1941 Atlantic hurricane season

none February 2012 Atl 1941 1941 Atlantic hurricane season summary map.png Map of storm tracks over the northeast Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf of Mexico. Six storms hit regions including Florida, Texas, and northern Central America, often veering northeast after hitting land. September 11, 1941 October 22, 1941 1 6 6 4 3 285 10 1941 Pacific hurricane season 1941 Pacific typhoon season 1940s North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943 110 942 "Texas" Four 115 957 The 1941 Atlantic hurricane season was the period in 1941 in which tropical cyclones formed in the Atlantic Basin. It was a relatively inactive hurricane season, with only six known storms. It officially began on June 16, 1941, and lasted until November 1, 1941. Don't Get Alarmed But Hurricane Season Is Now Officially 'Open' June 16, 1941 Port Arthur News These dates delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones tend to form in the Atlantic basin. Of the six cyclones, four attained hurricane status, and three became major hurricanes. The active season had an abnormally late start; the first system formed on September 11, nearly three months after the official beginning date. The last system dissipated five weeks later, on October 22. The season's six storms developed in rapid succession, and on September 23, three hurricanes existed simultaneously in the basin. In total, the season resulted in about 285 fatalities and over $10 million in damages. The first and last storms of the season were largely insignificant, although the second, fourth, and fifth storms had considerable effects. Two hurricanes struck the United States: Hurricane Two struck East Texas at Category 3 intensity in late September; and Hurricane Five made two landfalls in Florida, the first of which was near Miami at Category 2 intensity, inflicting widespread damage. Additionally, Hurricane Four traversed the Caribbean before striking the Nicaragua–Honduras border at Category 4 intensity, leaving 147 men dead at sea. The season's activity was reflected with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 52 units,Hurricane Research Division National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration September 2021 Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/comparison_table.html October 4, 2021 below the 1931–1943 average of 91.2.Christopher W. Landsea August 15, 2014 A Reanalysis of the 1931–43 Atlantic Hurricane Database 27 16 https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/27/16/jcli-d-13-00503.1.xml?tab_body=pdf 6111 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration etal October 4, 2021 2014JCli...27.6093L 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00503.1 PDF Journal of Climate Miami, Florida 1785238 free subscription ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration will have high values of ACE. It is only calculated at six-hour increments in which specific tropical and subtropical systems are either at or above sustained wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h), which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity. Thus, tropical depressions are not included here. __TOC__ Timeline Systems Tropical Storm One Atl One_1941-09-12_weather_map.jpg Weather map depicting a storm in the Gulf of Mexico, south of Louisiana AL01 1941 path.png A Gulf of Mexico storm track starts about halfway between the Florida panhandle and Yucatán, heads west and a bit north, and makes landfall near the Texas–Louisiana border. September 11 September 16 50 1001 The first storm of the 1941 season formed on September 11 in the northern Gulf of Mexico. This was an abnormally late start to an Atlantic hurricane season: only on two other occasions between 1887 and 1941 had no storms developed prior to September 11. The storm moved slowly in a generally westward direction for the next few days, peaking as a moderate tropical storm with winds of 45 mph (75 km/h). It then weakened until it made landfall along the northern Texas coast between Galveston and Port Arthur as a tropical depression, where it caused only minor damage. Near 06:00 UTC on September 16, the storm deteriorated into a depression, and dissipated a few hours later. The storm briefly disrupted aerial activities in the Louisiana Maneuvers,Yahner Rice Maneuvers https://www.newspapers.com/clip/35292016/ August 26, 2019 Corsicana Associated Press 91 55 September 16, 1941 Corsicana, Texas 12 Newspapers.com but was of limited consequence as it weakened before moving inland.Gulf Storm Danger Passes https://www.newspapers.com/clip/35292036/ August 26, 2019 The Vernon Daily Record 271 16 September 15, 1941 Vernon, Texas 4 Newspapers.com Hurricane Two Atl Texas hurricane weather maps, September 23, 1941.jpg Weather map depicting a storm moving inland over Texas AL02 1941 path.png A Gulf of Mexico storm track starts about halfway west of the Florida panhandle, heads west, completes a clockwise loop, and heads northeast towards Texas. September 17 September 25 110 942 1941 Texas hurricane Little more than a day after the first storm of the season dissipated, a tropical depression formed on September 17 in the central Gulf of Mexico about 120 mi km on on north of the Yucatán Peninsula. Upon forming, the system began moving generally northward. Early on September 18, the system developed into a tropical storm more than 300 mi km on to the south-southeast of New Orleans, Louisiana. Over the next three days, the intensifying storm executed a gradual clockwise loop, moving to the south-southeast before turning back to the west. After intensifying to a Category 1 hurricane on September 21, the storm began assuming a more northwestward course, toward the Texas Gulf Coast. It continued to strengthen into a major hurricane, peaking at 125 mi/h km/h on late on September 23. About four hours later, at about 22:00 UTC, the storm went ashore east of Bay City, Texas. The estimated minimum central pressure fell to as low as 942 mb inHg on.National Hurricane Center Hurricane Research Division Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory Chronological List of All Continental United States Hurricanes: 1851–2012 United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Office of Oceanic & Atmospheric Research July 2013 2013-07-15 http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/All_U.S._Hurricanes.html dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140210221648/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/All_U.S._Hurricanes.html February 10, 2014 mdy It curved towards the northeast, passing just east of Houston, and accelerated as it continued to move inland. The cyclone transitioned into an extratropical storm on September 25, and was last recorded at 00:00 UTC on September 27 over northeastern Quebec, near the Torngat Mountains National Park. Warnings and advisories declared in response to the storm were widely distributed, and approximately 25,000 people in the area evacuated their homes. Officials completed various precautionary measures.Hurricane Poised to Hit Texas September 23, 1941 The Evening Independent November 6, 2009 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=a6kLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=KVUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6415,5231439 https://web.archive.org/web/20160110024505/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=a6kLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=KVUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6415,5231439 January 10, 2016 live Wind gusts along the coast reached up to 100 mph km/h on,Houston, Tex., Feels Lash of Coastal Storm September 24, 1941 The Chicago Daily Tribune November 6, 2009 https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/467687442.html?dids=467687442:467687442&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic https://web.archive.org/web/20120308013142/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/467687442.html?dids=467687442:467687442&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic March 8, 2012 dead and high storm tides were recorded. The hurricane inflicted severe damage; destruction to property was worth an estimated $2 million, with an additional $5 million in damage to crops, notably rice and cotton. Overall, the cyclone killed four people. The hurricane affected the southern Louisiana region one week before the Louisiana Maneuvers, a prelude to World War II. Heavy rainfall triggered flooding and swelled rivers, and army vehicles became stuck in the mud as a result.Velmer Lenora Smith World War II — Louisiana Maneuvers Beauregard Parish Library November 6, 2009 http://www.beau.org/~velmer/local/ww2.html https://web.archive.org/web/20100412054750/http://www.beau.org/~velmer/local/ww2.html 2010-04-12 The inclement weather forced hundreds of military aircraft to move inland for shelter.Gulf Storm Is Headed For Texas September 22, 1941 The Evening Independent November 6, 2009 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=aqkLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=KVUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3460,5129833 https://web.archive.org/web/20160110024505/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=aqkLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=KVUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3460,5129833 January 10, 2016 live Hurricane Three Atl Three_1941-09-22_weather_map.jpg Weather map depicting a storm off the southeast coast of the United States AL03 1941 path.png A storm track starts east of the Florida panhandle and moves eastward; after turning towards the north, the track terminates near Nova Scotia. September 18 September 25 70 978 Early on September 18, squally weather was reported throughout the Atlantic coast of Florida, with indications that a circulation center was present 150 mi km on offshore. It is estimated that a tropical storm had formed at around this time. The cyclone began to intensify as it briefly moved northeastward, before abruptly executing an eastward turn. It attained Category 1 hurricane status on September 22September 22, 2026 HURDAT2 https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/hurdat2.html https://web.archive.org/web/20260917054120/https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/hurdat2.html September 17, 2026 September 22, 2026 NOAA's Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory, and completed a clockwise loop the next day. It then tracked northwestward toward North Carolina, but began to recurve away from land late on September 22. It weakened into a tropical storm shortly afterward. The system dissipated on September 25 to the south of Nova Scotia. The storm had little or no effect on land, but caused significant delays for North Atlantic shipping. One vessel en route from Curaçao to New York encountered the storm on two separate occasions, recording Force 8 winds on the Beaufort scale both times. Hurricane Four Atl Hurricane Four analysis, September 27, 1941.jpg AL04 1941 path.png A map depicting the track of a storm that traverses the Caribbean Sea from east-west and strikes Central America. September 23 September 30 115 957 ≤ On September 23, a minor area of disturbed weather was observed about 75 mi km on to the northwest of Barbados. It is estimated that it developed into a tropical storm shortly thereafter. Tracking westward, it passed just south of St. Lucia and emerged into the Caribbean Sea. By September 25, the storm had reached hurricane strength. Still intensifying, the storm continued generally westward and reached its peak at Category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. By late September 27, the hurricane was situated near Cape Gracias a Dios, Honduras, and accelerated as it moved across the northernmost stretch of the country. It maintained hurricane intensity despite moving over mountainous terrain. After briefly entering the Gulf of Honduras, it moved ashore again in Belize, with winds of up to 85 mi/h km/h on. Gradually weakening, the storm continued inland and weakened to a tropical storm by September 29. The storm emerged over the Bay of Campeche as a tropical depression and dissipated on September 30 while over water. Approximately 147 people died at sea due to the hurricane, including the loss of the Grand Cayman fishing fleet, 100 crew and four vessels in all.October 1, 1941 October 2, 1941 100 Sailors Feared Lost In Caribbean Hurricane https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wilmington-morning-star/162934533/ Wilmington Morning Star 74 309 Final San José, Costa Rica Wilmington, North Carolina Associated Press 1 October 6, 1941 Fishing Boat Lost https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-windsor-star/162936210/ Windsor Star 47 31 Extra Kingston, Jamaica Windsor, Ontario 1 The SS Ethel Sakel displayed a "sinking" message on September 25, about 125 mi km on north of Aruba; she later went down with 20 of her 33 crew members. Two other ships sent out distress signals, one of which capsized, all hands lost. Damage on land was also extensive, and three people drowned at Cape Gracias, which was largely destroyed by the storm; local media reported many more casualties, with up to 125 bodies being found, along with 72 injuries. The final death toll was believed to be even higher.September 30, 1941 October 1, 1941 Hurricane Kills 125 In Nicaragua https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-klamath-news/162934567/ The Klamath News 18 262 Managua Klamath Falls, Oregon United Press International 1 Coastal flooding in Cape Gracias was severe, as seas rose to a height of 22 ft m on, killing the mayor and his secretary. An anemometer there measured winds of 125 mi/h km/h on.October 1, 1941 October 2, 1941 Hundred Die In Hurricane https://www.newspapers.com/article/arizona-republic/162934553/ The Arizona Republic 52 137 Managua Phoenix, Arizona United Press International 2 Inland, the storm's eye passed over Boom, sideswiping a ship; barometric pressure aboard the latter fell to 957 mb inHg on, so the actual pressure at the coast was believed to have been far lower.Chris Landsea Craig Anderson William Bredemeyer Noel Charles Michael Chenoweth 3 Christopher Landsea https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/metadata_master.html#1941_4 Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT: 1941 Storm 4 - Revised in 2013 Re-Analysis Project Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Hurricane Research Division Miami, Florida In Belize, forests sustained major damage. For example, in the Melinda region, high winds brought down about 10% of the large pines.Jon Friesner Hurricanes in Belize April 1993 Belize Forest Department November 6, 2009 http://biological-diversity.info/Downloads/huricanesinbelize.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20160617132554/http://biological-diversity.info/Downloads/huricanesinbelize.pdf June 17, 2016 usurped Hurricane Five Atl 1941 Florida hurricane Daily Weather Map.jpg Weather map depicting a storm approaching southeast Florida AL05 1941 path.png The path of a storm that begins well to the east of the Florida peninsula, and after moving westward and striking Florida, it curves northeast and re-enters the Atlantic Ocean. October 3 October 12 105 962 1941 Florida hurricane Tropical Storm Five was first observed to the north of the Virgin Islands on October 3. The storm tracked generally westward on October 4, strengthening to its peak intensity of 120 mph (195 km/h) at 12:00 UTC the next day. Now a Category 3 hurricane on the modern-day Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale, the storm struck Cat Island, causing major damage. However, the rapidly moving storm soon weakened as its track bent more to the northwest. At 00:00 UTC on October 6, the eye of the storm passed south of Nassau. Ten hours later, the small hurricane struck the north end of Elliott Key, Florida, and then made a second landfall within the hour on the mainland at Goulds, near Homestead. Winds at landfall reached 100 mph (155 km/h), and the calm eye was reported over Goulds. After moving across southern Florida, the storm had weakened to a strong tropical storm, but then restrengthened as it curved northwestward over the Gulf of Mexico. At about 09:00 UTC on October 7, the storm made another landfall along the Florida Panhandle near Carrabelle with winds of 90 mi/h km/h on. Turning toward the north and northeast, it crossed Georgia and South Carolina, and entered the Atlantic Ocean on October 8. The storm fully dissipated several days later. Preparations for the storm were extensive; residents boarded up homes and businesses, while evacuations were recommended in some coastal areas.Barnes, Jay Florida's Hurricane History 2007 Chapel Hill Press 978-0-8078-3068-0 162 registration https://archive.org/details/floridashurrican00barn/page/162 In the Bahamas, where winds reached 104 mph km/h on, the storm killed three people. The city of Nassau was struck particularly hard, though damage elsewhere in the islands was also severe, with many homes reported destroyed. In Florida, damage was relatively severe, and included the deaths of several people. High winds brought down trees and power lines, and wind-driven salt water damaged vegetation well inland across Dade County, though the storm was characterized by unusually light rainfall. Storm surge in the Everglades region flooded local streets, particularly at Everglades City. As the storm progressed northward, the city of Tallahassee suffered widespread power outages and damage to numerous vehicles. Throughout the state, the hurricane inflicted $675,000 (1941 USD) in damages. The cyclone later killed one person in Georgia.Sc.D Edward Morgan Brooks An Unusual Rainfall Distribution in a Hurricane 1945 Massachusetts Institute of Technology November 6, 2009 http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/13079/26336365.pdf?sequence=1 PDF dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150403015659/http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/13079/26336365.pdf?sequence=1 April 3, 2015 mdy Tropical Storm Six Atl Tropical storm October 21, 1941 weather map.jpg AL06 1941 path.png October 15 October 22 45 1002 A tropical storm formed on October 15, and passed through the southern Bahamas. It crossed the Florida Straits, and reached its peak intensity with winds of 50 mph (85 km/h) on October 20, after entering the eastern Gulf of Mexico and turning towards the north. It curved northeastward and made landfall at Cedar Key, Florida.Howard C. Sumner North Atlantic Tropical Disturbances of 1941 Weather Bureau 1942 November 6, 2009 http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1941.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20090116193515/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1941.pdf January 16, 2009 live After pushing inland, the storm stalled and weakened to a tropical depression on October 21 before dissipating fully the next day. The storm's slow forward motion over the state of Florida led to heavy widespread precipitation, locally amounting to 35 in mm on in Trenton, Florida, between October 17 and October 22.SA 5–6 Storm Total Rainfall In The United States United States Army Corps of Engineers War Department 1945 Gale-force winds were also reported. Some flood damage occurred throughout the affected locations. An infant was killed following the destruction of a house, possibly related to a tornado spawned by the tropical storm; the baby's parents also sustained injuries.Baby Perishes in Florida Storm October 21, 1941 The New York Times November 6, 2009 https://www.nytimes.com/1941/10/21/archives/baby-perishes-in-florida-storm.html https://web.archive.org/web/20180723065949/https://www.nytimes.com/1941/10/21/archives/baby-perishes-in-florida-storm.html July 23, 2018 live See also Tropical cyclones 1941 Pacific hurricane season 1941 Pacific typhoon season 1900–1950 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons 1940s Australian region cyclone seasons 1940s South Pacific cyclone seasons References 30em External links Monthly Weather Review 1940 Atlantic hurricane 1941 Category:Articles which contain graphical timelines Category:1941 natural disasters Category:Meteorological events in 1941