'50s progression

Chord progression and a turnaround used in Western popular music 345 A '50s progression in CThe 50s progression (also known as the "Heart and Soul" chords, the "Stand by Me" changes, The So-Called 'Flattened Seventh' in Rock Allan Moore Popular Music 14 2 185–201 Cambridge University Press 0261-1430 May 1995 10.1017/s0261143000007431 162661553 Cole Clay 2009 Sh-Boom!: The Explosion of Rock 'n' Roll (1953–1968) Garden City, New York Morgan James 56 978-1-60037-638-2 the doo-wop progression Scott Richard 2003 Chord Progressions for Songwriters New York Writers Club Press 0-595-26384-4204 and the "ice cream changes"Songwriting For Dummies Austin, D. Peterik, J. Lynn, C. 2010 Wiley 978-0-470-89041-7 https://books.google.com/books?id=v868l_IRu8QC&pg=PA189 189 March 2, 2015 ) is a chord progression and turnaround used in Western popular music. The progression, represented in Roman numeral analysis, is I–vi–IV–V. For example, in C major: C–Am–F–G. As the name implies, it was common in the 1950s and early 1960s and is particularly associated with doo-wop. Theory April 2024 In Western classical music during the common practice period, chord progressions are used to structure a musical composition. The destination of a chord progression is known as a cadence, or two chords that signify the end or prolongation of a musical phrase. The most conclusive and resolving cadences return to the tonic or I chord; following the circle of fifths, the most suitable chord to precede the I chord is a V chord. This particular cadence, V–I, is known as an authentic cadence. However, since a I–V–I progression is repetitive and skips most of the circle of fifths, it is common practice to precede the dominant chord with a suitable predominant chord, such as a IV chord or a ii chord (in major), in order to maintain interest. In this case, the '50s progression uses a IV chord, resulting in the ubiquitous I–IV–V–I progression. The vi chord before the IV chord in this progression (creating I–vi–IV–V–I) is used as a means to prolong the tonic chord, as the vi or submediant chord is commonly used as a substitute for the tonic chord, and to ease the voice leading of the bass line: in a I–vi–IV–V–I progression (without any chordal inversions) the bass voice descends in major or minor thirds from the I chord to the vi chord to the IV chord. Variations As with any other chord progression, there are many possible variations, for example turning the dominant or V into a V7, or repeated I–vi progression followed by a single IV–V progression. A very common variation is having ii substitute for the subdominant, IV, creating the progression I–vi–ii–V (a variant of the circle progression) and thus the ii–V–I turnaround.April 2024 50s progression in C – harmonic rhythm File:50s progression in C two beat harmonic rhythm.midtwo beat File:50s progression in C four beat harmonic rhythm.midfour beat File:50s progression in C eight beat harmonic rhythm.mideight beat File:50s progression in C variable harmonic rhythm.midvariable Variations include switching the vi and the IV chord to create I–IV–vi–V, as is used in "More Than a Feeling" by Boston Bennett Dan 2008 The Total Rock Bassist Van Nuys, California Alfred Publishing 62 978-0-7390-5269-3 and "She Drives Me Crazy" by Fine Young Cannibals.She Drives Me Crazy Chords by Fine Young Cannibals https://tabs.ultimate-guitar.com/tab/fine-young-cannibals/she-drives-me-crazy-chords-1052121 Tabs.Ultimate-Guitar.com 30 July 2022She Drives Me Crazy by Fine Young Cannibals Chords and Melody https://www.hooktheory.com/theorytab/view/fine-young-cannibals/she-drives-me-crazy HookTheory.com 30 July 2022 This is also similar to the I–V–vi–IV progression.April 2024 The harmonic rhythm, or the pace at which the chords occur, may be varied including two beats (half-measure) per chord, four (full measure or bar), eight (two measures), and eight beats per chord except for IV and V(7) which get four each.206 "Sleep Walk" by Santo & Johnny uses a similar progression, with the IV replaced by its parallel minor iv for an overall progression of I–vi–iv–V.November 2011 Other variations of this chord progression used in popular music include the similar ii–V–I–vi and IV–V–I–vi. Examples of songs that used them include “Vanish into You” by Lady Gaga and “White Mercedes” by Charli XCX. Examples in popular music section April 2024 This is a partial list of recorded songs containing the '50s progression. The list does not include songs containing the progression for very short, irrelevant sections of the songs. In some cases, such as "Blue Moon", it includes notable remade recordings of songs ("covers") by other artists; but mostly the songs are shown in their original versions. + Title Artist Year Progression"A Hundred Pounds of Clay" Gene McDaniels 1960 I–vi–IV–V "A Teenager in Love" Dion and the Belmonts; Doc Pomus, Mort Shuman (writers) 1959 I–vi–IV–V "Angel Baby" Rosie and the Originals 1960 I–vi–IV–V"Ano Ko ni Touch"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2cqyFAye3Ok ザ・ブルーハーツ「あの娘にタッチ」 YouTube November 1, 2021 The Blue Hearts 1991 I–vi–IV–V "Aku Yang Tersakiti" Judika 2010 I–vi–IV–V Aku Cinta Padamu Siti Nurhaliza 1997 ii–V–I–vi "All I Have to Do Is Dream" The Everly Brothers 1958 I–vi–IV–V "All Right" Christopher Cross 1983 I–vi–ii–V "Baby" Justin Bieber 2010 I–vi–IV–V "Baby Doll" The Buttertones 2016 I–vi–IV–V "Bad Girl" The Detroit Cobras 1996 I–vi–IV–V "Bau Bau Bau" Project Pop 2003 I–vi–IV–V "Baby, I'm an Anarchist!" Against Me! 2002 I–vi–IV–V "Beautiful Girls" Sean Kingston 2007 I–vi–IV–V "Beyond the Sea""Beyond the Sea", MusicNotes.com. Jack Lawrence and Charles Trenet 1946 I–vi–IV–V"Blank Space" Taylor Swift 2014 I–vi–IV–V (verses) "Bleeding Love" Leona Lewis 2007 I–vi–IV–V "Blue Moon" The Marcels 1961 I–vi–IV–V "Bobby Brown" Frank Zappa 1979 I–vi–IV–V "Body Feels EXIT" Namie Amuro 1995 vi–IV–V–I "Body Say""Body Say by Demi Lovato Chords and Melody", HookTheory.com. Demi Lovato 2016 IV–V–I–vi (chorus) "Bola Mata Sayu"https://tabs.ultimate-guitar.com/tab/dnanda/bola-mata-sayu-chords-5977910 Kunci Gitar DNANDA Bola Mata Sayu chord Ultimate Guitar Berjanji pula kami, bertemu esok hari DNANDA 2025 I–vi–IV–V "Boom Clap"Boom Clap by Charli XCX Chords and Melody https://www.hooktheory.com/theorytab/view/charli-xcx/boom-clap HookTheory.com Charli XCX 2014 IV–V–I–vi "Boyband" Tipe-X 2012 I–vi–IV–V "Boys (Summertime Love)" Sabrina 1987 IV–V–I–vi (pre-chorus) "Boyfriend" Boyfriend 2011 I–vi–IV–V "Brave" Sara Bareilles 2013 I–vi–IV–V (verse and chorus) "Brave as a Noun" Andrew Jackson Jihad 2007 I–vi–IV–V "Bristol Stomp" The Dovells 1961 I–vi–IV–V "Breaking Up Is Hard To Do" Neil Sedaka 1962 I–vi–IV–V "Brokenhearted" Karmin 2012 I–vi–IV–V "Burberry Headband" Lil Mosey 2018 I–vi–IV–V "C.h.a.o.s.m.y.t.h." One Ok Rock 2011 I–vi–IV–V "Capital Radio" The Clash 1977 I–vi–IV–V "Christmas (Baby Please Come Home)" Darlene Love 1963 I–vi–IV–V "Chain Gang""Chain Gang", MusicNotes.com. Sam Cooke 1960 I–vi–IV–V "Close Your Eyes" Meghan Trainor 2014 I–vi–IV–V "Cobalah untuk Setia"February 2024 Krisdayanti 2004 I–vi–IV–V "Complicated" Avril Lavigne 2002 I–vi–IV–V (verses) "Coney Island Baby" The Excellents 1962 I–vi–IV–V "Cradle Rock" The Heartbreakers (Ray Collins/ Frank Zappa) 1963 I–vi–IV–V "Crocodile Rock""Crocodile Rock", MusicNotes.com. Elton John 1972 I–vi–IV–V "Cupid" Fifty Fifty 2023 ii–V–I–vi "Can't Stop Lovin' You" Van Halen 1995 I–vi–IV–V "Da Doo", "Dentist" Little Shop of Horrors (musical) Original Broadway Cast 1982 I–vi–IV–V "Dance with Me Tonight" Olly Murs 2011 I–vi–IV–V "Dear Future Husband" Meghan Trainor 2015 I–vi–IV–V "Demi Waktu" Ungu 2005 I–vi–IV–V "Di Dadaku Ada Kamu"February 2024 Vina Panduwinata 1984 ii–V–I–vi "Diana" Paul Anka 1957 I–vi–IV–V "Donna"Hirsh, Marc. "Striking a Chord", The Boston Globe, December 31, 2008. Ritchie Valens 1958 I–vi–IV–V "Don't Dream It's Over""Don't Dream It's Over", MusicNotes.com. Crowded House 1986 IV–V–I–vi "Don't Dream It, Be It" The Rocky Horror Picture Show 1975 I–vi–IV–V "Don't Say Your Love Is Killing Me" Erasure 1997 I–vi–IV–V "Double Shot (Of My Baby's Love)" The Swingin' Medallions 1966 I–vi–IV–V "Duke of Earl"Scott 2003 206 Gene Chandler 1962 I–vi–IV–V "Dura" Daddy Yankee 2018 I–vi–IV–V "D'yer Mak'er" Led Zeppelin 1973 I–vi–IV–V "Earth Angel" Review: [untitled] Dane Harwood Ethnomusicology 26 3 September 1982 491–493 University of Illinois Press on behalf of Society for Ethnomusicology 0014-1836 10.2307/850712 850712 The Penguins 1954 I–vi–IV–V "Endless Mine" Sega 1994 I−vi−IV−V "Enola Gay (song)" Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark 1980 I–vi–IV–V "Epiphany" BTS 2018 I–vi–IV–V"Escape From The City" Ted Poley 2001 I–vi–IV–V "Eternal Flame""Eternal Flame", MusicNotes.com. The Bangles/Atomic Kitten 1989/2001 I–vi–IV–V "Every Breath You Take" The Police 1983 I–vi–IV–V "Eyes of Blue"https://www.jellynote.com/en/guitar-chords/paul-carrack/eyes-of-blue Eyes Of Blue chords & lyrics – Paul Carrack Jellynote 9 April 2018 9 April 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180409044359/https://www.jellynote.com/en/guitar-chords/paul-carrack/eyes-of-blue dead Paul Carrack 1995 I–vi–IV–V "Eyes on Me" Faye Wong 1999 I–vi–IV–V "Flightless Bird, American Mouth" Iron & Wine 2007 I–vi–IV–V "Flying Without Wings" Westlife 1999 I–vi–IV–V "For Your Precious Love""For Your Precious Love", MusicNotes.com. Jerry Butler 1958 I–vi–IV–V "Friday"https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/music_blog/2011/03/rebecca-black-friday-youtube-patrice-wilson.html Rebecca Black's 'Friday': There are a million good reasons you can't get it out of your head August 2, 2013 Lewis Randy March 31, 2011 Los Angeles Times Rebecca Black 2011 I–vi–IV–V "Give a Little Love""Give a Little Love", MusicNotes.com. Bay City Rollers 1975 I–vi–IV–V "Go Cry On Somebody Else's Shoulder" The Mothers of Invention 1966 I–vi–IV–V "Girl on Fire" Alicia Keys 2011 I–vi–IV–V "God Is in the Rhythm" King Gizzard & the Lizard Wizard 2015 I–vi–IV–V "Hang Fire" The Rolling Stones 1981 I–vi–IV–V "Hangin' Out with Jim" GG Allin 1988 I–vi–IV–V "Happiness Is a Warm Gun" Riley Tim 2002 Tell Me Why: The Beatles: Album by Album, Song by Song, the Sixties and After Cambridge, Massachusetts Da Capo Press 269 0-306-81120-0 https://archive.org/details/tellmewhybeatles00rile registration The Beatles 1968 I–vi–IV–V"Have It All" Jason Mraz 2018 I–vi–IV–V "Hazure03" Kazumi Totaka Atsumare Dōbutsu no Mori Original Soundtrack 2 ja:あつまれ どうぶつの森 オリジナルサウンドトラック 2 Nintendo https://columbia.jp/prod-info/COZX-1898-1903 2022-06-22 2022-08-24 booklet Nippon Columbia COZX-1898-903 (Animal Crossing: New Horizons) 2020 I–vi–ii–V "Heart and Soul""Heart and Soul", MusicNotes.com. Larry Clinton feat. Bea Wain 1938 I–vi–IV–V "Hero" Enrique Iglesias 2001 I–vi–IV–V "I'll Be Missing You" Puff Daddy feat. Faith Evans & 112 1997 I–vi–IV–V "I'll Make Love to You" Boyz II Men 1994 I–vi–IV–V "I'm the One" DJ Khaled 2017 I–vi–IV–V"I'm Waiting for the Day" The Beach Boys 1966 I–vi–IV–V "I Always Knew" The Vaccines 2012 I–vi–IV–V "I Love You Too Much" The Book of Life (soundtrack) 2014 I–vi–IV–V "I Think They Call This Love" Elliot James Reay 2024 I–vi–ii–V"Ima, Kimi wo Omou"https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=0KurwedrYTI&feature=youtu.be Ima, Kimi wo Omou YouTube 25 October 2021 HKT482014vi–IV–V–I "In the Aeroplane Over the Sea"In the Aeroplane Over the Sea Rebuttal https://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~rrs/essays/prindle.htm University of California August 27, 2018 Neutral Milk Hotel 1998 I–vi–IV–V "In the Shape of a Heart" Jackson Browne 1986 I–vi–IV–V "In the Still Of the Night" The Five Satins 1956 I–vi–IV–V "I Wanna Be With You" The Raspberries 1974 I–vi–IV–V "I Will Always Love You" Dolly Parton / Whitney Houston 1974/1992 I–vi–IV–V "J'en ai marre!" Alizée 2003 IV–V-I–vi "Jesus of Suburbia" http://www.guitarlessoninsider.com/acoustic/lesson-11b-basic-chord-progressions.html Acoustic Lesson 11B: Basic Chord Progressions GuitarLessonInsider.com November 4, 2012 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20121130142947/http://www.guitarlessoninsider.com/acoustic/lesson-11b-basic-chord-progressions.html November 30, 2012 "Jesus of Suburbia", MusicNotes.com. Green Day 2004 I–vi–IV–V "Joey" Concrete Blonde 1990 I–vi–IV–V "Just One Look" Doris Troy ""Last Kiss", MusicNotes.com. 1963 I–vi–IV–V "Judas" Lady Gaga 2011 IV–V–I–vi"Just the Way You Are" Bruno Mars 2010 I–vi–IV–I "Kimberly" Patti Smith 1975 I–vi–IV–V "Last Kiss""Just Like a Pill", MusicNotes.com. Wayne Cochran 1961 I–vi–IV–V "Looking for an Echo" Kenny Vance / Ol' 55 1975/1976 I–vi–IV–V"Lollipop""Lollipop", MusicNotes.com. Ronald & Ruby 1958 I–vi–IV–V "Lonely This Christmas"Lonely "This Christmas Chords", E-Chords.com Mud 1974 I–vi–IV–V "Lovable" Guralnick Peter 2005 Dream Boogie: The Triumph of Sam Cooke New York Little, Brown 157 0-316-37794-5 https://archive.org/details/dreamboogietrium00gura registration "Lovable", MusicNotes.com. Sam Cooke 1956 I–vi–IV–V "Love Hurts" The Everly Brothers / Nazareth 1960/1974 I–vi–IV–V "Lucky" Britney Spears 2000 I–vi–IV–V"Lupa Lupa Ingat" Kuburan 2009 I–vi–ii–V "Making Love Out Of Nothing At All" Air Supply 1982 I–vi–IV–V "Mama I'm A Big Girl Now" Hairspray Original Broadway Cast 2002 I–vi–IV–V "Mandy" Barry Manilow 1974 I–vi–IV–V "Marathon" Tennis 2011 I–vi–IV–V "Marvin Gaye" Charlie Puth and Meghan Trainor 2015 I–vi–IV–V "Me!" Taylor Swift ft. Brendon Urie 2019 I–vi–IV–V "Messin' Around" Pitbull 2016 I–vi–IV–V "Million Reasons" Lady Gaga 2016 I–vi–IV–V "Modern Girl" Sleater Kinney 2005 I–vi–IV–V "Monster Mash" Bobby Pickett 1962 I–vi–IV–V "Mr. Bass Man" Johnny Cymbal 1961 I–vi–IV–V "My Broken Friend" John DiMaggio featuring Beck 2001 I–vi–IV–V "Never Be the Same" Christopher Cross 1980 I–vi–ii–V "No Hay Pedo" Banda Los Recoditos 2014 I–vi–IV–V "Nothing's Gonna Stop Us Now" Starship 1987 I–vi–IV–V "Number One For Me" Maher Zain 2012 I–vi–IV–V "Octopus's Garden" The Beatles 1969 I–vi–IV–V "Oh, Pretty Woman" Roy Orbison; Roy Orbison, Bill Dees (writers) 1964 I–vi–IV–V "Oh True Love" Everly Brothers 1960 I–vi–IV–V "Oliver's Army""Oliver's Army", MusicNotes.com. Elvis Costello 1979 I–vi–IV–V "Perfect" https://medium.com/that-good-you-need/weekly-billboard-theory-perfect-4dc904142a94 Weekly Billboard Theory — Perfect Robert Joffred Medium 24 November 2017 1 January 2020 Ed Sheeran 2017 I–vi–IV–V "Perfidia" Alberto Domínguez, Glenn Miller 1939 I–vi–ii–V "Please Mr. Postman" The Marvelettes 1961 I–vi–IV–V "Pretty Little Angel Eyes" Curtis Lee 1961 I–vi–IV–VPrimadonnaMarina2012ii–V–I–vi "Prove It" Television 1977 I–vi–IV–V"Rainbow"https://www.musicnotes.com/sheetmusic/mtd.asp?ppn=MN0177055 Kesha 'Rainbow' Sheet Music in C Major (transposable) Musicnotes.com Kesha 2017 I–vi–IV–V "Red Cadillac and a Black Moustache" Warren Smith 1957 I–vi–IV–V "Rinky Dink" Dave "Baby" Cortez/ Booker T & the MGs 1962 I–vi–IV–V Ripped Pants SpongeBob SquarePants 1999 I–vi–IV–V "Rude" Magic! 2013 IV–V–I–vi "Runaround Sue" Dion 1961 I–vi–IV–V "Saat Saat Indah" Nani Sugianto 1987 I–vi–IV–V "Saturday Night" The Misfits 1999 I–vi–IV–V "Sejauh Mungkin" Ungu 2005 I–vi–IV–V "Senin Wage" Nyonya Ayu 2020 I–vi–IV–V "Seperti Yang Dulu" Ungu 2005 IV–vi–IV–V "Som Sarn" Loso 1998 I–vi–IV–V "Stand by Me" The So-Called 'Flattened Seventh' in Rock Allan Moore Popular Music 14 2 May 1995 185–201 Cambridge University Press 0261-1430 10.1017/s0261143000007431 162661553 "Stand by Me", MusicNotes.com. Ben E. King 1961 I–vi–IV–V "Suara (Ku Berharap)" Hijau Daun 2008 I–vi–IV–V (verse) "Surti Tejo" Jamrud 2000 I–vi–IV–V "Sweat (A La La La La Long)" Inner Circle 1992 I–vi–ii–V "Sympathique" Pink Martini 1997 I–vi–ii–V"Schifoan"Wolfgang Ambros1976I-vi-IV-V"Takaramono"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N5k4JlAGVDs THE BLUE HEARTS - 宝もの YouTube March 9, 2025 The Blue Hearts 1993 I–vi–IV–V "Telephone Line" Electric Light Orchestra 1976 I–vi–IV–V "Tell Me Why" The Beatles 1964 I–vi–IV–V "The KKK Took My Baby Away" Ramones 1981 I–vi–IV–V "The Man Comes Around" Johnny Cash 2002 I–vi–IV–V "The Thin Ice" Pink Floyd 1979 I–vi–IV–V "This Boy" The Beatles 1963 I–vi–ii–V "This is Me" Keala Settle 2018 I–vi–IV–V "This Magic Moment""This Magic Moment", MusicNotes.com. The Drifters 1960 I–vi–IV–V "Those Magic Changes""Those Magic Changes", MusicNotes.com. Sha Na Na 1978 I–vi–IV–V "(Tired Of) Toein' The Line" Rocky Burnette 1980 I–vi–IV–V "Title Theme" Hirokazu Tanaka (Dr. Mario) 1990 I–vi–IV–V "Total Eclipse of the Heart" Bonnie Tyler 1983 I–vi–IV–V "Tous les garçons et les filles" Françoise Hardy 1962 I–vi–IV–V "Twistin' the Night Away" Sam Cooke 1962 I–vi–IV–V "True Blue""True Blue", MusicNotes.com. Madonna 1986 I–vi–IV–V "Unchained Melody" The Righteous Brothers 1955 I–vi–IV–V "Victoria's Secret" Jax 2022 I–vi–IV–V "Viva la Vida" Coldplay 2008 IV–V-I-vi "Walking in Memphis" Marc Cohn 1991 IV–V-I–vi "We Almost Had A Baby" Emmy the Great 2009 I–vi–IV–V "We Are Young" Fun ft. Janelle Monáe 2011 I–vi–IV–V "We Go Together""We Go Together", MusicNotes.com. John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John 1972 I–vi–IV–V "Where Have All the Flowers Gone?" Pete Seeger 1955 I–vi–IV–V "Who Put the Bomp (in the Bomp, Bomp, Bomp)" Barry Mann 1961 I–vi–IV–V "Why Do Fools Fall in Love" Frankie Lymon & The Teenagers 1956 I–vi–IV–V "You Don't Own Me"https://www.e-chords.com/chords/lesley-gore/you-dont-own-me You Don't Own Me Chords – Lesley Gore E-Chords Lesley Gore 1963 I–vi–IV–V (chorus) "Your Reality"https://tabs.ultimate-guitar.com/tab/misc_computer_games/doki_doki_literature_club_-_your_reality_chords_2202959 Misc Computer Games – Doki Doki Literature Club – Your Reality (Chords) Ultimate Guitar Dan Salvato 2017 I–vi–IV–V Examples in classical music Instances of the I–vi–IV–V progression date back to the 17th century, for example, the ostinato bass line of Dieterich Buxtehude's setting of Psalm 42, Quem admodum desiderat cervus, BuxWV 92: thumb|Buxtehude, Psalm 42 "Quem ad modum desiderat cervis"thumb|center|450x450px|Buxtehude, Psalm 42 "Quem ad modum desiderat cervis" The opening of J. S. Bach's Cantata "Wachet Auf":thumb|J. S. Bach Cantata BWV140, orchestral introduction to the opening chorusthumb|center|J. S. Bach Cantata BWV140, orchestral introduction to the opening chorus|alt=|517x517px The progression is found frequently in works by Mozart. At the end of the slow movement of his Piano Concerto No. 24, K. 491, the progression is spelled out in arpeggios played by the bassoon: thumb|Mozart, Piano Concerto K. 491, closing bars of the slow movement thumb|center|500px|Mozart, Piano Concerto K. 491, closing bars of the slow movement The opening of his Piano Concerto No. 22, K. 482 extends the progression in a particularly subtle way, making use of suspensions: thumb|Mozart Piano Concerto K. 482, opening bars thumb|520px|center|Mozart Piano Concerto K. 482, opening bars Eric Blom (1935, p. 227) hears this passage as "the height of cunning contrivance resulting in what is apparently quite simple and obvious, but what could have occurred to nobody else."Blom, E. (1935, p. 227) Mozart. London, Dent. See also I–V–vi–IV progression Pachelbel's Canon Sources 30em Category:1950s in music Category:1960s in music Category:Doo-wop Category:Major-key chord progressions