1892 in science

none 1892 science 1892 The year 1892 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Astronomy September 9 – At Lick Observatory, Edward Emerson Barnard discovers Amalthea, the third moon of Jupiter and the last natural satellite found by direct visual observation. La planète Mars et ses conditions d'habitabilité, by Camille Flammarion, director of the Paris Observatory, argues that the Martian canals are artificial. Biology Viruses are first described by Russian–Ukrainian biologist Dmitri Ivanovsky.Iwanowski D. Über die Mosaikkrankheit der Tabakspflanze Bulletin Scientifique Publié Par l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Pétersbourg / Nouvelle Serie III 35 67–70 Saint Petersburg 1892 German, Russian 43221892 Translated into English in Johnson, J. (ed.) (1942) Phytopathological classics (St. Paul, Minnesota: American Phytopathological Society) No. 7, pp. 27–30. 10.1094/9780890545225.001 The microbial agent responsible for influenza is incorrectly identified by R. F. J. Pfeiffer as the bacteria species Haemophilus influenzae.Morens David M. Taubenberger Jeffery K. Folkers Gregory K. Fauci Anthony S. 2010-12-15 Pandemic Influenza’s 500th Anniversary https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-lookup/doi/10.1086/657429 Clinical Infectious Diseases en 51 12 1442–1444 10.1086/657429 1058-4838 3106245 21067353Taubenberger Jeffery K Hultin Johan V Morens David M 2007 Discovery and Characterization of the 1918 Pandemic Influenza Virus in Historical Context http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/135965350701200S02.1 Antiviral Therapy en 12 4_part_2 581–591 10.1177/135965350701200S02.1 1359-6535 2391305 17944266 Chemistry approx. date – James Dewar invents the Dewar flask.http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Co-Di/Dewar-James.html Dewar, James 2008-05-22 James Frank Chemistry Explained Advameg Inc https://web.archive.org/web/20080415155737/http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Co-Di/Dewar-James.html 15 April 2008 live Environment May 28 – Scottish American naturalist John Muir founds the environmental organization the Sierra Club in San Francisco, aided by a group of professors from the University of California, Berkeley, and Stanford University. American environmental chemist Ellen Swallow Richards, in a lecture in Boston, calls for the "christening of a new science" – oekology, to embrace environmental education and consumer nutrition. Geography November – Traveller Isabella Bird becomes the first woman inducted as a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society in Britain.The Admission of Women Fellows to the Royal Geographical Society, 1892-1914; the Controversy and the Outcome 3059652 The Geographical Journal 1996-01-01 295–312 162 3 10.2307/3059652 Morag Bell Cheryl McEwan Mathematics Georg Cantor shows there are different kinds of infinity and studies transfinite numbers. Gino Fano discovers the Fano plane.Tony Crilly 50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know London Quercus 2007 978-1-84724-008-8 113 Medicine July 18 – Russian-born bacteriologist Waldemar Haffkine demonstrates the first anti-cholera vaccine. German pathologist Curt Schimmelbusch proposes that medical dressings should be sterilized daily prior to surgery and designs a form of autoclave to facilitate this.Anleitung zur aseptischen Wundbehandlung ("Guide to the aseptic treatment of wounds"). Czech neurologist Arnold Pick identifies the clinical syndrome of Pick's disease and the Pick bodies that characterise the frontotemporal lobe disorder. Johann von Mikulicz-Radecki first describes Sjögren syndrome.Parke A. L. Buchanan W. W. Sjögren's syndrome: History, clinical and pathological features Inflammopharmacology 6 271–287 1998 4 10.1007/s10787-998-0012-6 17657625 12580734 Fox R. I. Sjögren's syndrome The Lancet 366 321–331 2005 9482 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)66990-5 16039337 16426363 First edition of William Osler's textbook The Principles and Practice of Medicine, designed for the use of practitioners and students of medicine is published in Edinburgh while the author is Professor of Medicine at Johns Hopkins University. It remains internationally significant in medical education for forty years.Golden Richard A history of William Osler's 'The Principles and Practice of Medicine' Osler Library studies in the history of medicine, no. 8 Montreal McGill University 2004 0-7717-0615-4 Psychology July – The American Psychological Association is founded. Technology February 2 – William Painter obtains a patentCrown Cork Bottle Cap - U.S. Patent #468258. for the crown cork bottle cap. February 23 – Rudolf Diesel obtains a patentRP 67207 Arbeitsverfahren und Ausführungsart für Verbrennungsmaschinen. for a compression-ignition engine. March 15 – Jesse W. Reno patents the first escalator at Coney Beach in the United States. François Hennebique patents his system of reinforced concrete.McBeth Douglas Francois Hennebique (1842–1921) – Reinforced concrete pioneer Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 1998 Publications Brothers Richard and Cherry Kearton publish With Nature and a Camera in the United Kingdom, the first nature book illustrated entirely from photographs. Awards Copley Medal: Rudolf VirchowCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 23 July 2020 en Wollaston Medal for geology: Ferdinand von Richthofen Births January 1 – Guido Fanconi (died 1979), Swiss pediatrician. March 30 – Stefan Banach (died 1945), Polish mathematician. April 14 – Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth (died 1979), German astronomer. May 3 – George Paget Thomson (died 1975), English atomic physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (1937). July 24 – Alice Ball (died 1916), African American chemist. July 25 – Hugh Llewellyn Glyn Hughes (died 1973), South African-born military physician. August 15 – Louis-Victor de Broglie (died 1987), French recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (1929). August 19 – Elizabeth Kozlova (died 1975), Russian ornithologist August 26 Elizebeth Smith Friedman (died 1980), American cryptanalyst. Emanuel Miller (died 1970), British child psychiatrist. September 6 – Edward Victor Appleton (died 1965), English radiophysicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (1947). October 26 – André Chapelon (died 1978), French steam locomotive designer. November 5 – J. B. S. Haldane (died 1964), British geneticist. November 21 – Margery C. Carlson (died 1985), American botanist. December 12 – Herman Potočnik (Noordung) (died 1929), Slovene pioneer of astronautics and cosmonautics. Deaths January 2 – George Biddell Airy (born 1801), English astronomer royal. January 21 – John Couch Adams (born 1819), English mathematician. March 29 – Sir William Bowman, 1st Baronet (born 1816), English ophthalmologist, histologist and anatomist. April 2 – Emin Pasha (born 1840), Silesian Jewish Ottoman explorer. May 5 – August Wilhelm von Hofmann (born 1818), German chemist June 27 – Carl Schorlemmer (born 1834), German organic chemist. December 6 – Werner von Siemens (born 1816), German electrical engineer. December 18 – Richard Owen (born 1804), English anatomist and paleontologist. References Category:19th century in science Category:1890s in science