Fatah.Palestine (State of): 'Strangling Necks' Abductions, torture and summary killings of Palestinians by Hamas forces during the 2014 Gaza/Israel conflict https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/mde2116432015eng.pdf amnesty.org Amnesty International 27 May 2015 United Kingdom 26 May 2015March 2016Gaza Palestinians tortured, summarily killed by Hamas forces during 2014 conflict https://www.amnesty.org/press-releases/2015/05/gaza-palestinians-tortured-summarily-killed-by-hamas-forces-during-2014-conflict/ https://archive.today/20150527024539/https://www.amnesty.org/press-releases/2015/05/gaza-palestinians-tortured-summarily-killed-by-hamas-forces-during-2014-conflict/ dead 27 May 2015 27 May 2015 Amnesty International 27 May 2015 Endangerment of Civilians Human shields Usage of human shields by Hamas The European Union condemned Hamas, and in particular condemned "calls on the civilian population of Gaza to provide themselves as human shields."http://ejpress.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49892 EU strongly condemns indiscriminate Hamas rockets on Israel and use of Palestinian population as human shields, 'terrorist groups in Gaza must disarm', calls for 'immediate ceasefire' 22 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141231235450/http://ejpress.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49892 31 December 2014 European Jewish PressEuropean Union: Hamas, other Gaza terror groups must disarm, Haaretz, 22 July 2014. Confirmation of this practice was produced by correspondents from France24, The Financial Times, and RT, who respectively filmed a rocket launch pad which was placed in a civilian area next to a hotel where international journalists were staying,http://www.france24.com/en/20140805-exclusive-video-hamas-rocket-launching-pad-near-gaza-homes-un-building/ Exclusive: Hamas rocket launch pad lies near Gaza homes 7 August 2014 France24 12 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140811163355/http://www.france24.com/en/20140805-exclusive-video-hamas-rocket-launching-pad-near-gaza-homes-un-building/ 11 August 2014 dead reported on rockets being fired from near Al-Shifa Hospital, and reported on Hamas firing rockets near a hotel."Hamas threatening journalists in Gaza who expose abuse of civilians." The Times of Israel. 28 July 2014. In September 2014, a Hamas official acknowledged to an Associated Press reporter that the group had fired rockets from civilian areas.https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.615478 https://web.archive.org/web/20140912093057/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.615478 dead 12 September 2014 Hamas acknowledges its forces fired rockets from civilian areas 12 September 2014 Haaretz While the Israeli government repeatedly stated that many civilian casualties were the result of Hamas using the Gazan population as human shields"Hamas again uses Gazan civilians as human shields to prevent the Israeli Air Force from attacking operatives' houses" The Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center; retrieved 13 July 2014. several British media organizations (including The Guardian, and The Independent) dismissed such claims as "myths"https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israelgaza-conflict-the-myth-of-hamass-human-shield-9619810.html Israel-Gaza conflict: The myth of Hamas's human shields 21 July 2014 The Independent dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140725012047/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israelgaza-conflict-the-myth-of-hamass-human-shield-9619810.html 25 July 2014 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/24/gaza-hamas-fighters-military-bases-guerrilla-war-civilians-israel-idf In Gaza, Hamas fighters are among civilians. There is nowhere else for them to go The Guardian Harriet Sherwood 24 July 2014 and the BBC's Middle East editor Jeremy Bowen likewise said he "saw no evidence of Hamas using Palestinians as human shields."http://www.newstatesman.com/world-affairs/2014/07/jeremy-bowens-gaza-notebook-i-saw-no-evidence-hamas-using-palestinians-human Jeremy Bowen's Gaza notebook: I saw no evidence of Hamas using Palestinians as human shields 22 July 2014 New Statesman Additionally the London-based NGO, Amnesty International, dismissed such claims, stated it was unable to verify them and emphasized that even if they were true the IDF would still have a responsibility to protect civilians.https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde15/017/2014/en/ Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories: Israel/Gaza conflict, July 2014 July 25, 2014 www.amnesty.org Amnesty International The statements fall into two categories: using civilian structures like homes, mosques and hospitals to store munitions in or launch rockets from,The Jerusalem Post https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Gaza-reporters-tweets-Hamas-using-human-shields-368689 Lahav Harkov Gaza reporters' tweets: Hamas using human shields 30 July 2014 24 July 2014 and urging or forcing civilian population to stay in their homes, to shield militants.May 2022 Israeli soldiers have also said Hamas operatives directly employed women and children as involuntary human shields to evade pursuit,http://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/08/25/soldiers-account-gaza-hamas-used-human-shields/ A Soldier's Account from Gaza: How Hamas Used Human Shields IDF Blog 25 August 2014 17 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20160101030959/https://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/08/25/soldiers-account-gaza-hamas-used-human-shields/ 1 January 2016 dead http://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/09/21/an-idf-soldiers-experiences-in-gaza/ An IDF Soldier's Experiences in Gaza IDF Blog 21 September 2014 17 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20160708180147/https://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/09/21/an-idf-soldiers-experiences-in-gaza/ 8 July 2016 dead while Hamas and others have said such accusations are false. Asa Kasher, who helped to write the Israel Defense Forces's Code of Conduct, argued that "Israel cannot forfeit its ability to protect its citizens against attacks simply because terrorists hide behind non-combatants. If it did so, it would be giving up any right to self-defense." Use of civilian structures for military purposes The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCHR) Navi Pillay accused Hamas militants of violating international humanitarian law by "locating rockets within schools and hospitals, or even launching these rockets from densely populated areas." But she added that this did not absolve Israel from disregarding the same law.DEITCH IAN and IBRAHIM BARZAK Israel vows to destroy Hamas tunnels, deaths spike https://news.yahoo.com/israel-vows-destroy-hamas-tunnels-deaths-spike-214755183.html 8 August 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140812195149/http://news.yahoo.com/israel-vows-destroy-hamas-tunnels-deaths-spike-214755183.html 12 August 2014 The UNHCHR report recognised that "the obligation to avoid locating military objectives within densely populated areas is not absolute. The small size of Gaza and its population density make it difficult for armed groups to always comply with this requirement."UN Human Rights Council Report of the independent commission of inquiry established pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution S-21/1 http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/CoIGaza/A-HRC-29-52_en.doc 1 June 2018 In a 2015 report,https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/MDE2111782015ENGLISH.PDF Unlawful and deadly: Rocket and mortar attacks by Palestinian armed groups during the 2014 Gaza/Israel conflict 24 March 2014 Amnesty International states that "There are credible reports that, in certain cases, Palestinian armed groups launched rockets or mortars from within civilian facilities or compounds, including schools, at least one hospital and a Greek Orthodox church in Gaza City. In at least two cases, accounts indicate that attacks were launched in spite of the fact that displaced Gazan civilians were sheltering in the compounds or in neighbouring buildings.". Israel has stated that many mosques, schools and hospitals were used to store weapons. The IDF spokesman said that mortar shells were fired from a boys' school that served as a shelter for refugees.https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4563980,00.html IAF destroys 2 Gaza high-rises, strikes school used for mortar fire Roi Kais Yoav Zitun Ynetnews 26 August 2014 www.ynetnews.com There were reports of the use of mosques to store weapons,Israel concentrates incursion along Gaza borders as Netanyahu warns of 'expansion' https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/israel-launches-ground-invasion-of-gaza/2014/07/18/8c751f72-0e41-11e4-8c9a-923ecc0c7d23_story.html The Washington Post 14 July 2014 Sudarsan Raghavan and having launch sites very close to civilian structures. Gaza's Greek Orthodox archbishop has said that Hamas used the church compound, which sheltered 2000 Muslim civilians, to launch rockets into Israel.GeorgeThomas http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/insideisrael/2014/August/Gaza-Bishop-Hamas-Used-Church-to-Fire-Rockets- Gaza Bishop: Hamas Used Church to Fire Rockets CBN.com 8 August 2014 12 August 2014Ben Ricky https://www.timesofisrael.com/gaza-archbishop-says-rockets-fired-from-church Gaza archbishop says rockets were fired from church The Times of Israel 7 August 2014 12 August 2014 France 24 correspondent Gallagher Fenwick reported that a Hamas rocket-launching pad was placed in densely populated neighborhood of Gaza City, about 50 meters from the hotel where the majority of international media were staying and 100 meters from a UN building. Fenwick said that "children can be seen playing on and near the rocket launcher".http://www.france24.com/en/20140805-exclusive-video-hamas-rocket-launching-pad-near-gaza-homes-un-building Exclusive: Hamas rocket launch pad lies near Gaza homes France 24 7 August 2014 12 August 2014 Israel released footage of Palestinian militants launching rockets from a school and a cemetery.https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Watch-Gazans-fire-rockets-from-school-and-cemetery-369063 Watch: Gazans fire rockets from school and cemetery 27 July 2014 30 September 2014 In at least one case a cemetery was targeted by an Israeli airstrike.4 Gazans die in Israeli bombing while burying deceased family members http://www.middleeastnews.net/index.php/sid/224972707 21 August 2014 22 August 2014 Middle East News.Net According to Shabak, the Israeli internal security service, some militants, when interrogated, admitted using civilian buildings for military purposes. The admissions included more than ten mosques that were used for gatherings, training, storage of weapons, tunnel activities and military observations. During interrogations, one militant said that he was instructed in case of successful abduction using a tunnel to take the victim to a kindergarten located near its opening.https://www.haaretz.com/2014-08-26/ty-article/.premium/mosques-used-for-military-ops-say-hamas-pows/0000017f-e796-d97e-a37f-f7f722cd0000 Mosques used for military operations, say Hamas POWs 26 August 2014 Haaretz.com 30 September 2014 thumb|Explosives were allegedly two steps away from a baby's bed in Gaza during the war. On 24 August, Israel released part of what it says is a Hamas training manual on urban warfare, which states "the process of hiding ammunition inside buildings is intended for ambushes in residential areas and to move the campaign from open areas into built up and closed areas" and "residents of the area should be used to bring in the equipment...take advantage of this to avoid [Israeli] spy planes and attack drones." The manual also explains how fighting from within civilian population makes IDF operations difficult and what the benefits of civilian deaths are.Hamas' disturbing 'human shields' manual, Bob Fredericks, NY Post, 5 August 2014 Hamas spokesman Sami Abu Zuhri dismissed the document as a "forgery...aimed at justifying the mass killings of Palestinian civilians." On 12 September, Ghazi Hamad, a senior Hamas official, acknowledged for the first time that Hamas did fire rockets from civilian areas and said "some mistakes were made".Hamas acknowledges its forces fired rockets from civilian areas, Haaretz (AP story), 12 September 2014; (same AP story:) Hamas admits to rocket fire from residential areas, Times of Israel (AP story), 12 September 2014. In Israel Israeli war crimes Israeli and Jewish critics of the war, including Uri Avnery and Gideon Levy wrote that in their own war of independence in 1948 (and earlier), Jews hid weapons in synagogues, kindergartens and schools as well.Uri Avnery, The Meaning of the British Vote on Palestine Counterpunch 17–19 October 2014: 'Another assertion is that these buildings were used by Hamas to hide their arms. A person of my age reminded us this week in Haaretz that we did exactly the same during our fight against the British government of Palestine and Arab attackers: our arms were hidden in kindergartens, schools, hospitals and synagogues. In many places there are now proud memorial plaques as a reminder.'Gideon Levy, Weapons of mass distraction, Haaretz, 12 October 2014: 'There was no Jewish settlement in the country that did not have a "slik" – as these storage sites were known – all in the heart of "civilian population concentrations", of course. At Ein Ganim there was a slik in a synagogue (permitted to bombard); at Nahalal, it was under the cow-urine removal pump (bombard it); the Aldema slik was in the courtyard of a home in the Borochov neighborhood of Givatayim (bomb it); the slik at Café Piltz was in the drinks storage room (demolish it). The Etzel pre-state underground had its own slik under the Torah Ark in the Hurva Synagogue in Jerusalem's Old City. Weapons in a synagogue? That was the cynicism of these organizations. Schools served as training installations, even as weapons production workshops. Other critics have noted that the headquarters of the IDF and Shin Bet, as well as an Israeli military training facility, are also located near civilian centers.Hass Amira https://www.haaretz.com/2014-07-14/ty-article/.premium/israeli-restraint-in-gaza-yeah-right/0000017f-dc10-db5a-a57f-dc7a17730000 Israel showed restraint in Gaza before attacking? You must be kidding – Diplomacy and Defense Israel News Haaretz 14 July 2014 3 August 2014 Commentators brought up the current high population density of Gaza in conjunction with Palestinian military activities and installations being in or near civilian structures."FactCheck: Does Hamas use civilians as human shields?" https://web.archive.org/web/20140725001908/http://blogs.channel4.com/factcheck/factcheck-hamas-civilians-human-shields/18534 25 July 2014 , channel4.com/factcheck; accessed 28 July 2014. Legality Using civilian structures to store munitions and launch attacks from is unlawful, and the Fourth Geneva Convention states that "The presence of a protected person may not be used to render certain points or areas immune from military operations."The Fourth Geneva Convention, part III: Status and Treatment of Protected Persons, Art 28. On the other hand, another convention says that "Any violation of these prohibitions shall not release the parties to the conflict from their legal obligations with respect to the civilian population and civilians, including the obligation to take the precautionary measures."The Fourth Geneva Convention, Article 51 According to Harriet Sherwood, writer for the Guardian, even if Hamas were violating the law on this matter, it would not legally justify Israel's bombing of areas where civilians are known to be. Amnesty International stated that "Indiscriminate and disproportionate attacks (where the likely number of civilian casualties or damage to civilian property outweighs the anticipated military advantage to be gained) are ... prohibited." It said that "Israel's relentless air assault on Gaza has seen its forces flagrantly disregard civilian life and property".https://www.amnesty.org/en/news/israelgaza-prevent-further-war-crimes-after-israeli-ground-assault-2014-07-18 Israel/Gaza: Prevent further war crimes after Israeli ground assault Amnesty.org 18 July 2014 3 August 2014 26 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140726193659/http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/israelgaza-prevent-further-war-crimes-after-israeli-ground-assault-2014-07-18 dead Human Rights Watch has said that in many cases "the Israeli military has presented no information to show that it was attacking lawful military objectives or acted to minimize civilian casualties."https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/07/15/israelpalestine-unlawful-israeli-airstrikes-kill-civilians Israel/Palestine: Unlawful Israeli Airstrikes Kill Civilians Hrw.org 16 July 2014 3 August 2014 An investigation by Human Rights Watch found that "in most of the sites we investigated so far (in this conflict) we found no valid military targets".https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/07/24/israel-gaza-human-rights-human-shields/13112057 Analysis: Human rights or human shields in Gaza war? USA Today 24 July 2014 26 July 2014 Oren Dorell A high-level group of former diplomats and military experts concluded that "the IDF acted within the bounds of international law during the war."https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Ex-generals-diplomats-absolve-Israel-of-Gaza-war-crimes-405888 Ex-generals, diplomats absolve Israel of Gaza war crimes The Jerusalem Post 13 June 2015 15 June 2015 Tovah Lazaroff The Israeli government issued a report saying that its military actions were "lawful and legitimate" and that "Israel made substantial efforts to avoid civilian deaths."https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-33128955 Israeli 2014 Gaza war actions lawful, report says BBC 14 June 2015 15 June 2015 The High Level Military Group, composed of military experts from Australia, Colombia, France, Germany, India, Italy, Britain, the United States, and Spain, released an assessment on Operation Protective Edge acknowledging Israel made "unprecedented efforts" to avoid civilian casualties exceeding international standards.http://www.high-level-military-group.org/pdf/hlmg-assessment-2014-gaza-conflict.pdf An Assessment of the 2014 Gaza Conflict Friends of Israel Initiative October 2015 High Level Military Group 24 May 2019 Medical facilities and personnel thumb|Photo taken during the 72-hour ceasefire between Hamas and Israel on 6 August 2014. A destroyed ambulance in Shuja'iyya in the Gaza Strip. Medical units including hospitals and medical personnel have special protections under international humanitarian law. They lose their protection only if they commit, outside their humanitarian function, "acts harmful to the enemy."Q&A: 2014 Hostilities between Israel and Hamas https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/08/03/qa-2014-hostilities-between-israel-and-hamas Human Rights Watch 8 August 2014 More than 25 medical facilities were damaged in the conflict; one attack on Al-Aqsa hospital killed 5 people.Dekke Stephanie Deaths as Israeli tanks shell Gaza hospital http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/deaths-as-israeli-tanks-shell-gaza-hospital-2014721124111171397.html Al Jazeera English 21 July 2014 In many cases, ambulances and other medical personnel were hit.Israel bombs Gaza ambulance as Friday death toll surpasses 100 http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=717447 Ma'an News 1 August 2014 12 August 2014 12 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140812212653/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=717447 dead Amnesty International has condemned the attacks and said that there is "mounting evidence" that Israel deliberately targeted hospitals and medical personnel; Israel said it had not.Mounting evidence of deliberate attacks on Gaza health workers by Israeli army https://www.amnesty.org/en/news/mounting-evidence-deliberate-attacks-gaza-health-workers-israeli-army-2014-08-07 Amnesty International 7 August 2014 4 December 2016 22 February 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150222092816/http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/mounting-evidence-deliberate-attacks-gaza-health-workers-israeli-army-2014-08-07 dead A Finnish reporter from Helsingin Sanomat reported seeing rockets fired from near the Gaza Al-Shifa hospital.VIDEO: Finnish reporter sees rockets fired from Gaza hospital, ynet, 2 August 2014. The IDF said that in several cases Hamas used Wafa hospital as a military base and used ambulances to transport its fighters."Hamas Uses Hospitals and Ambulances for Military Purposes", IDF blog, 28 July 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140811193044/http://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/07/28/hamas-uses-hospitals-ambulances-military-purposes 11 August 2014 Winer Stuart https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-targets-hospital-hamas-used-as-firing-position WATCH: IDF targets hospital used as Hamas command center The Times of Israel 23 July 2014 30 September 2014 According to the Israeli Shabak, many of the militants it interrogated said that "everyone knew" that Hamas leaders were using hospitals for hiding. Hamas security reportedly wore police uniforms and blocked access to certain parts of the hospitals. One of the interrogated militants reportedly said that civilians seeking medical attention usually were thrown out by the security. The Washington Post described Al-Shifa hospital as a "de facto headquarters for Hamas leaders, who can be seen in the hallways and offices."https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/while-israel-held-its-fire-the-militant-group-hamas-did-not/2014/07/15/116fd3d7-3c0f-4413-94a9-2ab16af1445d_story.html While Israel held its fire, the militant group Hamas did not William Booth The Washington Post 15 July 2014 Amnesty International reported that: "Hamas forces used the abandoned areas of al-Shifa hospital in Gaza City, including the outpatients' clinic area, to detain, interrogate, torture and otherwise ill-treat suspects, even as other parts of the hospital continued to function as a medical centre".https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/palestinianauthority/11631865/Amnesty-International-report-details-spine-chilling-Hamas-killings-and-torture.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/palestinianauthority/11631865/Amnesty-International-report-details-spine-chilling-Hamas-killings-and-torture.html 12 January 2022 subscription live Hamas 'tortured Palestinian collaborators' in Gaza hospital 27 May 2015 Telegraph.co.uk London Inna Lazareva French-Palestinian journalist Radjaa Abu DaggaJournalists threatened by Hamas for reporting use of human shields reported that Hamas militants interrogated him in Gaza's main hospital (Al-Shifa); his report was later removed from his paper's website at his request. Mohammed Al Falahi, Secretary General of Red Crescent, UAE said that Hamas militants fired on Israeli planes from Red Crescent's field hospital in order to provoke retaliation, attacked Red Crescent team on their way back and planted land mines on their path.http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/230953 What hurts is that the betrayal came from our own people 13 June 2017 Tal Polonhttp://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4975170,00.html Red Crescent: Hamas tried to stop humanitarian aid distribution in Gaza 13 June 2017 Roi Kais Urging or forcing civilians to stay in their homes The IDF has released photographs which it says show civilians on rooftops, and a video of Hamas spokesperson Sami Abu Zuhri saying "the fact that people are willing to sacrifice themselves against Israeli warplanes in order to protect their homes [...] is proving itself"."Is Hamas using human shields in Gaza?", CNN.com, 23 July 2014; accessed 28 July 2014."Is Hamas using human shields in Gaza?", 24 July 2014; accessed 28 July 2014. The EU has strongly condemned "calls on the civilian population of Gaza to provide themselves as human shields"Press Release http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/EN/foraff/144098.pdf Council of the European Union 6 August 2014EU calls on Hamas to disarm, condemns use of civilians as shields https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/EU-calls-on-Hamas-to-disarm-condemns-use-of-civilians-as-shields-368509 The Jerusalem Post 22 July 2014 6 August 2014 and US Congress-members introduced bills condemning Hamas for using human shields."Bills condemning Hamas on 'human shields' introduced in Congress." Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 29 July 2014."Ted Cruz, Kirsten Gillibrand team up on Hamas." Politico. 29 July 2014.Why is US congress statement worth including? Perhaps belongs in "Reactions" section July 2014 Civilians and activists in Gaza used themselves as 'human shields' in attempts to prevent Israeli attacks.Video Shows Gaza Residents Acting as Human Shields http://www.newsweek.com/video-shows-gaza-residents-acting-human-shields-israeli-forces-258223 Newsweek 10 July 2014 18 August 2014Israel raids Gaza missile site as rockets, rhetoric fly in Israeli-Hamas face-off http://www.cnn.com/2014/07/12/world/meast/mideast-tensions/ CNN 18 August 2014Israeli military's 'knock on roof' warnings criticized by rights groups http://www.cnn.com/2014/07/15/world/meast/mideast-israel-strike-warnings/ CNN 18 August 2014International activists staying at Gaza hospital the IDF plans to bomb https://www.haaretz.com/2014-07-12/ty-article/.premium/internationals-form-gaza-hospital-shield/0000017f-dc05-d3a5-af7f-feaf7d210000 TheMarker 12 July 2014 18 August 2014 Hass Amira Hamas officials said human shields were not used.May 2022 One Gazan stated that "nobody is safe and nobody can flee anywhere because everywhere is targeted." Many reporters, including from the BBC,"Jeremy Bowen's Gaza notebook: I saw no evidence of Hamas using Palestinians as human shields", New Statesman; accessed 28 July 2014. the IndependentThe Independent https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israelgaza-conflict-the-myth-of-hamass-human-shield-9619810.html Kim Sengupta Israel-Gaza conflict: The myth of Hamas's human shields 31 July 2014 21 July 2014 London dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140725012047/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israelgaza-conflict-the-myth-of-hamass-human-shield-9619810.html 25 July 2014 and the GuardianThe Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/24/gaza-hamas-fighters-military-bases-guerrilla-war-civilians-israel-idf Harriet Sherwood In Gaza, Hamas fighters are among civilians. There is nowhere else for them to go 31 July 2014 24 July 2014 said that they found no evidence of Hamas forcing Palestinians to stay and become unwilling human shields. Fatah officials said that Hamas placed over 250 Fatah members under house arrest or in jail, putting them under threat of being killed by Israeli strikes and shooting them in the legs or breaking their limbs if they tried to leave.Tensions between Hamas and Fatah overshadow work of reconciliation government, Amira Hasshttp://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4566940,00.html Hamas accused of abusing Fatah members during Gaza war ynet 2 September 2014 30 September 2014https://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/Palestinian-Authority-says-Hamas-shot-Fatah-men-in-legs-during-Gaza-fighting-371568 Palestinian Authority says Hamas shot Fatah men in legs during Gaza fighting 20 August 2014 30 September 2014 According to Abbas, more than 300 Fatah members were placed under house arrest and 120 were executed for fleeing. Amnesty International reported that it did "not have evidence at this point" that Palestinian civilians were intentionally used by Hamas or Palestinian armed groups during the current hostilities to "shield" specific locations or military personnel or equipment from Israeli attacks". It additionally said that "public statements referring to entire areas are not the same as directing specific civilians to remain in their homes as "human shields" for fighters, munitions, or military equipment" and that "even if officials or fighters from Hamas or Palestinian armed groups ... did in fact direct civilians to remain in a specific location in order to shield military objectives ..., all of Israel's obligations to protect these civilians would still apply." Human Rights Watch said many of the attacks on targets appeared to be "disproportionate" and "indiscriminate". Human Rights Watch attributed many civilian deaths to the lack of safe places to flee to, and accused Israel of firing at fleeing civilians. It stated that there are many reasons that prevent civilians from abiding by warnings, and that the failure to abide by warnings does not make civilians lawful targets. Rocket attacks on Israeli civilians thumb|House destroyed by a rocket in Yehud, Israel Human rights organizations, including Amnesty International, pointed to Hamas's rocket attacks on Israeli cities as violations of international law and war crimes. Palestinian ambassador to the UN Human Rights Council, Ibrahim Khraishi stated in a 9 July interview on PA TV that the "missiles that are now being launched against Israel – each and every missile constitutes a crime against humanity, whether it hits or misses, because it is directed at civilian targets".Soffer Ari PA Official Admits: Israel Follows International Law, We Don't http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/182837 israelnationalnews.com/News/ 13 July 2014 Arutz Sheva 13 July 2014 Hamas political figure Khaled Mashal has defended the firing of rockets into Israel, saying that "our victims are civilians and theirs are soldiers"."In defiant speech, Mashaal denies ceasefire close", The Times of Israel; accessed 28 July 2014. According to one report, "nearly all the 2,500–3,000 rockets and mortars Hamas has fired at Israel since the start of the war seem to have been aimed at towns", including an attack on "a kibbutz collective farm close to the Gaza border", in which an Israeli child was killed.Baker Luke https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-gaza-hamas-document-idUSKBN0GO0D120140824 Israel says it found Hamas training manual in Gaza Reuters 24 August 2014 25 August 2014 Former Israeli Lt. Col. Jonathan D. Halevi stated that "Hamas has expressed pride in aiming long-range rockets at strategic targets in Israel including the nuclear reactor in Dimona, the chemical plants in Haifa, and Ben-Gurion Airport", which "could have caused thousands" of Israeli casualties "if successful".Halevi Jonathan D. http://jcpa.org/hamas-threat-no-different-from-isis/ The Hamas Threat to the West Is No Different from ISIS Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs 4 August 2014 25 August 2014 According to Israel, Hamas continued to fire rockets at the Erez border crossing while sick and wounded Gazans tried to enter Israel for treatment. The Erez border crossing is the only legal border crossing between Gaza and Israel. Other people affected by this included journalists, UN workers, and volunteers.Hamas 'fires at sick Gazans trying to leave for medical treatment', Ynet News, Assaf Kamar, 1 September 2014Waiting to transport sick, drivers at Gaza crossing come under attack, The Times of Israel, Lazar Berman and Marissa Newman, 24 August 2014 Military use of UN facilities The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) has a number of institutions and schools in the Gaza region, and, as of 24 July 23 had been closed. Hamas took advantage of the closures to employ some of these vacant UNRWA buildings as weapon storage sites.Colum Lynch, "The U.N. Takes Fire in Gaza", Foreign Policy, 24 July 2014. UNRWA officials, on discovering that three"UN admits its schools in Gaza were used to store Hamas rockets" https://web.archive.org/web/20140726004755/http://www.worldtribune.com/2014/07/23/un-acknowledges-facilities-gaza-used-store-hamas-rockets 26 July 2014 , The World Tribune, 23 July 2014.Chandler, Adam. "Hamas Rockets Found in Second United Nations School" https://web.archive.org/web/20140729235207/http://www.thewire.com/global/2014/07/hamas-rockets-found-in-second-united-nations-school/374874/ 29 July 2014 , The Wire, 22 July 2014. such vacated schools had been employed for storing rockets, condemned Hamas's actions, calling it a "flagrant violation of the neutrality of our premises."France-Presse, Agence. "UNRWA investigating discovery of 20 rockets found in empty Gaza school." The Guardian. Friday, 18 July 2014.http://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/press-releases/unrwa-condemns-placement-rockets-second-time-one-its-schools UNRWA condemns placement of rockets, for a second time, in one of its schools UNWRA 22 July 2014 30 July 2014Issacharoff Avi https://www.timesofisrael.com/rockets-found-in-unrwa-school-for-third-time/ Rockets found in UNRWA school, for third time The Times of Israel 30 July 2014 4 August 2014 On 16 July,http://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/press-releases/unrwa-strongly-condemns-placement-rockets-school Strongly Condemns Placement of Rockets in School UNRWA 17 July 2014 1 August 2014 22 July,http://www.unrwa.org/newsroom/press-releases/unrwa-condemns-placement-rockets-second-time-one-its-schools Condemns Placement of Rockets, for a Second Time, in One of Its Schools UNRWA 22 July 2014 2 August 2014 and on 29 July, the UNRWA announced that rockets had been found in their schools.Nidal al-Mughrabi Maayan Lubell https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-gaza-idUSKBN0FV04A20140730 Carnage at U.N. school as Israel pounds Gaza Strip Reuters 29 July 2014 2 August 2014 Israel's foreign minister Avigdor Lieberman stated that UNRWA had turned over some discovered rockets to Hamas.Keinon Herb Cashman Greer Fay Liberman to Ban: Israel outraged over UNRWA turning over rockets to Hamas https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Liberman-to-Ban-Israel-outraged-over-UNRWA-turning-over-rockets-to-Hamas-368578 30 July 2014 The Jerusalem Post 23 July 2014 Israel Democracy Institute Vice President, Mordechai Kremnitzer, accused the UNRWA of war crimes for handing over the rockets, while Hebrew University Professor Robbie Sabel stated that the UNRWA "had no legal obligation to hand the rockets over to Israel" and had little other choice in the matter."Did UNRWA Commit a War Crime by Handing Rockets Over To Hamas", Jerusalem Post, 22 July 2014. UNRWA states the armouries had been transferred to local police authorities under the Ramallah national unity government's authority, in accordance with "longstanding UN practice in UN humanitarian operations worldwide".https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/UNRWA-denies-giving-rockets-found-on-its-premises-to-Hamas-368358 UNRWA denies giving rockets found on its premises to Hamas The Jerusalem Post 21 July 2014 23 July 2014"UN agency handed rockets back to Hamas, Israel says", timesofisrael.com; accessed 28 July 2014. UN Secretary Ban Ki-moon ordered an investigation.Ban Orders Review Following Allegations That UNRWA Gave Rockets Back To Hamas,'. Jewish Telegraphic Agency, 24 July 2014. On 30 July, the IDF said that they had discovered the entrance to a tunnel concealed inside a UNRWA medical clinic in Khan Yunis. The clinic was rigged with explosives, which then exploded and killed three Israeli soldiers. This report was later corrected by the Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories, the military unit that implements government policies in the Palestinian areas, who later that day stated that despite its UNRWA sign, the site was not registered as belonging to UNRWA.https://www.timesofisrael.com/3-idf-soldiers-killed-in-booby-trapped-unrwa-clinic/ Militants 'blow up UNRWA clinic,' killing 3 soldiers The Times of Israel 30 July 2014 30 July 2014 Intimidation of journalists Israeli officials said Hamas intimidates journalists in Gaza. A French reporter said that he was "detained and interrogated by members of Hamas's al-Qassam Brigade" in Gaza's Al-Shifa hospital, and forced to leave Gaza; he later asked the newspaper to remove his article from their site."Tu dois quitter Gaza au plus vite et arrêter de travailler." Liberation. 24 July 2014.Debinski Gabrielle Avi-Guy Or Fleischer Tzvi Trapped in Gaza: How Hamas punishes reporters for the truth 31 July 2014 The Australian subscription https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/opinion/trapped-in-gaza-how-hamas-punishes-reporters-for-the-truth/news-story/410ed7246752eb3fbe251557c43647d4 Some journalists reported threats on social media against those who tweet about rocket launch sites. John Reed of The Financial Times was threatened after he tweeted about rockets being fired from near Al-Shifa Hospital, and RT correspondent Harry Fear was told to leave Gaza after he tweeted that Hamas fired rockets from near his hotel. Isra al-Modallal, head of foreign relations for the Hamas Information Ministry, said Hamas did deport foreign journalists who filmed Hamas rocket launches, stating that by filming the launch sites the journalists were collaborating with Israel."Hamas deported journalists, spokesperson reportedly admits", Haaretz.com; accessed 22 November 2014.Hamas Spox: We Deported Foreign Journalists for Filming Missile Launches, Algemeiner.com The Foreign Press Association (FPA) in Israel and the Palestinian territories protested what it called "blatant, incessant, forceful and unorthodox methods employed by the Hamas authorities ... against visiting international journalists in Gaza", saying several had been harassed or questioned over information they reported. It also said that Hamas was trying to "put in place a 'vetting' procedure" that would allow the blacklisting of specific journalists.http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4557775,00.html Foreign reporters condemn Hamas' censorship policy in Gaza Ynetnews Ynetnews.com 20 June 1995 21 August 2014 Benhorin Yitzhak Foreign journalists protest Hamas threats http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-foreign-journalists-protest-hamas-threats-1000963063 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140814010258/http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-foreign-journalists-protest-hamas-threats-1000963063 14 August 2014 The Jerusalem Post said UNRWA workers were threatened by Hamas at gun-point during the war, but Christopher Gunness, UNRWA spokesman, said "I have checked and double checked with sources in Gaza and there is no evidence of death threats made to UNRWA personnel."Exclusive: Hamas threatened UNRWA personnel at gun-point during Gaza war 11 September 2014 https://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Exclusive-Hamas-threatened-UNRWA-personnel-at-gun-point-during-Gaza-war-375051 22 November 2014 Some FPA members disputed the FPA's comments, including New York Times Jerusalem bureau chief Jodi Rudoren, who wrote "every reporter I've met who was in Gaza during [the] war says this Israeli/now FPA narrative of Hamas harassment is nonsense."https://www.haaretz.com/2014-08-13/ty-article/.premium/foreign-press-divided-over-hamas-harassment/0000017f-e5ee-da9b-a1ff-edefb95e0000 Foreign press divided over Hamas harassment: Protest issued by Foreign Press Association in Israel and the Palestinian Territories against Hamas intimidation in Gaza is hotly disputed by some members 13 August 2014 Haaretz.com 30 September 2014 Haaretz interviewed many foreign journalists and found "all but a few of the journalists deny any such pressure". They said Hamas's intimidation was no worse than what they got from the IDF, and said no armed forces would permit reporters to broadcast militarily sensitive information; and that, furthermore, most reporters seldom saw Hamas fighters, because they fought from concealed locations and in places that were too dangerous to approach.Anshel Pfeffer, "Foreign press: Hamas didn't censor us in Gaza, they were nowhere to be found", Haaretz, 8 August 2014. Alleged violations by Israel Israel received some 500 complaints concerning 360 alleged violations. 80 were closed without criminal charges, 6 cases were opened on incidents allegedly involving criminal conduct, and in one case regarding 3 IDF soldiers in the aftermath of the Battle of Shuja'iyya, a charge of looting was laid. Most cases were closed for what the military magistrates considered to be lack of evidence to sustain a charge of misconduct. No mention was made of incidents during the "Black Friday" events at Rafah.Israeli army exonerates itself in scores of investigations into 2014 Gaza war crimes, Ma'an News Agency 25 August 2016.Gili Cohen, Closes Probes of Alleged Crimes, Some Involving Civilian Deaths, in 2014 Gaza War,' Haaretz24 August 2016. According to Assaf Sharon of Tel Aviv University, the IDF was pressured by politicians to unleash unnecessary violence whose basic purpose was 'to satisfy a need for vengeance,' which the politicians themselves tried to whip up in Israel's population. Asa Kasher wrote that the IDF was pulled into fighting "that is both strategically and morally asymmetric" and that like any other army it made mistakes, but the charges it faces are "grossly unfair".http://jewishreviewofbooks.com/articles/1104/the-ethics-of-protective-edge The Ethics of Protective Edge 16 September 2014 27 October 2014 The Israeli NGO Breaking the Silence, reporting on its analysis of 111 testimonies concerning the war by some 70 IDF soldiers and officers,Neve Gordon, 'The Day After,' London Review of Books 4 May 2015.http://www.breakingthesilence.org.il/inside/breaking-the-silence-response-to-the-un-report-on-operation-protective-edge/ This is How We Fought in Gaza – Soldiers ׳ testimonies and photographs from Operation Protective Edge Breaking the Silence 2014 17 June 2017 cited one veteran's remark that "Anyone found in an IDF area, which the IDF had occupied, was not a civilian," to argue that this was the basic rule of engagement. Soldiers were briefed to regard everything inside the Strip as a threat. The report cites several examples of civilians, including women, being shot dead and defined as "terrorists" in later reports.Peter Beaumont, 'Israeli soldiers cast doubt on legality of Gaza military tactics' The Guardian 4 May 23015.Gili Cohen, 'Report: Army veterans slam IDF policy in Gaza war,' Haaretz 4 May 2015. Since leaflets were dropped telling civilians to leave areas to be bombed, soldiers could assume any movement in a bombed area entitled them to shoot. In one case that came under investigation, Lt Col Neria Yeshurun ordered a Palestinian medical centre to be shelled to avenge the killing of one of his officers by a sniper.Peter Beaumont, 'Video contradicts account of Israeli officer who killed Palestinian teenager' The Guardian 13 July 2015. Civilian deaths Many of those killed were civilians, prompting concern from many humanitarian organisations. An investigation by Human Rights Watch concluded that Israel had probably committed war crimes on three specific incidents involving strikes on UNWRA schools."HRW: Israel likely to have committed Gaza war crimes" https://web.archive.org/web/20140911235748/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=726796 11 September 2014 , Ma'an News Agency 10 September 2014. Amnesty International stated that: "Israeli forces have carried out attacks that have killed hundreds of civilians, including through the use of precision weaponry such as drone-fired missiles, and attacks using munitions such as artillery, which cannot be precisely targeted, on very densely populated residential areas, such as Shuja'iyya. They have also directly attacked civilian objects." B'tselem has compiled an infogram listing families killed at home in 72 incidents of bombing or shelling, comprising 547 people killed, of whom 125 were women under 60, 250 were minors, and 29 were over 60. On 24 August, Palestinian health officials said that 89 families had been killed.https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.612255 https://web.archive.org/web/20140825132304/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.612255 dead 25 August 2014 89 families killed in Gaza since hostilities began, Palestinians say 24 August 2014 Haaretz.com 30 September 2014 Nine people were killed while watching the World Cup in a cafe,http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jul-11/263444-world-cup-fans-killed-as-israel-hits-gaza.ashx#axzz37A99efdC World Cup fans killed as Israel hits Gaza The Daily Star 11 July 2014 17 July 2014 and 8 members of a family died that Israel has said were inadvertently killed.http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2014/07/10/israeli-army-family-members-killed-error_n_5574298.html Israeli Army Says Killing of 8 Palestinian Family Members Was Not Intentional Huffington Post 10 July 2014 17 July 2014 A Golani soldier interviewed about his operations inside Gaza said they often could not distinguish between civilians and Hamas fighters because some Hamas operatives dressed in plainclothes and the night vision goggles made everything look green. An IDF spokesperson said that Hamas "deploys in residential areas, creating rocket launch sites, command and control centers, and other positions deep in the heart of urban areas. By doing so, Hamas chooses the battleground where the IDF is forced to operate."Simone Wilson,'The fury (and boredom) of war: Battlefield stories of courage, fear and frustration from IDF soldiers in Gaza', The Jewish Journal, 20 August 2014. The highest-ranking U.S. military officer, Army General Martin Dempsey, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, said that "Israel went to extraordinary lengths to limit collateral damage and civilian casualties". Later in his speech he said, "the Pentagon three months ago sent a 'lessons-learned team' of senior officers and non-commissioned officers to work with the IDF to see what could be learned from the Gaza operation, to include the measures they took to prevent civilian casualties and what they did with tunneling."https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-usa-gaza-idUSKBN0IQ2LH20141106 Israel tried to limit civilian casualties in Gaza: U.S. military chief 6 November 2014 Reuters Col. Richard Kemp told The Observer, "IDF has taken greater steps than any other army in the history of warfare to minimise harm to civilians in a combat zone"http://observer.com/2015/03/how-the-ap-botched-its-investigation-of-civilian-deaths-in-the-israel-hamas-war/ How the AP Botched Its Investigation of Civilian Deaths in the Israel-Hamas War 10 March 2015 The Observer Warnings prior to attacks In many cases the IDF warned civilians prior to targeting militants in highly populated areas in order to comply with international law.https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2014/07/22/self-defense-or-atrocties-in-gaza/israels-response-is-proportionate-to-hamass-threat Israel's Response Is Proportionate to Hamas's Threat The New York Times 23 July 2014https://www.jpost.com/opinion/op-ed-contributors/the-current-conflict-between-israel-and-hamas-shatters-myths-362327 The current conflict between Israel and Hamas shatters myths The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com 10 July 2014 http://www.jcpa.org/article/hamas-israel-confrontation-legal-points The Latest Hamas-Israel Confrontation – Some Pertinent Legal Points Jerusalem Center For Public Affairs Human rights organizations including Amnesty International,Israel/Gaza conflict: Questions and Answers https://www.amnesty.org/en/news/israelgaza-conflict-questions-and-answers-2014-07-25 Amnesty International 25 July 2014 22 November 2014 18 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141118000200/http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/israelgaza-conflict-questions-and-answers-2014-07-25 dead Withnall Adam Israel-Gaza conflict: Israeli 'knock on roof' missile warning revealed in remarkable video https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israelgaza-conflict-israeli-knock-on-roof-missile-warning-technique-revealed-in-stunning-video-9603179.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israelgaza-conflict-israeli-knock-on-roof-missile-warning-technique-revealed-in-stunning-video-9603179.html 1 May 2022 subscription live 28 July 2014 The Independent 13 July 2014 London confirmed that in many cases, Palestinians received warnings prior to evacuation, including flyers, phone calls and roof knocking. A report by Jaffa based NGO Physicians for Human Rights, released in January 2015, said that Israel's alert system had failed, and that the roof-knock system was ineffective.Elior Levy, 'One family, three dead, three maimed: 'Black Friday' in Gaza,' Ynet 24 January 2015. The IDF was criticized for not giving civilians enough time to evacuate.Sophia Jones Palestinians In Gaza Denounce Israel For Saying It Warns Civilians Before Strikes http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/07/23/israel-airstrike-warning_n_5614085.html Huffington Post 23 July 2014 In one case, the warning came less than one minute before the bombing.Rights organisation: Israel's targeting of civilians 'war crime' https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/europe/12799-rights-organisation-israels-targeting-of-civilians-war-crime Middle East Monitor 15 July 2014 25 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140826114112/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/europe/12799-rights-organisation-israels-targeting-of-civilians-war-crime 26 August 2014 dead Hamas has told civilians to return to their homes or stay put following Israeli warnings to leave.Thousands of Gaza civilians flee, ignoring Hamas advice to stay http://www.smh.com.au/world/thousands-of-gaza-civilians-flee-ignoring-hamas-advice-to-stay-20140714-zt6cs.html Sydney Morning Herald 1 August 2014 In many cases, Palestinians evacuated; in others, they have stayed in their homes. Israel condemned Hamas's encouragement of Palestinians to remain in their homes despite warnings in advance of airstrikes. Hamas stated that the warnings were a form of psychological warfare and that people would be equally or more unsafe in the rest of Gaza. Amnesty International said that "although the Israeli authorities claim to be warning civilians in Gaza, a consistent pattern has emerged that their actions do not constitute an "effective warning" under international humanitarian law." Human Rights Watch concurred. Many Gazans, when asked, told journalists that they remained in their houses simply because they had nowhere else to go.http://www.northernstar.com.au/news/hamas-using-human-shields-gazans-deny-claims/2325717/ Hamas using human shields? Gazans deny claims The Northern Star 22 July 2014 26 July 2014 OCHA's spokesman has said "there is literally no safe place for civilians" in Gaza.'No safe place for civilians' in Gaza, U.N. says, Reuters.com; accessed 28 July 2014. Roof knocking has been condemned as unlawful by Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch as well as the United Nations Fact Finding Mission in the 2008 war. Destruction of homes thumb|Ruins of a residential area in Beit Hanoun #Use of civilian structures for military purposes House demolition in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict Israel targeted many homes in this conflict. UNWRA official Robert Turner estimated that 7,000 homes were demolished and 89,000 were damaged, some 10,000 of them severely.'Warning on funds, UN doubles estimate of destroyed Gaza homes,' https://web.archive.org/web/20141219030433/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=748278 19 December 2014 Ma'an News Agency 28 December 2014. This has led to many members of the same family being killed. B'Tselem documented 59 incidents of bombing and shelling, in which 458 people were killed.Families bombed at home, Gaza, July–August 2014 (initial figures) http://www.btselem.org/gaza_strip/201407_families B'Tselem 11 August 2014 In some cases, Israel has stated that these homes were of suspected militants and were used for military purposes. The New York Times noted that the damage in this operation was higher than in the previous two wars and stated that 60,000 people had been left homeless as a result.https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/08/03/world/middleeast/assessing-the-damage-and-destruction-in-gaza.html Assessing the Damage and Destruction in Gaza The New York Times Jeremy Ashkenas Archie Tse 3 August 2014 The destruction of homes has been condemned by B'Tselem, Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International as unlawful, amounting to collective punishment and war crimes. Israel destroyed the homes of two suspects in the case of the abduction and killing of the three teenagers. The house demolition has been condemned by B'Tselem as unlawful.Demolishing homes of suspects in abduction and killing of the three yeshiva students harms innocents. House demolition policy fundamentally unacceptable and unproven to be effective http://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20140818_house_demolitions B'Tselem 18 August 2014November 2019 Palestinians returning to their homes during the ceasefire reported that IDF soldiers had trashed their homes, destroyed home electronics such as TV sets, spread feces in their homes, and carved slogans such as "Burn Gaza down" and "Good Arab = dead Arab" in walls and furniture. The IDF did not respond to a request by The Guardian for comment.Harriet Sherwood https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/07/palestinians-return-home-israeli-troops-faeces-graffiti Palestinians returning home find Israeli troops left faeces and venomous graffiti The Guardian 7 August 2014 12 August 2014 On 5 November 2014, Amnesty International published a report examining eight cases where the IDF targeted homes, resulting in the deaths of 111 people, of whom 104 were civilians. Barred from access to Gaza by Israel since 2012, it conducted its research remotely, supported by two contracted Gaza-based fieldworkers who conducted multiple visits of each site to interview survivors, and consulted with military experts to evaluate photographic and video material. It concludes, in every case, that "there was a failure to take necessary precautions to avoid excessive harm to civilians and civilian property, as required by international humanitarian law" and "no prior warning was given to the civilian residents to allow them to escape." As Israel did not disclose any information regarding the incidents, the report said it was not possible for Amnesty International to be certain of what Israel was targeting; it also said that if there were no valid military objectives, international humanitarian law may have been violated, as attacks directed at civilians and civilian objects, or attacks which are otherwise disproportionate relative to the anticipated military advantage of carrying them out, constitute war crimes.Families under the Rubble: Israeli Attacks on Inhabited Homes https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde15/032/2014/en/ Amnesty International 5 November 2014 10 November 2014 Rudoren Jodi Amnesty International Says Israel Showed 'Callous Indifference' in Gaza https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/05/world/middleeast/amnesty-international-says-israel-showed-callous-indifference-to-gaza-civilians.html?_r=0 The New York Times 14 November 2014 4 November 2014 The report was dismissed by the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs as "narrow", "decontextualized", and disattentive of alleged war crimes perpetrated by Hamas. Amnesty, it asserted, was serving as "a propaganda tool for Hamas and other terror groups."Smith Amelia Mosendz Polly 5 November 2014 Amnesty Accuses Israel of War Crimes in Damning Report on Gaza Conflict http://www.newsweek.com/amnesty-accuses-israel-war-crimes-damning-report-gaza-conflict-282475 Newsweek 17 December 2014Response to Amnesty Report on Gaza Conflict http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/PressRoom/2014/Pages/Response-to-Amnesty-report-on-Gaza-conflict-5-Nov-2014.aspx Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs 13 November 2014 Anne Herzberg, legal adviser for NGO Monitor, questioned the accuracy of the UN numbers used in the report, saying that they "essentially come from Hamas."Amnesty slams Israel for 'callous indifference' to civilian casualties in Gaza https://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Amnesty-slams-Israel-for-callous-indifference-to-civilian-casualties-in-Gaza-380797 The Jerusalem Post 5 November 2014 13 November 2014 Shelling of UNRWA schools 2014 Israeli shelling of UNRWA Gaza shelters Infrastructure On 23 July, twelve human rights organizations in Israel released a letter to the Israeli government warning that "Gaza Strip's civilian infrastructure is collapsing".Ward Olivia Ban Ki-moon condemns shelling of UN-run school in Gaza https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2014/07/24/ban_kimoon_condemns_shelling_of_unrun_school_in_gaza.html Toronto Star 24 July 2014Gisha Severe Electricity and Water Shortages in the Gaza Strip http://gisha.org/UserFiles/File/publications/letters/letter-en-23-7-14.pdf 31 July 2014 11 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140811064332/http://gisha.org/UserFiles/File/publications/letters/letter-en-23-7-14.pdf dead They wrote that "due to Israel's ongoing control over significant aspects of life in Gaza, Israel has a legal obligation to ensure that the humanitarian needs of the people of Gaza are met and that they have access to adequate supplies of water and electricity." They note that many water and electricity systems were damaged during the conflict, which has led to a "pending humanitarian and environmental catastrophe". The Sydney Morning Herald reported that "almost every piece of critical infrastructure, from electricity to water to sewage, has been seriously compromised by either direct hits from Israeli air strikes and shelling or collateral damage."Pollard Ruth Gaza ceasefire gives pause to assess destruction http://www.smh.com.au/world/gaza-ceasefire-gives-pause-to-assess-destruction-20140806-100ubq.html#ixzz39lGgu1Ch 8 August 2014 Sydney Morning Herald 6 August 2014 thumb|The only power plant of Gaza after it was attacked by the Israeli army on July 14, 2014 Between five and eight of the 10 power lines that bring electricity from Israel were disabled, at least three by Hamas rocket fire.http://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/electricity-knocked-out-in-gaza-thanks-to-hamas/2014/07/13 Electricity Knocked Out in Gaza (Thanks to Hamas) Shalom Bear The Jewish Press 13 July 2014 https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/For-second-in-time-in-days-Gazan-rocket-hits-electricity-line-to-Gaza-362925 For second in time in days, Gazan rocket hits electricity line to Gaza The Jerusalem Post – JPost.com 15 July 2014 http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/Flash.aspx/298519#.VZ4ZuxOqoqY Another Power Line in Gaza Damaged – Latest News Briefs – Arutz Sheva Arutz Sheva 15 July 2014 On 29 July, Israel was reported to bomb Gaza's only power plant,Greenblatt Alan Bombing Ruins Gaza's Only Power Plant https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/07/29/336386340/israeli-bombing-destroys-gazas-only-power-plant 8 July 2015 National Public Radio 29 July 2014 which was estimated to take a year to repair. Amnesty International said the crippling of the power station amounted to "collective punishment of Palestinians".Sherwood Harriet Gaza's only power plant destroyed in Israel's most intense air strike yet https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/29/gaza-power-plant-destroyed-israeli-airstrike-100-palestinians-dead The Guardian 30 July 2014Black Ian Israel is finding it harder to deny targeting Gaza infrastructure https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/29/israel-gaza-infrastructure-blackouts-idf-civilian 31 July 2014 The Guardian 29 July 2014 Human Rights Watch has stated that "[d]amaging or destroying a power plant, even if it also served a military purpose, would be an unlawful disproportionate attack under the laws of war".Gaza: Widespread Impact of Power Plant Attack https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/08/10/gaza-widespread-impact-power-plant-attack Human Rights Watch 10 August 2014 Israel immediately denied damaging the power plant, stating there was "no indication that [IDF] were involved in the strike ... The area surrounding the plant was also not struck in recent days."Vause John Sanchez Ray http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/01/world/meast/gaza-life/ Life in Gaza: Misery heightened by war CNN 4 August 2014 18 October 2014 Contradicting initial reports that it would take a year to repair, the power plant resumed operation on 27 October.http://www.trust.org/item/20141027140556-cp35b Gaza power plant resumes operations, director says 22 November 2014 29 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141129072212/http://www.trust.org/item/20141027140556-cp35b dead https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/14127-gazas-only-power-plant-ready-to-work-pending-fuel-supply Gaza's only power plant ready to work pending fuel supply Middle East Monitor 20 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141026154649/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/14127-gazas-only-power-plant-ready-to-work-pending-fuel-supply 26 October 2014 dead Attacks on journalists 17 journalists were killed in the conflict,17 Journalists Killed in Gaza Since Beginning of Israeli Aggression 26 August 2014 http://www.imemc.org/article/68964 IMEMC of which five were off-duty and two (from Associated Press) were covering a bomb disposal team's efforts to defuse an unexploded Israeli artillery shell when it exploded.AP journalist, others killed in Gaza by leftover ordinance http://www.cbsnews.com/news/ap-journalist-others-killed-in-gaza-by-leftover-ordinance/ CBS News 13 August 2014Omer Mohammed Hatuqa Dalia Palestinians decry Gaza journalist killings http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/08/palestinians-gaza-journalist-killings-israel-20148510714681202.html Al Jazeera 5 August 2014 In several cases, the journalists were killed while having markings distinguishing them as press on their vehicles or clothing.Fung Katherine Journalist Rami Rayan Killed in Gaza Attack (GRAPHIC) http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/07/30/rami-rayan-killed-dead-gaza-attack_n_5634548.html The Huffington Post 30 July 2014Israel bombs Gaza radio station, injuring journalists http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=713640 Ma'an News 30 July 2014 24 August 2014 3 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140803003137/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=713640 dead IDF stated that in one case it had precise information that a vehicle marked "TV" that was hit killing one alleged journalist was in military use.http://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/09/12/idf-conducts-fact-finding-assessment-following-operation-protective-edge IDF Conducts Fact-Finding Assessment following Operation Protective Edge 30 September 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141006115205/http://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/09/12/idf-conducts-fact-finding-assessment-following-operation-protective-edge/ 6 October 2014http://www.yourjewishnews.com/2014/09/14-n34387.html Hamas caught using TV vehicles to transport missiles and shooting them at Israeli civilians 30 September 2014 Several media outlets, including the offices of Al-Jazeera, were hit. The International Federation of Journalists has condemned the attacks as "appalling murders and attacks".Israeli Forces Must Be Held accountable for Attacks on Journalists in Gaza, says IFJ http://www.ifj.org/nc/news-single-view/backpid/1/article/israeli-forces-must-be-held-accountable-for-attacks-on-journalists-in-gaza-says-ifj International Federation of Journalists 25 July 2014 Journalists are considered civilians and should not be targeted under international humanitarian law.Briefing Note IV: Unlawful Targeting of Journalists and Media Buildings http://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/topics/gaza/841-briefing-note-iv-unlawful-targeting-of-journalists-and-media-buildings Al-Haq 9 August 2014 The Israeli army said it does not target journalists, and that it contacts news media "in order to advise them which areas to avoid during the conflict". Israel has made foreign journalists sign a waiver stating that it is not responsible for their safety in Gaza, which Reporters Without Borders calls contrary to international law.Israel warns foreign journalists covering Gaza fighting https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-journalists-idUSKBN0FO0YG20140719 Reuters 19 July 2014Journalists' lives on the line in Gaza conflict http://en.rsf.org/palestine-journalists-lives-on-the-line-in-22-07-2014,46677.html Reporters Without Borders 22 July 2014 1 August 2014 29 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140729203930/http://en.rsf.org/palestine-journalists-lives-on-the-line-in-22-07-2014,46677.html dead http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/node/23028 Journalists 'should challenge' Gaza waiver Press Gazette 24 July 2014 3 August 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140812134114/http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/node/23028 12 August 2014 The Director-General of UNESCO, Irina Bokova, who in August 2014 condemned the killing of Al Aqsa TV journalist Abdullah Murtaja, withdrew her comments after it was revealed that Murtaja was also a combatant in Hamas's Al Qassam Brigade, and said she "deplore[d] attempts to instrumentalize the profession of journalists by combatants"http://www.unesco.org/new/en/media-services/single-view/news/unesco_director_general_statement_regarding_abdullah_murtaja/#.VGi97DTF_zk UNESCO Director-General Statement regarding Abdullah Murtaja United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 23 November 2014https://www.camera.org/article/unesco-corrects-hamas-man-not-a-journalist/ UNESCO Corrects: Hamas Man Not a Journalist ITIC published a report analyzing a list of 17 names published by Wafa News Agency based on information originating from Hamas-controlled Gaza office of the ministry of information that supposedly belong to journalists killed in the operation. The report says that 8 of the names belong to Hamas or Islamic Jihad operatives, or employees of the Hamas media.Half of names of Gaza journalist casualties are terror operatives, or members of Hamas media https://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Half-of-names-of-Gaza-journalist-casualties-are-terror-operatives-or-members-of-Hamas-media-390871 JPost 14 February 2015http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/Data/articles/Art_20771/E_013_15_299752333.pdf Examination of the Names of 17 Journalists and Media Personnel Whom the Palestinians Claim Were Killed in Operation Protective Edge terrorism-info.org.il Israel bombed Hamas's Al-Aqsa radio and TV stations because of their "propaganda dissemination capabilities used to broadcast the messages of (Hamas's) military wing."Israeli airstrikes target Palestinian TV station in Gaza http://www.maannews.net/eng/viewdetails.aspx?id=716837 Maan News 30 July 2014 1 August 2014 3 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140803153552/http://www.maannews.net/eng/viewdetails.aspx?id=716837 dead Reporters Without Borders and Al-Haq condemned the attacks, saying "an expert committee formed by the International Criminal Court's prosecutor for the former Yugoslavia, to assess the NATO bombing campaign of 1999, specified that a journalist or media organization is not a legitimate target merely because it broadcasts or disseminates propaganda."Palestinian journalists under fire http://en.rsf.org/palestine-palestinian-journalists-under-fire-29-07-2014,46716.html Reporters Without Borders 1 August 2014 4 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140804025551/http://en.rsf.org/palestine-palestinian-journalists-under-fire-29-07-2014,46716.html dead The U.S. government classifies Al-Aqsa TV as being controlled by Hamas, a "Specially Designated Global Terrorist," and states that it "will not distinguish between a business financed and controlled by a terrorist group, such as Al-Aqsa Television, and the terrorist group itself."http://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/tg594.aspx Treasury Designates Gaza-Based Business, Television Station for Hamas Ties 30 September 2014Gaza bank, TV station see U.S. sanctions, cnn.com, 19 March 2010.US sanctions Hamas bank, TV station in Gaza 18 March 2010 http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2010/03/18/103433.htmlAugust 2014 See Talk:2014 Israel–Gaza conflict#Classification of Al-Aqsa Human shields The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay accused Israel of having "defied international law by attacking civilian areas of Gaza such as schools, hospitals, homes and U.N. facilities. "None of this appears to me to be accidental," Pillay said. "They appear to be defying – deliberate defiance of – obligations that international law imposes on Israel."" The Jaffa based NGO Physicians for Human Rights stated in a report in January 2015 that the IDF had used human shields during the war. IDF criticized the report's conclusions and methodology which "cast a heavy shadow over its content and credibility".Gili Cohen, 'NGO accuses IDF of gross abuses during Gaza war,' Haaretz 21 January 2015. Defense for Children International-Palestine reported that 17-year-old Ahmad Abu Raida was kidnapped by Israeli soldiers who, after beating him up, used him as a human shield for five days, forcing him to walk in front of them with police dogs at gunpoint, search houses and dig in places soldiers suspected there might be tunnels.Palestinian teen: I was used as a human shield in Gaza, 972mag.com; retrieved 22 August 2014.Israeli forces use Palestinian child as human shield in Gaza, Defence for Children International Palestine. Retrieved 22 August 2014. Several of the key claims could not be verified because his Hamas-employed father said he forgot to take photographs of the alleged abuse marks and discarded all the clothing IDF soldiers supposedly provided Abu Raida when he was freed.Fares Akram & Judi Rudoren,"Teenager Cites Ordeal as Captive of Israelis", nytimes.com; 24 August 2014. The IDF confirmed that the troops suspected Ahmad of being a militant based on the affiliation of his father (a senior official in Gaza's Tourism Ministry) with Hamas and so detained him during the ground operation. The IDF and Israeli authorities challenged the credibility of DCI-P noting their "scant regard for truth". The IDF Military Advocate General opened criminal investigation into the event. Military operations, weaponry and techniques Gaza thumb|Range of rockets launched from Gaza Strip thumb|Palestinian militants with rockets Rockets The Gazan militants used different kinds of rockets, including the Syrian-made (Chinese-designed) M-302"Syrian made M302." The Jerusalem Post. Accessed 12 August 2014. and the locally made M-75, which had the range to hit Tel-Aviv."Hamas firing chia designed rockets." NBC News. Accessed 12 August 2014."M75 strikes Tel Aviv https://web.archive.org/web/20141006074351/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=714851 6 October 2014 ." Maan News Accessed 12 August 2014."Hamas produces rockets as fighting winds down." The Guardian. 13 August 2014. Other rockets include the Soviet Katyushas and Qassams."Hamas Rocket Arsenal." Business Insider. July 2014. The Israeli Defense Force reported that at the beginning of the 2014 conflict, Hamas had close to 6,000 rockets in its possession. This included 1,000 self-produced short range rockets (15–20 km range), 2,500 smuggled short range rockets, 200 self-made Grad rockets, and 200 smuggled Grad rockets. In addition, to these short range rockets, Hamas held an assortment of mid and long range rockets, both self-made and smuggled, that totaled over several thousand.https://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/07/10/6-million-lives-in-danger-the-deadly-rocket-arsenal-of-hamas/ Special Report: The Deadly Rocket Arsenal of Hamas July 10, 2014 Israel Defense Forces Blog dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140713000452/https://www.idfblog.com/blog/2014/07/10/6-million-lives-in-danger-the-deadly-rocket-arsenal-of-hamas/ 13 July 2014 According to the Fars News Agency, Fajr-5 (long range Iranian) rockets had a warhead of 150–200 kg.Iran supplied Hamas with Fajr-5 missile technology, Saeed Kamali Dehghan, The Guardian, 21 November 2012 According to Theodore Postol, the vast majority of Gazan artillery rocket warheads contained 10- to 20-pound explosive loads. Postol stated that this fact made bomb shelters more effective for protection. Mark Perry stated that the "vast majority of the rockets are unsophisticated Qassams, with a 10–20 kg warhead and no guidance system" and that "Hamas' arsenal is considerably weaker today than it was in 2012". Regarding the Fajr-5, he stated that Iran had not transferred full-fledged rockets to Hamas, it has only transferred technology to manufacture them. He also stated that "its guidance system was crude, at best, and its warhead nearly non-existent."Mark Perry Gaza's Bottle Rockets http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/141698/mark-perry/gazas-bottle-rockets Foreign Affairs 3 August 2014 The UNHRC, quoting Amnesty International, stated that armed groups in Gaza have used BM-21 Grad rockets with ranges varying from 20 km to 48 km, in addition to locally produced rockets reaching as far as 80 km, such as the M-75 and J-80. The majority of the rockets had no guidance system. Mortars having a range of up to 8 km, have been actively used along the Green Line. Other weapons included rocket-propelled grenades, home-made drones, SA 7 Grail anti-aircraft missiles, Kornet 9M133 anti-tank guided missiles, and a wide array of small arms, rifles, machine guns and hand grenades.The United Nations Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/CoIGaza/A_HRC_CRP_4.doc United Nations 24 June 2015 According to the IDF, of all the 4,564 projectiles fired at Israel, 224 hit built-up areas, 735 were intercepted by the Iron Dome, 875 fell inside GazaWilliam Booth, Here's what really happened in the Gaza war (according to the Israelis) The Washington Post 3 September 2014 and the rest fell in open territory or failed to launch.Hartman Ben 50 days of Israel's Gaza operation, Protective Edge – by the numbers https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/50-days-of-Israels-Gaza-operation-Protective-Edge-by-the-numbers-372574 28 August 2014 The Jerusalem Post According to OCHA, Palestinian militants fired 4,844 rockets and 1,734 mortar shells towards Israel.Humanitarian Bulletin Monthly Report, June–August 2014, https://web.archive.org/web/20141021035311/http://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_the_humanitarian_monitor_2014_10_03_english.pdf 21 October 2014 OCHA 30 September 2014. 25% of Gazan rockets had sufficient effectiveness to threaten to reach populated areas.Alon Ben David,'Iron Dome Blunts 90% Of Enemy Rockets,'March 2016Aviation Week 1 September 2014. medicMarch 2016 Gazan tunnels Gaza Strip smuggling tunnels Tunnel warfare Palestinian tunnel warfare in the Gaza Strip Other weaponry Hamas has also used a "crude, tactical" drone, reported to be Iranian-made and named "Ababil-1".Smith Alexander Hamas' Drone Program Will Not Worry Israel, Experts Say http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/middle-east-unrest/hamas-drone-program-will-not-worry-israel-experts-say-n155341 NBC News 15 July 2014 Palestinian militant groups have also used anti-tank rockets against armoured vehicles, as well as against groups of Israeli soldiers. Some armored personnel carriers were hit by missiles,Perry Mark Why Israel's bombardment of Gaza neighborhood left US officers 'stunned' http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/8/26/israel-bombing-stunsusofficers.html 28 August 2014 Al Jazeera 27 August 2014IDF releases details on Shejaiya battle in which 7 soldiers died https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-releases-details-on-shejaiya-battle-in-which-7-soldiers-died/ The Times of Israel 20 July 2014 and the Israeli Trophy system reportedly intercepted at least 15 anti-tank missiles shot at Merkava IV tanks.http://news.walla.co.il/?w=/2689/2770561 מבצע "צוק איתן" – כיפת הברזל של הטנקים פועלת בעזה: "התקפית" וואלה! חדשות 30 July 2014 25 September 2014 Anti-tank mines had also been used against armored vehicles. Israel thumb|IDF Artillery Corps fires a 155 mm M109 howitzer, 24 July 2014. Israel used air, land and naval weaponry. The artillery includes Soltam M71 guns and US-manufactured Paladin M109s (155-mm howitzers). The aerial weaponry includes drones and F-16 fighter jets. Drones are used to constantly monitor the Gaza strip.Israeli Drones Buzz Over Ghost Towns of Gaza, Alex Marquardt, ABC News, 18 July 2014Gaza's Tunnels, Now Used to Attack Israel, Began as Economic Lifelines, James Verini, National Geographic, 21 July 2014 The IDF fired 14,500 tank shells and 35,000 other artillery shells during the conflict. The IDF stated that it attacked 5,263 targets in Gaza, including:http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/Data/articles/Art_20709/E_154_14_403606512.pdf News of Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict ITIC 1,814 rocket and mortar launch or otherwise related sites 191 weapon factories and warehouses 1,914 command and control centers 237 government institutions supporting the militant activity hundreds of military outposts inside buildings According to OCHA figures, Israel fired 5,830 missiles in 4,028 IAF air raids, the IDF's ground forces shot off 16,507 artillery and tank projectiles, and the Israeli navy's off-shore fleet fired 3,494 naval shells, into the Gaza Strip. Overall, Israel fired 34,000 unguided shells into Gaza. Of these 19,000 were high-explosive artillery shells, marking a 533% rise in the launching of artillery ordnance compared to Operation Cast Lead. Shelling of civilian areas with 155 mm on on shells using Doher howitzers, with a kill radius of 150 yd, also increased.Charlie Hoyle, 'Israel shelling in Gaza war unprecedented despite inaccuracy,' Ma'an News Agency 4 April 2015.Robert Perkins, 'Under Fire:Israel's artillery policies scrutinised,' https://web.archive.org/web/20251113214920/https://aoav.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/AOAV-Under-Fire-Israels-artillery-policies-scrutinised.pdf 13 November 2025 Action on Armed Violence December 2014.pp.10–14. According to Palestinian authorities, 8,000 bombs and 70,000 artillery shells, or 20,000 tons of explosives (the equivalent of two low-yield tactical nuclear weapons), had been dropped on Gaza.http://www.maannews.com/Content.aspx?ID=722484 Police: Israel dropped Maan News Agency 6 January 2019The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for Gaza http://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/national-early-recovery-and-reconstruction-plan-gaza 3 August 2015 Government of State of Palestine 1 October 2014Miller Jonathan Gaza: wife and infant son of Hamas commander killed http://blogs.channel4.com/miller-on-foreign-affairs/gaza-wife-infant-son-hamas-commander-killed-strikes/1221 28 August 2014 Channel 4 News 20 August 2014Gaza bombed with 20,000 tons of explosives http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/Details.aspx?nid=68571 28 August 2014 Ministry of Interior, Palestinian National Authority 22 August 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140903032637/http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/Details.aspx?nid=68571 3 September 2014 The Sydney Morning Herald quoted an anonymous expert who estimated that 10,000 tonnes of explosives were dropped from the air alone, which does not include tank and artillery shells.Pollard Ruth Gaza team defuses live bombs and shells without protective suits http://www.smh.com.au/world/gaza-team-defuses-live-bombs-and-shells-without-protective-suits-20140808-101qme.html 1 September 2014 Sydney Morning Herald 8 August 2014 Between 32 and 34 known tunnels were destroyed or neutralized, 13 of them destroyed completely. The performance of the Iron Dome defense system was considered effective, achieving an almost 90% success rate.Iron Dome Blunts 90% Of Enemy Rockets https://web.archive.org/web/20140903144421/http://aviationweek.com/defense/iron-dome-blunts-90-enemy-rockets 3 September 2014 – Aviationweek.com, 1 September 2014 Israel's early warning sirens and extensive shelters have been an effective defense against Gazan rocketry.Theodore Postol, Explanation of the Evidence of Weaknesses in the Iron Dome Defense System, MIT Technology Review, 15 July 2014 They are less effective against short-range mortars because the residents have less time to react.http://www.timesunion.com/news/article/Attacks-on-Gaza-spurs-exodus-5711962.php Gaza attacks trigger Israeli exodus at border Times Union 26 August 2014 Media and diplomacy Media coverage Media coverage of the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict Portrayals of the conflict in different media outlets varied. U.S. news sources were often more sympathetic to Israel while British news sources featured more criticism of Israel.Gaza war seen rather differently in US, UK newspapers The Times of Israel https://www.timesofisrael.com/gaza-war-seen-rather-differently-in-us-uk-newspapers 11 July 2014 13 July 2014 Zion Ilan Ben Commentators on both sides claimed that the media was biased either for or against Israel.US media coverage of Gaza is deeply flawed, both sides in conflict say The Christian Science Monitor Goodale Gloria 15 July 2014 15 July 2014 https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Society/2014/0715/US-media-coverage-of-Gaza-is-deeply-flawed-both-sides-in-conflict-say According to an article by Subrata Ghoshroy published in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, most United States media focused on Hamas rockets, of which only 3% actually strike populated areas (causing little damage), with less attention paid to Palestinian casualties, or to why Gazans back Hamas's rocket campaign.Subrata Ghoshroy, 'Israel's Iron Dome: a misplaced debate'June 2018 Triggerhippie4 yes , Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 29 July 2014. As the conflict progressed and Palestinian deaths increased, British media became somewhat more critical of Israel.As Gaza deaths mount, press grows critical of Israel The Times of Israel https://www.timesofisrael.com/as-gaza-death-tolls-climbs-press-increasingly-critical-of-israel 13 July 2014 13 July 2014 Ahren Raphael Within Israel, the newspaper Haaretz issued an editorial stating that the "soft Gaza sand... could turn into quicksand" for the Israeli military and also warned about the "wholesale killing" of Palestinian civilians; the article declared: "There can be no victory here".21 July 2014 Israeli Mood Turns Dark With Mounting Casualties https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/israeli-mood-turns-dark-mounting-casualties-24652707 22 July 2014 ABC News The Sydney Morning Herald apologised for running an allegedly antisemitic cartoon after Australian Attorney-General George Brandis denounced it as "deplorable." Israel was accused of waging a propaganda war,18 July 2014 Israeli propaganda war hits social media http://www.smh.com.au/it-pro/government-it/israeli-propaganda-war-hits-social-media-20140717-ztvky.html The Sydney Morning Herald and on both sides, sympathetic authors released video games relating to the conflict.Gaza-Israel video games cause controversy https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-28657324 9 August 2014 BBC News 5 August 2014 In Israel, according to Naomi Chazan, the Gaza war sparked "an equally momentous conflagration at the heart of Israeli society": attempts to question government policy were met with severe verbal and physical harassment, incidents of Arab-bashing occurred daily, and 90% of internet posts on the war were found to be racist or to constitute incitement.Naomi Chazan, 'Israel's other war: Moral attrition', The Times of Israel, 25 August 2014. Diplomatic efforts A number of diplomatic efforts were made to resolve the conflict. These attempts included efforts by United States Secretary of State John Kerry to broker a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, like the meeting in Paris with European G4 foreign ministers and his counterparts of Qatar and Turkey.http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/paris-meetings-press-long-term-gaza-truce-313308926 FMs in Paris call for extending 12-hour Gaza truce Middle East Eye 26 July 2014 12 August 2014The New York Times. 5 August 2014. Egypt brokered a number of ceasefires between Hamas and Israel.https://ottawacitizen.com/news/Israeli+airstrike+kills+militant+leader+Gaza+Strip+ground+campaign/10088097/story.html Israeli airstrike kills militant leader Gaza Strip ground campaign https://web.archive.org/web/20140806010808/http://www.ottawacitizen.com/news/Israeli%2Bairstrike%2Bkills%2Bmilitant%2Bleader%2BGaza%2BStrip%2Bground%2Bcampaign/10088097/story.html 6 August 2014 3 August 2014 Ottawa Citizenhttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/08/04/israel-palestinians-ceasefire_n_5648917.html Israel Palestinians Accept Ceasefire Huffington Post 4 August 2014https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/07/14/331411652/reports-israel-may-accept-ceasefire-proposal-from-egypt Reports Israel May Accept Ceasefire Proposal From Egypt NPR 14 July 2014http://www.dubaieye1038.com/uae-backs-egypt-brokered-ceasefire-on-gaza-conflict/ UAE backs Egypt brokered ceasefire on Gaza conflict Dubai Eye 24 July 2014 5 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140808052549/http://www.dubaieye1038.com/uae-backs-egypt-brokered-ceasefire-on-gaza-conflict/ 8 August 2014 dead thumb| U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry and Benjamin Netanyahu, Tel Aviv, 23 July 2014. Israeli public diplomacy Israeli public diplomacy Hamas is ISIS "Hamas is ISIS" was first asserted by Benjamin Netanyahu near the end of the 2014 Gaza War.Derfner Larry Larry Derfner 24 August 2014 No, Hamas isn't ISIS, ISIS isn't Hamas https://www.972mag.com/no-hamas-isnt-isis-isis-isnt-hamas/ 9 October 2024 +972 Magazine ...if anybody accuses me of defending Hamas in what I'm about to write, I accuse them in turn of supporting the war in Gaza because they enjoy seeing Palestinian children killed. One claim is as fair as the other. The comparison was criticized and mocked by some Israeli journalists.Reider Dimi 21 August 2014 Netanyahu tweets Foley execution shot to score points against Hamas https://www.972mag.com/netanyahu-tweets-foley-execution-video-to-score-points-against-hamas/ 20 November 2024 +972 Magazine en-US Netanyahu was particularly criticised for including real ISIS propaganda in his social media posts promoting the "Hamas is ISIS" analogy, including photos of James Foley from an ISIS beheading video.https://www.france24.com/en/mediawatch/20140822-isis-netanyahu-james-foley MediaWatch - Netanyahu deletes tweet featuring photo of James Foley 22 August 2014 https://www.middleeasteye.net/live-update/netanyahus-twitter-account-deletes-controversial-james-foley-tweet Netanyahu's Twitter account deletes controversial James Foley tweet Neyanyahu followed this by saying, "Hamas is ISIS and ISIS is Hamas", in a 2014 speech at the United Nations.https://al-shabaka.org/briefs/why-its-dangerous-to-conflate-hamas-and-daesh/ Why It's Dangerous to Conflate Hamas and Daesh 22 February 2016Belal Shobaki https://al-shabaka.org/authors/belal-shobaki/ 20 November 2024 Al-Shabaka en-US In reference to this, the head of the Department of Political Science at Hebron University, said it was "dangerous" to conflate Hamas and ISIS. Israeli journalists pointed out that Hamas more closely resemble the Irgun and LehiB. Michael 2 May 2016 Hamas and the Irgun? How Dare I Compare the Two... https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/2016-05-02/ty-article/.premium/hamas-and-the-irgun-how-dare-i-compare-the-two/0000017f-f73b-d318-afff-f77bf9ca0000 Haaretz more closely than Hamas resemble ISIS. Netanyahu resurrected this slogan a decade later. In the first days of the Israeli bombing of the Gaza Strip in October 2023, The Jerusalem Post quoted Benjamin Netanyahu saying, "They are savages. Hamas is ISIS", the article then highlighted some alleged similarities in the groups' influences identified by Dr. Harel Chorev (from the Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Tel Aviv University). 10 October 2023 'Hamas is ISIS': Here's how we know https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/article-767627 20 November 2024 The Jerusalem Post en Netanyahu included this assertion in a public addresses in the United States made alongside Secretary Antony J. Blinken, in the first week of the Israeli bombing of the Gaza Strip. Secretary Antony J. Blinken and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu After Their Meeting https://www.state.gov/secretary-antony-j-blinken-and-israeli-prime-minister-benjamin-netanyahu-after-their-meeting-2/ 20 November 2024 United States Department of State en Netanyahu said, "Hamas is ISIS, and just as ISIS was crushed, so too will Hamas be crushed". Then in 2024, Netanyahu was using the spurious analogy to suggest that a global coalition resembling the War against the Islamic State. In Israel, Macron proposes using anti-ISIS coalition against Hamas https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/24/israel-hamas-gaza-war-airstrikes/ 9 December 2024 www.washingtonpost.com The Washington Post 15 May 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240515002605/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/24/israel-hamas-gaza-war-airstrikes/ 15 May 2024 International military experts and mainstream international media pointed out major differences, particularly relating to nationalism, Shia Islam, Christianity, democracy, and destruction of cultural heritage. Dino Krause The importance of understanding the differences between Hamas, IS and al-Qaeda https://www.diis.dk/en/research/the-importance-of-understanding-the-differences-between-hamas-is-and-al-qaeda www.diis.dk Danish Institute for International Studies 27 October 2023 Christopher Anzalone December 2023 Excommunicating Hamas Why Differences between Globalist and Nationalist Armed Islamist Groups Matter https://www.usmcu.edu/Outreach/Marine-Corps-University-Press/MES-Publications/MES-Insights/Excommunicating-Hamas/ MES Insights www.usmcu.edu Marine Corps University - Middle East Studies 14 6 2831-2872 25 November 202429 November 2023 Israel likens Hamas to the Islamic State group. But the comparison misses the mark in key ways https://apnews.com/article/israel-hamas-gaza-war-islamic-state-group-29e59446a42d077323a3a216127c4978 2024-11-20 AP News enMarks Monica 2023-10-30 Hamas Is Not ISIS. Here's Why That Matters https://time.com/6329776/hamas-isis-gaza/ 20 November 2024 TIME enhttps://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/11/21/hamas-isis-are-not-the-same-00128107 Hamas is Not ISIS — and the Comparison Itself is Counterproductive Politico 21 November 2023 ISIS want a purely theocratic system of government without any element of democracy, and ISIS violently attack Christians, whereas Hamas participated in the 2006 Palestinian legislative election and the Hamas-led electoral list that won the election included a Palestinian Christian running for the Christian reserved seat in Gaza City.Christian candidate on Hamas ticket https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2006/1/25/christian-candidate-on-hamas-ticket 20 November 2024 Al Jazeera en24 January 2006 Hamas boosts image by backing Christian candidate https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/hamas-boosts-image-by-backing-christian-candidate 20 November 2024 The Jerusalem Post en Talal Abu Zarifa, a leader from the DFLP (a secular faction allied to Hamas), said Israel was using the comparison to "justify its annihilation of Palestinian people and bloodshed".Israel likens Hamas to Daesh/ISIS to justify its crimes: Left-wing Palestinian leader https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/israel-likens-hamas-to-daesh-isis-to-justify-its-crimes-left-wing-palestinian-leader/3032556 20 November 2024 Anadolu Agencyy Consensus is that Anadolu Agency is unreliable in this subject area; see WP:AAPOLITICS. April 2025 A few commentators pointed out some commonalities, such as that both are on the list of designated terrorist groups in the United States,Williams Brian Glyn 14 December 2023 Is Hamas the same as ISIS, the Islamic State group? No − and yes https://theconversation.com/is-hamas-the-same-as-isis-the-islamic-state-group-no-and-yes-219454 20 November 2024 The Conversation en-US and United Kingdom,#HamasisISIS?: Assessing the campaign comparing proscribed groups https://www.isdglobal.org/digital_dispatches/hamasisisis-assessing-the-campaign-comparing-proscribed-groups/ 20 November 2024 ISD en-GB but still stressed the groups' very different ideological goals. Only a few pro-government Israeli sources agreed that Hamas and ISIS are comparable.Zinman Dr Galit Truman 31 October 2023 Hamas Is ISIS https://besacenter.org/is-hamas-equal-to-isis/ 20 November 2024 Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies en-US Efforts to reconstruct Gaza An international conference took place on 12 October 2014 in Cairo, where donors pledged US$5.4 billion to the Palestinians with half of that sum being "dedicated" to the reconstruction of Gaza, which was more than the US$4 billion Abbas first sought.http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/10/12/pledge-gaza-israel.html $5.4 billion pledged to rebuild Gaza Al Jazeera America 12 October 2014 Japan pledged US$100 million in January 2015.https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/48-asia/16481-japan-pledges-100m-to-rebuild-gaza Japan pledges $100m to rebuild Gaza Middle East Monitor 21 January 2015 16 February 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150217024119/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/48-asia/16481-japan-pledges-100m-to-rebuild-gaza 17 February 2015 dead The EU pledged €450 million to rebuilding Gaza.https://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/German-MEP-EU-aid-could-fund-Hamas-terror-tunnels-381546 German MEP: EU aid could fund Hamas terror tunnels The Jerusalem Post – JPost.com 12 November 2014 As of 1 February 2015, only US$125 million of the $2.7 billion for reconstruction had been paid out, while tens of thousands of Gazans were still homeless. In February 2015, 30 international aid organizations including UNRWA, the World Health Organization as well as NGOs such as Oxfam, ActionAid and Save the Children International released a statement saying that: "we are alarmed by the limited progress in rebuilding the lives of those affected and tackling the root causes of the conflict." They stated that "Israel, as the occupying power, is the main duty bearer and must comply with its obligations under international law. In particular, it must fully lift the blockade within the framework of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1860 (2009)".http://www.ipsnews.net/2015/03/gaza-reconstruction-hampered-by-israeli-blockade-may-take-100-years-say-aid-agencies/ Gaza Reconstruction, Hampered by Israeli Blockade, May Take 100 Years, Say Aid Agencies Deen Thalif 3 March 2015 Inter Press Service News Agency 11 December 2017 Catherine Weibel, UNICEF's Communication Chief in Jerusalem said: "Four infants died from complications caused by the bitter cold in Gaza in January... All were from families whose houses were destroyed during the last conflict and were living in extremely dire conditions."http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2015/02/babies-die-gaza-due-resource-siege-150223075856017.html Babies die in Gaza due to the resource siege Al Jazeera 24 February 2015 Only one percent of the needed building material had been delivered. The mechanism agreed between Hamas and the Palestinian Authority, meant to allow delivery of such material, has not worked.http://www.hd.se/kultur/2015/02/01/bortglomda-av-varlden/ Pengarna som försvann Helsingborgs Dagblad 1 February 2015 sv Hamas spokesman blamed Israel for causing an electricity crisis. Israel provided 50,000 liters of fuel for generators running during blackouts and repaired three power lines damaged during storms within a week.https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/13/world/middleeast/bitter-cold-claims-more-lives-in-gaza.html Bitter Cold Claims More Lives in Gaza 13 January 2015 The New York Times On 15 September 2014, a Fatah spokesperson accused Hamas of misappropriating US$700 million of funds intended to rebuild Gaza.Winer Stuart https://www.timesofisrael.com/fatah-official-accuses-hamas-of-stealing-700m-from-gazans/ Fatah official accuses Hamas of stealing $700m from Gazans The Times of Israel October 2014 https://www.veooz.com/news/LHX3epa.html https://archive.today/20150220080819/https://www.veooz.com/news/LHX3epa.html dead 20 February 2015 [News] Fatah official accuses Hamas of stealing ... – Veooz 360 Veooz On 6 January Hamas spokesperson said that Palestinian national consensus government ministers admitted redirecting rebuilding funds to PNA budget.http://www.maannews.com/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?id=752045 Hamas: PA misusing Gaza reconstruction funds Maan News Agency Israel's military estimated that 20% of cement and steel allowed by Israel to be delivered to Gaza for the reconstruction efforts were taken by Hamas.http://www.worldtribune.com/2014/12/22/hamas-said-using-cement-steel-un-aid-repair-attack-tunnels/ Hamas said using cement, steel from UN aid to repair attack tunnels World Tribune dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150217224727/http://www.worldtribune.com/2014/12/22/hamas-said-using-cement-steel-un-aid-repair-attack-tunnels/ 17 February 2015 Arne Gericke, a member of the European Parliament said "It would sicken most [European] taxpayers to know that the EU itself could be directly contributing to the tragic cycle of violence". See also Israel Modern history Palestine 25em 2014 in Israel 2014 in the State of Palestine 2014 Jerusalem unrest Asymmetric warfare List of the Israel Defense Forces operations List of wars: 2003–present List of wars involving Israel List of wars involving the State of Palestine Military operations of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict Timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in 2014 Zanana Notes note 30em References https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/hamas-says-missing-israeli-soldier-in-gaza-hadar-goldin-is-likely-dead/2014/08/02/92562694-56cd-48c0-921b-b851fb2eca09_story.html Netanyahu says Israeli military 'will take as much time as necessary' in Gaza The Washington Post 2 August 2014 Griff Witte Sudarsan Raghavan External links Gaza-Israel conflict: Is the fighting over?. BBC News Online Operation Protective Edge https://web.archive.org/web/20170312053850/https://www.idfblog.com/operationgaza2014/ 12 March 2017 . Israel Defense Forces Gaza: Two Years since the 2014 hostilities. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs The 2014 Gaza Conflict: Factual and Legal Aspects. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs Gaza truce: Is there a winner? https://web.archive.org/web/20200907165204/https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/insidestory/2014/08/gaza-truce-there-winner-201482714583180993.html 7 September 2020 Al Jazeera English Protective Edge Stats. Google Docs, Sheets and Slides https://archive.today/20240809010034/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20180708-remembering-the-2014-israeli-offensive-against-gaza/ Article by Middle East Monitor el Gaza War Gaza Gaza Gaza 2014 Gaza 2014 Gaza 2014 Gaza Category:Gaza–Israel conflict Gaza 2014 Gaza 2014 Category:Israeli attacks against the Gaza Strip Gaza 2014 Gaza 2014 Category:Assassinations in Palestine