1951–52 Indian general election

none July 2016 June 2020 India parliamentary 1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election 1946 1957 Indian general election 1957 25 October 1951 – 21 February 1952 489 of the 499 seats in the Lok SabhaTen members were appointed, including six representing Jammu and Kashmir, two representing Anglo-Indians, one representing Part B tribal areas in Assam and one representing the Andaman and Nicobar Islands 245 173,212,343 Shri Jawaharlal Nehru.jpg 120 120 150 0 0 Jawaharlal Nehru Indian National Congress 364 47,665,951 44.99% Communist Party of India 120 150 Ajoy Ghosh Communist Party of India 16 3,487,401 3.29% Acharya Narendra Deva.jpg 300 120 150 20 75 Narendra Deva Socialist Party (India, 1948) 12 11,216,719 10.59% Acharya_Kripalani_1989_stamp_of_India_(cropped).jpg 120 120 150 05 0 J. B. Kripalani Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 9 6,135,978 5.79% Indian General Election 1951–1952.svg Prime Minister Prime Minister after election Jawaharlal Nehru Indian National Congress Jawaharlal Nehru Indian National Congress List of members of the 1st Lok Sabha General elections were held in India between 25 October 1951 and 21 February 1952, the first national elections after India gained independence in 1947.The Indian Express How India pulled off its first general election https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-history/india-first-general-election-nehru-9265134/ 14 April 2024 12 April 2024 enhttps://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/voting-period-of-2024-lok-sabha-polls-longest-since-first-general-elections/articleshow/108550976.cms Lok Sabha polls 2024 to have longest voting period since first general elections 16 March 2024 The Times of India 17 March 2024 live https://web.archive.org/web/20240317033515/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/voting-period-of-2024-lok-sabha-polls-longest-since-first-general-elections/articleshow/108550976.cms 17 March 2024Voting Period Of 2024 Lok Sabha Polls Longest Since First General Elections https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/voting-period-of-2024-lok-sabha-polls-longest-since-first-general-elections-of-1951-52-5251674 live https://web.archive.org/web/20240317033515/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/voting-period-of-2024-lok-sabha-polls-longest-since-first-general-elections-of-1951-52-5251674 17 March 2024 17 March 2024 Voters elected 489 members of the first Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. Elections to most of the state legislatures were held simultaneously.The Hindu Elections that shaped India The first general elections: a free country in full bloom https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/first-general-elections-of-india-the-free-country-in-full-bloom/article67702823.ece 14 April 2024 28 March 2024 en-IN It was the first Indian election with full universal franchise. The elections were conducted under the provisions of the constitution adopted on 26 November 1949. After the adoption of the constitution, the Constituent Assembly continued to act as the interim parliament, while an interim cabinet was headed by Jawaharlal Nehru. An Election Commission was created in 1949 and in March 1950 Sukumar Sen was appointed as the first Chief Election Commissioner. A month later parliament passed the Representation of the People Act which set out how the elections for parliament and state legislatures would be conducted.Guha Ramachandra India after Gandhi: the history of the world's largest democracy 2022 Picador India 978-93-82616-97-9 10th anniversary edition, updated and expanded, first published in hardcover New Delhi The 489 elected seats of the Lok Sabha were allotted across 401 constituencies in 25 states. There were 314 constituencies electing one member using the first-past-the-post system. 86 constituencies elected two members, one from the general category and one from Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes. There was one constituency with three elected representatives.General Election of India 1951, List of Successful Candidate http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141008191615/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF 8 October 2014 12 January 2010 Election Commission of India 6 The multi-seat constituencies were created as reserved seats for backward sections of society, and were abolished in the 1960s. The constitution at this time also provided for two Anglo-Indian members to be nominated by the President of India. A total of 1,949 candidates competed for 489 elected seats in the Lok Sabha. Each candidate was allotted a different coloured ballot box at the polling booth, on which the candidate's name and symbol were written. 16,500 clerks were appointed on a contract of six months to type and collate the electorate rolls and 380,000 reams of paper were used for printing the rolls.Pareek Shabdita 2016-01-25 This Is How The First General Elections Were Held in Independent India https://www.scoopwhoop.com/This-Is-How-The-First-General-Elections-Were-Held-In-Independent-India/ 2018-12-21 ScoopWhoop 21 December 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20181221230604/https://www.scoopwhoop.com/This-Is-How-The-First-General-Elections-Were-Held-In-Independent-India/ live A total of 173,212,343 voters were registered (excluding Jammu and Kashmir) out of a population of 361,088,090 according to the 1951 census, making it the largest election conducted at the time. All Indian citizens over the age of 21 were eligible to vote. Due to the harsh climate and challenging logistics, the election was held in 68 phases.2014-04-28 Interesting Facts About India's First General Elections http://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/interesting-facts-about-indias-first-general-elections-144418.html 2018-12-21 indiatimes.com 21 December 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20181221230737/https://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/interesting-facts-about-indias-first-general-elections-144418.html live A total of 196,084 polling booths were set up, of which 27,527 booths were reserved for women. The majority of voting took place in early 1952, but Himachal Pradesh voted in 1951 as its weather was commonly inclement in February and March, with heavy snow impending free movement.India's first voter in Himachal Pradesh https://web.archive.org/web/20170706100617/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/289003/indias-first-voter-himachal-pradesh.html 6 July 2017 , by Gautam Dhmeer, in the Deccan Herald; published 30 October 2012; retrieved 7 April 2014 The remainder of states voted in February–March 1952, except for Jammu & Kashmir, where no voting took place for Lok Sabha seats until 1967. The first votes of the election were cast in the tehsil (district) of Chini in Himachal Pradesh.Ramachandra Guha India After Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy 2008 Harper Collins 978-0-06-095858-9 thumb|A Congress procession including bullocks and a flag - a pair of bullocks was the election symbol of the Congress Party in 1952 thumb|A front view of Congress Party election procession featuring a pair of bullocks - the symbol of the Congress Party in 1952 thumb|A truck fitted with the model of a Hut in 1952, the election symbol of the Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party The result was a landslide victory for the Indian National Congress (INC), which received 45% of the vote and won 364 of the 489 elected seats. The second-placed Socialist Party received only 11% of the vote and won twelve seats. Jawaharlal Nehru became the first democratically elected Prime Minister of the country. Contesting parties A total of 53 parties and 533 independents contested the 489 seats.https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/general-elections-308073-2016-02-10 First general elections in India: All you need to know 10 February 2016 India Today 2018-12-21 21 July 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210721131533/https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/general-elections-308073-2016-02-10 live Several ministers resigned from their posts and formed their own parties to contest the elections. Syama Prasad Mukherjee established the Jana Sangh in October 1951 and Law Minister B. R. Ambedkar revived the Scheduled Castes Federation (which was later named the Republican Party). Congress party president Purushottam Das Tandon resigned from his post because of differences with Nehru.https://books.google.com/books?id=xz_WCgAAQBAJ&pg=PR11 Party Politics in India Myron Weiner Myron Weiner 8 December 2015 Princeton University Press 978-1-4008-7841-3 78–79 5 August 2023 30 March 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240330152556/https://books.google.com/books?id=xz_WCgAAQBAJ&pg=PR11#v=onepage&q&f=false live Varshney, Ashutosh. 28 March 2015. "Faults and lines https://web.archive.org/web/20181216031455/https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/faults-and-lines/99/ 16 December 2018 ." The Indian Express. Retrieved on 16 June 2020. Results 300px Indian National Congress 47665951 364 Socialist Party 11216719 12 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 6135978 9 Communist Party of India 3487401 16 Bharatiya Jana Sangh 3246361 3 Scheduled Castes Federation 2521695 2 Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad 2091898 3 Krishikar Lok Party 1489615 1 People's Democratic Front 1367404 7 Shiromani Akali Dal 1047611 4 Hindu Mahasabha 1003034 4 Peasants and Workers Party of India 992187 2 Forward Bloc (Marxist) 963058 1 All India Ganatantra Parishad 959749 6 Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party 889292 4 Jharkhand Party 749702 3 Revolutionary Socialist Party 468108 3 Commonweal Party 325398 3 Lok Sewak Sangh 309940 2 Zamindar Party 291300 0 Chota Nagpur Santhal Parganas Janata Party 236094 1 Uttar Pradesh Praja Party 213656 0 S.K. Paksha 137343 0 All India Forward Bloc (Ruikar) 133936 0 Kamgar Kisan Paksha 132574 0 Tribal Sangha 116629 0 Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress 115893 1 Kerala Socialist Party 102098 0 Indian Union Muslim League 79470 1 Revolutionary Communist Party of India 67275 0 Justice Party 63254 0 All India United Kisan Sabha 60254 0 All India Republican Party (RPP) 57815 0 All India Republican Party (REP) 44286 0 All People's Party 36851 0 Tamil Nadu Congress Party 36158 0 Khasi-Jaintia Durbar 32987 0 Saurashtra Khedut Sangh 29766 0 Bolshevik Party of India 25792 0 All Manipur National Union 22083 0 Uttar Pradesh Revolutionary Socialist Party 20665 0 Hill People Party 17350 0 Praja Party 16955 0 Kuki National Association 12155 0 Punjab Depressed Class League 11789 0 Pursharathi Panchayat 10778 0 Cochin Party 8947 0 Kisan Mazdoor Mandal 8808 0 Hyderabad State Praja Party 7646 0 Gandhi Sebak Seva 7196 0 Kisan Janta Sanyukta Party 6390 0 National Party of India 3232 0 Historical Research 1468 0 Independents 16850089 37 Appointed membersSix representing Jammu and Kashmir, two representing Anglo-Indians, one representing Part B tribal areas in Assam and one representing the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. 10 173212343 ECI Results by state StateTotalseatsSeats wonINCCPISPIKMPPPDFGPBJSRRPSCFKLPOthersInd.App.Andaman and Nicobar Islands11Assam131111Ajmer22Bhopal22Bihar5545361Bilaspur11Bombay4540113Coorg11Delhi431Himachal Pradesh33Hyderabad251417111Jammu and Kashmir66Kutch22Madhya Bharat1192Madhya Pradesh29272Madras7535826915Manipur211Mysore11101Orissa20111161PEPSU5221Punjab18162Rajasthan2091316Saurashtra66Travancore–Cochin12624Tripura22Uttar Pradesh8681212Vindhya Pradesh6411West Bengal3421523Anglo-Indians22Total49936416129763321293710Source: ECI Assam Indian National Congress 1210707 11 Socialist Party 506943 1 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 265687 0 Independents 363670 0 Other parties 300120 0 1951–52 Indian general election in Assam Bihar Indian National Congress 4573058 45 Socialist Party 2126066 3 Jharkhand Party 749702 3 Lok Sewak Sangh 309940 2 Chota Nagpur Santhal Parganas Janata Party 236094 1 Independents 1306660 1 Other parties 690931 0 1951–52 Indian general election in Bihar Bombay Indian National Congress 5781277 40 Independents 1380484 3 Peasants and Workers Party of India 807019 1 Scheduled Caste Federation 511028 1 Socialist Party 1682494 0 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 639788 0 Other parties 726200 0 Madhya Pradesh Indian National Congress 3713537 27 Independents 858407 2 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 451749 0 Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad 396661 0 Socialist Party 877392 0 Other parties 894845 0 Madras Indian National Congress 7253452 35 Independents 4614210 15 Communist Party of India 1783407 8 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 1952197 6 Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party 889292 4 Commonweal Party 325398 3 Socialist Party 1055423 2 Forward Bloc (Marxist Group) 332196 1 Indian Union Muslim League 79470 1 Other parties 1649116 0 1951–52 Indian general election in Madras State Orissa Indian National Congress 1555787 11 All India Ganatantra Parishad 959749 6 Socialist Party 563462 1 Communist Party of India 211303 1 Independents 316538 1 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 52654 0 Punjab Indian National Congress 2134586 16 Shiromani Akali Dal 569973 2 Zamindar Party 291300 0 Bharatiya Jana Sangh 279639 0 Communist Party of India 251623 0 Independents 930383 0 Other parties 534834 0 1951–52 Indian general election in Punjab Uttar Pradesh Indian National Congress 9047392 81 Socialist Party 2208678 2 Independents 1936383 2 Hindu Mahasabha 325601 1 Bharatiya Jana Sangh 1244099 0 Other parties 2312822 0 West Bengal Indian National Congress 3205162 24 Communist Party of India 720304 5 Bharatiya Jana Sangh 452279 2 Revolutionary Socialist Party 183005 2 Hindu Mahasabha 324870 1 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 679149 0 Independents 1405747 0 Other parties 643417 0 Hyderabad Indian National Congress 1945798 14 People's Democratic Front 1367404 7 Socialist Party 651316 1 Scheduled Caste Federation 308591 1 Peasants and Workers Party of India 185168 1 Independents 388939 1 Hyderabad State Praja Party 7646 0 Madhya Bharat Indian National Congress 992159 9 Hindu Mahasabha 122213 2 Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad 278475 0 Socialist Party 268399 0 Bharatiya Jana Sangh 188569 0 Other parties 103756 0 Mysore Indian National Congress 1509075 10 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 650658 1 Socialist Party 181430 0 Independents 292472 0 Other parties 190792 0 1951–52 Indian general election in Mysore Patiala and East Punjab States Union Indian National Congress 492408 2 Shiromani Akali Dal 477638 2 Independents 311635 1 Other parties 193431 0 Rajasthan Indian National Congress 1460971 9 Independents 1028388 6 Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad 331760 3 Krishikar Lok Party 356630 1 Bharatiya Jana Sangh 107089 1 Other parties 242119 0 Saurashtra Indian National Congress 506112 6 Hindu Mahasabha 99311 0 Independents 58343 0 Other parties 98939 0 Travancore Cochin Indian National Congress 1224533 6 Independents 1265051 4 Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress 115893 1 Socialist Party 459669 0 Revolutionary Socialist Party 220312 0 Other parties 205018 0 1951–52 Indian general election in Travancore-Cochin Ajmer Indian National Congress 89761 2 Bharatiya Jana Sangh 28990 0 Communist Party of India 25128 0 Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad 13624 0 Pursharathi Panchayat 10778 0 Independents 10718 0 Bhopal Indian National Congress 97292 2 Hindu Mahasabha 34712 0 Kisan Mazdoor Mandal 8808 0 Socialist Party 3329 0 Independents 25316 0 Bislaspur Independents 1 Bilaspur constituency was uncontested Coorg Indian National Congress 38063 1 Independents 25750 0 Delhi Indian National Congress 324214 3 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 47735 1 Bharatiya Jana Sangh 169997 0 Independents 83045 0 Other parties 30909 0 Himachal Pradesh Indian National Congress 117036 3 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 27368 0 Bharatiya Jana Sangh 23918 0 Scheduled Caste Federation 18988 0 Socialist Party 16780 0 Independents 19099 0 Kutch Indian National Congress 78771 2 Socialist Party 5985 0 Independents 34824 0 Manipur Indian National Congress 36317 1 Socialist Party 29372 1 All Manipur National Union 22083 0 Praja Party 16955 0 Communist Party of India 13184 0 Kuki National Association 12155 0 Independents 13737 0 Other parties 8664 0 Tripura Communist Party of India 96458 2 Indian National Congress 40263 0 Bharatiya Jana Sangh 9663 0 Independents 10987 0 Vindhya Pradesh Indian National Congress 238220 4 Socialist Party 125480 1 Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party 106071 1 Bharatiya Jana Sangh 89701 0 Independents 94911 0 Other parties 51455 0 Notable losses First Law Minister B. R. Ambedkar was defeated in the Bombay (North Central)http://zeenews.india.com/news/general-elections-2014/election-anecdote-when-br-ambedkar-lost-in-first-lok-sabha-polls_929706.html (reserved seat) 4 May 2014 26 January 2016 16 February 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160216062618/http://zeenews.india.com/news/general-elections-2014/election-anecdote-when-br-ambedkar-lost-in-first-lok-sabha-polls_929706.html live constituency as Scheduled Castes Federation candidate by his little-known former assistant and Congress Candidate Narayan Sadoba Kajrolkar, who polled 138,137 votes compared to Ambedkar's 123,576 votes.156 Ambedkar then entered the parliament as a Rajya Sabha member. He contested a by-poll from Bhandara in 1954 in another attempt to enter the Lok Sabha, but again lost, standing third behind PSP winner Ashok Mehta & Congress runner-up B. N. Arjun. Acharya Kripalani lost from Faizabad in Uttar Pradesh as a KMPP candidate, but his wife Sucheta Kripalani defeated the Congress candidate Manmohini Sahgal in New Delhi.David Gilmartin Anastasia Pivliavsky Patronage as Politics in South Asia Chapter 5: The paradox of patronage and the people's sovereignty 151–152 Cambridge University Press 2014 978-1-107-05608-4 Government formation The speaker of the first Lok Sabha was Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar. The first Lok Sabha also witnessed 677 sittings (3,784 hours), the highest recorded count of the number of sitting hours. The Lok Sabha lasted its full term from 17 April 1952 until 4 April 1957. See also List of members of the 1st Lok Sabha Election Commission of India 1952 Indian presidential election References Further reading Guha, Ramachandra. "Democracy's Biggest Gamble", World Policy Journal, (Spring 2002) 19#1 pp. 95–103 India Category:General elections in India