1922 Argentine general election

none Argentina 2 April 1922 376 members of the Electoral College 189 1,586,366 55.32% yes Presidential election presidential 1916 Argentine general election 1916 1928 Argentine general election 1928 Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear presidente.JPG Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear Radical Civic Union 235 419,170 50.49% Norberto Piñero.JPG Norberto Piñero National Concentration es Concentración Nacional National Concentration 60 231,102 27.84% President Hipólito Yrigoyen Radical Civic Union Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear Radical Civic Union File:1922 Argentine presidential election.png 200px Results by province yes Legislative election 1920 1924 85 of the 158 seats in the Chamber of Deputies 56.41% yes Radical Civic Union 50.05 49 49 National Concentration es Concentración Nacional National Concentration 26.89 20 15 Socialist Party 10.04 7 7 Unified Radical Civic Union es Unión Cívica Radical Unificada Unified Radical Civic Union 5.96 7 6 Democratic Progressive Party 5.33 3 2 Elecciones legislativas de Argentina de 1922 - Resultados por distrito.svg Results by province General elections were held in Argentina on 2 April 1922. Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear of the Radical Civic Union (UCR) was elected president, while Elpidio González, also of the UCR, was elected vice-president. The UCR also maintained its majority in the Chamber of Deputies, winning 49 of the 85 seats available, leaving it holding 95 of the 158 seats in the Chamber. Voter turnout for the election was 55%, with the UCR receiving a plurality of 51% of the popular vote and carrying nine of the fourteen provinces. Background Hipólito Yrigoyen's presidency had been marked by massive contradictions. One of the founders in 1891 of Argentina's first successful pluralist party, the Radical Civic Union (UCR), Yrigoyen filled 5 of his 8 cabinet positions with conservatives from the party that had monopolized power since 1874, the National Autonomists. He expounded on the virtues of "true suffrage," but removed 18 willful governors – including 4 of the UCR's own.https://ar.vlex.com/vid/intervenciones-primera-hipolito-yrigoyen-37345311 Intervenciones federales durante la primera presidencia de Hipólito Yrigoyen 1916-1922 vLex es He mediated numerous labor conflicts; but proved unable to control police and military brutality against striking workers. The resulting wave of violence was compounded by the creation of the paramilitary Argentine Patriotic League by a reactionary faction in the Argentine upper class, while Yrigoyen (and the courts) remained largely silent on these developments. Over two thousand strikers perished – some burned alive in silos.Rock, David. Authoritarian Argentina. University Press of California, 1992. Still, he advanced an array of reforms, including the country's first meaningful pension, collective bargaining and land reform laws, as well as expanded access to higher education and the creation of the first significant State enterprise (the oil concern, YPF). Argentina's economy rebounded strongly from World War I-related shortages of goods and credit, and Yrigoyen's vigorous labor policy helped translate this into record living standards.https://www.todo-argentina.net/historia/radicales/Yrigoyen2/index.html Segunda presidencia de Hipólito Yrigoyen (1828-1930) - Caracteristicas www.todo-argentina.net es thumb|300px|Striking Santa Cruz Province sheep ranch workers, prior to their illegal execution in 1921. Yrigoyen's unwillingness to prosecute these abuses did not prevent his UCR from a second, landslide victory amid an economic boom. Yrigoyen prepared to leave office, though not the reins of power; beset by growing rivalries within the UCR itself, he turned to one of the co-founders of the UCR: the Ambassador to France, Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear. The scion of one of Argentina's traditional landed families, the well-mannered Alvear placated Yrigoyen's fears of losing control over his Radical Civic Union, a risk Yrigoyen insured himself against by placing his personal friend and former Buenos Aires Police Chief Elpidio González as Alvear's running mate.http://www.todo-argentina.net/historia/radicales/alvear/1922.html https://web.archive.org/web/20181002100006/http://www.todo-argentina.net/historia/radicales/alvear/1922.html dead Todo Argentina: 1922 October 2, 2018 es The conservative opposition in Congress that had dogged Yrigoyen early in his tenure had largely been overcome by 1920 through a string of electoral victories. The Senate, however, which was indirectly elected at the time, firmly entrenched in conservative hands only by a series of removal decrees that left 9 vacancies by 1922.Luna, Félix. Yrigoyen, el templario de la libertad. Buenos Aires: Raigal, 1954. Most other important parties followed suit and, rather than put forth their paramount figures as candidates, they fell back on backbenchers with a reformist bent. Conservatives formed an alliance, the National Concentration, but did not nominate their most prominent figure, former Buenos Aires Province Governor Marcelino Ugarte. They instead nominated instead a respected reformer, criminal law attorney, named Norberto Piñero. Piñero had helped a needed overhaul of Argentina's penal code in 1890, a record his backers hoped could, in voters' minds, separate the hastily formed National Concentration from its ties to the violent Argentine Patriotic League. An increasingly respected Lisandro de la Torre who had been unable to promote his Democratic Progressive Party into an effective centrist alternative to the UCR, chose former Education Minister Dr. Carlos Ibarguren as the nominee. Argentine Socialists, led by Senator Juan B. Justo, nominated one of his closest collaborators, and, a leader in Argentina's cooperative movement, the respected Deputy Nicolás Repetto. The abbreviated campaign resulted in another, landslide victory for the UCR. The party retained the presidency overwhelmingly and won 53 of the 82 congressional seats at stake, losing only in two provinces controlled by provincial parties, and two controlled by dissident UCR groups; the only Senate race, that of the City of Buenos Aires, was again won by the UCR, as well, and the party ended with 15 of 27 sitting Senators (protracted vacancies excluded). Ambassador Alvear, for his part, did not campaign at all - receiving news for the April 2 results precisely where he received President Yrigoyen's phone call offering him the nomination: in the Argentine Ambassador's residence in Paris. Candidates Radical Civic Union (populist): Ambassador to France Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear of the city of Buenos Aires National Concentration (conservative): Former Minister of Education Norberto Piñero of the city of Buenos Aires Democratic Progressive Party (reformist): Former Minister of Justice Carlos Ibarguren of Salta Province Socialist Party: Deputy Nicolás Repetto of the city of Buenos Aires Independent UCR (anti-Yrigoyen): Miguel Laurencena of Entre Ríos Province Results President Public vote Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear Elpidio González Radical Civic Union 419170 216 Norberto Piñero Rafael Núñez (Argentine politician) es Rafael Núñez (gobernador) Rafael Núñez National Concentration es Concentración Nacional NationalConcentration 13 Conservative Party 62029 29 National Autonomist Party Popular Concentration 31485 7 Democratic Party of Córdoba es Partido Demócrata de Córdoba 31078 11 National Concentration es Concentración Nacional 25415 0 Autonomist–Liberal Pact es Pacto Autonomista - Liberal 27239 12 Provincial Union 17120 12 Liberal Party of Tucumán 12817 6 Democratic Party of San Luis es Partido Demócrata de San Luis Liberal Democratic Party 6709 3 Civic Concentration 5972 2 Catamarca Concentration 5750 2 Liberal Party of Mendoza 3348 5 Popular Union of La Rioja 2140 2 231102 91 Nicolás Repetto Antonio de Tomaso Socialist Party 78472 22 Miguel Laurencena Carlos Francisco Melo es Unified Radical Civic Union es Unión Cívica Radical Unificada Unified RadicalCivic Union 8 Tucumán Radical Civic Union 16671 12 Unified Radical Civic Union Lencinist Radical Civic Union es Unión Cívica Radical Lencinista 14150 11 Principist Radical Civic Union es Unión Cívica Radical Principista 11670 0 Blockist Party of San Juan es Partido Bloquista de San Juan Blockist Radical Civic Union 7048 7 Salta Radical Civic Union 6707 3 Unified Radical Civic Union Intransigent Radical Civic Union 2377 0 Red Radical Civic Union 126 0 Unified Radical Civic Union 58749 33 Carlos Ibarguren Francisco E. Correa es Democratic Progressive Party 41841 14 No candidate No candidate Jujuy Radical Union 1 0 No candidate No candidate Others 809 0 47508 1586366 Ministry of the Interior Electoral College vote Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear Radical Civic Union 235 Norberto Piñero National Concentration es Concentración Nacional 60 Nicolás Repetto Socialist Party 22 Carlos Ibarguren Democratic Progressive Party 10 Miguel Laurencena Principist Radical Civic Union es Unión Cívica Radical Principista 6 Rafael Núñez (Argentine politician) es Rafael Núñez (gobernador) Rafael Núñez National Concentration es Concentración Nacional 2 José A. Correa Blockist Party of San Juan es Partido Bloquista de San Juan Blockist Radical Civic Union 1 376 By province Province de Alvear Piñero Repetto Ibarguren Laurencena Núñez J. Correa Buenos Aires City 46 22 Buenos Aires 56 22 Catamarca 6 1 Córdoba 22 9 Corrientes 6 11 Entre Ríos 15 3 Jujuy 6 2 La Rioja 6 2 Mendoza 11 Salta 3 4 San Juan 2 6 1 San Luis 7 Santa Fe 28 10 Santiago del Estero 11 2 Tucumán 10 6 Total 235 60 22 10 6 2 1Source: Senate1924 Diario de sesiones de la Cámara de Senadores - Año 1922 Diario de Sesiones del Honorable Senado de la Nacion https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=osu.32435068282482;view=1up;seq=157 Buenos Aires Talleres Gráficos de L. J. Rosso y Cía. 119–137 Vice president Elpidio González Radical Civic Union 235 Rafael Núñez (Argentine politician) es Rafael Núñez (gobernador) Rafael Núñez National Concentration es Concentración Nacional 60 Antonio de Tomaso Socialist Party 22 Francisco E. Correa es Democratic Progressive Party 12 Carlos Francisco Melo es Principist Radical Civic Union es Unión Cívica Radical Principista 6 Marcial V. Quiroga Blockist Party of San Juan es Partido Bloquista de San Juan Blockist Radical Civic Union 1 376 By province Province González Núñez de Tomaso F. E. Correa Melo Quiroga Buenos Aires City46 22 Buenos Aires 56 22 Catamarca 6 1 Córdoba 22 9 Corrientes 6 11 Entre Ríos 15 3 Jujuy 6 2 La Rioja 6 2 Mendoza 11 Salta 3 4 San Juan 2 6 1 San Luis 7 Santa Fe 28 10 Santiago del Estero 11 2 Tucumán 10 6 Total 235 60votes Although only 60 electors voted for Rafael Núñez, in the final count he appears with 58 votes. 22 12 6 1Source: Senate Chamber of Deputies Won Total File:Elecciones legislativas de Argentina de 1922.svg Radical Civic Union 405316 49 95 National Concentration es Concentración Nacional 11 Conservative Party 61795 6 National Autonomist Party Popular Concentration 31612 2 Democratic Party of Córdoba es Partido Demócrata de Córdoba 31393 2 Autonomist–Liberal Pact es Pacto Autonomista - Liberal 27109 3 National Concentration es Concentración Nacional 22010 0 Provincial Union 17732 3 Liberal Party of Tucumán 12799 1 Catamarca Concentration 5757 0 Civic Concentration 5464 0 Popular Union of La Rioja 2124 0 217795 17 27 Socialist Party 81283 4 10 Unified Radical Civic Union es Unión Cívica Radical Unificada 6 Tucumán Radical Civic Union 16767 4 Unified Radical Civic Union Principist Radical Civic Union es Unión Cívica Radical Principista 14737 0 Blockist Party of San Juan es Partido Bloquista de San Juan Blockist Radical Civic Union 7240 2 Salta Radical Civic Union 7092 1 Unified Radical Civic Union Intransigent Radical Civic Union 2436 0 48272 7 8 Democratic Progressive Party 43127 3 13 Communist Party of Argentina 6147 0 0 National Feminist Party es Partido Feminista Nacional 717 0 0 Public Health Party es Partido Salud Pública 571 0 0 Others 6619 0 0 Vacant 5 5 34743 1497264 Ministry of the Interiorhttps://books.google.com/books?id=6UpNAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA239 Memoria del Ministerio del Interior presentada al Honorable Congreso de la Nación 1921-1922 1922 Buenos Aires 239–310 Notes References Argentina Argentina General Category:Presidential elections in Argentina Category:Legislative elections in Argentina