1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party

Founding conference in 1921 1st National People's Congress 1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party File:The First National Congress of CPC.jpg 300px Site of the 1st Congress in Shanghai 中国共产党第一次全国代表大会 zh 2nd National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (1922) 13 delegates Formal establishment of the Chinese Communist Party Shanghai and Jiaxing 1921 7 23 1921 8 2 中国共产党第一次全国代表大会 中國共產黨第一次全國代表大會 Zhōngguó Gòngchǎndǎng Dìyīcì Quánguó Dàibiǎo Dàhuì Chungkuo Kungchantang Tiyich‘i Chʻüankuo Taipiao Tahui Jonggwo Gonqchaandaang Dihitsyh .Chiuangwo Daybeau Dahhuey Abbreviation 一大 Yī Dà thumb|Of the 13 delegates who attended the congress in 1921, Mao Zedong and Dong Biwu were the only two to also be present at the proclamation ceremony of the PRC in 1949, as pictured here.Yoshihiro Ishikawa https://archive.org/details/formationofchine0000ishi The Formation of the Chinese Communist Party 2012-01-31 Columbia University Press 978-0-231-50416-4 10.7312/ishi15808 10.7312/ishi15808 84011971912 The 1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in Shanghai and Jiaxing between July 23 and August 2, 1921.252 The congress established the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Formative meeting The congress began in a shikumen building of the Shanghai French Concession (near present-day Xintiandi in Huangpu District). In early June 1921, two Communist International (Comintern) representatives, Vladimir Neumann (commonly known as Nikolsky) and Dutch national Henk Sneevliet, also known as Maring, arrived in Shanghai, and urged Li Da to call various communist cells in the country to come together for a national-level meeting to form a communist party.233 Li Da subsequently called a meeting to form a national party.234 There were 13 Chinese delegates when the meeting opened on July 23.Tamiatto Jérémie 2008-02-01 Un missionnaire de la révolution en Chine: L'action de Maring au sein du mouvement communiste chinois, 1921-1923 Bulletin de l'Institut Pierre Renouvin fr 27 1 159–174 10.3917/bipr.027.0159 1276-8944 free At the time, there were 57 members of the CCP. Notably, the two founders of the party did not attend the congress: Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao.234 The meeting was put to an end due to a search of the meeting site by the French Concession police on the night of July 30.255 The delegates then agreed to move the meeting to a rented tourist boat on South Lake in Jiaxing. The Congress elected Chen Duxiu as Secretary (in absentia), Zhang Guotao as Director of Organization, and Li Da as Director of Propaganda.中国共产党第一次全国代表大会简介 Brief Introduction to the First National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party http://cpc.people.com.cn/GB/64162/64168/64553/4427940.html People's Daily zhNovember 2025 The General Assembly adopted The First Program of the Communist Party of China, stating that "the Party is to be named the Communist Party of China" and specifying its objectives: "to overthrow the power of the capitalist class[,]" to "eradicate capitalism and private ownership of property[,]" and to "join the Comintern."Huang Yibing An ideological history of the Communist Party of China 2020 Qian Zheng, Guoyou Wu, Xuemei Ding, Li Sun, Shelly Bryant 978-1-4878-0425-1 1 Montreal, Quebec Royal Collins Publishing Group 20 1165409653 The program was not a formal party constitution, but described the basics of the party's program, organization, and discipline.Li Ying Red Ink: A History of Printing and Politics in China Royal Collins Press 2024 9781487812737116 The founding meeting and first months of the CCP were financed by the Comintern.Saich Anthony James The Origins of the First United Front in China, Volume 1: The Role of Sneevliet (Alias Maring) 1991-01-01 BRILL 978-90-04-54251-8 10.1163/978900454251876 Of the 13 delegates who attended the congress in 1921, only two would be present at the 1949 proclamation of the People's Republic of China 28 years later: Mao Zedong and Dong Biwu.12 Seven of the original delegates left the CCP, one died of illness, and three died for the cause.12 Aftermath The site of the conference in Shanghai was converted into a museum in 1961. The South Lake Revolutionary Museum in Jiaxing, located on a central island of the lake, was constructed in 1959. A complex hosting more exhibits was constructed north of South Lake in 2011, also to commemorate the 1st Congress. The 2nd National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in July 1922.112 Delegates The 13 Chinese delegates at the founding meeting were:249 Li Da (Shanghai) Li Hanjun (Shanghai) Zhang Guotao (Beijing) Liu Renjing (Beijing) Mao Zedong (Changsha) He Shuheng (Changsha) Dong Biwu (Wuhan) Chen Tanqiu (Wuhan) Wang Jinmei (Jinan) Deng Enming (Jinan) Chen Gongbo (Guangzhou) Zhou Fohai (representing Chinese students in Japan) Bao Huiseng (representing the absent Chen Duxiu) See also History of the Chinese Communist Party References Category:1921 in Shanghai Category:1921 conferences Category:History of Jiaxing Category:Chinese Communist Revolution Category:July 1921 in Asia Category:August 1921 in Asia Category:1920s political conferences