1993 Atlantic hurricane season

none February 2012 Atl 1993 1993 Atlantic hurricane season summary.png May 31, 1993 September 30, 1993 Emily 960 100 1 10 8 4 1 39 > 322.3 382 total Timeline of the 1993 Atlantic hurricane season 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 1993 Pacific typhoon season 1993 Pacific hurricane season 1993 North Indian Ocean cyclone season The 1993 Atlantic hurricane season was a below average, yet deadly Atlantic hurricane season, mainly due to Tropical Storm Bret and Hurricane Gert. The season produced ten tropical cyclones, eight tropical storms, four hurricanes, and one major hurricane. It officially started on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally delimit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic Ocean. The first tropical cyclone, Tropical Depression One, developed on May 31, while the final storm, Tropical Depression Ten, dissipated on September 30, well before the average dissipation date of a season's last tropical cyclone; this represented the earliest end to the hurricane season in ten years. The most intense hurricane, Emily, was a Category 3 on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale that paralleled close to the North Carolina coastline causing minor damage and a few deaths before moving out to sea. The most destructive named storm of the season was Hurricane Gert, a tropical cyclone that devastated several countries in Central America and Mexico. Throughout the impact areas, damage totaled to $170 million (1993 USD)All damage figures are in 1993 USD, unless otherwise noted "nb" and 102 fatalities were reported. The remnants of Gert reached the Pacific Ocean and was classified as Tropical Depression Fourteen-E. The deadliest system was Tropical Storm Bret, which resulted in 184 deaths, in addition to causing $25 million in losses as it tracked generally westward across Trinidad, Venezuela, Colombia, and Nicaragua. In the Pacific Ocean, the remnants of Bret were attributed to the development of Hurricane Greg. Three other tropical cyclones brought minor to moderate effects on land; they were Tropical Depression One and Tropical Storms Arlene and Cindy. The storms of the 1993 Atlantic hurricane season collectively caused 382 fatalities and $322.3 million in losses. __TOC__ Seasonal forecasts +Predictions of tropical activity in the 1993 seasonSourceDateNamedstormsHurricanesMajorhurricanesRefCSU December 1992 11 6 3 CSU April 16 11 6 3 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=SnUjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=G6YEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4212,4749623&dq=gray+1993+hurricane+season&hl=en Expert Predicts Three Severe Hurricanes in 1993 April 17, 1993 Associated Press The Tuscaloosa News December 24, 2012WRC Early 1993 7 5 N/A http://www.wxresearch.com/outlook/2008wrcvsco.pdf Comparison of Weather Research Center's [WRC] OCSI Atlantic Annual Seasonal Hurricane Forecasts with Colorado State Professor Bill Gray's Seasonal Forecasts Jill Hasling May 1, 2008 Weather Research Center December 24, 2012 July 18, 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20110718124747/http://www.wxresearch.com/outlook/2008wrcvsco.pdf deadCSU June 11 7 3 CSU August 11 6 3 Record high activity 30 15 7 (Tie) North Atlantic Ocean Historical Tropical Cyclone Statistics http://tropical.atmos.colostate.edu/Realtime/index.php?arch&loc=northatlantic Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado July 19, 2023Record low activity 1 0 (tie) 0 Actual activity 8 4 1 Forecasts of hurricane activity are issued before each hurricane season by Dr. William M. Gray and his associates at Colorado State University (CSU) and the Weather Research Center (WRC). A normal season as defined by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has 12.1 named storms, of which 6.4 reach hurricane strength, and 2.7 become major hurricanes.A major hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of at least 111 mph km/h on, or a Category 3 or higher on the Saffir-Simpson scale.National Hurricane Center July 11, 2010 Glossary of NHC Terms December 24, 2012 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutgloss.shtml National Hurricane Center "nb"http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/outlooks/background_information.shtml Background information: the North Atlantic hurricane season Climate Prediction Center August 4, 2011 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration December 12, 2011 Climate Prediction Center In December 1992, Gray anticipated a near average season with 11 named storms, 6 hurricanes, and 3 major hurricanes.http://typhoon.atmos.colostate.edu/Includes/Documents/Publications/forecast_verifications.xls Forecast Verifications 2011 Colorado State University December 24, 2012 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20131214201025/http://typhoon.atmos.colostate.edu/Includes/Documents/Publications/forecast_verifications.xls December 14, 2013 Another predication on April 16, 1993 was unchanged from the previous forecast. In June, Gray revised the number of hurricanes to seven, though the forecast of named storms and major hurricanes remained the same. By August, the number hurricanes predicted was lowered back to six, matching the December 1992 and April forecasts. The sole prediction made by the WRC called for seven named storms and five hurricanes, though no forecast was made on the numbers of major hurricanes. Season summary The Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, thus activity began a day early with the development of Tropical Depression One on May 31.https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wdRCAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w6sMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3574,3612052&dq=1993+hurricane+season&hl=en Hurricane season gets under way June 1, 1993 Associated Press Williamson Daily News December 24, 2012 It was a below average season in which 10 tropical depressions formed. Eight of the depressions attained tropical storm status, and four of these attained hurricane status. In addition, one tropical cyclone eventually attained major hurricane status, which is below the 1981–2010 average of 2.7 per season. The low amount of activity is attributed to abnormally strong wind shear across the Atlantic basin.http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1993.pdf Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1993 Richard Pasch and Edward Rappaport March 1995 National Hurricane Center December 24, 2012 Only one hurricane and three tropical storms made landfall during the season; Tropical Depression One and Hurricane Emily also caused land impacts. However, the storm collectively caused 382 deaths and $322.3 million in damage.http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1993.pdf Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1993 Richard Pasch and Edward Rappaport March 1995 National Hurricane Center December 24, 2012 Mimi Whitefield Miami Herald June 1, 1993 Heavy Rains Drench Cuba Leaving 7 Dead December 24, 2012 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/td1/news/mh0601p1.gif Missoulian June 6, 1993 Hurricane Season May 19, 2021 A-2 https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77953287/the-missoulian/ Newspapers.com http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/arlene/prenhc/prelim03.gif Preliminary Report Tropical Storm Arlene Edward Rappaport December 9, 1993 National Hurricane Center 3 December 24, 2012 GIF http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/emily/prenhc/prelim03.gif Preliminary Report Hurricane Emily Miles Lawrence September 30, 1993 National Hurricane Center 3 December 24, 2012 GIF http://www.erh.noaa.gov/mhx/EventReviews/19930831/19930831.php Hurricane Emily – August 31, 1993 Chris Collins National Weather Service Newport/Morehead City, North Carolina May 19, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20150924033408/http://www.erh.noaa.gov/mhx/EventReviews/19930831/19930831.php September 24, 2015 http://reliefweb.int/node/34797 Honduras Floods Sep 1993 UN DHA Situation Reports 1 - 4 United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs September 1993 ReliefWeb December 24, 2012 Sistema Nacional de prevencion y manejo de desastres naturales http://desastres.usac.edu.gt/documentos/pdf/spa/doc7149/doc7149-contenido.pdf Impactos de los desastres naturales en Nicaragua José Osorio Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y Desastres 33 1994 es https://web.archive.org/web/20120425054213/http://desastres.usac.edu.gt/documentos/pdf/spa/doc7149/doc7149-contenido.pdf April 25, 2012 dead http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1993-09-17/news/9309170011_1_tropical-storm-gert-costa-rica-nicaragua Storm hits two nations September 17, 1993 December 24, 2012 Sun-Sentinel April 13, 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140413123113/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1993-09-17/news/9309170011_1_tropical-storm-gert-costa-rica-nicaragua dead http://www.desenredando.org/public/libros/1996/dtdei/DTDEI_todo_ene-7-2003.pdf De terremotos, derrumbes, e inundados Mario Lungo and Pohl Lina Las acciones de prevención y mitigación de desastres en El Salvador: Un sistema en construcción Red de Estudios Sociales en Prevención de Desastres en América Latina 34 2006 December 24, 2012 es Ana Moisa Ernesto Romano Louis Velis http://desastres.usac.edu.gt/documentos/pdf/spa/doc7784/doc7784-c.pdf [Various short articles] Actualidades Sobre Desastres: Boletin de Extensión Cultural de CEPRODE: Centro de Protección Para Desastres CEPRODE: Centro de Protección para Desastres 1 1 section 3 "Actividades de las comunidades", p. [8] October 12, 1993 December 24, 2012 es dead https://web.archive.org/web/20131212195802/http://desastres.usac.edu.gt/documentos/pdf/spa/doc7784/doc7784-c.pdf December 12, 2013 http://reliefweb.int/node/35686 Mexico Tropical Storm Oct 1993 UN DHA Situation Reports 1 - 3 United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs October 1, 1993 ReliefWeb December 24, 2012 http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl/1993_1147641/storms-near-puerto-rico-and-hawaii.html Storms near Puerto Rico and Hawaii August 16, 1993 December 24, 2012 Houston Chronicle section A, p. 6 http://actualite.lachainemeteo.com/actualite-meteo/2009-05-06/la-martinique---entre-men-22.php La Martinique : entre menace marine et terre instable May 6, 2009 December 24, 2012 La Chaîne Météo fr The last storm of the season, Tropical Depression Ten, became extratropical on September 30, two months before the official end of the season on November 30. Tropical cyclogenesis in the 1993 Atlantic hurricane season began with the development of Tropical Depression One on May 31. However, in the following two months, minimal activity occurred, with only one named storm, Arlene, in June. August was the most active month, with four systems developing: Tropical Storms Bret, Cindy, and Dennis, as well as Hurricane Emily. September, normally the climatological peak of hurricane season,http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/G1.html Subject: G1) When is hurricane season? Neal Dorst January 21, 2010 Hurricane Research Division December 24, 2012 had only three named storms form: Hurricanes Floyd, Gert, and Harvey. The final Atlantic tropical cyclone of 1993, Tropical Depression Ten, became extratropical on September 30, two months before the official end of the season on November 30. Overall, the season's activity was reflected with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 39.Hurricane Research Division National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration March 2011 Atlantic basin Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT December 12, 2011 http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/Comparison_of_Original_and_Revised_HURDAT_mar11.html ACE is, broadly speaking, a measure of the power of the hurricane multiplied by the length of time it existed, so storms that last a long time, as well as particularly strong hurricanes, have high ACEs. ACE is only calculated for full advisories on tropical systems at or exceeding 34 kn mph km/h or tropical storm strength. Subtropical cyclones are excluded from the total.David Levinson August 20, 2008 2005 Atlantic Ocean Tropical Cyclones National Climatic Data Center July 23, 2011 http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/2005/2005-atlantic-trop-cyclones.html December 1, 2005 https://web.archive.org/web/20051201033336/https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/2005/2005-atlantic-trop-cyclones.html dead Systems Tropical Depression One Atl File:01L 1993-05-31 2100Z.png 01L 1993 path.png May 31 June 2 30 999 The origins of the tropical depression were from a tropical wave that exited the coast of Africa on May 13. It crossed the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea, reaching a position east of the Yucatan Peninsula by May 25. The system interacted with a monsoon-type circulation over Central America, and a broad low-level circulation developed near Cozumel, Mexico. Atmospheric pressure in the region fell gradually as the system organized, and on May 31, the National Hurricane Center classified it as Tropical Depression One near the Isle of Youth.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/td1/prenhc/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report Tropical Depression One Lixion Avila June 30, 1993 National Hurricane Center 1 December 4, 2012 GIF At the time of being upgraded, the circulation was located on the northwest side of the convection due to wind shear.Max Mayfield National Hurricane Center 1993 Discussion One 2010-03-03 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/td1/tropdisc/nal0193.001 Throughout its duration, the depression maintained a northeast track, due to an approaching shortwave trough to its north. Late on May 31, the poorly organized center crossed western Cuba.Max Mayfield National Hurricane Center 1993 Discussion Two 2010-03-03 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/td1/tropdisc/nal0193.002 By the time the circulation reached the Florida Straits, it was exposed and removed from the convection.Lixion Avila National Hurricane Center 1993 Discussion Three 2010-03-03 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/td1/tropdisc/nal0193.003 The depression accelerated northeastward through the Bahamas, passing near Nassau. Based on Hurricane Hunters observations, it maintained stronger winds in squalls away from the center, and the pressure deepened to 999 mbar hPa inHg on. By June 2, reconnaissance flights into the system had difficulty discerning a circulation.Richard Pasch National Hurricane Center 1993 Discussion Seven 2010-03-03 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/td1/tropdisc/nal0193.007 Later that day, the National Hurricane Center discontinued advisories, as the depression had become extratropical.Miles Lawrence National Hurricane Center 1993 Discussion Nine 2010-03-03 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/td1/tropdisc/nal0193.009 It strengthened slightly to reach gale-force winds as an extratropical storm, and persisted until early on June 3. The precursor to the disturbance brought locally heavy rainfall to the Yucatán Peninsula, with a maximum of 7.09 in cm in Lázaro Cárdenas, Quintana Roo.David M. Roth 2010-04-06 Tropical Depression One – May 30 – June 1, 1993 Hydrometeorological Prediction Center 2010-04-07 http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/td01aof1993.html The depression produced intense precipitation across central and eastern Cuba, peaking at 12.4 in cm in Topes de Collantes. In Victoria de Las Tunas, a rainfall total of 8.6 in cm set the new record most rainfall in 24 hours. The rainfall caused flooding of rivers and lakes behind dams, and in some places, residents required rescue from the roofs of their houses. Officials forced the evacuation of 40,000 people in several provinces, and across the country, the storm destroyed 1,860 homes and damaged 16,500 more.United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs (DHA) June 4, 1993 Cuba — Floods Jun 1993 UN DHA Information Report No. 1 December 24, 2012 http://reliefweb.int/report/cuba/cuba-floods-jun-1993-un-dha-information-report-no-1 The flooding blocked mountainous highways in Santiago de Cuba Province, and in Las Tunas Province railway lines were damaged. Widespread crop damage occurred just two months after the Storm of the Century left similar heavy damage. The flooding damaged 87 sugar production centers. The depression killed seven people in the country.Mimi Whitefield Miami Herald June 1, 1993 Heavy Rains Drench Cuba Leaving 7 Dead December 24, 2012 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/td1/news/mh0601p1.gif After the storm passed, the Cuban government activated the Civil Defense, while National Relief Services worked to rescue all people affected by the flooding. Elsewhere along its path, heavy rainfall was reported in Jamaica, Hispaniola, and southern Florida. In Haiti, the rainfall caused 13 deaths and left thousands of livestock killed.Missoulian June 6, 1993 Hurricane Season May 19, 2021 A-2 https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77953287/the-missoulian/ Newspapers.com In Florida, the precipitation peaked at 9.99 in cm in Canal Point near Lake Okeechobee. The precipitation as a whole alleviated drought conditions.Sarasota Herald-Tribune 1993 Tropical depression forms; South Florida gets soaked 2010-03-03 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=164cAAAAIBAJ&sjid=lXsEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6063,74392&dq=tropical+depression&hl=en Tropical Storm Arlene Tropical Storm Arlene (1993) Atl Arlene 1993-06-19 1601Z.jpg Arlene 1993 path.png June 18 June 21 35 1000 A tropical wave was tracked in the Caribbean Sea beginning on June 9 and subsequently moved across Central America. Eventually, the system entered the Gulf of Mexico, though further development was interrupted by unfavorable wind shear. After conditions became somewhat more favorable, the wave developed into Tropical Depression Two on June 18. The depression slowly strengthened as it tracked west-northwestward and eventually north-northwestward across the western Gulf of Mexico.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/arlene/prenhc/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report Tropical Storm Arlene Edward Rappaport December 9, 1993 National Hurricane Center 1 December 24, 2012 GIF By June 19, the depression became Tropical Storm Arlene. At 09:00 UTC on the following day, Arlene made landfall on Padre Island, Texas with winds of 40 mph km/h on. The storm quickly weakened inland and degenerated into a remnant low pressure area on June 21.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/arlene/prenhc/prelim02.gif Preliminary Report Tropical Storm Arlene Edward Rappaport December 9, 1993 National Hurricane Center 2 December 24, 2012 GIF In El Salvador, rainfall from the precursor tropical wave caused mudslides throughout the country, which in turn resulted in 20 fatalities. Immense amounts of precipitation in Mexico caused flooding in the states of Veracruz, Campeche, Yucatán, San Luis Potosí, Quintana Roo, Nuevo León, and Jalisco. Five deaths and $33 million in damage was reported in Mexico.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/arlene/prenhc/prelim03.gif Preliminary Report Tropical Storm Arlene Edward Rappaport December 9, 1993 National Hurricane Center 3 December 24, 2012 GIFhttp://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/arlene/news/mexunkp1.gif Lluvias dejan muertos y damnificados 1993 National Hurricane Center December 24, 2012 es Arlene also dropped torrential rainfall in Texas, peaking at 15.26 in mm on Angleton,http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/arlene1993.html Tropical Storm Arlene - June 18-23, 1993 David Roth May 2, 2007 Weather Prediction Center December 24, 2012 while precipitation amounts elsewhere was mainly between 9 and 11 in mm on. Throughout the state, numerous roads were inundated and more than 650 houses, including 25 mobile homes, suffered water damage.http://www.srh.noaa.gov/crp/docs/research/hurrhistory/Arlene/arlene.html Tropical Storm Arlene - June 18-23, 1993 National Weather Service Corpus Christi, Texas December 24, 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20081108232512/http://www.srh.noaa.gov/crp/docs/research/hurrhistory/Arlene/arlene.html November 8, 2008 Agriculture losses in eastern Texas include 20% of cantaloupe, 10% of watermelon, and 18% of tomatoes.https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-3EE30839-CDA7-45CA-9040-763322D03077.pdf Storm Data and Unusual Phenomena with Late Reports and Corrections Grant Goodge National Climatic Data Center February 25, 2021 253 PDF https://web.archive.org/web/20210225065645/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS/IPS-3EE30839-CDA7-45CA-9040-763322D03077.pdf February 25, 2021 One fatality occurred and damage in Texas reached $22 million. Overall, Tropical Storm Arlene caused 26 deaths and $55 million in losses. Tropical Storm Bret Tropical Storm Bret (1993) Atl Bret 1993-08-06 1431Z.png Bret 1993 path.png August 4 August 11 50 1002 A westward-moving tropical wave developed into Tropical Depression Three while located about 1,150 mi km west of Cape Verde on August 4. The depression strengthened and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Bret on the following day. It strengthened slightly and reached winds of 60 mph km/h on and maintained that intensity until crossing Trinidad on August 7. Later that day, Bret made landfall near Macuro, Venezuela, before briefly re-emerging into the Caribbean Sea. Bret made another landfall in Venezuela on August 8 and crossed northern Colombia.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/bret/prenhc/prelim01.gif Tropical Storm Bret Preliminary Report Richard Pasch November 22, 1993 National Hurricane Center 1 December 24, 2012 GIF It weakened over the mountainous terrain and fell to tropical depression intensity over the southwestern Caribbean Sea. Bret re-strengthened to a 45 mph km/h on tropical storm before making landfall in southern Nicaragua on August 10. It crossed into the Pacific Ocean and dissipated, although it later regenerated into Hurricane Greg.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/bret/prenhc/prelim02.gif Tropical Storm Bret Preliminary Report Richard Pasch November 22, 1993 National Hurricane Center 2 December 24, 2012 GIF In Trinidad, winds left 35,000 people without electricity,'Bret' in brush with Trinidad Associated Press https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77952926/indiana-gazette/ Indiana Gazette A-5 Tony Fraser August 8, 1993 May 19, 2021 Newspapers.com while rainfall caused minor damage to crops and roads, with losses totaling to about $909,000.Disaster mitigation for hospitals and other health care facilities in Trinidad and Tobago http://cidbimena.desastres.hn/docum/crid/Septiembre-Octubre2005/CD-1/pdf/eng/doc8099/doc8099-a.pdf 8 Joslyn R. Edwards May 19, 2021 CIDBIMENA PDF April 24, 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20120424225410/http://cidbimena.desastres.hn/docum/crid/Septiembre-Octubre2005/CD-1/pdf/eng/doc8099/doc8099-a.pdf dead Rainfall in Venezuela reached 13.3 in mm on in some areas. As a result, widespread mudslides were reported, which in turn destroyed 10,000 houses and caused 173 deaths. One fatality was reported in neighboring Colombia. In Nicaragua, the storm destroyed 850 houses and damaged an additional 1,500.http://reliefweb.int/report/nicaragua/nicaragua-tropical-storm-aug-1993-un-dha-situation-reports-1-8 Nicaragua Tropical Storm Aug 1993 UN DHA Situation Reports 1 - 8 United Nations Department of Humanitarians Affairs August 18, 1993 ReliefWeb December 24, 2012 Overall, 35,000 people were left homeless in that country. In addition, the destruction of 25 medical centers, 10 schools, and 10 churches occurred. Road infrastructure damage was also reported, with 12 bridges collapsing during the passage of Bret. There were 10 fatalities in Nicaragua, 9 of which were drowning victims after a Spanish vessel sank. Overall, Tropical Storm Bret caused 184 deaths and about $25 million in damage. Tropical Storm Cindy Atl Cindy 1993-08-16 1501Z.png Cindy 1993 path.png August 14 August 17 40 1007 Tropical Storm Cindy (1993) A tropical wave entered the Atlantic Ocean from northwest Africa on August 8. It traversed the Atlantic and organized into Tropical Depression Four on August 14, while located within 100 mi km on to the north of Barbados. After six hours, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Cindy, while crossing the island of Martinique. Due to a poor upper-level structure, Cindy barely intensified as it tracked west-northwestward across the eastern Caribbean Sea. Nonetheless, the storm peaked with winds of 45 mph km/h on on August 16. However, interaction with the terrain of Hispaniola caused Cindy to weaken. Late on August 16, the storm had been reduced to a tropical depression, around the time of landfall near Barahona, Dominican Republic. Cindy rapidly weakened inland and dissipated by early on August 17.Max Mayfield Tropical Storm Cindy Preliminary Report October 25, 1993 National Hurricane Center 1 May 26, 2008 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/cindy/prenhc/prelim01.gifMax Mayfield Tropical Storm Cindy Preliminary Report October 25, 1993 National Hurricane Center 2 May 27, 2008 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/cindy/prenhc/prelim02.gif The storm dropped torrential rainfall in Martinique, peaking at 15.55 in mm on in Saint-Joseph, which fell in only two hours. Further, 2.75 in mm on fell in just six minutes.Agriculture biologique en Martinique Organic agriculture in Martinique https://books.google.com/books?id=wW8F0sWPFlwC http://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers10-04/010035422.pdf Chapitre 2: Contexte de l'agriculture martiniquaise: atouts et contraintes pour l'agriculture biologique PDF part 2, chapter 2, para. 3, p. 49 Saffache Pascal IRD Editions 2-7099-1555-3 2005 fr Several rivers overflowed as a result,http://www.montraykreyol.org/IMG/pdf/Article_2_Saffache_-_Espace_Creole.pdf Caractéristiques typologiques et dynamiques des rivières de la Martinique Saffache Pascal 6 Université des Antilles et de la Guyane: Département de Géographie-Aménagement fr dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120405031649/http://www.montraykreyol.org/IMG/pdf/Article_2_Saffache_-_Espace_Creole.pdf April 5, 2012 which in turn caused widespread flooding and mudslides.http://actualite.lachainemeteo.com/actualite-meteo/2009-05-06/la-martinique---entre-men-22.php La Martinique : entre menace marine et terre instable May 6, 2009 December 24, 2012 La Chaîne Météo frhttps://books.google.com/books?id=vTvkAAAAMAAJ DHA news 13–17 Department of Humanitarian Affairs United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 1995 43 Several roads were washed out, numerous cars were swept away, and at least 150 houses were destroyed,http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl/1993_1147641/storms-near-puerto-rico-and-hawaii.html Storms near Puerto Rico and Hawaii August 16, 1993 December 24, 2012 Houston Chronicle section A, p. 6 leaving about 3,000 people homeless.https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1755&dat=19930816&id=oKwcAAAAIBAJ&sjid=6HsEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6893,176105 Storm Cindy soaks Martinique, heads for Dominican Republic Sarasota Herald-Tribune August 16, 1993 Associated Press December 24, 2012 section A, p. 4 Overall, the storm caused two fatalities, 11 injuries, and ₣107 million (US$19 million) in damage.http://pluiesextremes.meteo.fr/antilles/1993-Cindy.html 1993 Cindy: Tempête tropicale Report fr n.d. 2015-09-06 Météo-France Pluies extrêmes aux Antilles On other Lesser Antilles, the storm caused minimally impact, limited to mostly small amounts of precipitation, light winds, and minor beach erosion, especially on Puerto Rico.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/cindy/preloc/sanjuan2.gif U.S. Geological Survey DCP's rainfall from 08-15-93 0000L thru 08-16-93 2400L United States Geological Survey National Hurricane Center 1993 December 24, 2012 In Dominican Republic, street and minor river flooding was reported, which affected hundreds of residents. In addition, Cindy left two deaths in the Dominican Republic.Ricardo Leon Tropical storm threatens Hawaii August 16, 1993 Associated Press Sun Journal December 24, 2012 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=HV8gAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hmUFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1532%2C3123237 3 Hurricane Emily Hurricane Emily (1993) Atl Emily 1993-08-31 1330Z.png Emily 1993 path.png August 22 September 6 100 960 A tropical wave passed through Cape Verde on August 17. The system moved northwestward and slowly acquired a low-level center of circulation. At 18:00 UTC on August 22, Tropical Depression Five developed while located several hundred miles east-northeast of the Lesser Antilles on August 22. Initially, it headed northwestward while minimal intensification, though by August 25, the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Emily. The storm then became nearly stationary while southeast of Bermuda and steadily strengthened during that time. Late on August 26, Emily briefly became a hurricane, though it weakened back to a tropical storm early on the following day. However, by late on August 27, Emily was a hurricane once again. The storm then moved northwestward and maintained Category 1 intensity until becoming a Category 2 hurricane on August 31. By 18:00 UTC, Emily became a Category 3 hurricane while just offshore Cape Hatteras.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/emily/prenhc/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report Hurricane Emily Miles Lawrence September 30, 1993 National Hurricane Center 1 December 24, 2012 GIF However, the storm veered out to sea later on August 29 and weakened, falling to tropical storm intensity while located northeast of Bermuda on September 3. After curving southward and then back to the northeast, Emily weakened to a tropical depression on September 4. The storm lost all tropical characteristics on September 6, while located several hundred miles southeast of Newfoundland.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/emily/prenhc/prelim02.gif Preliminary Report Hurricane Emily Miles Lawrence September 30, 1993 National Hurricane Center 2 December 24, 2012 GIF The outer bands of Emily lashed the Outer Banks of North Carolina with heavy rainfall, high tides, and strong winds. The combination of those effects damaged 553 homes beyond repair. Sinkholes formed along North Carolina Highway 12 and strong winds uprooted trees, downed power lines, and tore off roofs.https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/hurricane/archives/emily93.htm Hurricane Climbs N.C. Coast to Virginia Washington Post September 1, 1993 December 24, 2012 Further north, two fishermen near Nags Head drowned, while a 15-year-old boy also drowned. Light rainfall was also reported in Maryland and Delaware.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/emily/prenhc/prelim03.gif Preliminary Report Hurricane Emily Miles Lawrence September 30, 1993 National Hurricane Center 3 December 24, 2012 GIF Losses reached $45 million, with all damage in North Carolina.http://www.erh.noaa.gov/mhx/EventReviews/19930831/19930831.php Hurricane Emily – August 31, 1993 Chris Collins National Weather Service Newport/Morehead City, North Carolina May 19, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20150924033408/http://www.erh.noaa.gov/mhx/EventReviews/19930831/19930831.php September 24, 2015 Tropical Storm Dennis Atl Dennis 1993-08-25 1849Z.jpg Dennis 1993 path.png August 23 August 28 45 1000 A tropical wave and its associated low pressure area emerged into the Atlantic from the west coast of Africa on August 21. By the following day, two METEOSAT satellites indicated that the system had a distinct cyclonic rotation and increasing deep convection. At 12:00 UTC on August 23, Tropical Depression Six developed while located about 415 mi km on west-southwest of Brava, Cape Verde. Initially, a weak deep-layer mean flow caused the depression to track west-northwest. It is estimated that by 12:00 UTC on August 24, the depression became Tropical Storm Dennis, based on satellite imagery. Early on August 25, Dennis attained its peak intensity with winds of 50 mph km/h on and a minimum barometric pressure of 1000 mbar inHg on on. After peak intensity, a relatively strong mid- to upper-level trough caused Dennis to turn north-northwestward on August 26. Thereafter, an increase in vertical wind shear and a decrease in sea surface temperatures caused the storm to begin weakening. Eventually, the low-level circulation became nearly void of deep convection. On August 27, Dennis was downgraded to a tropical depression. The storm later curved west-southwestward, while located about midway between Bermuda and the southernmost islands of Cape Verde.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/dennis/prenhc/prelim01.gif Tropical Storm Dennis Preliminary Report Lixion Avila October 7, 1993 National Hurricane Center 1 August 18, 2010 GIF Hurricane Floyd Atl Floyd 1993-09-09 1831Z.jpg Floyd 1993 path.png September 7 September 10 65 990 A tropical wave crossed the west coast of Africa on August 28. Although had it a well-defined low-level circulation, the system was not classified as a tropical cyclone. While tracking west, deep convection diminished and was nearly non-existent by August 31, though the cloud pattern began re-developing on September 3. Eventually, the system curved northwestward and remained well away from the Lesser Antilles. Because a reconnaissance flight into the system indicated a low-level circulation with persistent deep convection, it is estimated that the system became Tropical Depression Seven at 12:00 UTC on September 7, while located about 440 mi km on north-northwest of San Juan, Puerto Rico. Only six hours after becoming a tropical cyclone, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Floyd. Initially, strong southwesterly wind shear prevented further significant intensification. The storm accelerated north-northwestward after becoming embedded within fast air currents, which was as Floyd moved between a strong trough and a subtropical high pressure area. Later on September 8, the storm passed about 230 mi km on west of Bermuda.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/floyd/prenhc/prelim01.gif Hurricane Floyd Preliminary Report Edward Rappaport October 6, 1993 National Hurricane Center 1 August 18, 2010 GIF By early on September 9, convection developed along the once exposed low-level circulation. After a buoy reported a two-minute sustained wind speed of 69 mph km/h on and an eye appeared on satellite imagery, Floyd was upgraded to a hurricane at 18:00 UTC on September 9. While accelerating at nearly 52 mph km/h on, the storm began losing tropical characteristics as a result of colder sea surface temperatures and became extratropical at 18:00 UTC on September 10. The remnants of Floyd continued rapidly eastward and struck Brittany, France, at an intensity equivalent to a Category 1 hurricane.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/floyd/prenhc/prelim02.gif Hurricane Floyd Preliminary Report Edward Rappaport October 6, 1993 National Hurricane Center 2 August 18, 2010 GIF While passing southeast of Newfoundland, the storm produced light rainfall, peaking at about 0.86 in mm on.http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=FC31CB9E-1 1993-Floyd September 14, 2009 Environment Canada May 19, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20130313110319/http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=FC31CB9E-1 March 13, 2013 Hurricane Gert Hurricane Gert Atl Gert 1993-09-20 1831Z.jpg Gert-14E 1993 path.png September 14 September 21 85 970 A tropical wave emerged into the Atlantic Ocean from the west coast of Africa on September 5. The system slowly organize while tracking across the Atlantic Ocean and much of the Caribbean Sea. It developed into a tropical depression while located north of Panama on September 14. On the following day, the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Gert before moving ashore in Nicaragua. After weakening to a tropical depression, it proceeded into Hondurashttp://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/gert/prenhc/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report Hurricane Gert Richard Pasch November 10, 1993 National Hurricane Center 1 August 18, 2010 GIF and reorganized into a tropical storm over the Gulf of Honduras on September 17. Gert made landfall in Belize on the following day and again weakened to a depression while inland. After crossing the Yucatán Peninsula, Gert emerged over warm water in the Bay of Campeche, and strengthened into a Category 2 hurricane on September 20. The hurricane then made landfall on the Gulf Coast of Mexico near Tuxpan, Veracruz, with winds of 100 mph km/h on. Rugged terrain quickly disrupted its structure and Gert entered the Pacific Ocean as a tropical depression from Nayarit on September 21. Five days later, the depression dissipated near Baja California.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/gert/prenhc/prelim02.gif Preliminary Report Hurricane Gert Richard Pasch November 10, 1993 National Hurricane Center 2 August 18, 2010 GIF Because Gert had a broad wind circulation, it produced widespread and heavy rainfall across Central America, which, combined with saturated soil from Tropical Storm Bret a month earlier, caused significant flooding of property and crops. Although hurricane-force winds occurred upon landfall in Mexico, the worst effects in the country were due to flooding and mudslides induced by torrential rain.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/gert/prenhc/prelim03.gif Preliminary Report Hurricane Gert Richard Pasch November 10, 1993 National Hurricane Center 3 August 18, 2010 GIF Following the overflow of several rivers,Mexico hit hard by storm The Gazette September 22, 1993 https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77953576/the-gazette/ May 19, 2021 B1 Newspapers.com http://www.dartmouth.edu/~floods/Archives/1993sum.htm 1993 Global Register of Extreme Flood Events Global Active Archive of Large Flood Events July 2003 Dartmouth Flood Observatory May 19, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20200218230609/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~floods/Archives/1993sum.htm February 18, 2020http://www.crid.or.cr/digitalizacion/pdf/spa/doc15060/doc15060-2a.pdf 14, 15 Prisciliano Gutiérrez Las inundaciones causadas por el huracán "Gert" sus efectos en Hidalgo, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas y Veracruz December 1993 El Sistema Nacional de Proteccion Civil es dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120425052027/http://www.crid.or.cr/digitalizacion/pdf/spa/doc15060/doc15060-2a.pdf April 25, 2012 deep flood waters submerged extensive parts of Veracruz and Tamaulipas and forced hundreds of thousands to evacuate, including 200,000 in the Tampico area alone.http://reliefweb.int/node/35686 Mexico Tropical Storm Oct 1993 UN DHA Situation Reports 1 - 3 United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs October 1, 1993 ReliefWeb December 24, 2012 The heaviest rainfall occurred further inland over the mountainous region of San Luis Potosí, where as much as 31.41 in mm on of precipitation were measured.http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/gert1993.html Hurricane Gert/T.D. #14E - September 14-28, 1993 David Roth January 27, 2007 Weather Prediction Center December 24, 2012 In the wake of the disaster, the road networks across the affected countries were severely disrupted and thousands of people became homeless. Extensive, but less severe flooding occurred in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Throughout the effected areas, flooding damaged or destroyed more than 40,000 buildings.http://www.desenredando.org/public/libros/1996/dtdei/DTDEI_todo_ene-7-2003.pdf De terremotos, derrumbes, e inundados Mario Lungo and Pohl Lina Las acciones de prevención y mitigación de desastres en El Salvador: Un sistema en construcción Red de Estudios Sociales en Prevención de Desastres en América Latina 34 2006 December 24, 2012 eshttp://www.crid.or.cr/digitalizacion/pdf/spa/doc10533/doc10533-e1.pdf Informe final de operaciónes Tormenta Gert Plan regulador para la reconstrucción de las zonas afectadas por la tormenta tropical Gert September 25, 1993 December 24, 2012 Comisión Nacional de Emergencias section e, pp. 4, 13 es dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120425051822/http://www.crid.or.cr/digitalizacion/pdf/spa/doc10533/doc10533-e1.pdf April 25, 2012 http://reliefweb.int/node/35973 Nicaragua Tropical Storm Aug 1993 UN DHA Situation Reports 1 - 8 September 17, 1993 December 24, 2012 ReliefWeb United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs The storm caused at least 102 fatalities and more than $170 million in damage.http://reliefweb.int/node/34797 Honduras Floods Sep 1993 UN DHA Situation Reports 1 - 4 United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs September 1993 ReliefWeb December 24, 2012 Sistema Nacional de prevencion y manejo de desastres naturales http://desastres.usac.edu.gt/documentos/pdf/spa/doc7149/doc7149-contenido.pdf Impactos de los desastres naturales en Nicaragua José Osorio Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y Desastres 33 1994 es https://web.archive.org/web/20120425054213/http://desastres.usac.edu.gt/documentos/pdf/spa/doc7149/doc7149-contenido.pdf April 25, 2012 dead http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1993-09-17/news/9309170011_1_tropical-storm-gert-costa-rica-nicaragua Storm hits two nations September 17, 1993 December 24, 2012 Sun-Sentinel April 13, 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140413123113/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1993-09-17/news/9309170011_1_tropical-storm-gert-costa-rica-nicaragua dead http://www.desenredando.org/public/libros/1996/dtdei/DTDEI_todo_ene-7-2003.pdf De terremotos, derrumbes, e inundados Mario Lungo and Pohl Lina Las acciones de prevención y mitigación de desastres en El Salvador: Un sistema en construcción Red de Estudios Sociales en Prevención de Desastres en América Latina 34 2006 December 24, 2012 es Ana Moisa Ernesto Romano Louis Velis http://desastres.usac.edu.gt/documentos/pdf/spa/doc7784/doc7784-c.pdf [Various short articles] Actualidades Sobre Desastres: Boletin de Extensión Cultural de CEPRODE: Centro de Protección Para Desastres CEPRODE: Centro de Protección para Desastres 1 1 section 3 "Actividades de las comunidades", p. [8] October 12, 1993 December 24, 2012 es dead https://web.archive.org/web/20131212195802/http://desastres.usac.edu.gt/documentos/pdf/spa/doc7784/doc7784-c.pdf December 12, 2013 http://reliefweb.int/node/35686 Mexico Tropical Storm Oct 1993 UN DHA Situation Reports 1 - 3 United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs October 1, 1993 ReliefWeb December 24, 2012 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/gert/prenhc/prelim03.gif Preliminary Report Hurricane Gert: 14-21 September 1993 November 10, 1993 Richard Pasch September 5, 2015 National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida Hurricane Gert, Hurricane Wallet Digital Archives 3 Hurricane Harvey Atl Harvey 1993-09-20 1731Z.png Harvey 1993 path.png September 18 September 21 65 990 A tropical wave passed south of Cape Verde on September 12. By the following day, satellite imagery indicated a cloud system center. The system tracked northwestward across the Atlantic Ocean with slow further development. Due to interaction with an upper-level low on September 18, the system began to significantly organize. After a ship known as ELFS reported winds of 43 mph km/h on, it is estimated that Tropical Depression Nine developed at 18:00 UTC on September 18, while located about 400 mi km south-southeast of Bermuda. The depression initially moved north-northwest, though an approaching short-wave trough eventually caused it to move northeastward. Convection remained disorganized and the low-level circulation was exposed on September 19. However, by the following day, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Harvey. Thereafter, the storm began to rapidly intensify and developed an eye appeared on satellite imagery. While accelerating northeastward, Harvey was upgraded to a hurricane at 18:00 UTC on September 20. However, decreasing sea surface temperatures caused Harvey to immediately weaken back to a tropical storm, while also losing tropical characteristics. At 18:00 UTC on September 21, Harvey transitioned into an extratropical cyclone while located well east of Newfoundland. Six hours later, the extratropical remnants of Harvey were absorbed into a frontal band.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/harvey/prenhc/prelim01.gif Hurricane Harvey Preliminary Report Max Mayfield October 19, 1993 National Hurricane Center August 18, 2010 GIF Tropical Depression Ten Atl 10L 1993-09-29 1731Z.jpg 10L 1993 path.png September 29 September 30 30 1008 Tropical Depression Ten developed about 185 mi km on southeast of Bermuda at 18:00 UTC on September 29.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/td10/prenhc/prelim01.gif Preliminary Report Tropical Depression Ten Miles Lawrence October 22, 1993 National Hurricane Center December 24, 2012 GIF Initially, convection associated with the depression was confined to north and east of the center.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/td10/tropdisc/nal1093.001 Tropical Depression Ten Discussion Number 1 Miles Lawrence and Bill Wright September 30, 1993 National Hurricane Center December 24, 2012 The depression was difficult to track, though wind observations in Bermuda suggested that it passed just north of the island between 0300 and 07:00 UTC on September 30. Although no intensification was predicted, the National Hurricane Center noted that interaction with the approaching cold front could result in baroclinic strengthening.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993/td10/tropdisc/nal1093.002 Tropical Depression Ten Discussion Number 2 Richard Pasch September 30, 1993 National Hurricane Center December 24, 2012 The depression did not organize further and merged with the cold front at 00:00 UTC on October 1. Storm names History of tropical cyclone naming The following list of names was used for named storms that formed in the North Atlantic in 1993.https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/Publications/NatHurricaneOpsPlans/1993.pdf 36 NOAA Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research Washington, D.C. National Hurricane Operations Plan April 1993 January 17, 2024 This was the same list used for the 1987 season as no names were retired from that year.https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/Publications/NatHurricaneOpsPlans/HOPs-1987.PDF 38 NOAA Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research Washington, D.C. National Hurricane Operations Plan April 1987 January 17, 2024https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=DidXAAAAIBAJ&dq=1987%20atlantic%20hurricane%20season%20names&pg=3989%2C5591529 Names selected for 1987 hurricanes May 25, 1987 The Spokesman-Review Spokane, Washington July 20, 2011 No names were retired following the season,Tropical Cyclone Naming History and Retired Names https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames_history.shtml National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida January 17, 2024 so the list was used again for the 1999 season.https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/Publications/NatHurricaneOpsPlans/HOPs-1999.pdf 37 NOAA Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research Washington, D.C. National Hurricane Operations Plan May 1999 January 17, 2024 Arlene Bret Cindy Dennis Emily Floyd Gert Harvey Irene Jose Katrina Lenny Maria Nate Ophelia Philippe Rita Stan Tammy Vince Wilma Season effects This is a table of all of the storms that formed in the 1993 Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their name, duration, peak classification and intensities, areas affected, damage, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 1993 USD. center 1993 North Atlantic tropical cyclone center depression One May 31 – June 2 35 (55) 999 Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, Florida, The Bahamas Unknown 20 storm Arlene June 18 – 21 40 (65) 1000 Guatemala, Mexico, Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi $60.8 million 26 storm Bret August 4 –11 60 (95) 1002 Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, ABC islands, Venezuela, Colombia, Nicaragua $37.5 million 213 storm Cindy August 14 – 17 45 (75) 1007 Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic $19 million 4 storm Dennis August 23 –28 50 (85) 1000 None None None cat3 Emily August 22 – September 6 115 (185) 960 North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware $35 million 3 cat1 Floyd September 7 –10 75 (120) 990 Newfoundland Unknown None cat2 Gert September 14 –21 100 (155) 970 Central America, Mexico $170 million 116 cat1 Harvey September 18 –21 75 (120) 990 None None None depression Ten September 29 –30 35 (55) 1008 None None None 10 May 31 – September 30 115 (185) 960 $322.3 million 382 See also Tropical cyclones Tropical cyclones in 1993 1993 Pacific hurricane season 1993 Pacific typhoon season 1993 North Indian Ocean cyclone season South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season: 1992–93, 1993–94 Australian region cyclone season: 1992–93, 1993–94 South Pacific cyclone season: 1992–93, 1993–94 South Atlantic tropical cyclone Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone Notes nb References 2 External links Monthly Weather Review Detailed information on all storms from 1993 U.S. Rainfall information for tropical cyclones from 1993 Weather Channel retrospective on 1993 Atlantic hurricane season 1990 Atlantic hurricane 1993 Category:Articles which contain graphical timelines