1999 New Zealand general election

General election in New Zealand April 2024 March 2021 1999 New Zealand general election 2,127,295 84.77% (3.51%) 2,509,365 New Zealand parliamentary no 1996 New Zealand general election 1996 45th New Zealand Parliament 2002 New Zealand general election 2002 47th New Zealand Parliament All 120 seats in the House of Representatives 61 1999 11 27 y members Opinion polling for the 1999 New Zealand general election Party vote Percentage Swing Helen Clark 2.jpg 170 120 160 5 30 Helen Clark 1 December 1993 New Zealand Labour Party Mount Albert 37 seats, 28.19% 37 49 12 800,199 38.74% 10.55 pp Jenny Shipley 2013 (crop).jpg 145 120 160 4 10 Jenny Shipley 8 December 1997 New Zealand National Party Rakaia 44 seats, 33.87% 44 39 5 629,932 30.50% 3.37 pp Jim Anderton, 2010.jpg 190 120 160 0 10 Jim Anderton 7 May 1995 Alliance (New Zealand political party) Wigram 13 seats, 10.10% 9 10 3 159,859 7.74% 2.36 pp Richard Prebble, 1993 (cropped).jpg 120 120 160 0 0 Richard Prebble 24 March 1996 ACT New Zealand List(lost Wellington Central) 8 seats, 6.10% 8 9 1 145,493 7.04% 0.94 pp Rod Donald and Jeanette Fitzsimons (cropped).jpg 120 120 160 0 0 Rod DonaldJeanette Fitzsimons 21 May 1995 Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand ListCoromandel Ran as part of Alliance 2 7 7 106,560 5.16% new Winston Peters cropped.PNG 150 120 160 0 10 Winston Peters 18 July 1993 New Zealand First Tauranga 17 seats, 13.35% 9 5 12 87,926 4.26% 9.09 pp Peter Dunne.jpg 120 120 160 0 0 Peter Dunne 13 December 1993 United New Zealand Ohariu Belmont 1 seat, 0.88% 1 1 11,065 0.54% 0.34 pp 1999 New Zealand general election - Results.svg 450px Results by electorate, shaded by winning margin Prime Minister and coalition Subsequent Prime Minister and coalition Jenny Shipley (National) Helen Clark (Labour) National—ACT—NZ First defectorsMauri Pacific—Te Tawharau—Mana Wahine—United NZ Labour—Alliance (C&S: Green) The 1999 New Zealand general election was held on 27 November 1999 to determine the composition of the 46th New Zealand Parliament. The governing National Party, led by Prime Minister Jenny Shipley, was defeated, being replaced by a coalition of Helen Clark's Labour Party and the smaller Alliance. This marked an end to nine years of the Fourth National Government, and the beginning of the Fifth Labour Government which would govern for nine years in turn, until its loss to the National Party in the 2008 general election. It was the first New Zealand election where both major parties had female leaders. Background Before the election, the National Party had an unstable hold on power. After the 1996 election National had formed a coalition with the populist New Zealand First party and its controversial leader, Winston Peters. The coalition was unpopular, as New Zealand First was seen as opposed to the National government, and had made many statements in the 1996 election campaign to that effect, such as saying that only through New Zealand First could National Party be toppled, and Peters said that he would not accept Jim Bolger as prime minister, Bill Birch as Finance Minister or Jenny Shipley in a social welfare portfolio. NZ First's support crashed, though this was also partly caused by scandals and by mid-1997, NZ First was polling at as low as 2%. National also polled badly, and Jim Bolger was replaced as prime minister with Jenny Shipley. Gradually, however, the relationship between the two parties deteriorated, and Peters took his party out of the coalition, after Shipley sacked him from her cabinet. A number of New Zealand First MPs deserted Peters, establishing themselves as independents or as members of newly established parties. By forming agreements with these MPs, National was able to keep itself in office, but its control was often unsteady. The polls were still initially close, but without NZ First support, National's chances of forming a government were slim. Eventually, Labour Party gained a solid lead over National. The Labour Party, which had been in Opposition since losing the 1990 election, presented a strong challenge, particularly due to its agreement with the smaller Alliance party. The two had not previously enjoyed good relations, primarily due to the presence of the NewLabour Party as one of the Alliance's key members. NewLabour had been established by Jim Anderton, a former Labour MP who quit the party in protest over the economic reforms of Roger Douglas, which were often blamed for Labour's election loss in 1990. Gradually, as the Labour Party withdrew from Rogernomics, the Alliance (led by Anderton) reduced its hostility towards Labour, but it was not until shortly before the 1999 election that a formal understanding was reached regarding a possible left-wing coalition. This agreement was deemed a necessary step towards building a credible alternative to the National Party. This election was the first one in New Zealand's history where both main parties were led by women, being repeated again in the 2020 election. MPs retiring in 1999 Fifteen MPs intended to retire at the end of the 45th Parliament. Party Name ElectorateACT Derek Quigley (List) Patricia Schnauer (List) Alliance Pam Corkery (List) Independent Neil Kirton (List) Peter McCardle (List) Mauri Pacific Jack Elder (List) National John Banks Whangarei Bill Birch Port Waikato Christine Fletcher Epsom Doug Graham (List) Peter Gresham (List) Denis Marshall Rangitikei Roger Maxwell (List) Joy Quigley (List) Labour Mike Moore Waimakariri Larry Sutherland Christchurch East Outgoing parliament AffiliationIdeology Members At 1996 election At dissolution New Zealand National PartyLiberal conservatism 44 44New Zealand Labour PartySocial democracy 37 37 Alliance (New Zealand political party)Democratic socialism 13 9 Green Party of Aotearoa New ZealandEnvironmentalism 2 New Zealand FirstPopulism 17 9 ACT New ZealandClassical liberalism 8 8 Mauri PacificMulticulturalism – 5 Te TawharauMāori politics – 1 Mana Wahine Te Ira TangataMāori feminism – 1 United New ZealandChristian democracy 1 1 Christian Heritage Party of New ZealandChristian democracy – 1 Independent politician– – 2 Total 120120 http://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1996/ 1996 GENERAL ELECTION – OFFICIAL RESULTS AND STATISTICS www.electionresults.govt.nz 2018-05-11 Notes The Greens had contested the election under the Alliance banner, but split from the Alliance in 1997, remaining in their parliamentary faction. The election The election took place on 27 November. Less than 84.1% of the 2,509,365 people registered to vote turned out for the election. This was the lowest turnout for some time, although it would drop further in the 2002 election. A total of 679 candidates stood for electorate seats, representing 36 parties. Party lists comprised 760 candidates from 22 parties. The new government was sworn in on 10 December. In the election 965 candidates stood, and there were 22 registered parties with party lists. Of the candidates, 482 were electorate and list, 197 were electorate only, and 286 were list only. 67% of candidates (647) were male and 33% (318) female.The Baubles of Office: The New Zealand General Election of 2005 p87, edited by Stephen Levine & Nigel S Roberts (2007, Victoria University Press, Wellington) 978-0-86473-539-3New Zealand Votes: The General Election of 2002 p22 edited by Jonathan Boston, Stephen Church, Stephen Levine, Elizabeth McLeay & Nigel S. Roberts (2003, Victoria University Press, Wellington) 0-86473-468-9 Opinion polling Opinion polling for the 1999 New Zealand general election Results Labour Party won 49 seats in parliament. When combined with the ten seats won by the Alliance, the coalition was two seats short of an absolute majority. It was able to form a new government with support from the Green Party, which entered parliament for the first time as an independent party (having previously been a part of the Alliance). The Green Party's entry to parliament was by a narrow margin, however – in order to gain seats, it needed to either win 5% of the party vote or win an electorate seat, neither of which the party appeared likely to do. Helen Clark openly encouraged Labour supporters in the Coromandel to give their constituency vote to Green Party co-leader Jeanette Fitzsimons http://www.nzherald.co.nz/politics/news/article.cfm?c_id=280&objectid=16899 Key electorate: Coromandel 28 October 1999 The New Zealand Herald 24 December 2014 Bernard Orsman and their party vote to Labour.Left Turn: The New Zealand General Election of 1999 237 Victoria University Press 2000 9780864734044 However, when all special votes (that is, votes cast by people who were not able to attend a polling place in their electorate on the day of the election) were counted, the Greens had narrowly reached not one but both targets – Jeanette Fitzsimons won the electorate of Coromandel by 250 votes, and the party gained 5.16% of the vote. The National Party, while not performing exceptionally poorly, failed to gain enough support to keep it in power. It won 39 seats, ten fewer than the Labour Party. ACT New Zealand, a potential coalition partner for National, gained nine seats. While this was an increase on ACT's previous election results, it was not sufficient to enable the National Party to form a government. National's former coalition partner, New Zealand First, performed poorly, with voters punishing it for the problems in the last government. The party received less than 5% of the vote, and so would have been removed from parliament had Winston Peters not retained his electorate of Tauranga, something he did by only 63 votes. None of the MPs who deserted New Zealand First were returned to parliament. Detailed results Parliamentary parties Summary of the 27 November 1999 election for the House of Representatives https://archive.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1999/ 1999 GENERAL ELECTION – OFFICIAL RESULTS AND STATISTICS ElectionResults.govt.nz Electoral Commission 19 October 2020 15 September 2021 1 November 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20181101115644/http://archive.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1999/ dead | colspan=12 align=center| 300px |- style="text-align:center;" ! colspan=2 rowspan=2 style="width:213px;" | Party ! Colspan=3 | Party vote ! Colspan=3 | Electorate vote ! Colspan=4 | Seats |- style="text-align:center;" ! Votes ! % ! Change(pp) ! Votes ! % ! Change(pp) ! List ! Electorate ! Total ! +/- |- | New Zealand Labour Party | 800,199 | 38.74 | 10.55 | 854,736 | 41.75 | 10.67 | 8 | 41 | 49 | 12 |- | New Zealand National Party | 629,932 | 30.50 | 3.37 | 641,361 | 31.32 | 1.99 | 17 | 22 | 39 | 5 |- | Alliance (New Zealand political party) | 159,859 | 7.74 | 2.36 | 141,322 | 6.90 | 4.35 | 9 | 1 | 10 | 3 |- | ACT New Zealand | 145,493 | 7.04 | 0.94 | 92,445 | 4.52 | 0.77 | 9 | 0 | 9 | 1 |- | Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand | 106,560 | 5.16 | new | 86,157 | 4.21 | new | 6 | 1 | 7 | new |- | New Zealand First | 87,926 | 4.26 | 9.09 | 85,737 | 4.19 | 9.30 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 12 |- | United New Zealand | 11,065 | 0.54 | 0.34 | 22,467 | 1.10 | 0.97 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |- | Christian Heritage New Zealand | 49,154 | 2.38 | 1.95 | 44,885 | 2.19 | 0.19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |- | Future New Zealand | 23,033 | 1.12 | new | 19,289 | 0.94 | new | 0 | 0 | 0 | new |- | Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party | 22,687 | 1.10 | 0.56 | 6,519 | 0.32 | 0.15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |- |Libertarianz | 5,949 | 0.29 | 0.26 | — | — | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |- |Mana Māori Movement | 5,190 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 3,925 | 0.19 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |- |Mauri Pacific | 4,008 | 0.19 | new | 9,321 | 0.46 | new | 0 | 0 | 0 | new |- |Animals First | 3,244 | 0.17 | 0.01 | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | |- | McGillicuddy Serious Party | 3,191 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 3,633 | 0.18 | 0.32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |- |NZ South Island Party | 2,912 | 0.14 | new | 2,408 | 0.12 | new | 0 | 0 | 0 | new |- | Natural Law Party of New Zealand | 1,712 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 2,101 | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |- |One New Zealand Party | 1,311 | 0.06 | new | 267 | 0.01 | new | 0 | 0 | 0 | new |- |NMP (political party) | 936 | 0.05 | new | 688 | 0.03 | new | 0 | 0 | 0 | new |- | style="background-color:#EEE" | | style="text-align:left;" |Freedom Movement | 454 | 0.02 | new | 762 | 0.04 | new | 0 | 0 | 0 | new |- | style="background-color:#639" | | style="text-align:left;" |People's Choice | 387 | 0.02 | new | 154 | 0.01 | new | 0 | 0 | 0 | new |- | New Zealand Republican Party (1995) | 292 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 231 | 0.01 | | 0 | 0 | 0 | |- | style="background-color:#ffffff" | | style="text-align:left;" |Unregistered parties | — | — | — | 2,354 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |- | Independent (politician) | — | — | — | 23,004 | 1.12 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |- ! colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Valid votes ! 2,065,494 ! 97.10 ! 0.04 ! 2,047,473 ! 96.25 ! 0.31 ! Colspan=4 | |- | colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Informal votes | 19,887 | 0.93 | 0.55 | 37,908 | 1.78 | 0.90 | Colspan=4 | |- | colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Disallowed votes | 41,884 | 1.97 | 0.59 | 41,884 | 1.97 | 0.59 | Colspan=4 | |- ! colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Total ! 2,127,265 ! 100 ! ! 2,127,265 ! 100 ! ! 53 ! 67 ! 120 ! |- | colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Eligible voters and Turnout | 2,509,365 | 84.77 | 3.51 | 2,509,365 | 84.77 | 3.51 | Colspan=4 | |} In addition to the registered parties listed above, some groups participated in the election without submitting party lists. Many of these were unregistered parties, lacking the necessary membership numbers for submitting a party list. There were, however, three registered ones that did not, for whatever reason, submit a party list. In total, 14 parties nominated electorate candidates only. By number of votes received, the most significant parties to do this were Te Tawharau (registered), Mana Wahine Te Ira Tangata (registered), the Equal Rights Party (unregistered), the Piri Wiri Tua Movement (unregistered), and the Asia Pacific United Party (registered). None of these parties were successful. There were also 36 independent candidates, also unsuccessful. The Mauri Pacific Party, established by a group of defectors from New Zealand First, failed to place even second in the electorates they held. Te Tawharau, which held a seat in parliament thanks to another New Zealand First defector, failed to retain its seat. Votes summary Constituency Vote #ddd 600px 410px Labour New Zealand Labour Party 41.75 National New Zealand National Party 31.92 Alliance Alliance (New Zealand political party) 6.90 ACT ACT New Zealand 4.52 Green Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand 4.21 NZ First New Zealand First 4.19 Christian Heritage Christian Heritage Party of New Zealand 2.19 United NZ United New Zealand 1.10 Others #777777 3.22 Party Vote #ddd 600px 410px Labour New Zealand Labour Party 38.74 National New Zealand National Party 30.50 Alliance Alliance (New Zealand political party) 7.74 ACT ACT New Zealand 7.04 Green Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand 5.16 NZ First New Zealand First 4.26 Christian Heritage Christian Heritage Party of New Zealand 2.38 Future NZ Christian Democrat Party (New Zealand) 1.12 Legalise Cannabis Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party 1.10 United NZ United New Zealand 0.54 Others #777777 1.43 Parliament seats #ddd 600px 410px Labour New Zealand Labour Party 40.83 National New Zealand National Party 32.50 Alliance Alliance (New Zealand political party) 8.33 ACT ACT New Zealand 7.50 Green Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand 5.83 NZ First New Zealand First 4.17 United NZ United New Zealand 0.83 Electorate results thumb|left|596px|Party affiliation of winning electorate candidates. Of the 67 electorates in the 1999 election, a majority (41) were won by the opposition Labour Party. Included in Labour's total are the Maori seats, which it managed to regain after losing them to New Zealand First in the previous election. The governing National Party won 22 electorate seats, slightly less than a third of the total. Four minor parties managed to win electorate seats. This proved important for some – neither New Zealand First nor United would have entered parliament if not for Winston Peters and Peter Dunne retaining their seats. Jim Anderton also retained his seat. The Greens won their first electorate seat when Jeanette Fitzsimons took Coromandel, although since the Greens crossed the 5% threshold, this was of less importance than originally thought. The Greens were not to repeat an electorate win until the 2020 election, with Chloë Swarbrick's plurality in Auckland Central. The table below shows the results of the 1999 general election: Key New Zealand National PartyNew Zealand Labour PartyAlliance (New Zealand political party)Green Party of Aotearoa New ZealandACT New ZealandUnited New ZealandNew Zealand FirstAotearoa Legalise Cannabis PartyMauri PacificFuture New ZealandTe TawharauIndependent politician Electorate results of the 1999 New Zealand general electionCandidate Vote Details http://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1999/e9/html/e9_partVIII.html Electoral Commission 9 April 2014Winning Electorate Candidate Votes http://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1999/e9/html/e9_partVI.html Electoral Commission 28 June 2017 true |- |colspan=10 style="background-color:#FFDEAD" | General electorates |- Albany Murray McCully New Zealand National Party 4,948 Hamish McCracken New Zealand Labour Party Heather Ann McConachy Alliance (New Zealand political party) Aoraki Jim Sutton New Zealand Labour Party 7,139 Wayne F Marriott New Zealand National Party Lynley Simmons Alliance (New Zealand political party) Auckland Central Judith Tizard New Zealand Labour Party 5,285 Martin Poulsen New Zealand National Party Sandra Lee Alliance (New Zealand political party) Banks Peninsula David Carter New Zealand National Party Ruth Dyson New Zealand Labour Party 1,455 David Carter New Zealand National Party Maevis Watson Alliance (New Zealand political party) Bay of Plenty Tony Ryall New Zealand National Party 7,102 Terry Hughes New Zealand Labour Party Peter Brown New Zealand First Christchurch Central Tim Barnett New Zealand Labour Party 9,404 John Stringer New Zealand National Party Liz Gordon Alliance (New Zealand political party) Christchurch East Larry Sutherland New Zealand Labour Party Lianne Dalziel New Zealand Labour Party 11,162 John Knox New Zealand National Party Paul Piesse Alliance (New Zealand political party) Clutha-Southland true Bill English New Zealand National Party 6,401 Lesley Soper New Zealand Labour Party Dave Mackie New Zealand First Coromandel Murray McLean New Zealand National Party Jeanette Fitzsimons Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand 250 Murray McLean New Zealand National Party Margaret Hawkeswood New Zealand Labour Party Dunedin North Pete Hodgson New Zealand Labour Party 12,695 Katherine Rich New Zealand National Party Quentin Findlay Alliance (New Zealand political party) Dunedin South Michael Cullen New Zealand Labour Party David Benson-Pope New Zealand Labour Party 10,608 Russel Keast New Zealand National Party Mark Ryan Alliance (New Zealand political party) East Coast Janet Mackey New Zealand Labour Party 3,845 Matthew Parkinson New Zealand National Party Gavin MacLean Alliance (New Zealand political party) Epsom Christine Fletcher New Zealand National Party Richard Worth New Zealand National Party 1,908 Rodney Hide ACT New Zealand David Jacobs New Zealand Labour Party Hamilton East Tony Steel New Zealand National Party 692 Dianne Yates New Zealand Labour Party Peter Jamieson Alliance (New Zealand political party) Hamilton West Bob Simcock New Zealand National Party Martin Gallagher New Zealand Labour Party 1,629 Bob Simcock New Zealand National Party Dave Macpherson Alliance (New Zealand political party) Hunua Warren Kyd New Zealand National Party 5,195 Paul Schofield New Zealand Labour Party Janice Graham Alliance (New Zealand political party) Hutt South Trevor Mallard New Zealand Labour Party 8,885 Clare Radomske New Zealand National Party Christopher Milne ACT New Zealand Ilam Gerry Brownlee New Zealand National Party 6,792 Alison Wilkie New Zealand Labour Party Lois Griffiths Alliance (New Zealand political party) Invercargill Mark Peck New Zealand Labour Party 7,990 Eric Roy New Zealand National Party Stephnie de Ruyter Alliance (New Zealand political party) Kaikoura Doug Kidd New Zealand National Party Lynda Scott New Zealand National Party 1,486 Brian McNamara New Zealand Labour Party Ian Ewen-Street Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand Karapiro John Luxton New Zealand National Party Lindsay Tisch New Zealand National Party 5,216 Paul Cronin New Zealand Labour Party John Pemberton Alliance (New Zealand political party) Mana Graham Kelly New Zealand Labour Party 5,475 Mark Thomas New Zealand National Party Moira Ann Lawler Alliance (New Zealand political party) Māngere Taito Phillip Field New Zealand Labour Party 13,047 Sylvia Taylor New Zealand National Party Finau Kolo Alliance (New Zealand political party) Manukau East Ross Robertson New Zealand Labour Party 7,086 Ken Yee New Zealand National Party Charles Lowndes ACT New Zealand Manurewa George Hawkins New Zealand Labour Party 13,062 Enosa Auva'a New Zealand National Party Toia Lucas Alliance (New Zealand political party) Maungakiekie Belinda Vernon New Zealand National Party Mark Gosche New Zealand Labour Party 2,512 Belinda Vernon New Zealand National Party Matt Robson Alliance (New Zealand political party) Mount Albert Helen Clark New Zealand Labour Party 13,108 Noelene Buckland New Zealand National Party Jill Ovens Alliance (New Zealand political party) Mount Roskill Phil Goff New Zealand Labour Party 9,707 Phil Raffills New Zealand National Party Sarah Martin Alliance (New Zealand political party) Napier Geoff Braybrooke New Zealand Labour Party 11,863 Anne Tolley New Zealand National Party Robin Gwynn Alliance (New Zealand political party) Nelson Nick Smith New Zealand National Party 4,521 Simon Fraser New Zealand Labour Party Mary Ellen O'Connor Alliance (New Zealand political party) New Plymouth Harry Duynhoven New Zealand Labour Party 15,092 Len Jury New Zealand National Party Tom Smithers Future New Zealand North Shore Wayne Mapp New Zealand National Party 7,048 Helen Duncan New Zealand Labour Party Michael Pinkney ACT New Zealand Northcote Ian Revell New Zealand National Party Ann Hartley New Zealand Labour Party 278 Ian Revell New Zealand National Party Grant Gillon Alliance (New Zealand political party) Northland John Carter New Zealand National Party 5,454 Les Robertson New Zealand Labour Party Ian Walker New Zealand First Ohariu-Belmont Peter Dunne United New Zealand 12,557 Derek Best New Zealand Labour Party Kathryn Asare ACT New Zealand Otago Gavan Herlihy New Zealand National Party 2,367 Val Dearman New Zealand Labour Party Bill Holvey Alliance (New Zealand political party) Otaki Judy Keall New Zealand Labour Party 7,250 Roger Sowry New Zealand National Party Russell Franklin Alliance (New Zealand political party) Pakuranga Maurice Williamson New Zealand National Party 5,314 Patrick Hine New Zealand Labour Party Dick Quax ACT New Zealand Palmerston North Steve Maharey New Zealand Labour Party 13,153 George Halligan New Zealand National Party John Gerard Hehir Alliance (New Zealand political party) Port Waikato Bill Birch New Zealand National Party Paul Hutchison New Zealand National Party 13,153 Trish Ryan New Zealand Labour Party David Fowler Alliance (New Zealand political party) Rakaia Jenny Shipley New Zealand National Party 10,602 Diane Schurgers New Zealand Labour Party Annabel Taylor Alliance (New Zealand political party) Rangitikei Denis Marshall New Zealand National Party Simon Power New Zealand National Party 289 Craig Walsham New Zealand Labour Party Dion Martin Alliance (New Zealand political party) Rimutaka Paul Swain New Zealand Labour Party 8,374 Stuart Blair Roddick New Zealand National Party Brendan Tracey Alliance (New Zealand political party) Rodney Lockwood Smith New Zealand National Party 6,905 Mark Domney New Zealand Labour Party Jill Jeffs Independent politician Rongotai Annette King New Zealand Labour Party 12,928 Stuart Boag New Zealand National Party Richard Wernham Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand Rotorua Max Bradford New Zealand National Party Steve Chadwick New Zealand Labour Party 4,978 Max Bradford New Zealand National Party Lynne Dempsey Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand Tamaki Clem Simich New Zealand National Party 4,911 Lynne Pillay New Zealand Labour Party Alex Swney ACT New Zealand Taranaki-King Country Shane Ardern New Zealand National Party 6,510 John Young New Zealand Labour Party Kevin Campbell Alliance (New Zealand political party) Taupo Mark Burton New Zealand Labour Party 3,578 David Steele New Zealand National Party Nick Fisher Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand Tauranga Winston Peters New Zealand First 63 Katherine O'Regan New Zealand National Party Margaret Wilson New Zealand Labour Party Te Atatu Chris Carter New Zealand Labour Party 9,262 Vanessa Neeson New Zealand National Party Laila Harré Alliance (New Zealand political party) Titirangi David Cunliffe New Zealand Labour Party 5,800 Marie Hasler New Zealand National Party Stephen Abel Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand Tukituki Rick Barker New Zealand Labour Party 8,646 Larry White New Zealand National Party John Ormond ACT New Zealand Waimakariri Mike Moore New Zealand Labour Party Clayton Cosgrove New Zealand Labour Party 1,141 Gideon Couper New Zealand National Party John Wright Alliance (New Zealand political party) Wairarapa Wyatt Creech New Zealand National Party Georgina Beyer New Zealand Labour Party 3,033 Paul Henry New Zealand National Party Cathy Casey Alliance (New Zealand political party) Waitakere Marie Hasler New Zealand National Party Brian Neeson New Zealand National Party 4,056 Jonathan Hunt New Zealand Labour Party David Clendon Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand Wellington Central Richard Prebble ACT New Zealand Marian Hobbs New Zealand Labour Party 1,482 Richard Prebble ACT New Zealand Michael Appleby Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party West Coast-Tasman Damien O'Connor New Zealand Labour Party 7,378 Rod O'Beirne New Zealand National Party Pat O'Dea New Zealand First Whanganui Jill Pettis New Zealand Labour Party 3,155 Chester Borrows New Zealand National Party Mark Middleton Independent politician Whangarei John Banks New Zealand National Party Phil Heatley New Zealand National Party 1,934 Denise Jelicich New Zealand Labour Party Brian Donnelly New Zealand First Wigram Jim Anderton Alliance (New Zealand political party) 9,885 Angus McKay New Zealand National Party Mike Mora New Zealand Labour Party |- |colspan=10 style="background-color:#FFDEAD" | Māori electorates |- Hauraki Maori John Tamihere New Zealand Labour Party 7,238 Josie Anderson New Zealand First Willie Jackson Alliance (New Zealand political party) |- Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Parekura Horomia New Zealand Labour Party 695 Derek Fox Independent politician Bill Gudgeon New Zealand First Te Tai Hauāuru Tuku Morgan Mauri Pacific Nanaia Mahuta New Zealand Labour Party 6,233 Lorraine Anderson New Zealand First Tuku Morgan Mauri Pacific Te Tai Tokerau Tau Henare Mauri Pacific Dover Samuels New Zealand Labour Party 5,692 Anaru George New Zealand First Tau Henare Mauri Pacific Te Tai Tonga Tu Wyllie New Zealand First Mahara Okeroa New Zealand Labour Party 4,522 Tu Wyllie New Zealand First Vern Winitana Alliance (New Zealand political party) Waiariki Mita Ririnui New Zealand Labour Party 4,369 Tuariki Delamere Te Tawharau Arapeta Tahana Alliance (New Zealand political party) |} List results Party lists in the 1999 New Zealand general election thumb|left|596px|Highest polling party in each electorate. MPs returned via party lists, and unsuccessful candidates, were as follows:Party Lists of Successful Registered Parties http://archive.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1999/e9/html/e9_partIII_1.html Electoral Commission 26 August 2013 7 April 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170407083914/http://archive.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1999/e9/html/e9_partIII_1.html dead Party Lists of Unsuccessful Registered Parties http://archive.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1999/e9/html/e9_partIII_2.html Electoral Commission 26 August 2013 14 January 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150114185907/http://archive.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_1999/e9/html/e9_partIII_2.html dead LabourMichael CullenJonathan HuntMargaret WilsonTariana TuriaDianne YatesHelen DuncanJoe HawkeLuamanuvao Winnie LabanUnsuccessful: Lynne Pillay, John Blincoe, George Eru, Lili Tuioti, Ashraf Choudhary, Brenda Lowe-Johnson, Lesley Soper, Gordon Duncan, Denise Jelicich, Warren Lindberg, Derek Best, Josie Karanga, Tuipola Eva Charlton, Terry Hughes, Lindsay Rea, Glen Cameron, Kenneth Barclay, Margaret Hawkeswood, Tapihana Shelford, Hamish McCracken, Val Dearman, David Shearer, Lynette Stutz, Max Purnell, Yani JohansonNationalWyatt CreechDon McKinnon2Georgina te HeuheuRoger SowryBelinda VernonPansy WongSimon Upton2John LuxtonMax BradfordDoug KiddAnnabel YoungEric RoyAnne TolleyDavid CarterBob SimcockKatherine RichMarie HaslerUnsuccessful: Arthur Anae1, Alec Neill1, Katherine O'Regan, Mark Thomas, Phil Raffills, Kerry Prendergast, Martin Poulson, David Steele, Dale Stephens, Angus McKay, Paul Henry, Chester Borrows, George Ngatai, Enosa Auva'a, Bret Bestic, Rod O'Beirne, Wayne Marriott, Stephen Rainbow, Tim Macindoe, George Kahi, Larry White, Ken Yee, Matthew Parkinson, Dawn Honeybun, George Halligan, Grant McCallum, Peggy Burrows, Toni Millar, Noelene Buckland, Stuart BoagAllianceSandra LeeMatt RobsonJohn WrightPhillida BunkleLaila HarréGrant GillonLiz GordonWillie JacksonKevin CampbellUnsuccessful: Mark Ryan, Heather Ann McConachy, Des Ratima, Dave Macpherson, Gerard Hehir, Moira Ann Lawler, Finau Kolo, Trevor Lance Barnard, Tricia Cutforth, Tekarehana Wicks, Robin Gwynn, Stephnie de Ruyter, Vernon Tile, Vern Winitana, Sarah Martin, Brendan Tracey, Cathy Casey, Jill Ovens, Deborah Frederikse, Tony Bird, Rebecca Matthews, Mary Ellen O'Connor, Gavin Maclean, Dion Martin, Evana Belich, Michael Treen, John Pemberton, Peter Jamieson, David Wilson, Donna Pokere-Phillips, Harry Alchin-Smith, Bonnie Johnstone, Janice Graham, Joseph Te Pare, Anna Sutherland, Lois Griffiths, Quentin Findlay, Peter Conrad Romanovsky, Gordon Parr, Lynley Simmons, Wayne Morris, Maevis Watson, Lindsay Mehrtens, John Neill, Bruce Bennett Holm, Pirihira Kaio, Paul Piesse, Bill Mockridge, Patrick RooneyACTRichard PrebbleKen ShirleyStephen FranksDonna Awatere HuataRodney HideOwen JenningsMuriel NewmanPenny WebsterGerry EckhoffUnsuccessful: Heather Roy, Dick Quax, Kathryn Asare, Max Whitehead, Andrew Davies, Hilary Calvert, Alex Wong, Nigel Mattison, Bruce Howat, Mike Steeneveld, Coral Wong, John Ormond, Charles Lowndes, Christopher Milne, Angus Ogilvie, Michael Coote, Brett Ambler, Vijaya Charan, Katharine Sillars, Matt McInnes, Lech Beltowski, Alex Swney, Ian Carline, Moira Irving, Daniel King, Richard Cox, John Thompson, Paul King, Reg Turner, Graham Hewett, John Morrison, Malcolm Spark, Glen Cowie, Alan Beecham, Dean Richardson, Alan Wood, Willie Martin, Ian Swan, Andrew Power, Lynne Cook, Lynley McKerrow, Gavin Denby, Barbara Steinijans, Ria Gray-Lock, Morris Hey, Jean Thompson, Paul Booth, Trevor West, Men Chandler, John Peters, Darryl Ward, Wayne Harris, Stephen Kidby, William Tripe, Kati Unuia, Garry MallettGreensRod DonaldIan Ewen-StreetSue BradfordNándor TánczosSue KedgleyKeith LockeUnsuccessful: Mike Ward, Janine McVeagh, Richard Davies, Judy Bischoff, Danna Glendining, Janet McVeagh, Caron Zillwood, Evan Alty, Michael Tritt, Rex Verity, Laurence Boomert, David Clendon, Brendan Hoare, Lynne Dempsey, Frankie Dean, Diana Pennel, Don Murray, Diana Mellor, Angie Denby, Stephen Abel, Craig Potton, Celia Wade-Brown, Toni Atkinson, Karen Summerhays, Jeremy Hall, Deb Harding, Ruth Gardner, Pat McNamara, Wayne Parsonson, Pid Direen, Clive Taylor, Bera MacClement, Cliff Mason, Dianne Gillard, Rich Wernham, James Baynton, Craig Carson, Jane Wells, Chris Marshall, David Rose, Robert Cawte, Olive Gallagher, Chris Hay, John Carapiet, Nick Fisher, Jim Valley, Greg SawyerNew Zealand FirstPeter BrownBrian DonnellyRon MarkDoug WoolertonUnsuccessful: Ian Walker, Suzanne Bruce, Andrew Gin, Josie Anderson, Gilbert Myles, Jonathan Mosen, Kahukore Baker, Chris Comesky, Allan Wise, Rob Harris, David Fowler, Chris Rivers, Pat O'Dea, Pita Paraone, Robyn McDonald, Bill Woods, Jenny Bloxham, Graham Adams, Dave Mackie, Bill Gudgeon, Anaru George, Robert Dixon, Gordon Stewart, Anne Martin, Brent Catchpole, Charles Crofts, Lorraine Anderson, John Ballantyne, Jerry Hohepa, Joy Brett, Dilip Rupa, Edwin Perry, Raymond Hina, Dawn Mullins, Mae NeumanChristian HeritageUnsuccessful: Graham Capill, Philip Sherry, Ewen McQueen, Gael Donoghue, John Bryant, Frank Grover, Rosemarie Thomas, Vic Jarvis, Tuhi Vahaakolo, Dick Holland, David Parlour, Grant Bradfield, Rosemary Francis, Barrie Paterson, Chris Salt, Helma Vermeulen, Nick Barber, Robin Corner, Mike Lloyd, Madeleine Flannagan, Max Shierlaw, McGregor Simpson, Geoff Francis, Jim Prime, Mary Paki, Mark Munroe, Derek Blight, Judith Phillips, Renton Maclachlan, Mike Ferguson, Rod Harris, David Simpkin, John Tonson, Steve Williams, Margaret Burgess, Barry Pepperell, Marin Reid, Uaita Levi, Eleanor Goodall, Richard Rangihuna, Leona Emberson-Ready, Joyce Stevens, Ken Moore, Ross Prichard, Tony Corbett, Ned Jack, Mark Jones, Don Moore, Gavin Hockly, Diane Taylor, Russell Zwies, Steve Panapa, Bob Davis, Tony Brebner, Mary-Anne Gladwell, John van der Zee, Ken Andrew, Murray Pirret, Jeannette Shramka, Grant Peck, Hasko Starrenberg, Victor Grubi, David Harris, John StreekstraFuture New ZealandUnsuccessful: Anthony Walton, David Brown, Murray Smith, Geoffrey Hounsell, Grant Bowater, Kanui Hiha, Daryl Gregory, Kevin Harper, Larry Baldock, Yvonne Palmer, Robert Wheeler, Harold Smithers, David Ogden, Judy Turner, Wayne Chapman, Julie Belding, Walter McGrail, Jason Keiller, Linda Dring, Craig Hunt, Win Murray, David Perkin, Tiwha Blake, Rosemary Drake, Martyn SeddonLegalise CannabisUnsuccessful: Michael Appleby, Allan Webb, Kevin O'Connell, David Moore, Jeanette Saxby, Caleb Armstrong, Paul McMullan, Brian Jensen, Mike Britnell, Daya Moy, Kerry Gooch, Evelyn Adele Shingleton, Teresa Aporo, Christine Mitchell, Daniel Hovell, Benjamin Clark, Riki JoyceUnitedUnsuccessful: Mike Sheppard, Aditya Prakash Kashyap, Ram Prakash, Jim Howard, Kim Woon, Graham Butterworth, Kookie Samin, Rehana Qureshi, Colin Jackson, Steven Bright, Maata Fuimaono, Frank Owen, Gray Phillips, Bryan Mockridge, John Hubscher, Kent Clark, Youssuf Qureshi, Murray Callister, Atiqur Rahman, Pathik Vyas, Seyed HosseniLibertarianzUnsuccessful: Lindsay Perigo, Richard McGrath, Deborah Coddington, Bernard Darnton, Tina White, Peter Linton, Larry Timberlake, Sally O'Brien, Julian Darby, Chris Lewis, Peter Cresswell, Paul McDonald, Anna Woolf, Joy Faulkner, Robert Winefield, Scott Alsweiler, Keith Patterson, Andrew Couper, Robert White, Andrew Bates, Michael Murphy, Mark McCombe, Nikolas Haden, Chris Robertson, Mike Webber, Richard Wiig, Russell Watkins, Helen Hughes, Derek Bull, Ken RiddleMana MaoriUnsuccessful: Tame Iti, Tuariki Delamere, Angeline Greensill, Richard Kake, Tunuirangi McLean, Tracey Hancy, Ken Mair, Anton Kerekere, Jesse Pene, Mereana Pitman, David Edmonds, Henare Morehu, Te Miringa Hohaia, Gareth Seymour, Himenoa Kake, Tania Rauna, Ellen Amohanga, Diane Prince, Anthony Moke, Lai Toy, Nigel Tairua, Ngahapeaparatuae Lomax, Julie Nathan, Harata Jane Paul, Tehurihanga Heihei, Rangimarie Harding, Wiremu Tairua, Tiare ParaMauri PacificUnsuccessful: Tau Henare, Tuku Morgan, Peta Si'ulepa, Rana Waitai, Ann Batten, Te Orohi Paul, Atawhai Tibble, Amokura Huia Panoho, Rovina Anderson, Eric Chuah, Danny Turia, Rajesh Masters, Martin Kaipo, Helen Akhtari, Trieste Te Awe Awe, Sharon Faloon, Rayna Waitai, Fa'amatuainu Iakopo, Laura Mason, Richard Waitai, Kelly Waitai, Api MaluAnimals FirstUnsuccessful: Alistar McKellow, Adrienne Hall, Susan Walker, Terri Walsh, Bettina Brown, Brenda Walker, Janice Strong, Jan Cumming, Peter Crosse, Neville LynchMcGillicuddy SeriousUnsuccessful: Graeme Cairns, Leanne Ireland, Steve Richards, Rodney Hansen, K T Julian, Val Smith, Peter Caldwell, Greg Smith, Donna Demente, Paul Smith, Robyn West, Adrian Holroyd, Johanna Sanders, Cecil G. Murgatroyd, Penny Bousfield, Grant Knowles, Heidi Borchardt, Paull Cooke, Amy Ross, Rebekah Coogan, Derek Craig, Douglas Mackie, Mark Servian, Bernard Smith, Paul Beere, Worik Turei Stanton, Metiria Stanton Turei, Phil Clayton, Megan Seawright, Timothy Owens, Antony Deaker, Colin Howie, Adrienne Carthew, Jonat Wharton, Paula Hudson, Helen Thornton, Amy MacDonald, David McGregor, Fiona Jack, Michael-Garnet Grimmett, Kerry Hoole, Toni-Ann Alsop, D J Howard, John Creser, Maria McMillan, Jane Hakaria, Catherine Wilson, Ara Nokomis, Dale Taylor, Wendy Clesse, Jeffrey Holdaway, Tricesta Engebretsen, Phillip Sandlant, Robyn Homes, Ross Edgar, Serena Moran, Emma Smith, Nikki Davis, Andrew French, David Sutcliffe, Daniel Mohr, Michael Gemmel, Samuel Cumming, Karl HewlettSouth IslandUnsuccessful: Allan McDonald, Patrick McCarrigan, Margaret McCarrigan, Miles Notman, Gerry Campbell, Joe Price, Paul MierzejewskiNatural LawUnsuccessful: Bryan Lee, Ian Douglas, David Lovell-Smith, Gillian Sanson, John Cleary, Graeme Lodge, Gray Tredwell, Bruce Brown, Anthony Martin, Selwyn Austin, Gail Pianta, John Hodgson, Linda Davy, Mark Watts, Paul Moreham, Raymond Cain, Anthony Katavich, John Bird, Raylene Lodge, Ian Smillie, Tim Irwin, Linda Sinden, Michael Hirst, Daniel Meares, Warwick Jones, Bruce Sowry, Wayne Shepherd, Gary Benner, Martin Jelley, Jonathan Muller, Leslie McGrath, Anthony Cornellissen, Russell Mack, Carolyn Drake, Thomas Hopwood, Andrew Sanderson, Ian McCullough, Kay Morgan, Martin Sharp, Bobbie Aubertin, Gilbert Urquhart, Mieke van Basten Batenburg, Leigh Bush, Michael Bartelmeh, Faye McLaren, Grant Bilyard, Brendan Rhodes, Anne Brigid, Roy Neumegen, Ruth Ordish-Benner, Gary Barnard, Lillian UrquhartOne New ZealandUnsuccessful: Walter BoydNMPUnsuccessful: Vivienne Berry-Evans, Peter Harrison, Pauline Hallows, Cecil Andrew da Latour, Edwina Chmielowski, Graham Mark Atkin, Llyn Renwick, Darag Stuart Rennie, Alison White, Aaziq Mumtaz, Sue Johnstom, Brett K Gifkins, Isabel Montgomery, Peter Archer, Isabel Hutchinson, Alfred James Mitchell, David Pattinson, John Sulu Tau Shepherd, Anthony Phillip CranstonFreedom MovementUnsuccessful: Jennifer Waitai-Rapana, Lei Graham, Kororia Ettie Rawinia Aperahama, Miiria Macushla Mako, Helen Te Uruiria Wepiha-Tai, Atareta Kapa Hills, Arahi R Hagger, Priscilla Ann Maxwell, Trevor Sorenson, Kevin Leonard Kapea, Taukiri Abraham, Te Rino Kotene Rapana, Mereana Pari, Myna Yvonne Rangiamohia Paraha-Richmond, Chrissie B Zurcher, Carol Grace Arnold, Whare Ngarare Mehana, Hone Hamiora Piripi Paki, Annette Christine Paki, Wiremu Abraham, Donna Louise Plumridge, Jaaron Turei Moore, Florence Plumridge, Whetu-Ote-Ata Aranui, Okeroa Denise Waitai, Tutere Tai, William Ernest Abraham, Mary-Anne Waitai, Te Wairangi (Lavinia) Pere, Michelle Ngauta Wroe, Bill Nathan Piriwiritua Thompson, Te Kura (Edward) Pairama, Jared Steve Abbot, Catherine Chisholm, Vanessa Tewaa Rangitakatu, Te Aira Nyman, John Haki Huia, Maraea Mere Hapi-Crowe, Kim Sonia Maxwell, Tina Mouri Johnston-DownsPeoples ChoiceUnsuccessful: Rusty Kane, Doug WilsonRepublicanUnsuccessful: Gregory H Smith, Brian Freeth, Graham Gilfillan, Jane Hotere, Sam Mendes, Rose Hotere, William Powell Notes These party list members later entered parliament in the term as other list MPs elected resigned from parliament. These party list members later resigned during the parliamentary term. Summary of seat changes Electoral redistributions: A minor reconfiguration of electorates and their boundaries occurred between the 1996 and 1999 elections. Six seats were abolished and eight were created, giving a net gain of two electorates. The seats of Mahia, New Lynn, Owairaka, Waipareira, Te Tai Rawhiti (Maori) and Te Puku O Te Whenua (Maori) ceased to exist. The seats of East Coast, Mt Albert, Mt Roskill, Te Atatu, Titirangi, Hauraki (Maori), Ikaroa-Rawhiti (Maori) and Waiariki (Maori) came into being. Seats captured: By Labour: Banks Peninsula, Hamilton West, Maungakiekie, Northcote, Rotorua and Wairarapa were captured from National. Te Tai Hauauru and Te Tai Tokerau were captured from Mauri Pacific. Wellington Central was captured from ACT. Te Tai Tonga was captured from New Zealand First. By the Greens: Coromandel was captured from National. Seats transferred from departing MPs to new MPs: Epsom, Kaikoura, Karapiro, Port Waikato, Rangitikei, Waitakere and Whangarei, all held by departing National MPs, were won by new National candidates. Two of the departing MPs remained in Parliament as list MPs, and another won a different electorate seat. The seats of Mana, Dunedin South and Waimakariri, all held by departing Labour MPs, were won by new Labour candidates. One of the departing MPs remained in Parliament as a list MP. Labour list seats: Lost 3 (was 11, fell to 8) Became electorate MPs: 7 Re-elected: 5 Newly elected: 3 (including a former electorate MP) National list seats: Gained 3 (was 14, rose to 17) Retired: 4 Re-elected: 6 Not re-elected: 3 Newly elected: 11 (including 9 former electorate MPs) Alliance list seats: Lost 2 (was 11, fell to 9) Re-elected: 9 (Became Green MPs: 2) ACT list seats: Gained 2 (was 7, rose to 9) Retired: 2 Re-elected: 5 Newly elected: 4 (including a former electorate MP) Green list seats: Gained 6 (was 0, rose to 6) (Former Alliance list MPs: 2) Became electorate MP: 1 Re-elected: 1 Newly elected: 5 New Zealand First list seats: Lost 3 (was 7, fell to 4) Re-elected: 4 Not re-elected: 3 Christian Heritage list seats: Lost 1 (was 1, fell to 0) Not re-elected: 1 Mauri Pacific list seats: Lost 2 (was 2, fell to 0) Not re-elected: 2 Mana Wahine list seats: Lost 1 (was 1, fell to 0) Not re-elected: 1 Post-election events The result in the Tauranga electorate was an extremely close three way race. New Zealand First leader Winston Peters beat National candidate Katherine O'Regan in a close race with Labour's Margaret Wilson in third. Labour sought a judicial recount; since New Zealand First won less than five percent of the party vote they would have been ejected from Parliament if Peters lost his electorate (allowing Labour to govern solely with the Alliance and not needing the Greens). Peters criticised the recount as a waste of money.Victoria Main Peters slams decision to seek recount in Tauranga The Dominion 14 December 1999 2 The recount resulted in Peters' majority increasing by one vote from 62 to 63.Nick Venter Tauranga recount gives one more vote to Peters The Dominion 16 December 1999 2 A by-election to the Wellington City Council was caused after Eastern Ward councillor Sue Kedgley resigned her seat after she was elected a List MP for the Green Party, necessitating a by-election to fill the council vacancy. The by-election was won by Ray Ahipene-Mercer.The Dominion 7 Environmentalist wins council by-election 1 May 2000 Notes nb References Further reading Victoria University Press 0864734042 Boston Jonathan Church Stephen Levine Stephen McLeay Elizabeth Roberts Nigel S. Left turn: the New Zealand general election of 1999 Wellington 2000 External links Chief Electoral Office report New Zealand Election Survey results for 1999 Category:November 1999 in Oceania