1890 New Zealand general election

none April 2024 April 2022 1890 general election New Zealand parliamentary no 1887 New Zealand general election 1887 10th New Zealand Parliament 1893 New Zealand general election 1893 12th New Zealand Parliament All 74 seats in the New Zealand House of Representatives 38 seats were needed for a majority 27 November (Māori) & 5 December (general) 1890 members 80.4% 220x220px John Ballance 6 July 1889 New Zealand Liberal Party Wanganui 34 seats 40 6 76,548 56.1% 220x220px Harry Atkinson 25 September 1883 Conservative (New Zealand) Egmont 52 seats 25 27 39,338 28.9% 1890 New Zealand general election - Results.svg 400px Results of the election. Premier Subsequent Premier Harry Atkinson John Ballance Conservative (New Zealand) New Zealand Liberal Party The 1890 New Zealand general election was one of New Zealand's most significant.Atkinson, Neill (2003), Adventures in Democracy: A History of the Vote in New Zealand, p.81 It marked the beginning of party politics in New Zealand with the formation of the Liberal Government, which was to enact major welfare, labour and electoral reforms, including giving the vote to women. It was also the first election in which there was no legal plural voting. Multi-member electorates were re-introduced in the four main centres and the 'country quota' (which gave more weight to rural votes) was increased to 28%. Following the election and the resignation of the previous government headed by Harry Atkinson, John Ballance formed the first Liberal Party ministry, taking office on 24 January 1891. At this stage no formal party organisation existed, but the formation of the Liberal ministry signalled the end of the system by which governments were made up of a loose and unstable coalition of independent MPs and the beginning of the 'party system'. Electoral redistribution In December 1887, the House of Representatives voted to reduce its membership from general electorates from 91 to 70. The 1890 electoral redistribution used the same 1886 census data used for the 1887 electoral redistribution. In addition, three-member electorates were introduced in the four main centres.McRobie 1989 54ff This resulted in a major restructuring of electorates, with 12 new electorates created. Of those, four electorates were created for the first time: Te Aroha, Halswell, Dunedin Suburbs, and Palmerston. The remaining eight electorates had previously existed and were re-created through the 1890 electoral redistribution: City of Auckland, City of Christchurch, City of Dunedin, City of Wellington, Ellesmere, Franklin, Geraldine, and Westland. 74 MPs were elected to the 11th session of the New Zealand Parliament.The New Parliament https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=OW18901211.1.17 23 June 2012 Otago Witness 1921 11 December 1890 17 The Māori electorates voted on 27 November and the European (now known as General) electorates on 5 December. There were 183,171 voters registered in the sixty-two European electorates, which returned a total of 70 members.General elections 1853–2005 – dates & turnout http://www.elections.org.nz/events/past-events/general-elections-1853-2014-dates-and-turnout Elections New Zealand 12 September 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20141114115332/http://www.elections.org.nz/events/past-events/general-elections-1853-2014-dates-and-turnout 14 November 2014 dead This figure includes 13,668 voters in the six electorates where there was an unopposed return. 136,337 valid votes were cast in European electorates, including additional votes cast in the four three-member electorates. Results Party totals Note that as the election was held before the establishment of formal political parties, the figures should only be regarded as an approximate indication of the division of political opinion. center Election results PartyCandidatesTotal votesPercentageSeats won New Zealand Liberal Party6976,54856.1%40 Conservative (New Zealand)5439,33828.9%25 Independent politician5620,45115.0%9Total179136,33774 Votes summary Popular vote #ddd 650px 410px Liberal New Zealand Liberal Party 56.1 Conservatives Conservative (New Zealand) 28.9 Independents Independent politician 15.0 Parliament seats #ddd 650px 410px Liberal New Zealand Liberal Party 54.1 Conservatives Conservative (New Zealand) 33.8 Independents Independent politician 12.2 Mackie and Rose suggest there was a 74.4% turnout, based on valid votes cast as a percentage of the registered electors. The official turnout figure is 80.4%, calculated on a different basis (see the Elections New Zealand official results web-site link below for further details of the changing methods used to calculate the official turnout). The Māori vote, for the remaining four seats, was held on 27 November. Maori electorates did not have electoral rolls so their voting figures and percentages are not included above. Electorate results The following table shows the results of the 1890 general election. Six European members were returned unopposed. Key New Zealand Liberal Party Conservative (New Zealand) Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) Independent Liberal Independent politician Electorate results for the 1890 New Zealand general electionThe General Election, 1890 https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1891-I.2.1.6.2 National Library 25 February 2012 1–3 1891Parliamentary candidates https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=CHP18901129.2.32 18 April 2012 The Press 29 November 1890 XLVIL 7722 5 |- |colspan=8 style="background-color:#FFDEAD" | General electorates |- Akaroa Alexander McGregor Conservative (New Zealand) John Joyce New Zealand Liberal Party 107 Alexander McGregor Conservative (New Zealand) Ashburton William Campbell Walker New Zealand Liberal Party Edward George Wright Conservative (New Zealand) 16 Rev. James Wright SawleObituary https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=CHP19201009.2.8 24 November 2013 The Press 9 October 1920 LVI 16961 3 New Zealand Liberal Party Ashley John Verrall Independent politician Richard Meredith New Zealand Liberal Party 38 James Dupré Lance Independent politician |- | rowspan=3 | City of Auckland | rowspan=3 colspan=2 style="text-align:center; background-color:#ececec;" | New electorate | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | William Lee Rees | style="text-align:right;" | 260 | style="background-color:Independent politician;" | | style="text-align:center;" | Adam Porter |- | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | Thomas Thompson | style="text-align:right;" | 442 | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;" | William Joseph Napier |- | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | John Shera | style="text-align:right;" | 1,013 | style="background-color:Conservative (New Zealand);" | | style="text-align:center;" | James Wallis |- Avon Edwin Blake New Zealand Liberal Party 186 George Stead Conservative (New Zealand) Awarua Joseph Ward New Zealand Liberal Party Bay of Islands Richard Hobbs Independent politician Robert Houston New Zealand Liberal Party 11 James Trounsen Conservative (New Zealand) Bruce Crawford Anderson Independent politician James William Thomson Conservative (New Zealand) 494 James SmithBruce Electoral District https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=BH18901128.2.5.5 26 November 2013 Bruce Herald 28 November 1890 XXI 2219 2 Conservative (New Zealand) Buller Eugene O'Conor Independent politician |- | rowspan=3 | City of Christchurch | rowspan=3 colspan=2 style="text-align:center; background-color:#ececec;" | New electorate | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | William Pember Reeves | style="text-align:right;" | 802 | style="background-color:Conservative (New Zealand);" | | style="text-align:center;" | John Tippett Smith |- | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | Westby Perceval | style="text-align:right;" | 945 | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;" | Edward Wingfield Humphreys |- | style="background-color:Independent politician;" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | Richard Molesworth Taylor | style="text-align:right;" | 2,494 | style="background-color:Conservative (New Zealand);" | | style="text-align:center;" | Eden George |- Clutha Thomas Mackenzie Conservative (New Zealand) Dunedin Suburbs William Dawson New Zealand Liberal Party 420 Archibald Hilson Ross Conservative (New Zealand) |- | rowspan=3 | City of Dunedin | rowspan=3 colspan=2 style="text-align:center; background-color:#ececec;" | New electorate | style="background-color:Liberal–Labour (New Zealand);" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | David Pinkerton | style="text-align:right;" | 348 | style="background-color:Conservative (New Zealand);" | | style="text-align:center;" | James AllenElection Notices https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=ODT18901129.2.31.2 26 November 2013 Otago Daily Times 29 November 1890 9975 3 |- | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | Henry Fish | style="text-align:right;" | 995 | style="background-color:Conservative (New Zealand);" | | style="text-align:center;" | Richard Henry Leary |- | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | William Hutchison | style="text-align:right;" | 998 | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;" | Alfred Lee Smith |- East Coast Alexander Creighton Arthur Conservative (New Zealand) William Kelly New Zealand Liberal Party 14 Alexander Creighton Arthur Conservative (New Zealand) Eden Edwin Mitchelson Conservative (New Zealand) 91 Joseph GreenwoodMr Greenwood's Dry Humour https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=TO18901101.2.2.9 26 June 2012 Observer X 618 1 November 1890 4 New Zealand Liberal Party Egmont Harry Atkinson Conservative (New Zealand) 305 Felix McGuire Independent politician Ellesmere John Hall Conservative (New Zealand) 105 John McLachlan New Zealand Liberal Party Franklin Ebenezer Hamlin Conservative (New Zealand) 102 Benjamin Harris Independent Liberal Geraldine Arthur Rhodes Conservative (New Zealand) 323 Searby Buxton New Zealand Liberal Party Grey Arthur Guinness New Zealand Liberal Party 19 William Hugh JonesPublic Notices https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=GRA18900926.2.10.5 22 November 2013 Grey River Argus 26 September 1890 XXXIX 6871 2 Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) Halswell William Rolleston Conservative (New Zealand) 200 Francis Samuel Parker Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) Hawke's Bay William Russell Conservative (New Zealand) 659 Charles William ReardonHawke's Bay Electorate 2 December 1893 XXVIII 9544 Hawke's Bay Herald https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=HBH18931202.2.18.2 30 November 2013 3 New Zealand Liberal Party Heathcote Frederic Jones Independent politician William Tanner Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) 212 Heaton Rhodes Conservative (New Zealand) Hutt Alfred Newman Conservative (New Zealand) 178 George Thomas LondonElection News https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP18901126.2.33 22 November 2013 The Evening Post 26 November 1890 XL 127 2 New Zealand Liberal Party Inangahua Richard Reeves New Zealand Liberal Party 1 John DrakeGeneral Election https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=IT18901117.2.10.5 22 November 2013 Inangahua Times XV 20881 17 November 1890 2 Conservative (New Zealand) Invercargill Henry Feldwick New Zealand Liberal Party James Kelly Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) 116 James Walker Bain Conservative (New Zealand) Kaiapoi Edward Richardson New Zealand Liberal Party Richard Moore Conservative (New Zealand) 387 William HobanAshley Electoral District https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=CHP18901128.2.59.6 22 November 2013 The Press 28 November 1890 XLVIL 7721 8 Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) Manukau Sir Maurice O'Rorke New Zealand Liberal Party Frank Buckland Conservative (New Zealand) 80 Sir Maurice O'Rorke New Zealand Liberal Party Marsden Robert Thompson Conservative (New Zealand) 176 Albert ElliotMarsden Electoral District https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NA18901129.2.16.3 26 June 2012 The Northern Advocate 29 November 1890 2 New Zealand Liberal Party Masterton George Beetham Conservative (New Zealand) Alexander Hogg New Zealand Liberal Party 18 George Beetham Conservative (New Zealand) Mataura George Richardson Conservative (New Zealand) 123 John Gideon FraserGore https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=OW18901120.2.81.4 27 November 2013 Otago Witness 20 November 1890 1918 30 New Zealand Liberal Party Mount Ida Scobie Mackenzie Conservative (New Zealand) 105 Vincent Pyke New Zealand Liberal Party Napier John Davies Ormond Conservative (New Zealand) George Swan Conservative (New Zealand) 133 Michael GannonOliver Steven 2w36 Kate Wyllie 19 January 2019 Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) Nelson Joseph Harkness Conservative (New Zealand) 15 John Kerr New Zealand Liberal Party New Plymouth Oliver Samuel New Zealand Liberal Party Edward Smith New Zealand Liberal Party 23 John Elliot Conservative (New Zealand) Newton David Goldie New Zealand Liberal Party Oamaru Thomas Hislop Conservative (New Zealand) Tom Duncan New Zealand Liberal Party 470 Thomas Hislop Conservative (New Zealand) Palmerston James Wilson Conservative (New Zealand) 61 Frederick Pirani Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) Parnell Frank Lawrynb Lawry stood in support of the Atkinson Ministry but changed allegiance to the Liberals in 1891 Conservative (New Zealand) 209 James Marshall LennoxThe Contest in Parnell https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=AS18931125.2.17 4 December 2012 Auckland Star XXIV 280 25 November 1893 4 Independent Liberal Peninsula William Larnach New Zealand Liberal Party William Earnshaw Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) 128 William Larnach New Zealand Liberal Party Port Chalmers James Mills Independent politician 227 John A. Millar Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) Rangitikei Robert Bruce Conservative (New Zealand) Douglas Macarthur Conservative (New Zealand) 32 Francis Arkwright Conservative (New Zealand) Selwyn John Hall Conservative (New Zealand) Alfred Saunders Independent politician 51 Thomas Anson Conservative (New Zealand) Taieri Walter Carncross New Zealand Liberal Party 124 William Snow Independent politician Te Aroha William Allen Independent politician 175 William Fraser New Zealand Liberal Party Thames William Fraser New Zealand Liberal Party Alfred Cadman New Zealand Liberal Party 104 Edmund Taylor Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) Timaru William Hall-Jones Independent Liberal 52 Edward George KerrHistory of The Timaru Herald http://www.stuff.co.nz/timaru-herald/contact-us/about-us/7883268/History-of-The-Timaru-Herald 24 November 2013 The Timaru Herald 9 October 2013 Independent politician Tuapeka James Clark Brown Conservative (New Zealand) Hugh Valentine Independent politician 63 James Clark Brown Conservative (New Zealand) Waikato John Blair Whyte Conservative (New Zealand) John Bryce Conservative (New Zealand) Waimate William Steward New Zealand Liberal Party 296 Alpheus Hayes Independent politician Waimea-Sounds Arthur Seymour Independent politician Charlie Mills New Zealand Liberal Party 210 Richmond Hursthouse Conservative (New Zealand) Waipawa Thomas Tanner New Zealand Liberal Party William Cowper Smith New Zealand Liberal Party 349 George Hunter Conservative (New Zealand) Wairarapa Wally Buchanan Conservative (New Zealand) 275 Henry Bunny New Zealand Liberal Party Wairau Henry Dodson Independent politician Lindsay Buick Liberal–Labour (New Zealand) 77 Arthur Seymour Conservative (New Zealand) Waitaki Tom Duncan New Zealand Liberal Party John McKenzie New Zealand Liberal Party 352 John Buckland Conservative (New Zealand) Waitemata Richard Monk Conservative (New Zealand) Jackson Palmer Independent Liberal 91 Richard Monk Conservative (New Zealand) Waitotara George Hutchison Independent politician 22 Robert Bruce Conservative (New Zealand) Wakatipu Thomas Fergus Conservative (New Zealand) true Wallace Samuel Hodgkinson Conservative (New Zealand) James Mackintosh New Zealand Liberal Party 178 Samuel Hodgkinson Conservative (New Zealand) Wanganui John Ballance New Zealand Liberal Party 27 Gilbert Carson Conservative (New Zealand) |- | rowspan=3 | Wellington, City of | rowspan=3 colspan=2 style="text-align:center; background-color:#ececec;" | New electorate | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | George Fisher | style="text-align:right;" | 183 | style="background-color:Conservative (New Zealand);" | | style="text-align:center;" | Francis Bell |- | style="background-color:Conservative (New Zealand);" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | John Duthie | style="text-align:right;" | 561 | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;" | Edwin Jellicoe |- | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;background-color:;" | Kennedy Macdonald | style="text-align:right;" | 727 | style="background-color:New Zealand Liberal Party;" | | style="text-align:center;" | Francis Fraser |- Westland Richard Seddon New Zealand Liberal Party 338 Joseph Grimmond Conservative (New Zealand) |- |colspan=8 style="background-color:#FFDEAD" | Maori electoratesThe Maori Representation https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=OW18901204.2.44.3 27 November 2013 Otago Witness 4 December 1890 1920 15Election News https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=MEX18901128.2.32 27 November 2013 The Marlborough Express 28 November 1890 XXVI 321 4Telegrams https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=IT18901201.2.6 28 November 2013 Inangahua Times 1 December 1890 XV 20887 2By Telegraph https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=ST18901028.2.15.3 28 November 2013 The Southland Times 28 October 1890 11568 2Maori Electorates https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=CHP18901028.2.54.2 27 November 2013 The Press 28 October 1890 XLVIL 7694 6nb The affiliation of many of the Maori candidates is unknown or uncertain |- Eastern Maori James Carroll New Zealand Liberal Party 185 Wi Pere New Zealand Liberal Party Northern Maori Sydney Taiwhanganb Sydney Taiwhanga won the election and, despite having died on election day, was declared elected. Taiwhanga also stood in Eastern Maori and came third Independent politician 267 Tinoti Pupipupi Southern Maori Tame Parata New Zealand Liberal Party nb Final results were not reported in contemporary media Honi Maaka Hape New Zealand Liberal Party Western Maori Hoani Taipua Independent politician nb Final results were not reported in contemporary media Kipa Te Whatanui |} Table footnotes: nb See also Elections in New Zealand Notes References Mackie Thomas T. Rose Richard The International Almanac of Electoral History 3rd 1991 Macmillan Electoral Atlas of New Zealand McRobie Alan 1989 GP Books Wellington 0-477-01384-8 Wilson Jim Jim Wilson (librarian) New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 4th First published in 1913 1985 V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer Wellington 154283103 External links Official election results website