11th New Zealand Parliament

Term of the Parliament of New Zealand April 2015 April 2015 11th Parliament of New Zealand New Zealand Parliament 1890 New Zealand general election Liberal Government 23 January 1891 6 October 1893 10th Parliament 12th Parliament House of Representatives File:11th New Zealand Parliament Seating.png 74 Speaker of the House William Steward Premier Richard Seddon — John Ballance until 27 April 1893† Leader of the Opposition William Rolleston — John Bryce until 31 August 1891 Legislative Council 46 Speaker of the Council Henry Miller — Harry Atkinson until 28 June 1892† Sovereign Monarch HM Victoria Governor HE Rt. Hon. The Earl of Glasgow from 6 June 1892— HE Rt. Hon. The Earl of Onslow until 25 February 1892 The 11th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand. Elections for this term were held in 4 Māori electorates and 62 European electorates on 27 November and 5 December 1890, respectively. A total of 74 MPs were elected – a reduction on the 95 MPs of the previous Parliament. Sessions The 11th Parliament opened on 23 January 1891, following the 1890 general election. It sat for four sessions (with two sessions in 1891), and was prorogued on 8 November 1893.Scholefield 1950 68McRobie 1989 55 Session Opened Adjourned first 23 January 1891 30 January 1891 second 11 June 1891 25 September 1891 third 23 June 1892 11 October 1892 fourth 22 June 1893 6 October 1893 Party standings Start of Parliament PartyLeader(s)Seats at startNew Zealand Liberal PartyLiberal PartyJohn Ballance34Opposition (parliamentary)ConservativeJohn Bryce25Independent politicianIndependents9Liberal-Labour (New Zealand)Liberal-Labour5Independent LiberalIndependent Liberal2 End of Parliament PartyLeader(s)Seats at endNew Zealand Liberal PartyLiberal PartyRichard Seddon34Opposition (parliamentary)ConservativeWilliam Rolleston24Independent politicianIndependents9Liberal-Labour (New Zealand)Liberal-Labour6Independent LiberalIndependent Liberal2 Historical context In December 1887, the House of Representatives voted to reduce its membership from general electorates from 91 to 70. The 1890 electoral redistribution used the same 1886 census data used for the 1887 electoral redistribution. In addition, three-member electorates were introduced in the four main centres.McRobie 1989 54ff This resulted in a major restructuring of electorates, with 12 new electorates created. Of those, four electorates were created for the first time: Te Aroha, Halswell, Dunedin Suburbs, and Palmerston. The remaining eight electorates had previously existed and were re-created through the 1890 electoral redistribution: City of Auckland, City of Christchurch, City of Dunedin, City of Wellington, Ellesmere, Franklin, Geraldine, and Westland. The 11th Parliament was most significant,Atkinson 2003 81 as following the 1890 general election, it marked the beginning of party politics in New Zealand with the formation of the Liberal Government, which was to enact major welfare, labour and electoral reforms, including giving the vote to women. Ministries The fourth Atkinson Ministry, known as the Scarecrow Ministry, had been the government. The election had returned several "Independent" or "Labour" members as well as the Liberals. Some of Atkinson's conservative colleagues proposed schemes that would keep him in office, but Atkinson, who had been Premier on and off for 14 years, announced that the house would be called on 23 January 1891 to decide. On 21 January Atkinson told his colleagues that he was retiring on doctor's orders, resigned his seat and was sworn into the Legislative Council, and appointed Speaker. When William Rolleston lost the ministerial nomination for Speaker, Edwin Mitchelson announced the resignation of the government. The Governor asked John Ballance to form a government, which he did on 24 January. It was found to have a majority in the house. After a week of debate, the house went into recess until June.Bassett 1982 2 Atkinson was appointed to the Council with six colleagues, on 20 or 22 January 1891. He was widely regarded as having stacked the council before leaving office. There was a 5000-signature petition against the appointments, but they were approved by the Governor, The Earl of Onslow. McIvor 1989 179-180 The seven appointments on 20 or 22 January to the Council were Atkinson himself plus Charles Bowen, James Fulton, Charles Johnston, John Davies Ormond, William Downie Stewart Sr and John Blair Whyte. Ballance had considerable difficulty in achieving reform of the Legislative Council, with new appointments to be for seven years rather than life, and he had major disagreements with the Governor. Ballance's victory is seen as establishing an important precedent in the relationship between Governor and Prime Minister. The Ballance Ministry was the beginning of the Liberal Government, which lasted until 1912.Scholefield 1950 40McLintock 2009 John Ballance died suddenly on 27 April 1893McIvor Tim 2b5 Ballance, John – Biography 16 September 2011 and whilst Ballance had favoured Robert Stout as his successor, the caucus selected Richard Seddon instead. The Seddon Ministry was in power from 1 May 1893 until 10 June 1906, when Seddon in turn died.Scholefield 1950 40Hamer David 2s11 Seddon, Richard John – Biography 16 September 2011 Initial composition of the 11th Parliament 74 seats were created across 66 electorates.General elections 1853–2005 – dates & turnout http://www.elections.org.nz/elections/resultsdata/elections-dates-turnout.html Elections New Zealand dead https://web.archive.org/web/20100527022404/http://www.elections.org.nz/elections/resultsdata/elections-dates-turnout.html 27 May 2010 6 June 2010 dmy6 December 1890 General Elections. XXIV 2 The Wanganui Herald 7283 https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WH18901206.2.17 31 August 2011The New House http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=EP18901208.2.28 8 December 1890 The Evening Post 2 22 August 2016 XL 137 While the Liberal party was the only established party structure at the time, many independent conservative MPs coalesced as a semi-formal conservative opposition under the leadership of John Bryce. Due to the loose nature of this grouping it is difficult to determine the affiliation of some Independent MPs. Party Name Electorate Term New Zealand Liberal PartyJohn Joyce John Joyce (New Zealand politician)Akaroa02Second Conservative (New Zealand)Edward George Edward George WrightAshburton03Third New Zealand Liberal PartyRichard Meredith Richard Meredith (New Zealand politician)Ashley01First New Zealand Liberal PartyWilliam Rees William Lee ReesAucklandCity of Auckland02Second New Zealand Liberal PartyJohn SheraAucklandCity of Auckland01First New Zealand Liberal PartyThomas Thompson Thomas Thompson (New Zealand politician)AucklandCity of Auckland03Third New Zealand Liberal PartyEdwin BlakeAvon03Third New Zealand Liberal PartyJoseph WardAwarua02Second New Zealand Liberal PartyRobert Houston Robert Houston (New Zealand politician)Bay of Islands01First Conservative (New Zealand)James Thomson James William ThomsonBruce06Sixth Independent politicianEugene O'ConorBuller04Fourth New Zealand Liberal PartyWestby Perceval Westby PercevalChristchurchCity of Christchurch02Second New Zealand Liberal PartyWilliam Reeves William Pember ReevesChristchurchCity of Christchurch02Second Independent politicianRichard Taylor Richard Molesworth TaylorChristchurchCity of Christchurch03Third New Zealand Liberal PartyThomas MackenzieClutha02Second New Zealand Liberal PartyHenry FishDunedinCity of Dunedin03Third New Zealand Liberal PartyWilliam Hutchison William Hutchison (New Zealand politician)DunedinCity of Dunedin03Third Liberal–Labour (New Zealand)David Pinkerton David PinkertonDunedinCity of Dunedin01First New Zealand Liberal PartyWilliam Dawson William Dawson (New Zealand politician)Dunedin Suburbs01First New Zealand Liberal PartyWilliam Kelly William Kelly (New Zealand politician)East Coast03Third Conservative (New Zealand)Edwin MitchelsonEden04Fourth Conservative (New Zealand)Harry AtkinsonEgmont09Ninth Conservative (New Zealand)John Hall John Hall (New Zealand politician)Ellesmere07Seventh Conservative (New Zealand)Ebenezer Hamlin Ebenezer HamlinFranklin06Sixth Conservative (New Zealand)Arthur Rhodes Arthur Rhodes (politician)Geraldine02Second New Zealand Liberal PartyArthur Guinness Arthur Guinness (New Zealand politician)Grey03Third Conservative (New Zealand)William RollestonHalswell07Seventh Conservative (New Zealand)William Russell William Russell (New Zealand politician)Hawke's Bay05Fifth Liberal–Labour (New Zealand)William Tanner William Tanner (politician)Heathcote01First Conservative (New Zealand)Alfred Newman Alfred Newman (politician)Hutt03Third New Zealand Liberal PartyRichard Reeves Richard Reeves (New Zealand politician)Inangahua03Third Liberal–Labour (New Zealand)James Kelly James Whyte KellyInvercargill01First Conservative (New Zealand)Richard Moore Richard Moore (New Zealand politician)Kaiapoi01First Conservative (New Zealand)Frank Buckland Frank Buckland (politician)Manukau02Second Conservative (New Zealand)Robert Thompson Robert Thompson (New Zealand politician)Marsden02Second New Zealand Liberal PartyAlexander Hogg Alexander HoggMasterton01First Conservative (New Zealand)George Richardson George Richardson (New Zealand politician)Mataura03Third Conservative (New Zealand)Scobie Mackenzie Scobie MackenzieMount Ida03Third Conservative (New Zealand)George Swan George Swan (politician)Napier01First Conservative (New Zealand)Joseph HarknessNelsonCity of Nelson02Second New Zealand Liberal PartyEdward Smith Edward Smith (New Zealand politician)New Plymouth01First New Zealand Liberal PartyDavid Goldie David Goldie (politician)Newton03Third New Zealand Liberal PartyThomas Duncan Thomas Young DuncanOamaru04Fourth Conservative (New Zealand)James Wilson James Wilson (New Zealand politician, born 1849)Palmerston04Fourth Conservative (New Zealand)Frank Lawrynb Lawry stood in support of the Atkinson Ministry but changed allegiance to the Liberals in 1891Parnell02Second Liberal–Labour (New Zealand)William Earnshaw politicianPeninsula01First Independent politicianJames Mills James Mills (ship owner)Port Chalmers03Third Conservative (New Zealand)Douglas Macarthur Douglas Hastings MacarthurRangitikei03Third Independent politicianAlfred SaundersSelwyn05Fifth New Zealand Liberal PartyWalter CarncrossTaieri01First Independent politicianWilliam Allen William Shepherd AllenTe Aroha01First New Zealand Liberal PartyAlfred CadmanThames04Fourth Independent LiberalWilliam Hall-JonesTimaru02Second Conservative (New Zealand)Hugh ValentineTuapeka02Second Conservative (New Zealand)John BryceWaikato08Eighth New Zealand Liberal PartyWilliam Steward William Steward (New Zealand politician)Waimate05Fifth New Zealand Liberal PartyCharles H MillsWaimea-Picton01First New Zealand Liberal PartyWilliam Smith William Cowper SmithWaipawa04Fourth Conservative (New Zealand)Walter Buchanan Walter Clarke BuchananWairarapa04Fourth Liberal–Labour (New Zealand)Lindsay BuickWairau01First New Zealand Liberal PartyJohn McKenzie John McKenzie (New Zealand politician)Waitaki04Fourth Independent LiberalJackson PalmerWaitemata01First Conservative (New Zealand)George Hutchinson George Hutchison (New Zealand politician)Waitotara02Second Conservative (New Zealand)Thomas FergusWakatipu04Fourth New Zealand Liberal PartyJames Mackintosh James Mackintosh (politician)Wallace01First New Zealand Liberal PartyJohn BallanceWanganui06Sixth Conservative (New Zealand)John Duthie John Duthie (politician)WellingtonCity of Wellington01First New Zealand Liberal PartyGeorge Fisher George Fisher (New Zealand politician)WellingtonCity of Wellington03Third New Zealand Liberal PartyKennedy MacdonaldWellingtonCity of Wellington01First New Zealand Liberal PartyRichard SeddonWestland05Fifth Independent politicianJames Carroll James Carroll (New Zealand politician)X-01Eastern Maori02Second Independent politicianSydney TaiwhangaX-02Northern Maori02Second New Zealand Liberal PartyTame ParataX-03Southern Maori03Third Independent politicianHoani TaipuaX-04Western Maori03Third Table footnotes: nb Changes during 11th Parliament There were a number of changes during the term of the 11th Parliament. Electorate and by-election Date Incumbent Cause Winner Person Year Seat From ToFrank Lawry1891Parnell Conservative (New Zealand) New Zealand Liberal Party Notes References Atkinson Neill Adventures in Democracy: A History of the Vote in New Zealand University of Otago Press 2003 978-1-877276-58-3 469393822 Bassett Michael Three Party Politics in New Zealand 1911–1931 Historical Publications 1982 0-86870-006-1 Auckland Michael Bassett McIvor Timothy The Rainmaker: A biography of John Ballance Heinemann Reed 1989 0-7900-0024-5 Auckland McLintock A. H. http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/political-parties/9 An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand 22 April 2009 Liberal Party 1966 5 November 2018 16 September 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20181105215411/https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/political-parties/page-9 dead McRobie Alan Electoral Atlas of New Zealand GP Books 1989 0-477-01384-8 Wellington Scholefield Guy New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 Govt. Printer 1950 3rd Wellington Guy Scholefield First ed. published 1913 Wilson Jim Jim Wilson (librarian) New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer 1985 4th Wellington 154283103 First published in 1913 11