10/90 gap

Health statistic The 10/90 gap is the term adopted by the Global Forum for Health Research to highlight the finding by the Commission on Health Research for Development in 1990, that less than 10% of worldwide resources devoted to health research were put towards health in Developing Countries, where over 90% of all preventable deaths worldwide occurred. http://www.globalforumhealth.org/about1090-gap/ 10/90 gap 2011 April 16, 2015 Global Forum for Health Research January 21, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210121211046/http://www.globalforumhealth.org/about1090-gap/ live Every year, the spread of disease suffered in both rich and poor countries converges. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the most prevalent diseases consist of cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes.This does not make sense in context, as these are the most prevalent diseases in developed countries as well and not easily treatable, whereas most of the article seems to focus on neglected and curable diseases September 2026 These diseases nowJune 2016 account for 45% of the global health burden and are the culprit for up to 85% of deaths in low-income countries. The 10/90 Gap focuses on joining organizations together to reduce these statistics.Luchetti, M. (2014). Global health and the 10/90 gap. British Journal of Medical Practitioners, 7(4), 4. Disease and the 10/90 gap A substantial portion of diseases, most prevalent in impoverished or developing countries, are those which are preventable and/or treatable.Currat, L.J., Francisco, A., Al-Tuwaijri, S., Ghaffar, A., & Jupp, S. (2004). 10/90 report on health research 2003-2004. WHO Drug Information, 18(3), 243. Retrieved from http://announcementsfiles.cohred.org/gfhr_pub/assoc/s14789e/s14789e.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20150416133138/http://announcementsfiles.cohred.org/gfhr_pub/assoc/s14789e/s14789e.pdf 2015-04-16 The World Health Organization (2004) stated in their World Health Report that an estimated eight million individuals die prematurely, from diseases and conditions that can be cured, every year. These deaths contribute to approximately one third of all human deaths in the world, each year. Table 1 lists several of these curable diseases. Table 1: Causes of avoidable deaths. Conditions Leading to Avoidable Deaths Deaths in 2002 Respiratory infections (mainly pneumonia) 3,963,000 HIV/AIDS 2,777,000 Perinatal conditions 2,462,000 Diarrhoea 1,798,000 Tuberculosis 1,566,000 Malaria 1,272,000 Childhood diseases (mainly measles) 1,124,000 Maternal conditions 510,000 Malnutrition 485,000 Sexually transmitted diseases 180,000 Meningitis 173,000 Hepatitis 157,000 Tropical diseases 129,000 Strategies for change Global health organisations across the globe have explicitly made research into health their priority. In 2000, World Health Organization established the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health, who in their 2001 report, verified the relationship between poverty and disease and discussed the benefit of investment on the economic climates of developing countries.Hotez P.J. Ferris M.T. 2006 The antipoverty vaccines Vaccine 26 24 5787–5799 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.05.008 16759763 Possible strategies that can be implanted to help reduce the 10/90 gap are, policies prioritizing funding for health research, also developing capacities of credible public and private health research institutions.Haines, A., Kuruvilla, S., & Borchert, M. (2004). Bridging the implementation gap between knowledge and action for health. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 82(10), 724–732. Also, activities of international NGOs to undertake research aimed at resolving the gap, and the setting up of research based mechanisms to ensure access to new effective products for the treatment and prevention of poverty-related diseases. Kilama W. L. 2009 The 10/90 gap in sub-saharan africa: Resolving inequities in health research Acta Tropica 112 S8–S15 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.08.015 19695211 However, given the number of diseases that are preventable, other factors that are blocking the access of patients to these products, such as cost of treatments to the individual, also need to be addressed, rather than just focusing on developing new drugs. Diseases of Poverty and the 10/90 Gap Stevens Philip International Policy Network 2004 London, UK. 7–8 There is also a need to build the primary health care sector in developing countries. It has been shown that early detection and effective management of disease can be provided by appropriately-trained, non-physician, healthcare workers. Global health: Noncommunicable diseases Hunter D.J. 2013 The New England Journal of Medicine 10.1056/NEJMra1109345 Reddy K.S. 369 14 1336–1343 24088093 free Health expenditure The gap between financial needs and financial means in low income countries can only be filled by donations. The average health expenditure per capita in western countries is estimated at $947 compared to $20 per capita in low income countries. To assist the world's poorest population, health expenditure between $44–60 per capita is placed as a target.http://www.bjmp.org/content/global-health-and-1090-gap Global Health and the 10/90 gap Luchetti Marco 2014 British Journal of Medical Practitioners 1757-8515 10 April 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150326005313/http://www.bjmp.org/content/global-health-and-1090-gap 2015-03-26 live This target is achieved by the contribution of 0.1% of advanced western countries gross national production (GNP) to fund global health, this recommendation was set by the WHO in 2001 and is estimated to save 8 million lives per year. Macroeconomics and Health: Investing in Health for Economic Development https://archive.org/details/macroeconomicshe00sach limited World Health Organization World Health Organization 2001 Geneva 7–11 9789241545501 Global research and development Among other efforts to address this issue are recent proposals for a Global Research and Development (R&D) treaty, and the creation of the nonprofit pharmaceutical company OneWorld Health which develops new and affordable medicines for neglected diseases. A treaty creates a system that allows health research to come from contributions by all and therefore the sharing of benefits for all, improving the fairness and sustainability of global research and development.Moon Suerie Suerie Moon 15 May 2012 Innovation and Access to Medicines for Neglected Populations: Could a Treaty Address a Broken Pharmaceutical R&D System? PLOS Medicine 9 5 e1001218 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001218 3352855 22615544 free In a positive development for the closing of the gap, in the 2012 London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases many parties, including governments, funding organisations and drug companies, agreed to work towards the eradication of neglected tropical diseases. Development assistance for neglected tropical diseases: Progress since 2009 Liese Bernhard H 2014 International Health 10.1093/inthealth/ihu052 Houghton Natalia Teplitskaya Lyubov 3 6 162–171 25096331 free Criticism Some peopleApril 2019 believe the 10/90 gap is a myth because simple medicines to treat conditions such as diarrhea and malaria are available in developing countries.Vidyasagar D Global notes: The 10/90 gap disparities in global health research Journal of Perinatology 2006 26 1 55–56 10.1038/sj.jp.7211402 16281051 31057013 The efficacy of the medicines, however, can be undermined by barriers to access such as poverty, strict government regime and inadequate healthcare systems and infrastructure. See also Pareto principle Inequality References External links 10/90 Report on Health Research 2003-2004 Category:Health research