1216 papal election

Election of Catholic Pope Honorius III June 2020 1216 true 18 July 1216 Perugia Nicola de Romanis Stefano di Ceccano Cinzio Cenci Guido Pierleone Cencio Savelli Honorius III Vad-0321 025 Honorius III (cropped).jpg 1198 1198 papal election 1227 1227 papal election The 1216 papal election was convoked in Perugia on 18 July 1216 following the death of Pope Innocent III two days earlier.Maleczek Werner Papst und Kardinalskolleg von 1191 bis 1216 Wien 1984 de The troubled social and political climate in Italy, including the threat of schism and foreign invasions, led the assembled cardinals to adopt the procedure of la compromissum none, delegating the election to a committee of cardinal-bishops.Honorius III Encyclopædia Britannica Online https://www.britannica.com/biography/Honorius-III 2025-11-02Vatican History: Honorius III http://www.vaticanhistory.de/vh/html/honorius_iii_.html https://web.archive.org/web/20110527105428/http://www.vaticanhistory.de/vh/html/honorius_iii_.html 2011-05-27 2025-11-02 Vatican History The committee, which included Ugolino di Segni (later Pope Gregory IX) and Guido Papareschi, elected Cencio Savelli, aged 68, who took the name Honorius III.Papal elections and conclaves by century https://cardinals.fiu.edu/conclave-xiii.htm 2025-11-02 Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church Honorius III was both a Roman native and renowned for his diplomatic skills, which would prove essential for navigating the papacy through contemporary challenges such as the Fifth Crusade and ongoing disputes with secular powers.Pope Honorius III https://www.catholic.com/encyclopedia/pope-honorius-iii 2025-11-02 Catholic Answers EncyclopediaPowell James M. 1977 Honorius III and the Leadership of the Crusade https://www.jstor.org/stable/25020178 The Catholic Historical Review 63 4 521–536 0008-8080 Seventeen cardinals participated in the election, while eight were absent, including several notable legates active in European affairs. The swift and nearly unanimous outcome of the election was achieved amid uncertainty regarding external pressures and the need for unity during a critical period of Church history. List of participants There were 25 cardinals in the College of Cardinals in July 1216, including 23 curial cardinals and two "external cardinals", who did not reside in the papal curiaThe reconstruction of the Sacred College in July 1216 is based on W. Maleczek, Papst und Kardinalskolleg von 1191 bis 1216, Wien 1984. Maleczek has rectified the earlier reconstructions made by Alphonso Ciacconio in his Vitae et res gestae Pontificum Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalium (1677) and Conrad Eubel in his Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi (1913), which are the main sources for the lists in both electronic accounts listed below. It is known that 17 of them participated in the election:W. Maleczek, op.cit., p. 357 Elector Title Elevated Elevator Other ecclesiastical titles NotesNicola de RomanisBishop of Frascati18 December 1204Innocent III Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals Ugolino di SegniBishop of Ostia e Velletri19 December 1198Innocent IIICommittee member; cardinal-nephew; future Pope Gregory IXGuido Papareschi Bishop of Palestrina22 September 1190Clement III Committee member Pelagio GalvaniBishop of Albanoca. 1206/1207Innocent III Cinzio CenciPriest of S. Lorenzo in Lucina22 September 1190Clement IIIProtopriest CencioPriest of SS. Giovanni e Paolo20 February 1193Celestine III Camerlengo of the Sacred College of CardinalsElected Pope Honorius III; possibly of Savelli familyGiovanni Colonna di CarbognanoDeacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano27 May 1206Innocent IIIGregorio GualganoPriest of S. Anastasia27 May 1206Innocent IIIRobert of CoursonPriest of S. Stefano al Monte Celio19 May 1212Innocent IIIPeter of BeneventoPriest of S. Lorenzo in Damaso19 May 1212Innocent IIIHis name is often erroneously listed as Pierre DuacensisPierre Duacensis and Peter of Benevento were actually different persons; Duacensis was never promoted to the cardinalate. See an article by John Wei, TWO LETTERS OF HONORIUS III TO CATALONIA, pp. 84–85 note 6Stefano di Ceccano, O.Cist.Priest of SS. XII Apostoli13 April 1213Innocent IIICamerlengo of the Holy Roman ChurchTommaso da CapuaPriest of S. Sabina5 March 1216Innocent IIIVice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman ChurchGuido PierleoneDeacon of S. Nicola in Carcere Tulliano18 December 1204Innocent IIIProtodeacon; Archpriest of the patriarchal Vatican BasilicaOttaviano dei conti di SegniDeacon of SS. Sergio e Bacco27 May 1206Innocent III Cardinal-nephewGregorio CrescenziDeacon of S. Teodoro5 March 1216Innocent IIIRomano BonaventuraDeacon of S. Maria in Portico5 March 1216Innocent IIIStefano de Normandis dei ContiDeacon of S. Adriano5 March 1216Innocent IIICardinal-nephew Absentee cardinals Eight cardinals, including six curial and two "external cardinals", were absent: Elector Cardinalatial title Elevated Elevator NotesBenedettoBishop of Porto e Santa Rufina3 June 1200Innocent III Ruggiero di San SeverinoCardinal Priest of S. Eusebio ca. 1178/80Alexander IIIArchbishop of Benevento 1179-1221 ("external" cardinal)Leone Brancaleone, C.R.S.F.Priest of S. Croce in Gerusalemme3 June 1200Innocent IIIPapal legate in LombardyGuala BicchieriPriest of SS. Silvestro e Martino ai Monti18 December 1204Innocent IIIPapal legate in EnglandStephen LangtonS.R.E. cardinalis27 May 1206Innocent IIIArchbishop of Canterbury 1207-1228; resigned this titulus S,. Crisogono after episcopal consecration in 1207; "external" cardinal Pietro SassoPriest of S. Pudenziana27 May 1206Innocent IIIArchpriest of the patriarchal Liberian Basilica; papal legate in GermanyBertrannus Deacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro19 May 1212Innocent IIIRainiero Capocci, O.Cist.Deacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin5 March 1216Innocent IIIPapal legate in Lombardy Election of Pope Honorius III thumb|Perugia cityscape (15th century) The cardinals assembled in Perugia two days after the death of Innocent III. They deliberated in the enclosure,For this reason, an account on Vatican History https://web.archive.org/web/20110527105428/http://www.vaticanhistory.de/vh/html/honorius_iii_.html 2011-05-27 considers this election the "first papal conclave" though it is not certain whether voluntarily or under pressure of the local authorities.Ambrogio Piazzoni, Historia wyboru papieży, Wyd. M, Kraków 2003, pp. 181–182 They decided to elect the new Pope by compromissum, it means, not by the whole Sacred College, but by the committee of few of them, empowered by the rest to appoint the new Pontiff. This time the committee included only two cardinal-bishops: Ugolino of Ostia and Guido of Palestrina.Vatican history https://web.archive.org/web/20110527105428/http://www.vaticanhistory.de/vh/html/honorius_iii_.html 2011-05-27 On that same day, they elected Cardinal Cencio, called Camerario, aged 68, who accepted his election and took the name of Honorius III. Notes Sources Werner Maleczek, Papst und Kardinalskolleg von 1191 bis 1216, Wien 1984 Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, volumen I, 1913 F. Bourkle-Young: notes to the papal election of 1216 Vatican history collapsed Catholicism Christianity Vatican City y Biblical Studies/Christianity/Roman Catholicism/History y Category:Papal conclave y Category:Roman Catholic Church y Category:Popes y Category:Popes y Category:Christian History y Pope y 1216 Category:13th-century elections Category:1216 Category:13th century in Catholicism Category:1216 in Europe