.38 Long Colt

Revolver cartridge June 2026 June 2013 .38 Long Colt 38 long colt.jpg 200px United States Revolver 1892–1909 United States Army Colt Colt 1875 .38 Short Colt Rimmed, straight .357 .381 .381 .445 .060 1.031 1.360 in (34.54 mm) 13000 CIP 125 LRN 772 165 150 LRN 777 201 Hodgdon Reloading Data Centerhttp://www.hodgdonreloading.com/data/pistol Hodgdon Reloading Data Center February 17, 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190218081829/http://www.hodgdonreloading.com/data/pistol February 18, 2019 live mdy-all The .38 Long Colt, also known as .38 LC, is a black powder centerfire cartridge introduced by Colt's Manufacturing Company in 1875. In 1892, it was adopted as a standard military pistol cartridge by the United States Army for the Colt M1892 revolver. The metric designation for the .38 Long Colt is 9.1×26mm. It is slightly more powerful than the .38 Short Colt, also known as .38 SC. The original .38 SC and .38 LC differ in case length, bullet diameter, weight, and design and are not interchangeable; however, modern production .38 SC ammunition is now loaded with a smaller, internally-lubricated bullet which can be fired from firearms chambered in .38 LC or .38 Special. The modern .38 LC can be fired from a .38 Special firearm, but not from a firearm designed for the .38 SC, since the case length is too long.The Other .38's: Short, Long and Everything in Between https://www.guns.com/news/2011/08/25/the-other-38s-short-long-and-everything-in-between 2020-11-25 Guns.com en April 20, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210420155732/https://www.guns.com/news/2011/08/25/the-other-38s-short-long-and-everything-in-between dead Design and ballistics thumb|left|Diagram of .38 Long Colt U.S. Army "ball cartridge", with dimensions in inches. The .38 Long Colt's predecessor, the .38 Short Colt, used a heeled bullet of 130 gr g at a nominal 770 ft/s m/s on, producing 165 ft·lbf J on muzzle energy. The cylindrical "shank" or "bearing surface" of the bullet, just in front of the cartridge case mouth, was .374 or .375 in mm 2 on in diameter, the same as the outside diameter of the cartridge case (as in .22 rimfire cartridges). A smaller-diameter portion of the bullet, the "heel", was crimped inside the case mouth, and the lubricant was outside the case, and exposed.This practice evolved as a way to convert cap-and-ball .36 caliber Navy revolvers, which had cylindrical or single-diameter "charge holes", or firing chambers, into cartridge arms. In contrast, the .38 Long Colt uses a bullet which on the outside of the cartridge case is only .357 – .358 in mm 2 on, the bearing surface and lubricant being entirely contained within the case. This kept the waxy lubricant from collecting grit which can damage the revolver's barrel. Colt, however, retained the single-diameter charge hole, resulting in the bullet failing to form a seal as it traveled through the chamber throat. This seal was expected to cause the bullet to expand in the throat and be "swaged down", or reduced again in diameter, as it entered the barrel, but uneven expansion produced poor accuracy. In the United States Army's original black-powder cartridge used by the Colt M1892 revolver, muzzle velocity from the revolver's 6 in mm mid -long barrel with bore diameter .363 in mm on (.369 in mm on groove diameter) was 708 ft/s m/s on with a bullet weighing 150 gr g,U.S. Army Ordnance Department (1893), pp. 236 and 241 resulting in a muzzle energy of 167 ft.lbf J on. In 1903, the Army changed its cartridge to smokeless powder and slightly tightened the revolver's bore to .357 in mm on (.363 in mm on groove diameter); the new muzzle velocity was 750 ft/s m/s on with a bullet of 148 gr g,U.S. Army Ordnance Department (1917), pp. 11–12 giving a muzzle energy of 185 ft.lbf J on. History and usage The cartridge's relatively poor ballistics were highlighted during the Philippine–American War of 1899–1902, when reports from U.S. Army officers were received regarding the .38 bullet's inability to stop charges of frenzied Moro juramentados during the Moro Rebellion, even at extremely close ranges.DK Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor https://books.google.com/books?id=Px5E3EIF5jQC&pg=PA290 October 2, 2006 DK Publishing 978-0-7566-4219-8 290Green Muse Writers Collective, The Keep Calm Carry on: A Survival Guide https://books.google.com/books?id=auxpWQox1j8C&pg=PA138 December 2008 iUniverse 978-1-4401-0249-3 138https://www.manilatimes.net/juramentados-and-the-development-of-the-colt-45-caliber-model-1911/107609/ Juramentados and the development of the Colt .45 caliber Model 1911 The Manila Times June 29, 2014http://www.bagongkasaysayan.org/saliksik/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/13-Artikulo-Lasco.pdf Ang "Kalibre 45" At Ang Pakikibaka Ng Mga Mandirigmang Pilipino tl August 26, 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20161009151138/http://www.bagongkasaysayan.org/saliksik/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/13-Artikulo-Lasco.pdf October 9, 2016 dead mdy-all A typical instance occurred in 1905 and was later recounted by Colonel Louis A. LaGarde: Antonio Caspi, a prisoner on the island of Samar, P.I. attempted escape on Oct. 26, 1905. He was shot four times at close range in a hand-to-hand encounter by a .38 Colt's revolver loaded with U.S. Army regulation ammunition. He was finally stunned by a blow on the forehead from the butt end of a Springfield carbine.James, Garry, Colt New Army & Navy Revolver https://web.archive.org/web/20100704100901/http://www.handgunsmag.com/featured_handguns/hg_coltrev_200803/index2.html July 4, 2010, Handguns Magazine Col. LaGarde noted Caspi's wounds were fairly well-placed: three bullets entered the chest, perforating the lungs. One passed through the body, one lodged near the back and the other lodged in subcutaneous tissue. The fourth round went through the right hand and exited through the forearm.James, Garry. Colt New Army & Navy Revolver As an emergency response to the round's unexpectedly dismal performance, the U.S. Army authorized officers to carry M1873 Colt Single Action Army revolvers, chambered in .45 Colt, and issued from reserve stocks. Army Ordnance also purchased a number of M1902 revolvers (the M1902 was an improved version of Colt's Double Action Army Model 1878, a .45-caliber rod-ejector double-action revolver) for issue to officers deploying overseas. The .38 Long Colt remained the Army's primary revolver cartridge until 1909, when the .45 M1909 cartridgeThis was essentially a military variant of the .45 Colt cartridge with a slightly enlarged case rim designed to aid extraction over that of the .45 M1877 Military Ball Cartridge previously issued by the Army. was issued along with the .45 Colt New Service revolver as the new standard military sidearm for the U.S. Army. However, some of the old .38 Long Colt revolvers and ammunition remained in reserve stocks, and when the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, the need for sidearms was such that even these low-performing weapons were brought out of storage for usage away from the front lines. In civilian use, the .38 LC was chambered in a number of Colt revolvers and saw some use among target shooters. Various U.S. police forces also adopted the cartridge. However, the cartridge became nearly extinct after Smith & Wesson's more powerful .38 Special cartridge became widely popular as a civilian and police service cartridge. By 1908, even Colt was chambering their new Police Positive and Army Special revolvers in ".38 Colt Special", which was just a standard .38 Smith & Wesson Special with a different headstamp.https://www.shootingtimes.com/editorial/handgun_reviews_coltp_083106/99264 Colt's Official Police Revolver Paul Scarlata Shooting Times January 3, 2011http://www.coltfever.com/Army_Special.html Army Special coltfever.com May 22, 2020 June 12, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200612172258/http://www.coltfever.com/Army_Special.html dead See also 9 mm caliber Table of handgun and rifle cartridges Notes Sources U.S. Army Ordnance Department United States Army Ordnance Corps Annual Report of the Chief of Ordnance to the Secretary of War for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1893 Appendix 13: Description of Colt's Double-Action Revolver, Army Model 1892, with Rules for Management, Memoranda of Trajectory, and Description of Ammunition 1893 U.S. Government Printing Office Washington 2027/uc1.b2979331 https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b2979331?urlappend=%3Bseq=243 Official U.S. Army description of the original Army Model 1892 revolver, including its .38 Long Colt ammunition. U.S. Army Ordnance Department United States Army Ordnance Corps Description of the Colt's Double-Action Revolver, Caliber .38, with Rules for Management, Memoranda of Trajectory, and Description of Ammunition 1917 U.S. Government Printing Office Washington 2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t0js9k657 Revised U.S. Army description of the M1892 series of revolvers and their .38 Long Colt ammunition. (Note this description has an updated cartridge and higher muzzle velocity, but the other ballistics and trajectory data values are unchanged from the 1893 description and must be considered as only approximate for the newer revolvers and cartridges.) References 30em External links Ballistics By The Inch .38 Long Colt Results. 38 Long Colt Category:Colt cartridges