1974 in spaceflight

none August 2024 July 2019 July 2019 yes 1974 Soyuz 18 booster.jpg Soyuz-U launch vehicle 5 January 2 December Timeline of spaceflight 1973 1975 right off science July 2019 On 29 March 1974 Mariner 10 became the first spacecraft to fly by Mercury, that saw a spacecraft for the first and last time in the 20th century. Orbital launches 1974 |colspan=8| January |- 1 17 January 10:07McDowell Jonathan C. Launch list by family: R-14 https://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/R-14.html GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects 4 April 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20221210053907/http://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/R-14.html 10 December 2022 live USSR 1955 Kosmos 3M USSR 1955 Plesetsk (LC-132/2) VKS USSR 1955Kosmos 628 (Tsiklon) MOM LEO Navigation Successful 1 19 January 01:39British Satellite Launched https://www.newspapers.com/article/news-press-british-satellite-launched/122251607/ 4 April 2023 The News-Press Associated Press 19 January 1974 Newspapers.com USA Delta 2313 USA CCAFS (LC-17B) UK Ministry of Defence Placed in incorrect orbit due to carrier rocket malfunction USASkynet 2A UK MOD Intended: GEO Achieved: LEO Comms 25 January 1974 Failure 1 24 January 15:00 USSR 1955 Voskhod USSR 1955 Plesetsk MOM USSR 1955Kosmos 629 (Zenit-2M) MOM LEO Recon 5 February 1974 Success 1 30 January 11:00 USSR 1955 Voskhod USSR 1955 Plesetsk MOM USSR 1955Kosmos 630 (Zenit-4MK) MOM LEO Aurora research 13 February 1974 Success |colspan=8| February |- 1 6 February 00:34 USSR 1955 Kosmos-3M USSR 1955 LC-132/2, Plesetsk VKS USSR 1955 Kosmos 631 (Tselina-O) VKS LEO ELINT 3 October 1980 Successful 2 11 February 13:48 USA Titan IIIE/Centaur USA LC-41, CCAFS NASA Upper stage turbopump malfunction Boilerplate NASA Intended: GSO Test carrier rocket 12 February 1974 Failure USA Sphinx NASA Intended: GSO Plasma research 12 February 1974 Failure 1 16 February 05:00 JPNM-3C JPNKagoshima Space Center LP-M JPNISAS First flight of M-3C JPNMS T2 (Tansei 2) ISAS Highly elliptical orbit Technology test 22 January 1983 Successful 1 18 February USA Scout D-1 ITA San Marco mobile range, Kenya ITA CRS ITAUSA San Marco 4 CRS / NASA Low Earth Atmospheric Successful |colspan=8| March |- |colspan=8| April |- |colspan=8| May |- |colspan=8| June |- |colspan=8| July |- 1 3 July USSR 1955 Soyuz (11A511) USSR 1955LC-1/5, Baikonur USSR 1955 Soyuz 14 LEO, docked to Salyut 3 Crewed orbital flight 19 July 1974 Successful 1 12 July 13:55 PRC Feng Bao 1 PRC Jiquan Satellite Launch Center, LA-2B (Site 138) Carrier rocket lost attitude control. PRC JSSW Intended: Low Earth Unknown 12 July Failure 1 16 July USA Scout USA Western Space and Missile Center at Vandenberg AFB NASA USA Aeros 2 NASA |colspan=8| August |- 1 28 August 10:08 USSR 1955 Soyuz (11A511) USSR 1955 LC-1/5, Baikonur Failed to dock with Salyut 3 USSR 1955 Soyuz 15 LEO Plan: Dock to Salyut 3 Crewed orbital flight 28 August 1974 Failure |colspan=8| September |- |colspan=8| October |- 1 15 October 07:47 USA Scout B-1 ITA San Marco mobile range, Kenya ITA CRS UKUSA Ariel 5 SERC / NASA Low Earth X-ray astronomy 14 March 1980 Successful |colspan=8| November |- |colspan=8| December |- 1 2 December 15:00 USSR 1955 Soyuz-U (11A511U) USSR 1955 LC-1/5, Baikonur First successful crewed use of Soyuz-U launch vehicle USSR 1955 Soyuz 16 LEO Crewed orbital flight 8 December 1974 Successful 1 10 December 07:11:01 USATitan IIIE/Star-37 USACape Canaveral SLC-41 USANASA Achieved a closest approach to the Sun of 46.5 million km (0.31 AU) in February 1975, the closest approach achieved by an artificial satellite at that point; it was succeeded later by Helios-B. USAGERHelios-A NASA / DFVLR Solar probe Heliocentric Successful 1974 Suborbital launches 1974 yes |colspan=8| January-March |- 1 12 January 19:12McDowell Jonathan C. Launch list by family: Raven https://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/Raven.html GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects 4 April 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230202195933/https://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/Raven.html 2 February 2023 live GBSkylark SPAEl Arenosillo NASA GER H-GR-58 DFVLR Sub-orbital Astronomy 12 Jan 1974 Successful 1 5 January 01:45Scientits See Comet From Plane https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-mail-scientits-see-comet-from/122250738/ 4 April 2023 The Daily Mail Associated Press 5 January 1974 Baltimore Newspapers.com USAAerobee 200A USAWhite Sands NASA NASA Sub-orbital Aeronomy/Ultraviolet astronomy 5 January 1974 Successful 1 8 January 01:40McDowell Jonathan C. Launch list by family: Nike https://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/Nike.html GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects 4 April 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230202195935/https://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/Nike.html 2 February 2023 live USAAerobee 200A USAWhite Sands NASA NASA/NRL Sub-orbital Aeronomy/Ultraviolet astronomy 8 January 1974 Successful 1 11 January 22:00McDowell Jonathan C. Launch list by family: R-36 https://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/R-36.html GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects 4 April 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20221210053907/http://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/R-36.html 10 December 2022 live USSR 1955 R-36 USSR 1955 Baikonur (LC-162/36) RVSN USSR 1955 Dkh RVSN Sub-orbital ICBM test 12 January 1974 Successful 1 15 January 20:00McDowell Jonathan C. Launch list by family: BB5 https://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/BB5.html GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects 4 April 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20221210053904/http://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/BB5.html 10 December 2022 live USA 1955 Black Brant VC USA 1955 White Sands (LC-36) NASA NASA Sub-orbital Solar research 15 January 1974 Successful 1 16 January 02:00McDowell Jonathan C. Launch list by family: K420 https://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/K420.html GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects 4 April 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20221210053905/http://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/K420.html 10 December 2022 live JP 1955 Kappa 9M JP Kagoshima (LC-36) ISAS ISAS Sub-orbital Ionosphere & Solar research 16 January 1974 Successful 1 16 January 17:40 USA 1955 Nike Apache USA 1955 Wallops Island NASA NASA Sub-orbital Aeronomy 16 January 1974 Successful 1 16 January 18:13McDowell Jonathan C. Launch list by family: Arcas https://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/Arcas.html GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects 4 April 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20221210053904/http://planet4589.org/space/gcat/data/launch/Arcas.html 10 December 2022 live USA 1955 Super Arcas USA 1955 Wallops Island NASA NASA Sub-orbital Ionosphere research 16 January 1974 Successful 1 16 January 01:40 USA Aerobee 200A USA White Sands NASA NASA Sub-orbital Solar research 16 January 1974 Successful 1 17 January 02:37 USA Nike Tomahawk USA Poker Flat NASA NASA/NRL Sub-orbital Plasma research 17 January 1974 Successful 1 19 January 11:34 GB Skua SPA El Arenosillo RAE RAE Sub-orbital Ionosphere research 19 January 1974 Success 1 19 January USSR 1955 R-36M USSR 1955 LC-103, Baikonur RVSN POR RVSN Sub-orbital ICBM Test 20 January 1974 Success 1 21 January 02:39 USA Nike Tomahawk USA Poker Flat NASA NASA Sub-orbital Plasma research 21 January 1974 Success 1 21 January 11:30 GBSkua 4 SPAEl Arenosillo RAE RAE Sub-orbital Ionosphere research 21 January 1974 Success 1 22 January 02:41 USA Nike Tomahawk USA Poker Flat NASA NASA Sub-orbital Plasma research 22 January 1974 Success 1 22 January 11:00 JP Lambda 3H JP Area 3L, Kagoshima ISAS ISAS Sub-orbital X-ray astronomy 22 January 1974 Success 1 22 January 01:40 USA Aerobee 200A USA White Sands NASA NASA/NRL Sub-orbital Solar research 22 January 1974 Successful 1 22 January 01:40 USA Minuteman I USA LF-06, Vandenberg AFB USAF USAF Sub-orbital ICBM test 22 January 1974 Successful 1 23 January 11:30 GB Skua SPA El Arenosillo RAE RAE Sub-orbital Ionosphere research 23 January 1974 Success 1 23 January 12:50 CAN Black Brant VB CAN Churchill NRC NRC Sub-orbital Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Aurora research 23 January 1974 Success 1 25 January 11:30 GB Skua SPA El Arenosillo RAE RAE Sub-orbital Ionosphere research 25 January 1974 Success 1 25 January USSR 1955 UR-100N USSR 1955 Baikonur Cosmodrome RVSN RVSN Sub-orbital ICBM test 25 January 1974 Success 1 26 January USA Minuteman III USA LF-25, Vandenberg AFB USAF GT-24GB-1 USAF Sub-orbital ICBM test 26 January 1974 Success 1 26 January USSR 1955 UR-100N USSR 1955 Baikonur Cosmodrome RVSN GT-24GB-1 RVSN Sub-orbital ICBM test 26 January 1974 Success 1 27 January 19:08 USA Nike Tomahawk NOR Andøya NASA Ferdinand 35 (Polar 3) NDRE Sub-orbital Aurora research 27 January 1974 Success 1 30 January FRA SSBS S2 FRA BLB, Biscarosse DMA DMA Sub-orbital Missile test 30 January 1974 Success 1 1 February 06:30 JP JCR JP Area T, Tanegashima NASDA NASDA Sub-orbital Test flight 1 February 1974 Successful 1 4 February 14:40 GB Skylark 6AC AUS LA-2SL, Woomera BAC BAC Sub-orbital Astronomy 4 February 1974 Successful 1 4 February USSR 1955 MR-UR-100 USSR 1955 LC-177, Baikonur RVSN RVSN Sub-orbital ICBM test 4 February 1974 Successful 1 6 February 22:48 CAN Black Brant IVB NOR Andoya DLR DLR Sub-orbital Aurora research (DLR A-BB4-63 Auroral mission) 6 February 1974 Successful 1 6 February USA 1955 Polaris A3 USA 1955 Submarine, WTR US Navy US Navy Sub-orbital SLBM test 6 February 1974 Successful 1 6 February USA 1955 Polaris A3 USA 1955 Submarine, WTR US Navy US Navy Sub-orbital SLBM test 6 February 1974 Successful 1 9 February 02:10 USA Aerobee 200A USA White Sands NASA NASA Sub-orbital Astronomy 9 February 1974 Successful 1 9 February 06:30 JP LS-C JP Area T, Tanegashima NASDA NASDA Sub-orbital Test flight 9 February 1974 Successful |colspan=8| April-June |- |colspan=8| July-September |- 1 11 July 05:01Wade Mark K63D http://www.astronautix.com/k/k63d.html 2024-08-12 www.astronautix.com USSR K63D USSR Vladimirovka test range, near Kapustin Yar Subscale model of the Spiral spaceplane.Krebs Gunter Dirk BOR-3 https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/bor-3.htm 2024-08-12 Gunter's Space Page After nominal flight, parachute system failed and the craft crashed. Apogee: 100 km USSR BOR-3 No.302 Suborbital Re-entry test for Spiral program 11 July Partial success |colspan=8| October-December |- |} 1974 Deep Space Rendezvous Date (GMT)SpacecraftEventRemarks5 February Mariner 10 Flyby of Venus Gravity assist; Closest approach: 5768 km10 February Mars 4 Flyby of Mars Closest approach: 2200 km (orbiter mission)12 February Mars 5 Areocentric orbit injection9 March Mars 7 Lander missed mars by 1300 km12 March Mars 6 Lander lost a few seconds before anticipated landing29 March Mariner 10 1st flyby of Mercury Closest approach: 703 km2 June Luna 22 Selenocentric orbit injection Photographic mission21 September Mariner 10 2nd flyby of Mercury Closest approach: 48069 km2 November Luna 23 Landed rough at Mare Crisium, the Moon Sample return mission3 December Pioneer 11 Flyby of Jupiter Gravity assist; Closest approach: 42960 km EVAs Start date/timeDurationEnd timeSpacecraftCrewRemarks3 February15:195 hours19 minutes20:38SkylabSLM-3USAGerald P. CarrUSAEdward GibsonRetrieved the final film from the solar observatory and photographed Kohoutek using an electronographic camera. References Footnotes April 2023 30em 1974 on Category:Spaceflight by year