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1928 United States presidential election in Oklahoma
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1928 United States presidential election
1928 United States presidential election in Oklahoma Oklahoma presidential no 1924 United States presidential election in Oklahoma 1924 1932 United States presidential election in Oklahoma 1932 November 6, 1928 x200px Herbert Hoover - NARA - 532049.jpg Herbert Hoover Republican Party (United States) California Charles Curtis 10 394,046 63.72% Unsuccessful 1928.jpg Al Smith Democratic Party (United States) New York Joseph T. Robinson 0 219,174 35.44% 350px 350px County results
Hoover
#e27f90 50–60%
#cc2f4a 60–70%
#d40000 70–80%
Smith
#b9d7ff 40–50%
#86b6f2 50–60%
#4389e3 60–70% President Calvin Coolidge Republican Party (United States) Herbert Hoover Republican Party (United States) 1925
The 1928 United States presidential election in Oklahoma took place on November 6, 1928, as part of the 1928 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose ten representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
Background and analysis
In its early years, Oklahoma was a "Solid South" state whose founding fathers like "Alfalfa Bill" Murray and Charles N. Haskell had disfranchised most of its black population via literacy tests and grandfather clauses,Ewing Cortez Arthur Milton An Introduction to the Government of Oklahoma 1939 72 Americanism Committee, American Legion, Department of Oklahoma the latter of which would be declared unconstitutional in Guinn v. United States.Fairclough Adam Better Day Coming: Blacks and Equality, 1890-2000 June 25, 2002 82 Penguin 0142001295 In 1920 this "Solid South" state, nonetheless, joined the Republican landslide of Warren G. Harding, electing a GOP senator and five congressmen,Debo Angie And Still the Waters Run: The Betrayal of the Five Civilized Tribes 318-319 9780691005782 but in 1922 the Democratic Party returned to their typical ascendancy as the state GOP became heatedly divided amongst themselves.Debo And Still the Waters Run 322
Like many states in the South, Oklahoma, almost entirely part of the Southern Protestant "Bible Belt", had significant influence from the Ku Klux Klan at that time.Kevin Phillips (political commentator) Phillips Kevin P. The Emerging Republican Majority 317 978-0-691-16324-6 The nomination of anti-Prohibition Catholic New York Governor Al Smith as the Democratic nominee was thus extremely controversial, with prominent former Senator Robert Latham Owen refusing steadfastly to endorse him,Bateman David A. Katznelson Ira Lapinski John S. Southern Nation: Congress and White Supremacy After Reconstruction 2018 Princeton University Press 375 978-0691126494 despite nominating dry Southern Democrat Senator Joseph Taylor Robinson of Arkansas.
Early polls showed a massive trend away from Smith, with a September poll saying seventy-six thousand Oklahoma Democrats would vote for Republican nominees, former Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover of California and Senate Majority Leader Charles Curtis of Kansas,76,000 Democrats Flock to Hoover: Anti-Smith faction in Oklahoma Signifies Intention to Vote Republican Ticket September 28, 1928 4 Washington, D.C. The Evening Star and a mid-October poll saying Hoover would receive seventy percent of the vote in Oklahoma.Shreveport Journal Shreveport, Louisiana 11 October 13, 1928 Smith Cuts Down Hoover's Lead in Magazine Poll: With Nearly 2,000,000 Ballots in New York, Governor Reduces Hoover's Lead to 63% At the end of October, although the number of Oklahoma Democrats believed to be supporting Hoover had not fallen, and a finding that the Republicans had helped enroll one hundred and fifty thousand new voters, Hoover's margin was reduced to fifty thousand.Oklahoma Expects Vote of 650,000: 150,000 believed Added in Registration; State Is Still Viewed Hoover's October 28, 1928 11 Washington, D.C. The Evening Star
As it turned out, the later poll was over-favourable to Smith. Hoover ultimately won the state by a margin of 28.28 percentage points. This was the first election since statehood when Oklahoma had voted more Republican than the nation at large, and the only one until 1960. In some previously Democratic counties in southwestern Oklahoma, Hoover gained vote shares more than thirty percent higher than Calvin Coolidge had in 1924, despite the fact that Smith visited the state in September and gave a major speech on the issue of religious tolerance.Lichtman Allan J. Prejudice and the Old Politics: The Presidential Election of 1928 1979 68 University of North Carolina Press 0807813583
Hoover carried all but eleven of Oklahoma's 77 counties, with only culturally Southern Choctaw Country or Little Dixie in the southeast remaining loyal to Smith, and even there Democratic margins were smaller than usual for the era. He was the only Republican until Richard Nixon’s 1972 landslide to carry the following counties: Carter, Cotton, Harmon, Jackson, Jefferson, Murray and Tillman.Menendez Albert J. The Geography of Presidential Elections in the United States, 1868-2004 280–283 0786422173 2005 McFarland Hoover was also the first Republican presidential candidate to win the following counties: Beckham, Cleveland, Grady, Hughes, McClain and Pontotoc.
Results
1928 United States presidential election in Oklahomahttps://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/state.php?fips=40&year=1928&f=0&off=0&elect=0 1928 Presidential General Election Results – Oklahoma 2013-08-02 Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential ElectionsPartyCandidateVotesPercentageElectoral votes Republican Herbert Hoover 394,046 63.72% 10 Democratic Alfred E. Smith 219,174 35.44% 0 Socialist Norman Thomas 3,924 0.63% 0 Farmer Labor Frank Webb 1,283 0.21% 0 Totals 618,427 100.00% 10
Results by county
CountyOur Campaigns https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=2987 OK US Presidential Election Race, November 06, 1928Herbert HooverRepublicanAl SmithDemocraticNorman ThomasSocialistFrank E. WebbFarmer–LaborMarginTotal votescast#%#%#%#%#% Adair 2,867 59.35% 1,944 40.24% 14 0.29% 6 0.12% 923 19.11% 4,831 Alfalfa 4,224 77.98% 1,086 20.05% 83 1.53% 24 0.44% 3,138 57.93% 5,417 Atoka 1,572 42.94% 2,056 56.16% 24 0.66% 9 0.25% -484 -13.22% 3,661 Beaver 2,596 73.67% 887 25.17% 33 0.94% 8 0.23% 1,709 48.50% 3,524 Beckham 3,810 62.36% 2,201 36.02% 78 1.28% 21 0.34% 1,609 26.33% 6,110 Blaine 3,413 67.83% 1,543 30.66% 65 1.29% 11 0.22% 1,870 37.16% 5,032 Bryan 3,014 43.37% 3,885 55.90% 30 0.43% 21 0.30% -871 -12.53% 6,950 Caddo 7,313 64.27% 3,885 34.14% 123 1.08% 57 0.50% 3,428 30.13% 11,378 Canadian 5,011 63.63% 2,786 35.38% 54 0.69% 24 0.30% 2,225 28.25% 7,875 Carter 6,538 55.80% 5,086 43.41% 77 0.66% 15 0.13% 1,452 12.39% 11,716 Cherokee 2,963 54.49% 2,446 44.98% 16 0.29% 13 0.24% 517 9.51% 5,438 Choctaw 2,541 49.32% 2,581 50.10% 23 0.45% 7 0.14% -40 -0.78% 5,152 Cimarron 1,139 66.03% 566 32.81% 14 0.81% 6 0.35% 573 33.22% 1,725 Cleveland 3,738 61.35% 2,291 37.60% 50 0.82% 14 0.23% 1,447 23.75% 6,093 Coal 1,283 42.82% 1,681 56.11% 19 0.63% 13 0.43% -398 -13.28% 2,996 Comanche 5,069 62.45% 2,956 36.42% 70 0.86% 22 0.27% 2,113 26.03% 8,117 Cotton 2,419 59.76% 1,605 39.65% 19 0.47% 5 0.12% 814 20.11% 4,048 Craig 3,511 54.48% 2,897 44.96% 23 0.36% 13 0.20% 614 9.53% 6,444 Creek 12,254 67.92% 5,693 31.55% 67 0.37% 28 0.16% 6,561 36.37% 18,042 Custer 4,576 68.56% 1,995 29.89% 93 1.39% 10 0.15% 2,581 38.67% 6,674 Delaware 2,603 59.70% 1,706 39.13% 33 0.76% 18 0.41% 897 20.57% 4,360 Dewey 2,486 65.35% 1,175 30.89% 112 2.94% 31 0.81% 1,311 34.46% 3,804 Ellis 1,953 62.80% 1,122 36.08% 25 0.80% 10 0.32% 831 26.72% 3,110 Garfield 12,748 77.77% 3,503 21.37% 90 0.55% 51 0.31% 9,245 56.40% 16,392 Garvin 3,321 47.44% 3,589 51.26% 72 1.03% 19 0.27% -268 -3.83% 7,001 Grady 6,332 62.64% 3,667 36.27% 84 0.83% 26 0.26% 2,665 26.36% 10,109 Grant 4,371 74.30% 1,449 24.63% 47 0.80% 16 0.27% 2,922 49.67% 5,883 Greer 2,262 57.48% 1,645 41.80% 13 0.33% 15 0.38% 617 15.68% 3,935 Harmon 1,431 56.85% 1,060 42.11% 18 0.72% 8 0.32% 371 14.74% 2,517 Harper 1,844 66.45% 872 31.42% 47 1.69% 12 0.43% 972 35.03% 2,775 Haskell 2,580 53.95% 2,172 45.42% 13 0.27% 17 0.36% 408 8.53% 4,782 Hughes 3,937 55.18% 3,169 44.41% 23 0.32% 6 0.08% 768 10.76% 7,135 Jackson 3,440 57.72% 2,493 41.83% 21 0.35% 6 0.10% 947 15.89% 5,960 Jefferson 2,251 53.79% 1,916 45.78% 12 0.29% 6 0.14% 335 8.00% 4,185 Johnston 1,294 41.80% 1,766 57.04% 27 0.87% 9 0.29% -472 -15.25% 3,096 Kay 13,829 76.15% 4,196 23.10% 95 0.52% 41 0.23% 9,633 53.04% 18,161 Kingfisher 4,063 69.08% 1,780 30.26% 27 0.46% 12 0.20% 2,283 38.81% 5,882 Kiowa 4,116 63.54% 2,270 35.04% 66 1.02% 26 0.40% 1,846 28.50% 6,478 Latimer 1,368 45.77% 1,583 52.96% 21 0.70% 17 0.57% -215 -7.19% 2,989 Le Flore 5,168 52.48% 4,622 46.94% 37 0.38% 20 0.20% 546 5.54% 9,847 Lincoln 6,118 70.74% 2,405 27.81% 102 1.18% 24 0.28% 3,713 42.93% 8,649 Logan 6,277 72.72% 2,251 26.08% 74 0.86% 30 0.35% 4,026 46.64% 8,632 Love 843 39.93% 1,268 60.07% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% -425 -20.13% 2,111 Major 2,891 78.73% 674 18.36% 91 2.48% 16 0.44% 2,217 60.38% 3,672 Marshall 1,063 42.50% 1,358 54.30% 70 2.80% 10 0.40% -295 -11.80% 2,501 Mayes 3,004 57.61% 2,161 41.45% 40 0.77% 9 0.17% 843 16.17% 5,214 McClain 2,399 55.07% 1,913 43.92% 32 0.73% 12 0.28% 486 11.16% 4,356 McCurtain 1,915 39.79% 2,877 59.78% 17 0.35% 4 0.08% -962 -19.99% 4,813 McIntosh 2,742 56.88% 2,044 42.40% 28 0.58% 7 0.15% 698 14.48% 4,821 Murray 1,631 51.53% 1,498 47.33% 26 0.82% 10 0.32% 133 4.20% 3,165 Muskogee 9,972 60.92% 6,343 38.75% 37 0.23% 17 0.10% 3,629 22.17% 16,369 Noble 3,607 66.21% 1,777 32.62% 41 0.75% 23 0.42% 1,830 33.59% 5,448 Nowata 2,930 62.18% 1,763 37.42% 12 0.25% 7 0.15% 1,167 24.77% 4,712 Okfuskee 3,612 58.25% 2,513 40.53% 61 0.98% 15 0.24% 1,099 17.72% 6,201 Oklahoma 36,608 69.13% 16,073 30.35% 237 0.45% 35 0.07% 20,535 38.78% 52,953 Okmulgee 9,149 60.77% 5,834 38.75% 64 0.43% 9 0.06% 3,315 22.02% 15,056 Osage 10,555 67.52% 5,010 32.05% 57 0.36% 10 0.06% 5,545 35.47% 15,632 Ottawa 8,144 64.03% 4,488 35.28% 69 0.54% 19 0.15% 3,656 28.74% 12,720 Pawnee 4,489 68.82% 1,949 29.88% 66 1.01% 19 0.29% 2,540 38.94% 6,523 Payne 7,864 72.19% 2,904 26.66% 83 0.76% 42 0.39% 4,960 45.53% 10,893 Pittsburg 5,875 49.20% 5,960 49.91% 87 0.73% 20 0.17% -85 -0.71% 11,942 Pontotoc 3,356 50.87% 3,203 48.55% 26 0.39% 12 0.18% 153 2.32% 6,597 Pottawatomie 8,478 68.57% 3,797 30.71% 58 0.47% 31 0.25% 4,681 37.86% 12,364 Pushmataha 1,616 52.88% 1,384 45.29% 44 1.44% 12 0.39% 232 7.59% 3,056 Roger Mills 1,948 63.51% 986 32.15% 114 3.72% 19 0.62% 962 31.37% 3,067 Rogers 3,477 61.38% 2,147 37.90% 31 0.55% 10 0.18% 1,330 23.48% 5,665 Seminole 8,072 64.60% 4,423 35.40% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 3,649 29.20% 12,495 Sequoyah 3,296 55.04% 2,692 44.96% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 604 10.09% 5,988 Stephens 5,192 62.71% 2,982 36.02% 80 0.97% 25 0.30% 2,210 26.69% 8,279 Texas 2,890 69.16% 1,240 29.67% 33 0.79% 16 0.38% 1,650 39.48% 4,179 Tillman 3,331 60.60% 2,141 38.95% 17 0.31% 8 0.15% 1,190 21.65% 5,497 Tulsa 38,769 70.49% 16,062 29.20% 128 0.23% 39 0.07% 22,707 41.29% 54,998 Wagoner 2,726 60.62% 1,745 38.80% 19 0.42% 7 0.16% 981 21.81% 4,497 Washington 7,258 73.48% 2,563 25.95% 41 0.42% 15 0.15% 4,695 47.53% 9,877 Washita 3,572 63.28% 2,024 35.85% 35 0.62% 14 0.25% 1,548 27.42% 5,645 Woods 3,941 70.38% 1,550 27.68% 87 1.55% 22 0.39% 2,391 42.70% 5,600 Woodward 3,188 69.06% 1,347 29.18% 59 1.28% 22 0.48% 1,841 39.88% 4,616Total394,04663.72%219,17435.44%3,9240.63%1,2830.21%174,87228.28%618,427
See also
United States presidential elections in Oklahoma
References
expanded
Oklahoma
1928
Category:1928 Oklahoma elections