2013 Italian general election

none October 2020 2013 Italian general election Italy parliamentary Coalition no 2008 Italian general election 2008 Legislature XVI of Italy 2018 Italian general election 2018 Legislature XVII of Italy All 630 seats in the Chamber of Deputies316 seats needed for a majorityAll 315 elective seats in the Senate160 seats needed for a majoritytaking into account the Senators for life, who accounted for 5 seats at the time the election took place 24–25 February 2013 Opinion polling for the 2013 Italian general election 46,905,154 (C Chamber of Deputies)42,270,824 (S Senate) 35,270,926 (C Chamber of Deputies)75.2% (5.3 pp) 31,751,350 (S Senate)75.1% (5.3 pp) Pier Luigi Bersani daticamera 2013 (cropped).jpg 137 135 170 Pier Luigi Bersani 2 December 2012 Lombardy 1 (C Chamber of Deputies)http://www.camera.it/leg17/29?tipoAttivita=&tipoVisAtt=&tipoPersona=&shadow_deputato=300026&idLegislatura=17 BERSANI Pier Luigi - MDP-LU Camera.it 2018-03-04 Democratic Party Italy. Common Good EF3E3E 345 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 123 (S Senate) 134 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 7 (S Senate) 10,049,393 (C Chamber of Deputies)9,685,437 (S Senate) 29.6% (C Chamber of Deputies)31.6% (S Senate) 7.9 pp (C Chamber of Deputies) 6.4 pp (S Senate) Berlusconi-2010-1.jpg 137 135 170 Silvio BerlusconiAlthough Berlusconi was the official leader of the coalition, the People of Freedom's candidate for Prime Minister was Angelino Alfano, while the Northern League's candidate was Giulio Tremonti. The People of Freedom Centre-right coalition 0A6BE1 26 January 1994 Molise (S Senate)https://www.senato.it/application/xmanager/projects/leg17/file/repository/composizione/elezioni2013/Eletti_Alfabetico_completo.pdf Eletti Alfabetico 2018-03-04 125 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 117 (S Senate) 219 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 57 (S Senate) 9,923,600 (C Chamber of Deputies)9,405,652 (S Senate) 29.2% (C Chamber of Deputies)30.7% (S Senate) 17.6 pp (C Chamber of Deputies) 16.6 pp (S Senate) Beppe Grillo 3.jpg 137 135 170 Beppe Grillo Five Star Movement — FFEB3B Did not stand 4 October 2009 109 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 54 (S Senate) New party 8,691,406 (C Chamber of Deputies)7,286,550 (S Senate) 25.6% (C Chamber of Deputies)23.8% (S Senate) New party Mario Monti Senato 2011.jpg 137 135 170 Mario Monti Civic Choice With Monti for Italy With Monti for Italy Did not stand (Senator for life) 28 December 2012 47 (C Chamber of Deputies) / 19 (S Senate) New alliance 3,591,541 (C Chamber of Deputies)2,797,486 (S Senate) 10.6% (C Chamber of Deputies)9.1% (S Senate) New alliance Prime Minister Prime Minister after the election Mario Monti Independent Enrico Letta Democratic Party 2013 Italian general election - Results by coalition.png 350px Election results maps for the Chamber of Deputies (on the left) and for the Senate (on the right). On the left, the color identifies the coalition which received the most votes in each province. On the right, the color identifies the coalition which won the most seats in respect to each Region. Red denotes the Centre-left coalition, Blue the Centre-right coalition, Yellow the Five Star Movement, and Light Blue the Aosta Valley regional coalition. General elections were held in Italy on 24 and 25 February 2013 to determine the 630 members of the Chamber of Deputies and the 315 elective members of the Senate of the Republic for the 17th Italian Parliament.http://elezioni.interno.it/camera/scrutini/20130224/C000000000.htm Ministry of the Interior it Elezioni.interno.it 26 February 2013 23 September 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20130923022523/http://elezioni.interno.it/camera/scrutini/20130224/C000000000.htm dead Italy election campaign begins as parliament dissolved https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-20826071 BBC News 22 December 2012Italy dissolves parliament, Monti mulls future https://www.reuters.com/article/italy-vote-idUSL5E8NM1FX20121222 Reuters 22 December 2012 Gavin Jones James Mackenzie The centre-left alliance Italy Common Good, led by the Democratic Party (PD), obtained a clear majority of seats in the Chamber of Deputies thanks to a majority bonus that effectively trebled the number of seats assigned to the winning force and narrowly defeated the centre-right alliance of former prime minister Silvio Berlusconi in the popular vote. Close behind, the new anti-establishment Five Star Movement of comedian Beppe Grillo became the third force, well ahead of the centrist coalition of outgoing Prime Minister Mario Monti. In the Senate, no political group or party won an outright majority, resulting in a hung parliament.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/feb/25/italian-election-results-live-coverage Italian election results: gridlock likely – as it happened 26 February 2013 The Guardian 27 February 2013 https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-21586340 Italy struggles with 'nightmare' election result 26 February 2013 BBC News 27 February 2013 In April 2013 a grand coalition was formed, consisting of Italy Common Good, the Berlusconi coalition and the centrists.http://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2013/04/2013427161117980535.html Deal reached on new Italian government Al Jazeera English 27 April 2013 10 January 2014 Berlusconi and his allies withdrew support of the coalition and formed a new Forza Italia six months later, which meant that the PD dominated the government coalition until the 2018 Italian general election. Background Following the European sovereign debt crisis, Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi resigned from his position in November 2011. He was replaced as prime minister by technocratic Senator for Life Mario Monti. In December 2012, Berlusconi announced his intention to run for prime minister for a sixth time. Shortly after, his party, The People of Freedom (PdL), withdrew endorsement for Monti's Cabinet and Monti announced he would resignFrye Andrew https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-12-09/italy-vote-to-test-eu-nobel-winners-after-greek-buyback.html Monti Says Markets Shouldn't Fear Political Turmoil Bloomberg L.P. 9 December 2012 23 December 2012 after sending the annual budget to the Italian Parliament, which was expected by Christmas. The Constitution of Italy then requires an election to be held within 70 days of the dissolution of the parliament by President Giorgio Napolitano. Monti's resignation came after he said that, following the PdL's withdrawal, he "matured [to] the conviction that we could not continue like this any longer," and that he could not govern with a loss of support for his platform.http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=575911&IDCategoria=2694 https://archive.today/20130218094602/http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=575911&IDCategoria=2694 dead 18 February 2013 Monti 'worried', says had to announce resignation La Gazzetta 23 December 2012 During Monti's tenure, Italy had faced tax increases and state spending cuts, as well as reforms intended to improve the competitiveness of the Italian economy.Scherer Steve http://www.irishexaminer.com/world/monti-to-resign-once-budget-is-passed-216441.html Monti to resign once budget is passed Irish Examiner 10 December 2012 23 December 2012 On the other hand, PdL parliamentary party leader Angelino Alfano told parliament on 7 December that Italy's debt, unemployment, and tax rates had risen in contrast to the economy since Monti became prime minister.http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/europe/Monti-to-quit-post-budget-polls-in-Italy-likely-by-February/articleshow/17551908.cms Monti to quit post-budget, polls in Italy likely by February The Times of India 10 December 2012 23 December 2012 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20121211093513/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/europe/Monti-to-quit-post-budget-polls-in-Italy-likely-by-February/articleshow/17551908.cms 11 December 2012 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/william-k-black/new-york-times-profile_b_2269009.html Why Is the Failed Monti a 'Technocrat' and the Successful Correa a 'Left-Leaning Economist'? Huffington Post 23 December 2012 In the approximately one year since Monti took office, unemployment rose by almost two percent. Previously Monti had controversially told the rising tide of youth unemployment to forget about a steady job for life, saying such is "monotonous [anyway and] it's nice to change and take on challenges." He also called for changes to Article 18 of the 1970 Workers Statute that forbids companies with over 15 employees from sacking an employee without "just cause", saying that it "can be pernicious for Italy's growth."http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=490165&IDCategoria=2694 https://archive.today/20130218124820/http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=490165&IDCategoria=2694 dead 18 February 2013 Monti tells young Italians to forget 'steady job for life' La Gazzetta del Mezzogiorno 23 December 2012 The same reforms and austerity-focused policies which upset many Italians are perceived to have improved international confidence in Italy.http://www.thomaswhite.com/pdf/Italian-election-results-and-your-investment-portfolio.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20160203065608/http://www.thomaswhite.com/pdf/Italian-election-results-and-your-investment-portfolio.pdf dead 3 February 2016 What Italy's Election Result May Mean for the Markets Thomaswhite.com 1 March 2013 Monti was supported by other Eurozone leaders, such as Germany's Angela Merkel and former French President Nicolas Sarkozy.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-20663413 Italy: Last days of Mario Monti BBC 10 December 2012 23 December 2012 Merkel's spokesman, Georg Streiter, said that she had "always worked well" with Monti and "had a relationship of esteem"; however, when asked about Berlusconi, he said it was not up to him to decide domestic politics of other countries.http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=575919&IDCategoria=2694 https://archive.today/20130218111619/http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=575919&IDCategoria=2694 dead 18 February 2013 Berlin praises Monti, no comment on Berlusconi La Gazzetta del Mezzogiorno 23 December 2012 German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schäuble added that he did not foresee "any destabilization in the euro-zone [but] expect[ed] Italy to keep going forward by respecting its European commitments."http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=575906&IDCategoria=2694 https://archive.today/20130218100610/http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=575906&IDCategoria=2694 dead 18 February 2013 Berlin expects Italy to respect commitments La Gazzetta del Mezzogiorno 23 December 2012 In reaction, financial markets fell on speculation of further instability;Nazareth Rita https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-12-10/u-s-stock-futures-decline-on-concern-over-italy.html U.S. Stocks Rise on China Amid American Budget Talks Bloomberg L.P. 10 December 2012 23 December 2012http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=575890&IDCategoria=2694 https://archive.today/20130218094325/http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=575890&IDCategoria=2694 dead 18 February 2013 European markets spooked by Monti resignation announcement La Gazzetta del Mezzogiorno 23 December 2012 specifically, Italian 10-year bond yields rose by 0.4% to reach 4.87% and the Italian stock exchange's flagship index dropped by over 3.5%.http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=575952&IDCategoria=2694 https://archive.today/20130218094141/http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/notizia.php?IDNotizia=575952&IDCategoria=2694 dead 18 February 2013 Italian spread soars, markets slump on Monti announcement La Gazzetta del Mezzogiorno 23 December 2012 Campaign thumb|right|220px|Pier Luigi Bersani with the president of Emilia-Romagna Vasco Errani during the electoral campaign From the summer of 2012, a number of parties and movements from the so-called "Third Pole" of the political spectrum, including Pier Ferdinando Casini's Union of the Centre (UdC), Gianfranco Fini's Future and Freedom (FLI), Luca Cordero di Montezemolo's Toward the Third Republic (VTR), as well as a number of other politicians from both PD and PdL, pushed for direct involvement of Mario Monti in an election. Monti's statement that he would resign after the budget was passed, was suggested by Reuters to be indicative of him seeking to run for office. Monti also told a press conference in France that "populism" was dangerous, and he further said that a failure to pass the budget "would render more serious the government crisis, also at a European level" and that his resignation would then be "irrevocable." The two largest parties in the parliament, the PdL and the Democratic Party (PD) said they would be willing to work together to expedite passage of the budget. PD Secretary Pier Luigi Bersani said: "Faced with the irresponsibility of the right that betrayed a commitment it made a year ago before the whole country, ... Monti responded with an act of dignity that we profoundly respect." PD Deputy Secretary Enrico Letta said of the PdL's withdrawal from the government that "the financial markets will judge this latest outburst by Berlusconi and they certainly will not judge it positively." Bersani had won the centre-left primary election shortly before the PdL withdrew from the government. Following a defeat in the primary, Mayor of Florence Matteo Renzi ruled out an approach, in writing, from Berlusconi's PdL to join the party during the election. In the following weeks, both PD and Left Ecology Freedom (SEL) announced their intention to hold primary elections for MP candidates on 29 and 30 December. The possibility of Monti directly involving himself in the election was seen as increasingly likely after the government crisis in December later that year, as Monti was invited to a European People's Party meeting at which Berlusconi was present too. A few days later, Monti published a political agenda for Italy, dubbed the "Monti agenda", and offered it to all political parties. After the Third Pole promptly agreed to use it as their own platform for the upcoming elections, talks started regarding a direct involvement of Monti as premiership candidate. On 28 December 2012, following a 4-hour meeting and after being publicly backed by the Vatican regarding a potential bid, Monti publicly announced his candidacy as head of the Third Pole, which ran in the Senate as a unique component provisionally named "Monti's Agenda for Italy", and in the Lower House as a coalition of several components.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-20859926 BBC News Mario Monti to lead Italy centrist coalition 28 December 2012 28 December 2012 thumb|left|220px|Beppe Grillo in Trento during the electoral campaign Berlusconi said the platform his party would run on includes opposition to Monti's economic performance, which he said put Italy into a "recessive spiral without end." He also told the media, on the sidelines of AC Milan's practice session (the football club he owns along with Mediaset, the largest media outlet in the country): "I race to win. To win, everyone said there had to be a tested leader. It's not that we did not look for one. We did, and how! But there isn't one. ... I'm doing it out of a sense of responsibility." Berlusconi and Five Star Movement (M5S) leader Beppe Grillo criticised the euro-zone and Germany's influence on European policy. Grillo wrote that the average Italian "is literally terrified about the prospects of five more years of Monti-like rule."Scherer Steve http://in.reuters.com/article/italy-berlusconi-monti-budget-idINDEE8B800N20121209?type=economicNews https://web.archive.org/web/20160203065611/http://in.reuters.com/article/italy-berlusconi-monti-budget-idINDEE8B800N20121209?type=economicNews dead 3 February 2016 Italy PM Monti says he will resign when budget passed Reuters 9 December 2012 23 December 2012 On 8 December 2012, a new political party formed around a think tank named "Fermare il Declino" (Stop the Decline), on an initiative by the economic journalist Oscar Giannino and supported by various economists. On 19 December 2012, the name "FARE per Fermare il Declino" ("ACT to Stop The Decline") was chosen, and a list was presented with Oscar Giannino as PM candidate. The party's programmehttp://www.interno.gov.it/mininterno/export/sites/default/it/assets/files/25_elezioni/57_FARE_PER_FERMARE_IL_DECLINO.PDF FARE per Farmare il Declino FARE per Fermare il Declino programme (PDF) 11 February 2013 19 December 2012 was also introduced, roughly inspiring to reduce the role of the State in the economy, reduce the national debt through disposing redundant assets, and to propose market liberalizations and privatizations. On 29 December 2012, a new coalition, Civil Revolution (RC), was formed with the support of Italy of Values (IdV), Orange Movement (MA), Communist Refoundation Party (PRC), Party of Italian Communists (PdCI) and Federation of the Greens (FdV). It is led by celebrity magistrate Antonio Ingroia and Mayor of Naples Luigi de Magistris. FdS co-leader Paolo Ferrero said it would be a "Fourth Pole" that would bring new hope for the left.http://tuttoggi.info/articolo/51000/ TO RIVOLUZIONE CIVILE" RACCOGLIE OGGI L'APPOGGIO DI RIFONDAZIONE COMUNISTA IN UMBRIA 30 December 2012 29 December 2012 Civil Revolution attempted to solicit M5S to join them, saying "the door is open." Grillo, however, turned them down, writing on his blog "is the door for M5S open? Well, thank you, but close the door again, please."http://www.huffingtonpost.it/2012/12/29/grillo-ingroia-chiuda-pure-la-porta_n_2381357.html?1356807443 Huffington Post Elezioni 2013, Beppe Grillo risponde all'apertura di Antonio Ingroia: "Chiuda pure la porta, suo movimento è una foglia di fico" 30 December 2012 29 December 2012 On 7 January 2013, Berlusconi announced he had penned a coalition agreement with the Northern League (LN); as part of it, PdL will support Roberto Maroni's bid for the presidency of Lombardy, and he will run as "leader of the coalition", but suggested he could accept a role as Minister of Economy under a cabinet headed by another PdL member, such as Angelino Alfano.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-20932312 BBC News Italy: Berlusconi and Northern League in election pact 7 January 2013 7 January 2013 Later that day, LN leader Maroni confirmed his party will not support a new candidacy of Berlusconi as prime minister in the case of an electoral win.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-20932312 BBC News Silvio Berlusconi 'won't stand for PM' 7 January 2013 7 January 2013 Electoral system The electoral system had been last reformed by Law no. 270, 21 December 2005.http://www.parlamento.it/parlam/leggi/05270l.htm L 270/2005 Parlamento.it 2005-12-21 2018-03-04 Chamber of Deputies For the election of the lower house,http://www.senato.it/Leg17/1013?testo_generico=4&voce_sommario=58 senato.it - Il Senato nel sistema bicamerale - La normativa vigente dopo la legge n. 270 del 2005 7 December 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20161220082840/http://www.senato.it/Leg17/1013?testo_generico=4&voce_sommario=58 20 December 2016 dead all seats in the Chamber of Deputies (excluding one deputy for the region of Aosta Valley and twelve deputies for Italians residing abroad) are allocated based on the national vote in a form of party-list proportional representation with a series of thresholds encouraging parties to form coalitions. Voters cast one vote for a closed list, meaning they cannot express a preference for individual candidates. Parties can choose to run in coalitions. Seats are first allocated based on coalition votes, then divided among parties belonging to the same coalition by the largest remainder method. To guarantee a working majority, the coalition or party that obtains a plurality of the vote, but fewer than 340 seats, is assigned additional seats to reach that number, which is roughly 54% of all seats. The autonomous region of Aosta Valley elects one deputy through a first-past-the-post system. Italians abroad are divided into four constituencies, which elect a total of twelve seats based on proportional representation. Senate For the election of the upper house, a similar system is used. However, the results are based on regional, rather than national, vote. This means the coalition or party that wins a plurality of votes in each region is guaranteed a majority of the seats assigned to that region. As this mechanism is region-based, opposing parties or coalitions may benefit from the majority bonus in different regions. It therefore does not guarantee any party or coalition a majority in the Senate. Three regions have exceptions to the system detailed above. In the region of Molise, that is granted two seats in the Senate, seats are allocated proportionally, with no majority bonus. The region of Aosta Valley, which elects one senator, uses a first-past-the-post system. Finally, the region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol elects seven senators with a limited compensatory system: six senators are elected in six single-member constituencies, while the seventh is allocated to the most underrepresented list based on the regional votes. Six seats in the Senate are assigned to Italians living abroad and are allocated using the same system used for the Chamber of Deputies. Constitutionality At the end of 2013, Italy's Constitutional Court declared that this electoral law failed to meet a number of constitutional requirements.Italy's top court rules electoral law breaches constitution https://www.reuters.com/article/us-italy-law-unconstitutional-idUSBRE9B30YW20131204 Reuters 4 December 2013Giudizio di legittimità costituzionale in via incidentale http://www.cortecostituzionale.it/actionSchedaPronuncia.do?tipo_view=P&anno=2014&numero=1 Corte Costituzionale della Repubblica Italiana The electoral system for the Chamber of Deputies was later reformed by Law no. 52, 6 May 2015 (commonly called Italicum).http://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/atto/serie_generale/caricaDettaglioAtto/originario?atto.dataPubblicazioneGazzetta=2015-05-08&atto.codiceRedazionale=15G00066&elenco30giorni=true Gazzetta Ufficiale it Gazzettaufficiale.it 2015-05-23 2018-03-04 Main coalitions and parties CoalitionPartyMain ideologySeats Party leaderCoalition leader C Chamber of Deputies S Senate of the Republic TotalCentre-right coalition The People of Freedom (PdL) Liberal conservatism 191Excluding FdI 146 337 Silvio BerlusconiSilvio Berlusconi Northern League (LN) Regionalism 58 22 80 Roberto Maroni Brothers of Italy (FdI) National conservatism 11In the PdL group 10 21 Giorgia Meloni Great South (GS) Regionalism 10 3 13 Gianfranco Micciché Movement for Autonomies (MpA) Regionalism 4 3 7 Raffaele Lombardo Popular Agreement (IP) Christian democracy 1 0 1 Giampiero Catone Pensioners' Party (PP) Pensioners' interests 0 1 1 Carlo Fatuzzo The Right (LD) Neo-fascism 0 0 0 Francesco Storace Moderates in Revolution (MIR) Liberal conservatism 0 0 0 Gianpiero Samorì frItaly. Common Good Democratic Party (PD) Social democracy 202Excluding the Moderates 104 306 Pier Luigi BersaniPier Luigi Bersani Democratic Centre (CD) Social liberalism 9 7 16 Bruno Tabacci South Tyrolean People's Party (SVP) Regionalism 2 3 5 Luis Durnwalder Moderates (Mod.) Liberalism 1In the PD group 0 1 Giacomo Portas Left Ecology Freedom (SEL) Democratic socialism 0 0 0 Nichi Vendola Italian Socialist Party (PSI) Social democracy 0 0 0 Riccardo Nencini The Megaphone (Meg.) Regionalism 0 0 0 Rosario CrocettaWith Monti for Italy Union of the Centre (UdC) Christian democracy 38 6 44 Pier Ferdinando CasiniMario Monti Future and Freedom (FLI) Liberal conservatism 24 7 31 Gianfranco Fini Civic Choice (SC) Liberalism 0 0 0 Mario MontiCivil Revolution (RC) Left-wing populism 15 10 25Antonio IngroiaFive Star Movement (M5S) Populism 0 0 0Beppe GrilloAct to Stop the Decline (FFD) Economic liberalism 0 0 0Oscar Giannino Opinion polling Opinion polling for the 2013 Italian general election center|thumb|800x800px|Six-point average trend line of poll results from 14 April 2008 to 25 February 2013, with each line corresponding to a political party#0087DC solid 5px PdL #F0001C solid 5px PD #008800 solid 5px LN #87CEFA solid 5px UdC #FFA500 solid 5px IdV #C80815 solid 5px SEL #FFEB3B solid 5px M5S #1C39BB solid 5px FLI #1560BD solid 5px SC #03386A solid 5px FdI #FF9900 solid 5px CD #FF6600 solid 5px RC 250px Results January 2022 Chamber of Deputies Overall results + ← Summary of the 24–25 February 2013 Chamber of Deputies election results → center|300pxCoalitionPartyItaly (19 regions)Aosta ValleyOverseasTotal seats +/–Votes % SeatsVotes % SeatsVotes % SeatsCentre-left coalitionDemocratic Party8,646,03425.432920287,97529.305297+80Left Ecology Freedom1,089,2313.2037017,4341.77037NewDemocratic Centre167,3280.496006NewSouth Tyrolean People's Party146,8000.435005+3Total seats 340 0 5 345 +99Five Star Movement 8,691,406 25.56 108 13,403 18.50 0 95,173 9.68 1 109 -118Centre-right coalitionThe People of Freedom7,332,13421.56970145,75114.83198−178Northern League1,390,5344.09182,3843.290018−42Brothers of Italy666,7651.9693,0514.21009NewTotal seats 124 0 1 125 -219With Monti for ItalyCivic Choice2,823,842 8.30370181,041 18.42239NewUnion of the Centre608,3211.7981,3551.8708−28Total seats 45 0 2 47 NewAssociative Movement of Italians Abroad00140,86814.3322+1South American Union of Italian Emigrants0043,9184.4711NewAosta Valley (UV–SA–FA)018,37625.36101+1Others2,443,3607.19033,86746.77070,7217.2000Total34,005,75510061772,4361001982,88110012630±0 Popular vote (Party) #ddd 550px 500px M5S Five Star Movement 25.56 PD Democratic Party (Italy) 25.43 PdL The People of Freedom 21.56 SC Civic Choice 8.30 LN Lega Nord 4.09 SEL Left Ecology Freedom 3.20 RC Civil Revolution 2.25 FdI Brothers of Italy 1.96 UdC Union of the Centre (2008) 1.79 FFD Stop the Decline 1.12 Others Other 4.74 Popular vote (Coalition) #ddd 550px 500px IBC Italy. Common Good 29.55 CDX Centre-right coalition (Italy) 29.18 M5S Five Star Movement 25.56 Monti With Monti for Italy 10.56 RC Civil Revolution 2.25 FFD Stop the Decline 1.12 Others Other 1.78 Seat distribution (Coalition) #ddd 550px 500px IBC Italy. Common Good 54.8 CDX Centre-right coalition (Italy) 19.8 M5S Five Star Movement 17.3 Monti With Monti for Italy 7.5 Others Other 0.6 Italy (except Aosta Valley) CoalitionPartyVotes%SeatsItaly. Common GoodDemocratic Party (PD)8,646,03425.43292Left Ecology Freedom (SEL)1,089,2313.2037Democratic Centre (CD)167,3280.496South Tyrolean People's Party (SVP)146,8000.435Total10,049,39329.55340Centre-right coalitionThe People of Freedom (PdL)7,332,13421.5697Northern League (LN)1,390,5344.0918Brothers of Italy (FdI)666,7651.969The Right (LD)219,5850.650Great South – MPA (GS–MPA)148,2480.440Moderates in Revolution (MIR)82,5570.240Pensioners' Party (PP)54,4180.160Popular Agreement (IP)26,1200.080Free for an Equable Italy (LIE)3,2390.010Total9,923,60029.18124Five Star Movement (M5S)8,691,40625.56108With Monti for ItalyCivic Choice (SC)2,823,8428.3037Incl. the Union for Trentino (UPT) party leader Lorenzo Dellai, who decided not to submit his own party list for the Monti-coalition, but opted to be a direct part of the Civic Choice list.http://www.ansa.it/web/notizie/regioni/trentino/2013/01/19/Senato-Trentino-insieme-Pd-Upt-Patt_8103671.html Senate in Trentino, with PD-UPT-PATT (coalition candidates common, such as in local government) it l'Adige 19 January 2013 28 February 2013 – only for Senate in: Trentino-Alto AdigeThe party instead opted to be part of the Monti-coalition in the "Chamber of Deputies election")http://www.ladige.it/articoli/2013/01/09/lista-monti-trentino-dellai-capolista-societa-civile List Monti in Trentino: Lorenzo Dellai and candidates from Societa' Civile it l'Adige 9 January 2013 28 February 2013 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20131029223109/http://www.ladige.it/articoli/2013/01/09/lista-monti-trentino-dellai-capolista-societa-civile 29 October 2013 http://www.ladige.it/blogs/elezioni-regionali-vince-l-idea-coalizione Regional elections, the idea of coalition wins it l'Adige 26 February 2013 28 February 2013 1 March 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20130301020952/http://www.ladige.it/blogs/elezioni-regionali-vince-l-idea-coalizione deadUnion of the Centre (UdC)608,3211.798Future and Freedom (FLI)159,3780.470Total3,591,54110.5645Civil Revolution (RC)765,1892.250Act to Stop the Decline (FFD)380,0441.120New Force (FN)90,0470.260Workers' Communist Party (PCL)89,6430.260Amnesty Justice Freedom List (AGL)65,0220.190Die Freiheitlichen (DF)48,3170.140CasaPound (CPI)47,9910.140Tricolour Flame (FT)44,4080.130I Love Italy (ALI)42,6030.120Venetian Independence (IV)33,2170.090Italian Liberal Party (PLI)27,9640.080Sardinian Action Party (PSd'Az)18,5920.050Venetian Republic League (LVR)15,8380.050Protest Vote12,7430.040Veneto State (VS)11,3980.030Italian Reformists (RI)8,2480.020Independence for Sardinia (IpS)7,4710.020Italian Republican Party (PRI)6,9100.020Sardinian Rebirth European Movement (MERIS)5,8970.020Communist Alternative Party (PdAC)5,1960.020The Pirates4,5570.010Project Italy Movement (MPI)3,9570.010Italian Missinian Refoundation (RMI)3,0910.010United Populars (PU)2,9920.010National Project (PN)2,8700.010Thought and Action Party (PPA)1,5260.000All Together for Italy1,4850,000Popular Union (UP)1,4750.000Atheist Democracy (DA)5980,000Stems of Italy5860,000Invalid/blank/unassigned votes1,265,171––Total34,005,755100.00617Registered voters/turnout46,905,15475.20–Source: Ministry of the Interior Notes close Results by region (except Aosta Valley) Region Italy. Common Good Centre-right coalition Five Star Movement With Monti for Italy Civil Revolution Others Abruzzo 26.2 29.5 29.9 8.9 3.3 2.2 Apulia 26.5 33.0 25.5 10.5 2.4 2.1 Basilicata 34.2 24.6 24.3 11.3 2.4 3.2 Calabria 28.3 30.2 24.9 10.5 2.9 3.2 Campania 26.0 35.6 22.2 11.3 2.6 2.3 Emilia-Romagna 40.2 20.9 24.7 9.3 1.9 3.0 Friuli-Venezia Giulia 27.5 28.0 27.2 12.9 2.1 2.3 Lazio 29.9 27.9 28.1 8.8 2.6 2.7 Liguria 31.1 23.0 32.1 9.9 2.1 1.8 Lombardy 28.2 35.7 19.6 12.1 1.6 2.8 Marche 31.1 21.2 32.1 10.7 2.2 2.7 Molise 28.8 28.4 27.7 10.7 3.4 1.0 Piedmont 28.3 28.1 27.5 12.1 2.1 1.9 Sardinia 29.5 23.7 29.7 9.4 2.8 4.9 Sicily 21.4 31.3 33.6 8.6 3.4 1.7 Trentino-Alto Adige 35.6 15.9 14.6 13.9 1.4 18.6 Tuscany 41.6 20.7 24.0 8.4 2.7 2.6 Umbria 35.6 24.3 27.2 9.6 2.5 0.8 Veneto 23.3 31.8 26.3 11.9 1.3 5.4 Aosta Valley 2013 Italian general election in Aosta Valley The autonomous region of Aosta Valley, in northwestern Italy, elects one member to the Chamber of Deputies through a direct first-past-the-post election. Some parties that formed electoral coalitions in Italy, might have opted to run against one another (or form different coalitions) in this particular region. Candidatehttp://elezioni.interno.it/senato/scrutini/20130224/seleS02001.htm#camera/scrutini/20130224/C270010000.htm Ministry of the Interior: Candidate list in Aosta for election to the Chambre of Deputies Elezioni.interno.it 2018-03-04 Party (or a unified coalition list) Total votes % Seats Rudi Marguerettaz (SA) Aosta Valley (UV–SA–FA) 18,376 25.36 1 Laurent Viérin Progressive Valdostan Union (UVP) 18,191 25.11 0 Jean Pierre Guichardaz Autonomy Liberty Democracy (ALD) 14,340 19.79 0 Roberto Ugo Massimo Cognetta Five Star Movement (M5S) 13,403 18.50 0 Giorgia Meloni Brothers of Italy (FdI) 3,051 4.21 0 Nicoletta Spelgatti Northern League (LN) 2,384 3.29 0 Lucia Bringhen Union of the Centre (UdC) 1,355 1.87 0 Fabrizio Buillet Act to Stop the Decline (FFD) 748 1.03 0 Andrea Ladu CasaPound (CPI) 443 0.61 0 Eros Campion Nation Val d'Outa 145 0.20 0 Total valid votes 72,436 – – Blank/void/unassigned votes 4,733 – – Total votes 77,169 100.00 1 Registered voters/turnout 100,277 76.95 –Source: Ministry of the Interior Overseas constituencies thumb|Electoral package sent to an Italian voter in South America Twelve members of the Chamber of Deputies are elected by Italians abroad. Two members are elected for North America and Central America (including most of the Caribbean), four members for South America (including Trinidad and Tobago), five members for Europe, and one member for the rest of the world (Africa, Asia, Oceania, and Antarctica). Voters in these regions select candidate lists and may also cast a preference vote for individual candidates. The seats are allocated by proportional representation. The electoral law allows for parties to form different coalitions on the lists abroad, compared to the lists in Italy. In the 2013 election, this freedom was used by Left Ecology Freedom to provide a list as an independent party, instead of making themselves available as part of the mainlands coalition with Democratic Party. Party (or a unified coalition list)Votes%SeatsDemocratic Party (PD)287,97529.305The 5 deputies from Democratic Party were elected by the following regions: Europe (2), North- and Central America (1), South America (1), remaining world (1).http://elezioni.interno.it/camera/monitor/20130224/CJelenco.htm Elections 2013: Elected candidates abroad for the Chamber of Deputies 26 February 2013 26 February 2013 Ministry of the Interior PD representation from abroad in the Chamber of DeputiesWith Monti for Italy181,04118.422The 2 deputies from the Monti-coalition were elected by the following regions: Europe (1), North- and Central America (1). Monti representation from abroad in the Chamber of DeputiesThe People of Freedom (PdL)145,75114.831The deputy from the Berlusconi-coalition was elected by the following region: Europe (1). Berlusconi representation from abroad in the Chamber of DeputiesAssociative Movement of Italians Abroad (MAIE)140,86814.332The 2 deputies from MAIE were elected by the following region: South America (2). MAIE representation from abroad in the Chamber of DeputiesFive Star Movement (M5S)95,1739.681The deputy from the Five Star Movement was elected by the following region: Europe (1). Five Star Movement representation from abroad in the Chamber of DeputiesSouth American Union of Italian Emigrants (USEI)43,9184.471The deputy from USEI was elected by the following region: South America (1). USEI representation from abroad in the Chamber of DeputiesItalians for Freedom22,3482.270Left Ecology Freedom (SEL)17,4341.770Civil Revolution (RC)16,0331.630Union of Italians for South America11,3301.150Act to Stop the Decline (FFD)10,1951.040Communist Party (PC)6,9770.710Together for the Italians3,8380.390Invalid/blank/unassigned votes121,108––Total982,881100.0012Registered voters/turnout3,494,68731.59–Source: Ministry of the Interior Notes close Map center|800pxSeat totals by constituency. As this is a MB election, seat totals are determined by the national popular vote, benefiting the largest coalition nationwide. Senate of the Republic Overall results + ← Summary of 24–25 February 2013 Senate of the Republic election results → center|300pxCoalitionPartyItaly (18 regions)Aosta ValleyTrentino-Alto AdigeOverseasTotal seats +/−Votes % SeatsVotes % SeatsVotes % Seats Votes % SeatsCentre-left coalitionDemocratic Party8,400,25527.431050281,21750.606274,73230.704111−7Left Ecology Freedom912,3742.977007NewThe Megaphone138,5810.451001NewSVP – PATT0004±0Total seats 113 0 6 4 123 -9Five Star Movement7,285,85023.795413,76020.71082,49915.14089,56210.10054NewCentre-right coalitionThe People of Freedom6,829,37322.30980 85,298 15.65 1136,05215.20098−49Northern League1,328,5554.33172,6083.920018−7Great South122,1000.3910001NewTotal seats 116 0 1 0 117 -57With Monti for Italy2,797,4869.13181,5942.3906,6461.390177,40219.80119NewAssociative Movement of Italians Abroad000120,29013.4311±0Aosta Valley (UV–SA–FA)024,60937.031001±0Others3,936,7769.21023,86835.95089,17817.220150,02910.7700Total31,751,35010030166,4391001544,8381007948,0671006315±0 Popular vote (Party) #ddd 550px 500px PD Democratic Party (Italy) 27.43 M5S Five Star Movement 23.79 PdL People of Freedom 22.30 Monti Civic Choice 9.13 LN Lega Nord 4.33 SEL Left Ecology Freedom 2.97 FdI Brothers of Italy 1.92 RC Civil Revolution 1.79 Others Other 6.34 Popular vote (Coalition) #ddd 550px 500px IBC Italy. Common Good 31.6 CDX Centre-right coalition (Italy) 30.7 M5S Five Star Movement 23.8 Monti With Monti for Italy 9.1 Others Other 5.4 Seat distribution (Coalition) #ddd 550px 500px IBC Italy. Common Good 39.1 CDX Centre-right coalition (Italy) 37.1 M5S Five Star Movement 17.1 Monti With Monti for Italy 6.0 Others Other 0.6 Italy (except Aosta Valley and Trentino-Alto Adige) CoalitionPartyVotes%SeatsItaly. Common GoodDemocratic Party (PD)8,400,25527.43105Left Ecology Freedom (SEL)912,3742.977Democratic Centre (CD)163,4270.530The Megaphone (Meg.)138,5810.451 Italian Socialist Party (PSI)57,6880.180Moderates (Mod.)14,3580.040Total9,686,68331.63113Centre-right coalitionThe People of Freedom (PdL)6,829,37322.3098Northern League (LN)1,328,5554.3317Brothers of Italy (FdI)590,0831.920The Right (LD)221,1120.720Pensioners' Party (PP)123,4580.400Great South (GS)122,1000.391Moderates in Revolution (MIR)69,6490.220Party of Sicilians–MPA (PdS–MPA)48,6180.150Popular Agreement (IP)24,9790.080Cantiere Popolare (CP)21,6850.070Enough Taxes!19,2980.060Free for an Equable Italy (LIE)6,7690.020Total9,405,67930.71116 Five Star Movement (M5S)7,285,85023.7954With Monti for Italy (CMI)2,797,4869.1318Civil Revolution (RC)549,9871.790Act to Stop the Decline (FFD)278,3960.900Workers' Communist Party (PCL)113,9350.370New Force (FN)81,5190.260 Amnesty Justice Freedom List (AGL)63,1490.200Tricolour Flame (FT)52,1060.170I Love Italy (ALI)40,7810.130CasaPound (CPI)40,5400.130Venetian Independence (IV)29,6960.090Venetian Republic League (LVR)20,3810.060Ottavio Pasqualucci's coalitionLet's halve the salary for politicians7,9680.020No to the closure of hospitals7,5470.020Long Live Italy4,7590.010Total20,2740.060Sardinian Action Party (PSd'Az)18,6020.060Rural Civility Development (CRS)13,9450.040Stand Up Abruzzo!11,8170.030Marxist–Leninist Italian Communist Party (PCIM-L)9,6040.030Veneto State (VS)8,9500.020Italian Republican Party (PRI)8,4760.020Women for Italy7,6100.020Independence for Sardinia (IpS)7,4940.020Padanian Union (UP)7,3240.020United Populars (PU)6,5830.020The Pirates6,2650.020Italian Reformists (RI)5,9520.010Sardinian Rebirth European Movement (MERIS)5,5800.010Communist Alternative Party (PdAC)5,1760.010Action Party for Development (PAS)4,5220.010National Project (PN)3,8220.010The Base Sardinia3,3860.010All Together for Italy3,1550.010Italian Missinian Refoundation (RMI)2,7170.000EuWoman Movement2,6890.000Building Democracy2,6350.000Project Italy Movement (MPI)1,4510.000Party of the South (PdS)1,2760.000Italian Naturalist Movement (MNI)1,1700.000Lucanian Community8820.000Invalid/blank votes1,133,805––Total31,751,350100.00301Registered voters/turnout42,271,96775.11–Source: Ministry of the Interior Aosta Valley The semi-autonomous region of Aosta Valley, in northwestern Italy, elects one member to the Senate through a direct first-past-the-post election. Some parties that formed electoral coalitions in Italy, might have opted to run against one another (or form different coalitions) in this particular region. Candidatehttp://elezioni.interno.it/senato/scrutini/20130224/seleS02001.htm#senato/scrutini/20130224/S020010000.htm Ministry of the Interior: Candidate list in Aosta for election to the Senate Elezioni.interno.it 2018-03-04 Party (or a unified coalition list) Total votes % Seats Albert Lanièce (UV) Aosta Valley (UV–SA–FA) 24,609 37.03 1 Patrizia Morelli Autonomy Liberty Democracy (ALD) 20,430 30.75 0 Stefano Ferrero Five Star Movement (M5S) 13,760 20.71 0 Sandra Maria Cane Northern League (LN) 2,608 3.92 0 Paolo Dalbard The Right (LD) 2,014 3.03 0 Luigi Bracci Union of the Centre (UdC) 1,594 2.39 0 Enrico Martial Act to Stop the Decline (FFD) 814 1.22 0 Vilma Margaria CasaPound (CPI) 424 0.63 0 Giovanni Battista Mascia Nation Val d'Outa 186 0.27 0 Total valid votes 66,439 – – Blank/void/unassigned votes 5,280 – – Total votes 71,719 100.00 1 Registered voters/turnout 93,040 77.08 – Source: Ministry of the Interior Trentino-Alto Adige/South Tyrol 2013 Italian general election in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol The semi-autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige in north Italy, including South Tyrol, elects seven members to the Senate through its six constituencies. Each constituency elects one senator by first-past-the post, while the seventh seat attributed to the region is filled by the most underrepresented party based on the overall regional result (mixed-member proportional system). Some parties that formed electoral coalitions in Italy, might have opted to run against one another (or form different coalitions) in this particular region. Party (or a unified coalition list) Total votes % Seats SVP – PATT – PD – UPT (only Trentino) 127,656 23.43 3Franco Panizza (PATT), Giorgio Tonini (PD), Vittorio Fravezzi (UPT) South Tyrolean People's Party (SVP) (only Brixen and Merano constituencies) 97,141 17.82 2Karl Johann Berger (Brixen) and Karl Zeller (Merano) The People of Freedom – Northern League (PdL–LN) 85,298 15.65 1Sergio Divina (LN) Five Star Movement (M5S) 82,499 15.14 0 PD – SVP (only Bolzano constituency) 47,623 8.74 1Francesco Palermo (PD) Die Freiheitlichen (DF) (only South Tyrol) 42,094 7.72 0 Greens (VGV) (only Brixen and Merano constituencies) 12,808 2.34 0 Civil Revolution (RC) 11,262 2.06 0 Democratic Party (PD) (only Brixen and Merano constituencies) 8,797 1.61 0 Act to Stop the Decline (FFD) (only Bolzano constituency and Trentino) 8,796 1.61 0 With Monti for Italy (only Brixen and Merano constituencies) 6,646 1.39 0 Alto Adige in the Heart (AAC) 4,672 0.85 0 Moderates in Revolution (MIR) (only Trentino) 3,414 0.62 0 Brothers of Italy (FdI) (only Bolzano constituency) 3,414 0.62 0 The Right (LD) (only South Tyrol) 1,181 0.21 0 CasaPound (CPI) (only Bolzano constituency) 1,160 0.21 0 Party for All (only Bolzano constituency) 426 0.07 0 Total valid votes 544,838 – – Blank/void/unassigned votes 30,437 – – Total votes 575,275 100.00 7 Registered voters/turnout 707,666 81.29 –Source: Ministry of the Interior Overseas constituencies Six members of the Senate are elected by Italians abroad. One member is elected for North America and Central America (including most of the Caribbean), two members for South America (including Trinidad and Tobago), two members for Europe, and one member for the rest of the world (Africa, Asia, Oceania, and Antarctica). Voters in these regions select candidate lists and may also cast a preference vote for individual candidates. The seats are allocated by proportional representation. The election law allow for parties to form other electoral coalitions on the lists abroad, compared to the lists in Italy. In the 2013 electional list for the Senate all parties were listed independently without any coalitions formed. None of the parties were neither in internal coalitions at the mainland; so in 2013 the electoral situation abroad actually was not different compared to the electoral situation at the mainland. Party (or a unified coalition list)Votes%SeatsDemocratic Party (PD) 274,732 30.7 4The 4 senators from Democratic Party were elected by the following regions: Europe (1), North- and Central America (1), South America (1), remaining world (1).http://elezioni.interno.it/senato/monitor/20130224/SJelenco.htm Elections 2013: Elected candidates for the senate (abroad) 28 February 2013 28 February 2013 Ministry of the Interior Regional representation (PD)With Monti for Italy 177,402 19.8 1Aldo Di Biagio, The senator from the Monti-coalition (FLI) was elected by the following region: Europe (1). Regional representation (Monti)The People of Freedom (PdL) 136,052 15.2 0Associative Movement of Italians Abroad (MAIE) 120,290 13.4 1The senator from MAIE was elected by the following region: South America (1). Regional representation (MAIE)Five Star Movement (M5S) 89,562 10.0 0South American Union of Italian Emigrants (USEI) 38,223 4.3 0Italians for Freedom 15,260 1.7 0Civil Revolution (RC) 14,134 1.6 0Union of Italians for South America 10,881 1.2 0Act to Stop the Decline (FFD) 7,892 0.9 0Communist Party (PC) 7,578 0.8 0Together for the Italians 3,223 0.4 0Invalid/blank/unassigned votes 108,150––Total948,067100.006Registered voters/turnout 3,149,501 30.1 –Source: Ministry of the Interior Notes close Seats by region RegionCoalitionsMajority bonuswinnerSenators 80px|link=Italy. Common Good 60px|link=Centre-right coalition (Italy) 60px|link=Five Star Movement 60px|link=With Monti for Italy Others LombardyLombardy11 (PD)16 (PdL)11 (LN)7 (M5S)4 (CMI)CDX49 CampaniaCampania5 (PD)1 (SEL)16 (PdL)5 (M5S)2 (CMI)CDX29 LazioLazio14 (PD)2 (SEL)6 (PdL)6 (M5S)IBC28 SicilySicily4 (PD)1 (IM-LC)14 (PdL)6 (M5S)CDX25 VenetoVeneto4 (PD)9 (PdL)5 (LN)4 (M5S)2 (CMI)CDX24 PiedmontPiedmont13 (PD)3 (PdL)1 (LN)3 (M5S)2 (CMI)IBC22 Emilia-RomagnaEmilia-Romagna13 (PD)4 (PdL)4 (M5S)1 (CMI)IBC22 ApuliaApulia3 (PD)1 (SEL)11 (PdL)4 (M5S)1 (CMI)CDX20 TuscanyTuscany9 (PD)1 (SEL)3 (PdL)4 (M5S)1 (CMI)IBC18 CalabriaCalabria2 (PD)5 (PdL)1 (GS)2 (M5S)CDX10 SardiniaSardinia4 (PD)1 (SEL)1 (PdL)2 (M5S)IBC8 LiguriaLiguria5 (PD)1 (PdL)1 (M5S)1 (CMI)IBC8 MarcheMarche5 (PD)1 (PdL)1 (M5S)1 (CMI)IBC8 AbruzzoAbruzzo1 (PD)4 (PdL)2 (M5S)CDX7 Friuli Venezia GiuliaFriuli-Venezia Giulia4 (PD)1 (PdL)1 (M5S)1 (CMI)IBC7 Trentino-Alto AdigeTrentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol3 (SVP–PATT–PD–UPT)1 (PD–SVP)1 (PdL)2 (SVP)N/A7 UmbriaUmbria4 (PD)1 (PdL)1 (M5S)1 (CMI)IBC7 BasilicataBasilicata3 (PD)1 (SEL)1 (PdL)1 (M5S)1 (CMI)IBC7 MoliseMolise1 (PD)1 (PdL)N/A2 Aosta ValleyAosta Valley1 (VA)N/A1 Italians abroad4 (PD)1 (CMI)1 (MAIE)N/A6 Total 121 117 54 19 4 315 Map center|800pxSeat totals by constituency. As this is a MB election, seat totals are determined by the regional popular vote, benefiting the largest coalition in each region. Reactions In most of the rest of Europe, Bersani would have had more than enough support to form a government in his own right, as Italy Common Good won a decisive majority in the Chamber of Deputies. In Italy, unlike in most other parliamentary democracies, the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate have equal power. Governments must thus maintain the confidence of both houses, and require a majority in both houses to pass legislation. As Italy Common Good was 35 seats short of a majority in the Senate, it could not form government on its own. Bersani said that Italy was in a "dramatic situation". Italian and global shares fell as the result became clear, with the value of the euro also dropping.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-21594836 Italy election: Nation in dramatic situation – Bersani BBC 26 February 2013 27 February 2013 Strong results for anti-austerity parties were interpreted as showing popular opposition to the austerity measures of the Monti government,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-21591246 Italian voters declare opposition to austerity BBC 26 February 2013 27 February 2013 Cassidy, Nigel with the populist Five Star Movement considered to have had a strong election. Analysts were uncertain as to how this new party would behave in the legislature. On 26 February, La Repubblica ran the headline "Boost for Grillo: Italy ungovernable",http://www.presseurop.eu/en/content/news-brief/3461591-boost-grillo-italy-ungovernable Boost for Grillo: Italy ungovernable La Repubblica 26 February 2013 27 February 2013 4 May 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20130504005136/http://www.presseurop.eu/en/content/news-brief/3461591-boost-grillo-italy-ungovernable dead whilst Il Giornale described Berlusconi's result as a miracle.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-21587150 Italian media see instability following poll deadlock BBC 26 February 2013 27 February 2013 Il Messaggero declared: "The winner is ungovernability." Government formation Letta Cabinet thumb|180px|Enrico Letta in 2013 Formal talks to form a new government were expected to start on 10 March with the official confirmation of the results and the convening of the Italian Parliament.http://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2013/02/201322611124347157.html Italy faces political deadlock after vote Al Jazeera 26 February 2013 27 February 2013 The formation task immediately turned out to be tough due to the absence of a clear majority in the Senate, with Giorgio Napolitano being unable to dissolve Parliament due to constitutional constraints forbidding a president from doing so during the last six months of his term. On 22 March, after the election of house speakers Laura Boldrini and Piero Grasso, and after two days of consultations with all the parliamentary groups, Napolitano designated Pier Luigi Bersani with the task of forming a new government. Bersani immediately ruled out the possibility of a grand coalition with Berlusconi's right-wing coalition, and instead tried to form a minority government supported by the Five Star Movement. On 28 March, after formal talks with Napolitano, Bersani admitted there was no chance to form such a government. Given the troubles in forming a majority coalition, Napolitano then decided to directly form two informal bipartisan commissions with the task of agreeing on a number of shared reforms.Amend Article 66 of the Constitution so as to give to an independent and impartial tribunal the decision on the electoral procedure, on ineligibility and incompatibility, taking it from Parliament: this is one of the proposals the 'sages' suggested in their report to the Head of State Buonomo Giampiero Elezioni (ed eletti) sub iudice Golem Informazione 2013 https://www.questia.com/projects#!/project/89408090 10 April 2016 11 December 2019 Questia subscription https://web.archive.org/web/20191211140818/https://www.questia.com/projects#!/project/89408090 dead At the same time, a new presidential election was called for 18 April. However, the lack of a clear majority turned out to be problematic also in this scenario, as the first five ballots failed to elect a candidate. The Democratic Party split into several factions due to internal conflicts involving the support of party candidates Franco Marini and Romano Prodi, leading to Bersani's resignation as party leader. On the sixth ballot, in an unprecedented move, Napolitano was elected for a second term as Italian president.April 2013 Successively, Napolitano started talks again and on 24 April appointed the Democratic Party's deputy secretary Enrico Letta as designated prime ministerhttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-04-24/letta-named-italian-prime-minister-as-political-impasse-ends.html Letta Named Italian Prime Minister as Impasse Ends Bloomberg L.P. 24 April 2013 8 June 2013 on 28 April, he announced that he had managed to form a grand coalition of his Democratic Party, the People of Freedom, Civic Choice, the Union of the Centre and the Radicals that would take office and seek a vote of confidence the next day. The same day as the swearing-in a gunman opened fire at the prime minister's office, Palazzo Chigi, injuring two police officers.http://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2013/04/201342810390996337.html Gunshots fired as Italy cabinet sworn in Al Jazeera English 28 April 2013 8 June 2013 Letta told parliament in his inaugural speech "Italy is dying from austerity alone. Growth policies cannot wait." He added that there would not be a property tax imposed and that a "fairer" system for the less affluent was being worked.http://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2013/04/201342915518790471.html Italy government braces for confidence vote Al Jazeera English 29 April 2013 8 June 2013 He also won the vote of confidence by 453 votes to 153.https://www.reuters.com/article/italy-vote-idUSL2N0DG04S20130429 UPDATE 4-Italy's Letta wins confidence vote after pledging growth drive Reuters 29 April 2013 8 June 2013 Notes nb Literature Diamanti Ilvo Un salto nel voto: ritratto politico dell'Italia di oggi Laterza Roma 2013 9788858109090 Paolo Segatti The Italian election of February 2013: A temporary shock or a harbinger of a new party system Beretta Silvio Berkofsky Axel Rugge Fabio Italy and Japan: how similar are they?: A comparative analysis of politics, economics, and international relations 121–136 Springer Milan 2014 9788847025677 10.1007/978-88-470-2568-4_8 . Perspectives in Business Culture Preview of chapter. Galasso Vincenzo Nannicini Tommaso So closed: political selection in proportional systems European Journal of Political Economy 40 B 260–273 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2015.04.008 December 2015 55902803 https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:igi:igierp:526 (Uses data from the Italian general election of 2013.) See also Politics of Italy History of the Italian Republic#Second Republic (1992–present) References 30em External links 2013 Italian Parliamentary Election Pre-Election Report, The Monkey Cage, 19 February 2013 Italy Election Data, European Journal of Political Research-Political Data Yearbook: Interactive 2013 General election General