1977 Dutch train hijacking

Dutch train hijacking by 9 Moluccans April 2022 the 1975 hijacking 1975 Dutch train hijacking bio July 2025 1977 Dutch train hijacking Treinkaping bij De Punt - 929-2101.jpg Hijacker running past the hijacked train with a South Moluccan flag De Punt, Netherlands 53 7 N 6 36 E region:NL_type:landmark inline,title Passengers on NS Mat '64 23 May – 11 June 1977 (20 days) Hostage-taking 8 (including 6 perpetrators) 6 Moluccan nationalists (9 perpetrators) Guns, handguns Establishment of the Republic of South Maluku On 23 May 1977, a Nederlandse Spoorwegen passenger train was hijacked near the village of De Punt, Netherlands. At around 9am, nine armed Moluccan nationalists pulled the emergency brake and took over fifty people hostage. The hijacking lasted twenty days and ended with a raid by Dutch counter-terrorist special forces, during which two hostages and six hijackers were killed. The same day as the train hijacking, four other Moluccans took over 100 hostages at a primary school in Bovensmilde, around 20 km (12 mi) away. Background Moluccan diaspora The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army was officially disbanded on 26 July 1950, seven months after Indonesia's independence from the Netherlands. However, the Indonesian government forbade Moluccan members stationed in Java from returning to their home islands, fearing that they would join the secessionist Republic of South Maluku. They and their families were then evacuated in the Netherlands in what was initially meant to be a temporary measure; negotiations soon froze.van Amersfoort Hans January 2004 The waxing and waning of a diaspora: Moluccans in the Netherlands, 1950–2002 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1369183032000170213 Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies en 30 1 151–174 10.1080/1369183032000170213 1369-183X subscription Steiljlen Fridus Colonial Soldiers in Europe, 1914-1945 Routledge 2015 978-1-315-65841-4 Storm Eric 1st New York In and Out of Uniform: Moluccan Soldiers in the Dutch Colonial Army Al Tuma Ali By the 1960s, official Dutch policy had shifted toward permanent resettlement.Steijlen Fridus Migration and Integration Research: Filling in Penninx’s Heuristic Model Amsterdam University Press 2013 978-90-485-1994-1 van Heelsum Anja Shifting to the core of the ethno-cultural position: Moluccan camps and wijken revisited Garcés-Mascareñas Blanca https://pure.knaw.nl/ws/files/466314/Shifting_to_the_core_of_the_ethno-cultural_position_Moluccan_camps_and_wijken_revisited.pdf Many second-generation Dutch Moluccans grew resentful of the Dutch government, as they felt like it had all but ignored the Moluccan diaspora and their political aspirations.Bartels Dieter April 1986 Can the Train Ever Be Stopped Again? Developments in the Moluccan Community in the Netherlands before and after the Hijackings https://ecommons.cornell.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/c05622aa-09d3-465c-88dc-08b1e6460a2a/content Indonesia 41 23-45 10.2307/3351034Jonker Ellis Religious Voices in Self-Narratives: Making Sense of Life in Times of Transition Walter de Gruyter 2013 978-16-145-1170-0 Buitelaar Marjo Berlin 194 Daughter Lost and Found: Coming to Terms with Religious Conversion by Marriage Zock Hetty https://books.google.com/books?id=aa7mBQAAQBAJ&q&pg=189#v=onepage&q&f=false In 1975, ten Moluccans were arrested for conspiring to break into Soestdijk Palace and kidnap Queen Juliana. Later that year, fourteen Moluccans simultaneously hijacked a train and held 51 people hostage at the Indonesian consulate at Amsterdam, leading to a twelve-day hostage crisis which ended in three deaths.Rule Sheila 1989-06-09 Vught Journal; Remember the Moluccans? Is This a Last Stand? https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/09/world/vught-journal-remember-the-moluccans-is-this-a-last-stand.html subscription live https://web.archive.org/web/20230717033407/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/09/world/vught-journal-remember-the-moluccans-is-this-a-last-stand.html 17 July 2023 2024-07-31 The New York Times en-US 0362-4331 Planning According to Willem S., the self-proclaimed leader of the hijacking, "I came up with the idea of taking action at the beginning of January this year... after Wijster and Amsterdam, the whole world had not understood what we South Moluccans want."7 September 1977 Zuidmolukker Willem S.: "Ik leidde de acties" South Moluccan Willem S.: "I led the actions" https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?page=10&sortfield=datedesc&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&identifier=ddd:010563485:mpeg21:a0083&resultsidentifier=ddd:010563485:mpeg21:a0083&rowid=2 31 July 2024 Limburgs Dagblad 3 nl Delpher Initial targets included the town hall of Smilde and the headquarters of Nederlandse Omroep Stichting.7 September 1977 In gemeentehuis Smilde of NOS-Studio; kapers waren eerst uit op andere acties In Smilde town hall or NOS Studio; hijackers were initially after other actions https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?page=10&sortfield=datedesc&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&identifier=ddd:010620615:mpeg21:a0190&resultsidentifier=ddd:010620615:mpeg21:a0190&rowid=1 31 July 2024 Leeuwarder Courant 3 nl Delpher Three hijackers cased the train route from Assen to Groningen and drew sketches of the train cars. According to one of the hijackers, "everything was arranged down to the smallest detail, including lists of items to take with you." They met up with the group responsible for the concurrent 1977 Dutch school hostage crisis on 21 May. Hijacking At around 9am on 23 May,23 May 1977 By Extremists in Netherlands; Train Hijacked, School Occupied https://books.google.com/books?id=1KgrAAAAIBAJ&dq=train+hijacking+netherlands&pg=PA21&article_id=4364,4276670 31 July 2024 Nashua Telegraph 40 Google Newspapers Associated Press one of the hijackers (later identified as Matheus T.) pulled the emergency brake, bringing the train to a stop near De Punt and allowing the others to board.23 May 1977 Treinkaping Train Hijacking https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?page=1&sortfield=date&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&identifier=MMECAL02:180082060:mpeg21:a00015&resultsidentifier=MMECAL02:180082060:mpeg21:a00015&rowid=3 31 July 2024 Nieuwe Winterswijksche Courant 2 nl Delpher Around 40 people, including the crew, were allowed to leave.van Lent Niek 29 November 2017 Wat gebeurde er tijdens de Molukse treinkaping bij De Punt? What happened during the Moluccan train hijacking at De Punt? https://npokennis.nl/longread/7672/wat-gebeurde-er-tijdens-de-molukse-treinkaping-bij-de-punt 31 July 2024 NPO Kennis nl2017-05-29 Hoe Nederland wekenlang zijn adem inhield bij treinkaping De Punt How the Netherlands held its breath for weeks at the De Punt train hijacking https://nos.nl/artikel/2175675-hoe-nederland-wekenlang-zijn-adem-inhield-bij-treinkaping-de-punt 2024-07-31 NOS nl The 54 passengers remaining on the train were forced to help cover all the windows with newspapers.The Royal Dutch Marines https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_kbKltuRXg 31 July 2024 Special Forces: Untold Stories TLC 12 April 2002 1 2 YouTube Warning shots were fired in order to frighten them into compliance. At the same time, four Moluccans took six teachers and 105 students hostage at a nearby primary school. Members of the Bijzondere Bijstands Eenheid, Netherlands' special forces unit, quickly surrounded the train while a crisis team was set up in the Ministry of Justice headquarters. In the initial confusion, Indonesian sailors waiting at Vlaardingen Oost metro station were mistakenly assumed to be part of the plot and detained.24 May 1977 Indonesische zeelui zorgen in Vlaardingen voor paniek Indonesian sailors cause panic in Vlaardingen https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&sortfield=date&identifier=ddd:011200193:mpeg21:a0305&resultsidentifier=ddd:011200193:mpeg21:a0305&rowid=3 31 July 2024 De Telegraaf 1 nl Delpher24 May 1977 Kapings-syndroom Hijacking syndrome https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&sortfield=date&identifier=ddd:010639156:mpeg21:a0011&resultsidentifier=ddd:010639156:mpeg21:a0011&rowid=5 31 July 2024 Amigoe 1 nl Delpher Election campaigns for the soon-to-come 1977 Dutch general election were canceled by all major parties, so the Den Uyl cabinet could focus its attention on the incident. Contact between law enforcement and the hijackers was established on 24 May. Among their demands was Dutch assistance in achieving Moluccan independence, the release of 21 prisoners involved in previous attacks, and a way to communicate with those at the school. A deadline was set for 25 May at 2pm, after which both groups threatened to set off explosives and kill all their hostages.15 October 2014 "Minister wilde Molukse treinkapers dood" "Minister wanted Moluccan train hijackers dead" https://www.demorgen.be/nieuws/minister-wilde-molukse-treinkapers-dood~bd6ea88d/ 1 August 2024 De Morgen nl The Dutch government only fulfilled the third demand, providing them with a bugged phone line. The hijackers failed to carry out their threats once the deadline had passed, instead announcing another demand: fueled aircraft at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, with which they could fly to a country of their choice.25 May 1977 Den Uyl wijst eisen kapers af; verwarring over bemiddelen Den Uyl rejects hijackers' demands; confusion about mediation https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&sortfield=date&identifier=ABCDDD:010881542:mpeg21:a0103&resultsidentifier=ABCDDD:010881542:mpeg21:a0103&rowid=3 31 July 2024 De Volkskrant 1 nl Delpher31 May 1977 Kapers, waarheen? Hijackers, where to? https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&sortfield=date&identifier=KBPERS01:002945024:mpeg21:a00001&resultsidentifier=KBPERS01:002945024:mpeg21:a00001&rowid=1 1 August 2024 Algemeen Dagblad 1 nl Delpher The next day, three blindfolded passengers were briefly brought out with nooses around their necks in what a spokesman described as "perhaps a demonstration of power".26 May 1977 Sfeer in Glimmen zeer gespannen tijdens 'demonstraties' kapers; mensen buiten trein Atmosphere in Glimmen very tense during 'demonstrations' of hijackers; people outside train https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&sortfield=date&identifier=ABCDDD:010839878:mpeg21:a0253&resultsidentifier=ABCDDD:010839878:mpeg21:a0253&rowid=9 1 August 2024 Het Parool 23 nl Delpher Authorities, however, stood firm and decided to cut the line between the train and the school. Negotiations thumb|right|Tan and Soumokil arriving at the train on 9 June On 31 May, the hijackers requested that negotiators with whom they could talk to face-to-face be sent to the train.1 June 1977 Doorbraak in kaping; bemiddelen Breakthrough in hijacking; mediation https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?page=3&sortfield=date&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&identifier=KBPERS01:002936001:mpeg21:a00001&resultsidentifier=KBPERS01:002936001:mpeg21:a00001&rowid=3 1 August 2024 Algemeen Dagblad 1 nl Delpher After much deliberation, the crisis team selected Hassan Tan nl and Josina Soumokil (widow of Moluccan guerrilla Chris Soumokil), both well-respected members of the Dutch Moluccan community, to meet them.4 July 1977 Bemiddelaars mevrouw Soumokil en dokter Tan gaan aan het werk; gesprek met kapers komt nu op gang Mediators Ms. Soumokil and Dr. Tan get to work; talks with hijackers now underway https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&sortfield=date&identifier=ddd:010620534:mpeg21:a0188&resultsidentifier=ddd:010620534:mpeg21:a0188&rowid=8 1 August 2024 Leeuwarder Courant 1 nl Delpher4 July 1977 Twee bemiddelaars; contact met kapers Two mediators; contact with hijackers https://www.digibron.nl/viewer/collectie/Digibron/id/tag:RD.nl,19770604:newsml_4cd8574642577eb63ff275e063b06052 subscription 1 August 2024 Reformatorisch Dagblad 1 nl Digibron The following day, as a sign of good faith, two pregnant women were let go on 5 June,Hoffman Paul 7 June 1977 Dutch Seek to Improve Status of South Moluccans https://www.nytimes.com/1977/06/07/archives/dutch-seek-to-improve-status-of-south-moluccans.html 1 August 2024 The New York Times 36 June 1977 Vrijgelaten vrouwen in voortreffelijke conditie; kans op zeer lange gijzeling Freed women in excellent condition; risk of very long hostage-taking https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?facets%5Btype%5D%5B%5D=artikel&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&sortfield=date&identifier=ABCDDD:010826691:mpeg21:a0002&resultsidentifier=ABCDDD:010826691:mpeg21:a0002&rowid=9 2 August 2024 Trouw 1 nl Delpher6 July 1977 Kapers laten tweetal gaan zonder voorwaarden; vrijgelaten vrouwen allebei gezond Hijackers release pair without conditions; released women both healthy https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&sortfield=date&page=5&identifier=ABCDDD:010881655:mpeg21:a0001&resultsidentifier=ABCDDD:010881655:mpeg21:a0001&rowid=7 1 August 2024 De Volkskrant 1 nl Delpher including Annie Brouwer-Korf nl, the future mayor of Utrecht. Another person was let go due to heart problems on 8 June.9 July 1977 After 17 Days on Train, Terrorists Free 3rd Hostage https://books.google.com/books?id=7aZSAAAAIBAJ&dq=train+hijacking+netherlands&pg=PA6&article_id=2918,1769227 2 August 2024 The Victoria Advocate 10A Google Newspapers Associated Press8 July 1977 Man met hartklachten vanmorgen vrijgelaten; morgenmiddag tweede gesprek met treinkapers Man with heart problems released this morning; second interview with train hijackers tomorrow afternoon https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&sortfield=date&page=2&facets%5Btype%5D%5B%5D=artikel&identifier=ddd:010620537:mpeg21:a0001&resultsidentifier=ddd:010620537:mpeg21:a0001&rowid=5 1 August 2024 Leeuwarder Courant 1 nl Delpher On 9 June, during a second meeting with the hijackers,9 July 1977 Toch twee contactpersonen bij kapers in trein Still two contacts for hijackers on train https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?facets%5Btype%5D%5B%5D=artikel&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&redirect=true&sortfield=date&page=13&identifier=KBNRC01:000026359:mpeg21:a0009&resultsidentifier=KBNRC01:000026359:mpeg21:a0009&rowid=8 2 August 2024 NRC Handelsblad 1 nl Delpher9 July 1977 Twee Zuidmolukkers bemiddelaars vanmiddag weer naar de trein Two South Moluccan mediators back on the train today https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?facets%5Btype%5D%5B%5D=artikel&page=14&sortfield=date&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&identifier=ddd:010627174:mpeg21:a0002&resultsidentifier=ddd:010627174:mpeg21:a0002&rowid=1 2 August 2024 Nederlands Dagblad 1 nl Delpher Soumokil is suspected to have, without the knowledge or permission of the authorities, notified them that the People's Republic of Benin was willing to receive them.24 December 1977 Zuidmoluske vrouw weigert verhoor; gevonden brief in kaaptrein leidt tot actie South Moluccan woman refuses interrogation; letter found on hijacked train leads to action https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?facets%5Btype%5D%5B%5D=artikel&page=1&sortfield=datedesc&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-06-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&identifier=ABCDDD:010880624:mpeg21:a0316&resultsidentifier=ABCDDD:010880624:mpeg21:a0316&rowid=4 2 August 2024 De Volkskrant 7 nl Delpher24 December 1977 Zuidmoluske: geen verhoor rechercheurs South Moluccan: no interrogation by detectives https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?coll=ddd&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-06-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&facets%5Btype%5D%5B%5D=artikel&redirect=true&sortfield=datedesc&page=1&identifier=ABCDDD:010824752:mpeg21:a0207&resultsidentifier=ABCDDD:010824752:mpeg21:a0207&rowid=2 2 August 2024 Trouw 3 nl Delpher By 10 June, they had become stubborn, again threatening to kill all the hostages if their demands weren't met. Rescue thumb|Animated reconstruction of the attack, commissioned by the Dutch government On 11 June 1977 at 4:54am, special forces started firing upon the train, shooting approximately 15,000 bullets in all.Paardekooper Maurice Treinkaping De Punt 1977 - 2017: 40 jaar Molukse onvrede over de beëindiging van de gijzeling bij De Punt 28 June 2018 1 August 2024 MA Leiden University https://studenttheses.universiteitleiden.nl/access/item%3A2602648/view nl In order to confuse the hijackers and divert their attention, six Lockheed F-104G Starfighter jet fighter aircraft flew over the area at low altitude, while a team of demolition experts set off explosives. The train was then stormed, and most hostages freed. Six of the nine train hijackers, as well as two hostages, were killed in the assault. Aftermath thumb|Freed hostages leave the train Three hijackers survived and, alongside their collaborators at the school, were given six- to nine-year prison sentences.22 September 1977 Molukse kapers: 6 tot 9 jaar Moluccan hijackers: 6 to 9 years https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?page=7&sortfield=datedesc&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&identifier=ddd:010959646:mpeg21:a0156&resultsidentifier=ddd:010959646:mpeg21:a0156&rowid=2 31 July 2024 Het Vrije Volk 1 nl Delpher23 September 1977 Zes tot negen jaar voor treinkapers en schoolbezetters; straf milder dan eis Six to nine years for train hijackers and school occupiers; punishment milder than demand https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?page=6&sortfield=datedesc&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&identifier=KBPERS01:002940020:mpeg21:p00009&resultsidentifier=KBPERS01:002940020:mpeg21:a00111&rowid=8 31 July 2024 Algemeen Dagblad 6 nl DelpherSloothaak Jan 23 September 1977 Zes tot negen jaar voor treinkaping; rechtbank weigert collectieve straf Six to nine years for train hijacking; court rejects collective punishment https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?page=6&sortfield=datedesc&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&coll=ddd&redirect=true&identifier=ABCDDD:010827322:mpeg21:a0193&resultsidentifier=ABCDDD:010827322:mpeg21:a0193&rowid=10 31 July 2024 Trouw 3 nl Delpher An accomplice was given a one-year sentence.23 September 1977 "Gijzeling onaanvaardbaar middel": kapers en bezetters krijgen 6 tot 9 jaar "Unacceptable means of hostage-taking": hijackers and occupiers get 6 to 9 years https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?coll=ddd&sortfield=datedesc&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1977%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2231-12-1977%22%29&page=6&redirect=true&identifier=ABCDDD:010881617:mpeg21:a0133&resultsidentifier=ABCDDD:010881617:mpeg21:a0133&rowid=9 31 July 2024 De Volkskrant 9 nl Delpher Riots occurred two weeks before the announcement of the verdict, resulting in two schools and a Red Cross centre being set on fire.22 September 1977 Hostage Drama Sentences Set https://books.google.com/books?id=loYwAAAAIBAJ&dq=train+hijacking&pg=PA26&article_id=4126,1732805 31 July 2024 Spokane Daily Chronicle Google Newspapers United Press International In 2007, a memorial service was held for the killed hijackers, which around 600 people attended.12 June 2007 Herdenking voor kapers van trein bij De Punt (1977) Commemoration for train hijackers at De Punt (1977) http://www.nrc.nl/binnenland/article721950.ece/Herdenking_voor_kapers_van_trein_bij_De_Punt_1977_ https://web.archive.org/web/20070716051414/http://www.nrc.nl/binnenland/article721950.ece/Herdenking_voor_kapers_van_trein_bij_De_Punt_1977_ 16 July 2007 30 July 2024 NRC Handelsblad nl According to official sources, six of the hijackers were killed by bullets shot at the train from a distance. On 1 June 2013, reports emerged that an investigation by journalist Jan Beckers and one of the former hijackers, Junus Ririmasse, had concluded that three, and possibly four, of the hijackers had still been alive when the train was stormed, and had been summarily executed by Dutch marines.1 June 2013 'Treinkapers De Punt geliquideerd' 'De Punt train hijackers liquidated' http://www.dvhn.nl/nieuws/drenthe/article10140853.ece/%27Treinkapers-De-Punt-geliquideerd%27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20130919021650/http://www.dvhn.nl/nieuws/drenthe/article10140853.ece/'Treinkapers-De-Punt-geliquideerd' 19 September 2013 2 June 2013 Dagblad van het Noorden nl In November 2014, media reported that Justice Minister van Agt allegedly ordered Dutch military commanders to leave no hijackers alive.16 October 2014 Train hijackers ordered executed by Justice minister http://www.nltimes.nl/2014/10/16/train-hijackers-ordered-executed-justice-minister/ 2 August 2024 NL Times An in-depth investigation, published the same month, concluded that no summary executions had taken place, but that unarmed hijackers had been killed by the marines.20 November 2014 Unarmed hijackers killed in train hijacking http://www.nltimes.nl/2014/11/20/unarmed-hijackers-killed-train-hijacking/ 2 August 2024 NL Times In 2018, a Dutch court ruled that the Dutch government did not have to pay compensation to relatives of two of the hijackers killed by Marines. The ruling was upheld on appeal on 1 June 2021.June 2021 Dutch state does not have to pay damages for shooting Moluccan train hostage takers https://www.dutchnews.nl/news/2021/06/dutch-state-does-not-have-to-pay-damages-to-moluccan-train-hostage-takers/ https://web.archive.org/web/20240802100954/https://www.dutchnews.nl/2021/06/dutch-state-does-not-have-to-pay-damages-to-moluccan-train-hostage-takers/ 2 August 2024 1 June 2021 Dutch News See also 1975 Indonesian consulate hostage crisis 1978 Dutch province hall hostage crisis Attempt at kidnapping Juliana of the Netherlands List of hostage crises Terrorism in the European Union References External links Article from 1977 in Time magazine Article in BBC "on this day" nl Dutch Polygoon newsreel images from 1977 nl Dutch Polygoon newsreel images of the military action from 1977 nl Images from the armoured car unit involved in the action nl Images in the Dutch National Archive South Moluccan Suicide Commando in MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base 1977 Dutch train hostage crisis Category:Hostage taking in the Netherlands Category:Moluccan Dutch Category:Terrorist incidents in Europe in 1977 Category:Terrorist incidents on railway systems in Europe Category:Hijackings in Europe 1977 Dutch train hostage crisis Category:Terrorist incidents in the Netherlands in the 1970s Category:1977 murders in the Netherlands Category:Hijackings in 1977 Category:Train hijacking