2015 Atlantic hurricane season

none Atl 2015 2015 Atlantic hurricane season summary.png May 8, 2015 November 11, 2015 Joaquin 931 135 1 12 11 4 2 62.7 733.81 89 total 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Timeline of the 2015 Atlantic hurricane season 2015 Pacific typhoon season 2015 Pacific hurricane season 2015 North Indian Ocean cyclone season The 2015 Atlantic hurricane season was the final of three consecutive below average Atlantic hurricane seasons. It produced twelve tropical cyclones, eleven named storms, four hurricanes, and two major hurricanes.A major hurricane is a storm that ranks as Category 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshws.php Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale 23 May 2013 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 18 April 2014 Miami, Florida 11 January 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140111191521/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshws.php live "nb" The Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) for the season was 68% of the long-term median value.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/summary_atlc_2015.pdf 2015 Atlantic Hurricane Season National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 10 February 2016 Stacy R. Stewart 29 September 2021 Miami, Florida 26 September 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210926133811/https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/summary_atlc_2015.pdf live The hurricane season officially began on June 1, 2015, and ended on November 30, 2015. These dates historically describe the period each year when most tropical cyclones form in the North Atlantic basin. However, the first named storm, Ana, developed on May 8, nearly a month before the official start of the season, the first pre-season cyclone since Beryl in 2012 and the earliest since Ana in 2003. The formation of Ana marked the start of a series of seven consecutive seasons with pre-season activity, spanning from 2015 to 2021.Forbes Alex 1 June 2022 No Atlantic storms develop before hurricane season for first time in seven years WMAZ-TV Macon, Georgia https://www.13wmaz.com/article/weather/no-atlantic-storms-before-hurricane-season-first-time-seven-years/93-49b070cc-92ed-4070-8993-01c2210eac48 12 August 2022 28 January 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240128095805/https://www.13wmaz.com/article/weather/no-atlantic-storms-before-hurricane-season-first-time-seven-years/93-49b070cc-92ed-4070-8993-01c2210eac48 live The season concluded with Kate transitioning into an extratropical cyclone on November 11, almost three weeks before the official end. Although most of the storms impacted land, overall effects were minimal. Ana caused minor flooding and wind damage in the Carolinas and left two dead in North Carolina. Tropical Storm Bill and its remnants caused flooding primarily in the South Central, Midwestern, and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, while its precursor also left flooding in Central America and Mexico. The storm resulted in two deaths in Honduras, two in Guatemala, one in Mexico, and three deaths in the United States. Additionally, the United States suffered at least $100 million (2015 USD) in damage.All damage figures are in 2015 USD, unless otherwise noted "nb" Claudette and Danny left very minimal impact on land. In late August, Tropical Storm Erika brought heavy rainfall to Dominica, leading to devastating floods. Erika caused nearly $500 million in damage and 30 fatalities, making it, at the time, the island's deadliest natural disaster since Hurricane David in 1979. The storm also flooded other nearby islands, but to a much lesser degree, such as Guadeloupe, Puerto Rico, and Hispaniola. Five additional deaths occurred in Haiti. Fred prompted a hurricane warning for Cape Verde for the first time ever and was the first storm to pass through the islands as a hurricane since 1892. Strong winds there left about $2.5 million in damage. Two deaths were presumed to have occurred after two fishermen never returned to port. Seven other sailors likely drowned offshore Guinea-Bissau after their fishing boat collapsed. Tropical storms Grace, Henri, and Ida left negligible impact on land. Hurricane Joaquin's intensity and slow movement in the vicinity of the Bahamas resulted in severe damage on some islands. Additionally, the American cargo ship El Faro went missing near Crooked Island and eventually capsized during the storm, drowning 33 people. Rough seas in Haiti also caused damage and one death from a fisherman drowning. Joaquin was the most intense satellite era tropical cyclone of non-tropical origins. The remnants of Kate affected the British Isles, particularly Wales in the United Kingdom. Throughout the season, these storms collectively caused $733.81 million in damage and 89 deaths. With the exception of Tropical Storm Risk's initial season prediction in December 2014, all major forecasting agencies called for a below or near-average season, due to the strong 2014–16 El Niño event and colder than average sea surface temperatures. Overall, the forecasts were fairly accurate. Seasonal forecasts +Predictions of tropical activity in the 2015 seasonSourceDateNamedstormsHurricanesMajorhurricanesRefAverage (1981–2010) 12.1 6.4 2.7 Record high activity30157†North Atlantic Ocean Historical Tropical Cyclone Statistics http://tropical.atmos.colostate.edu/Realtime/index.php?arch&loc=northatlantic Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 19 July 2023 4 June 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230604150511/http://tropical.atmos.colostate.edu/Realtime/index.php?arch&loc=northatlantic liveRecord low activity10†0†TSRDecember 9, 20141362TSRApril 9, 20151152CSUApril 9, 2015731NCSUApril 13, 20154–61–31UKMOMay 21, 20158*5*N/ANOAAMay 27, 20156–113–60–2CSUJune 1, 2015831CSUJuly 1, 2015831CSUAugust 4, 2015821TSRAugust 5, 20151141NOAAAugust 6, 20156–101–40–1http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2015/080615-noaa-increased-likelihood-of-below-normal-atlantic-hurricane-season.html Increased likelihood of below-normal Atlantic hurricane season National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Prediction Center 6 August 2015 29 September 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20150808194731/http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2015/080615-noaa-increased-likelihood-of-below-normal-atlantic-hurricane-season.html 8 August 2015Actual activity1142* June–November only† Most recent of several such occurrences. (See all) In advance of, and during, each hurricane season, several forecasts of hurricane activity are issued by national meteorological services, scientific agencies, and noted hurricane experts. These include forecasters from the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s National Hurricane and Climate Prediction Center, Tropical Storm Risk, the United Kingdom's Met Office, and Philip J. Klotzbach, William M. Gray and their associates at Colorado State University (CSU). The forecasts include weekly and monthly changes in significant factors that help determine the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a particular year. According to NOAA and CSU, the average Atlantic hurricane season between 1981 and 2010 contained roughly 12 tropical storms, six hurricanes, three major hurricanes, and an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index of 66–103 units. Broadly speaking, ACE is a measure of the power of a tropical or subtropical storm multiplied by the length of time it existed. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration or stronger intensity will have high values of ACE. It is only calculated for full advisories on specific tropical and subtropical systems reaching or exceeding wind speeds of 39 mph km/h on. Accordingly, tropical depressions are not included here. After the storm has dissipated, typically after the end of the season, the NHC reexamines the data, and produces a final report on each storm. These revisions can lead to a revised ACE total either upward or downward compared to the operational value.Hurricane Research Division; Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Atlantic basin Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT 7 April 2016 http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/comparison_table.html Miami, Florida 29 March 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140329014406/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/comparison_table.html live NOAA typically categorizes a season as either above-average, average, or below-average based on the cumulative ACE Index, but the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a hurricane season are considered occasionally as well.Climate Prediction Center http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/outlooks/background_information.shtml Background Information: The North Atlantic Hurricane Season National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 9 August 2012 29 September 2021 College Park, Maryland https://web.archive.org/web/20120731070933/http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/outlooks/background_information.shtml 31 July 2012 Pre-season forecasts On December 9, 2014, Tropical Storm Risk (TSR), a public consortium consisting of experts on insurance, risk management, and seasonal climate forecasting at University College London, issued its first outlook on seasonal hurricane activity during the 2015 season. In its report, the organization forecast activity about 20% below the 1950–2014 average, or about 30% below the 2005–2014 average, totaling to 13 (±4) tropical storms, 6 (±3) hurricanes, 2 (±2) major hurricanes, and a cumulative ACE index of 79 (±58) units. This forecast was largely based on an enhancement of low-level trade winds across the tropical Atlantic during the July to September period. TSR's report stressed that uncertainty in this forecast existed due to the unpredictability in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and North Atlantic sea surface temperatures.Mark Saunders Adam Lea Extended Range Forecast for Atlantic Hurricane Activity in 2015 http://www.tropicalstormrisk.com/docs/TSRATLForecastDec2015.pdf Tropical Storm Risk Tropical Storm Risk 9 December 2014 7 January 2015 London, United Kingdom 7 January 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150107231729/http://www.tropicalstormrisk.com/docs/TSRATLForecastDec2015.pdf live A few months later, on April 9, 2015, TSR updated its report, detailing its prediction of activity 45% below the 1950–2014 average, or about 50% below the recent 2005–2014 average, with 11 named storms, 5 hurricanes, 2 major hurricanes, and a cumulative ACE index of 56 units. TSR cited what were expected to be cooler than average ocean temperatures across the tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea as reasoning for lower activity. In addition, the report stated that if the ACE forecast for 2015 were to verify, the total values during the three-year period from 2013 to 2015 would be the lowest since 1992–1994, signalling a possible end to the active phase of Atlantic hurricane activity that began in 1995.Mark Saunders Adam Lea April Forecast Update for Atlantic Hurricane Activity in 2015 http://www.tropicalstormrisk.com/docs/TSRATLForecastApr2015.pdf Tropical Storm Risk Tropical Storm Risk 9 April 2014 9 April 2015 London, United Kingdom 14 April 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150414033811/http://www.tropicalstormrisk.com/docs/TSRATLForecastApr2015.pdf live On April 9, CSU also released its first quantitative forecast for the 2015 hurricane season, predicting 7 named storms, 3 hurricanes, 1 major hurricane, and a cumulative ACE index of 40 units. The combination of cooler than average waters in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, as well as a developing El Niño predicted to reach at least moderate intensity, were expected to favor one of the least active seasons since the mid-1990s. The probabilities of a major hurricane striking various coastal areas across the Atlantic were lower than average, although CSU stressed that it only takes one landfalling hurricane to make it an active season for residents involved.Phillip J. Klotzbach William M. Gray Extended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and Landfall Strike Probability for 2015 https://tropical.colostate.edu/Forecast/Archived_Forecasts/2010s/2015-04.pdf Colorado State University 29 September 2021 9 April 2015 15 July 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210715192224/https://tropical.colostate.edu/Forecast/Archived_Forecasts/2010s/2015-04.pdf live On April 13, North Carolina State University (NCSU) released its forecast, predicting a near record-low season with just 4 to 6 named storms, 1 to 3 hurricanes, and 1 major hurricane.Expect Quiet Hurricane Season, NC State Researchers Say https://news.ncsu.edu/2015/04/hurricane-2015/ North Carolina State University 13 April 2015 PDF 13 April 2015 26 June 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150626115640/https://news.ncsu.edu/2015/04/hurricane-2015/ live On May 21, the United Kingdom Met Office (UKMO) issued its forecast, predicting a season with below-normal activity. It predicted 8 storms, with a 70% chance that the number of storms would be between 6 and 10; it predicted 5 hurricanes, with a 70% chance that that number would fall in the range of 3 to 7. UKMO's ACE index prediction was 74 units, with a 70% chance of the index falling in the range of 40 to 108 units.http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/tropicalcyclone/seasonal/northatlantic2015 North Atlantic tropical storm seasonal forecast 2015 21 May 2015 9 June 2015 Met Office 10 June 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150610065835/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/tropicalcyclone/seasonal/northatlantic2015 dead On May 27, NOAA released its seasonal forecast, predicting a below-normal season with 6 to 11 named storms, 3 to 6 hurricanes, and 0 to 2 major hurricanes. NOAA indicated that there was a 70% chance of a below-normal season, a 20% chance of a near-normal season, and a 10% chance of an above-normal season.http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2015/20150527-noaa-hurricane-outlook-below-normal-atlantic-hurricane-season-is-likely-this-year.html NOAA: Below-normal Atlantic Hurricane Season is likely this year 27 May 2015 29 September 2021 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration https://web.archive.org/web/20150601010907/http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2015/20150527-noaa-hurricane-outlook-below-normal-atlantic-hurricane-season-is-likely-this-year.html 1 June 2015 Mid-season outlooks On June 1, CSU released an updated forecast, increasing the number of predicted named storms to 8, due to the early formation of Tropical Storm Ana, while keeping the predictions for hurricanes and major hurricanes at 3 and 1, respectively; the ACE index forecast was also kept at 40 units. Probabilities of a major hurricane making landfall on various coastal areas remained below average.Phillip J. Klotzbach William M. Gray Extended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and Landfall Strike Probability for 2015 https://tropical.colostate.edu/Forecast/Archived_Forecasts/2010s/2015-06.pdf Colorado State University 29 September 2021 1 June 2015 15 July 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210715192058/https://tropical.colostate.edu/Forecast/Archived_Forecasts/2010s/2015-06.pdf live CSU's third forecast, issued on July 1, remained unchanged.Phillip J. Klotzbach William M. Gray Extended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and Landfall Strike Probability for 2015 https://tropical.colostate.edu/Forecast/Archived_Forecasts/2010s/2015-07.pdf Colorado State University 29 September 2021 1 July 2015 15 July 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210715192401/https://tropical.colostate.edu/Forecast/Archived_Forecasts/2010s/2015-07.pdf live The fourth and final forecast issued by CSU on August 4 again predicted eight named storms and one major hurricane, but the number of hurricanes was decreased to two.Phillip J. Klotzbach William M. Gray Extended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and Landfall Strike Probability for 2015 https://tropical.colostate.edu/Forecast/Archived_Forecasts/2010s/2015-08.pdf Colorado State University 29 September 2021 4 August 2015 15 July 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210715192424/https://tropical.colostate.edu/Forecast/Archived_Forecasts/2010s/2015-08.pdf live On August 5, TSR updated their forecast and lowered the number of hurricanes developing within the basin to 4, with only 1 forecasted to be a major hurricane. The ACE index was also reduced to 44 units.Mark Saunders Adam Lea April Forecast Update for Atlantic Hurricane Activity in 2015 http://www.tropicalstormrisk.com/docs/TSRATLForecastAug2015.pdf Tropical Storm Risk Tropical Storm Risk 5 August 2015 5 August 2015 London, United Kingdom 9 May 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160509145021/http://www.tropicalstormrisk.com/docs/TSRATLForecastAug2015.pdf live Seasonal summary thumb|right|250px|Hurricane Joaquin over the Bahamas on October 1 The Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 2015. It was a slightly below average season in which twelve tropical cyclones formed. Eleven of the twelve designated cyclones attained tropical storm status. Of the eight tropical storms, four reached at least Category 1 hurricane intensity. The 2015 season extended the period without major hurricane landfalls in the United States to ten years, with the last such system being Hurricane Wilma in 2005. The lack of activity was primarily attributed to an atmospheric circulation that favored dry, sinking air over low latitudes to the west of 40°W and westerly wind shear enhanced by El Niño. A few notable events occurred during the season. Ana was the first tropical cyclone to form in the off-season since 2012.https://weather.com/storms/hurricane/news/tropical-storm-ana-atlantic-hurricane-season Tropical Storm Ana Recap Jon Erdman 11 May 2015 The Weather Channel 10 March 2016 10 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160310133135/https://weather.com/storms/hurricane/news/tropical-storm-ana-atlantic-hurricane-season live Erika became only the second storm in the satellite era to be retired without reaching hurricane strength (Tropical Storm Allison was the first) and only the third to be retired without having made landfall (Hurricanes Klaus and Fabian were the first and second, respectively). Fred was one of the easternmost tropical storms recorded and made landfall in Cape Verde as a Category 1 hurricane, becoming the first hurricane to strike that country since 1892.https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/top-ten-2015-atlantic-hurricane-season-events-paris-climate-talks-ram.html Top Ten 2015 Atlantic Hurricane Season Events; Paris Climate Talks Ramp Up Jeff Masters Bob Henson 1 December 2015 Weather Underground 29 September 2021 29 September 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210929063924/https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/top-ten-2015-atlantic-hurricane-season-events-paris-climate-talks-ram.html live Joaquin was the most intense storm of non-tropical origin in the satellite era and the strongest to affect the Bahamas in October since 1866. The tropical cyclones of this season caused 89 deaths and at least $731.8 million in damage. Wendy Sandoval Siglo21 14 June 2015 29 September 2021 Deslaves dejan segunda víctima en Alta Verapaz http://www.s21.com.gt/nacionales/2015/06/14/deslaves-dejan-segunda-victima-alta-verapaz es https://web.archive.org/web/20150617123354/http://www.s21.com.gt/nacionales/2015/06/14/deslaves-dejan-segunda-victima-alta-verapaz 17 June 2015 La Prensa Grafica 16 June 2015 16 June 2015 Lluvias causan dos muertos y daños http://www.laprensagrafica.com/2015/06/16/lluvias-causan-dos-muertos-y-daos es 17 June 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150617122950/http://www.laprensagrafica.com/2015/06/16/lluvias-causan-dos-muertos-y-daos dead El Universal Diario de Yucatán 16 June 2015 16 June 2015 "Carlos", otra vez ciclón http://yucatan.com.mx/mexico/desastres-naturales/carlos-otra-vez-ciclon es https://archive.today/20150625133227/http://yucatan.com.mx/mexico/desastres-naturales/carlos-otra-vez-ciclon 25 June 2015 dead National Climatic Data Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2015 18 September 2015 Storm Events Database http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/choosedates.jsp?statefips=-999%2CALL Asheville, North Carolina dead https://web.archive.org/web/20151003162737/http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/choosedates.jsp?statefips=-999%2CALL 3 October 2015 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL022015_Bill.pdf Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Bill Robbie J. Berg 9 September 2015 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2 December 2015 Miami, Florida 16 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151216090657/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL022015_Bill.pdf live Dominica pleads for help as storm death toll tops 30 https://news.yahoo.com/dominica-pleads-help-storm-death-toll-tops-30-190228024.html Agence France-Presse 1 September 2015 Yahoo! News 1 December 2015 21 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151021233334/http://news.yahoo.com/dominica-pleads-help-storm-death-toll-tops-30-190228024.html live http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL052015_Erika.pdf Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Erika Richard J. Pasch Andrew B. Penny 6 February 2016 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 12 February 2016 Miami, Florida 17 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160317165206/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL052015_Erika.pdf live http://noticias.sapo.cv/info/artigo/1451601.html Furacão Fred desalojou 50 famílias e causou estragos em todo o país Sapo Notícias Lusa 1 September 2015 2 December 2015 pt Praia, Cape Verde https://web.archive.org/web/20151208163248/http://noticias.sapo.cv/info/artigo/1451601.html 8 December 2015 dead http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL062015_Fred.pdf Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Fred John L. Beven II 20 January 2016 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 12 February 2016 Miami, Florida 27 January 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160127061205/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL062015_Fred.pdf live Robbie J. Berg Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Joaquin http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL112015_Joaquin.pdf National Hurricane Center 16 November 2015 8 March 2016 Miami, Florida 4 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304123651/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL112015_Joaquin.pdf live Government of the Bahamas Review of the Past Hurricane Season 5 April 2016 The Tribune 6 April 2016 https://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/linkedfiles/HC_38Doc.3.2.7-Bahamas-_en.docx 17 April 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160417061314/https://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/linkedfiles/HC_38Doc.3.2.7-Bahamas-_en.docx live The Atlantic hurricane season officially ended on November 30, 2015. Tropical cyclogenesis began early, with Ana developing on May 8, over three weeks prior to the official beginning of the season and far ahead of the long-term climatological average of July 9. The month of June featured one tropical cyclone, Bill, which formed on June 16. Claudette, the only system in the month of July, developed on July 13. The rate of tropical cyclogenesis increased in August, though no storms developed in the first half of the month. Danny, the season's first major hurricane, formed on August 16, followed by Erika on August 24, and Fred on August 30. September, which is the climatological peak of hurricane season, featured five additional tropical cyclones – Grace, Henri, Tropical Depression Nine, Ida, and Joaquin. The most intense storm of the season was Joaquin, which peaked as a strong Category 4 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 155 mph km/h on 5, just short of Category 5 on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. Joaquin lasted into October, though no other systems developed that month. The season's final cyclone, Kate, developed on November 8 and became extratropical on November 11. The season's activity was reflected with an Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) rating of 62.7, which was well below the 1981–2010 median of 92.2015 Atlantic Hurricane Season https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/index.php?season=2015&basin=atl 25 August 2025 www.nhc.noaa.govExtended Range Forecast of Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity and Landfall Strike Probability for 2014 https://tropical.colostate.edu/Forecast/Archived_Forecasts/2010s/2014-04.pdf Colorado State University 29 September 2021 Phillip J. Klotzbach William M. Gray 10 April 2014 15 July 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210715192442/https://tropical.colostate.edu/Forecast/Archived_Forecasts/2010s/2014-04.pdf live Systems Tropical Storm Ana Atl Ana 2015-05-09 1540Z.jpg Ana 2015 path.png May 8 May 11 50 998 Tropical Storm Ana (2015) A low-pressure area of non-tropical origins developed into Subtropical Storm Ana at 00:00 UTC on May 8, while situated about 175 mi km southeast of Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. The system was classified as subtropical due to its involvement with an upper trough, as well as its large wind field. Throughout the day, convection progressively increased as Ana moved north-northwestward across the warm sea surface temperatures associated with the Gulf Stream. At 00:00 UTC on May 9, the cyclone attained its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 60 mph km/h and a minimum barometric pressure of 998 mbar inHg on. Six hours later, Ana transitioned into a fully tropical system. However, the storm soon began weakening after moving away from the warm waters of the Gulf Stream and increasing wind shear also contributed to the deterioration of Ana. Around 10:00 UTC on May 10, the system made landfall near North Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, with winds of 45 mph km/h on 5. Ana weakened to a tropical depression just eight hours later and transitioned into a remnant low near the Delmarva Peninsula at 00:00 UTC on May 12. The remnant low merged with a frontal system about 24 hours later.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL012015_Ana.pdf Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Ana Stacy R. Stewart 15 September 2015 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1 December 2015 Miami, Florida 24 November 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151124224300/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL012015_Ana.pdf live Striking South Carolina on May 10, Ana became the earliest U.S. landfalling system on record. In the state, a storm surge peaking at about 2.5 ft m resulted in erosion and minor coastal flooding, with roads washed out at North Myrtle Beach.Liz Cooper Impacts of Ana along the Grand Strand 10 May 2015 WPDE Carolina Live 11 May 2015 http://www.carolinalive.com/news/story.aspx?id=1202744#.VVDq_pOyrnc 18 May 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150518094206/http://www.carolinalive.com/news/story.aspx?id=1202744#.VVDq_pOyrnc live Inland, moderate rainfall caused a lake to rise above its bank, inundating some homes and streets.James Hopkins Ana causes flooding, beach erosion in North Myrtle Beach 11 May 2015 WBTW 12 May 2015 http://wvtm.membercenter.worldnow.com/story/29003823/forecasters-post-high-surf-rip-current-advisories-for-sc https://web.archive.org/web/20151208143928/http://wvtm.membercenter.worldnow.com/story/29003823/forecasters-post-high-surf-rip-current-advisories-for-sc dead 8 December 2015 Myrtle Beach, South Carolina One drowning death occurred in North Carolina after rip currents caused a man to remain underwater for more than 10 minutes. Rainfall in the state peaked at 6.7 in mm southeast of Kinston, North Carolina, where minor street flooding took place. In Lenoir County, local firefighters rescued several stranded individuals by boat when rising floodwaters isolated about 10 residences. Tropical storm-force winds were confined to coastal areas, with a peak gust of 62 mph km/h on observed near Southport.National Weather Service Office in Wilmington, North Carolina National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 10 May 2015 10 May 2015 Public Information Statement http://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?site=NWS&product=PNS&issuedby=ILM 13 May 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150513211607/http://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?site=NWS&product=PNS&issuedby=ILM Wilmington, North Carolina dead An additional death occurred in North Carolina after a tree fell on a car in Richlands. Damages totaled to $20,000.Storm Events Database - Search Results National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/textsearch.jsp?q=Tropical+Storm+Ana 19 September 2024 www.ncdc.noaa.gov Tropical Storm Bill Atl Bill 2015-06-16 1955Z.jpg Bill 2015 path.png June 16 June 18 50 997 Tropical Storm Bill (2015) The National Hurricane Center (NHC) began monitoring an area disorganized convection across the northwestern Caribbean Sea in association with an upper-level trough on June 12.Eric S. Blake James L. Franklin Tropical Weather Outlook valid 200 pm EDT Fri Jun 12 2015 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/text/TWOAT/2015/TWOAT.201506121749.txt National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 12 June 2015 2 December 2015 Miami, Florida 3 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212031/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/text/TWOAT/2015/TWOAT.201506121749.txt live After interacting with a broad area of low pressure near the Yucatán Peninsula, an elongated area of low pressure formed in the vicinity on June 13. The system moved northwestward into the Gulf of Mexico and developed a well-defined circulation early on June 16. Because the system was already producing tropical storm force winds, it was immediately classified as Tropical Storm Bill while situated about 200 mi km on 5 from the US. Initially continuing northwestward, Bill re-curved west-northwestward later on June 16. Around 12:00 UTC, the storm peaked with winds of 60 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum pressure of 997 mbar inHg on. Just under five hours later, Bill made landfall near on Matagorda Island, Texas, at the same intensity. The cyclone weakened to a tropical depression and turned northward early on June 17.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL022015_Bill.pdf Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Bill Robbie J. Berg 9 September 2015 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2 December 2015 Miami, Florida 16 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151216090657/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL022015_Bill.pdf live However, possibly due to the rare brown ocean effect,15 June 2015 Jeff Masters Bob Henson Dangerous Flood Potential in Texas, Oklahoma from Invest 91L https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/dangerous-flood-potential-in-texas-oklahoma-from-invest-91l.html 29 September 2021 29 September 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210929063930/https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/dangerous-flood-potential-in-texas-oklahoma-from-invest-91l.html live Bill remained a tropical cyclone until late on June 18, when it degenerated into a remnant low over eastern Oklahoma. The remnant low moved east-northeastward until dissipating over West Virginia on June 21. The precursor to Bill produced widespread heavy rain in Central America. In Guatemala, flooding affected more than 100 homes while a landslide killed two people.Wendy Sandoval Siglo21 14 June 2015 29 September 2021 Deslaves dejan segunda víctima en Alta Verapaz http://www.s21.com.gt/nacionales/2015/06/14/deslaves-dejan-segunda-victima-alta-verapaz es https://web.archive.org/web/20150617123354/http://www.s21.com.gt/nacionales/2015/06/14/deslaves-dejan-segunda-victima-alta-verapaz 17 June 2015 Two others died in Honduras due to flooding with two more missing.La Prensa Grafica 16 June 2015 16 June 2015 Lluvias causan dos muertos y daños http://www.laprensagrafica.com/2015/06/16/lluvias-causan-dos-muertos-y-daos es 17 June 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150617122950/http://www.laprensagrafica.com/2015/06/16/lluvias-causan-dos-muertos-y-daos dead Heavy rains fell across parts of the Yucatán Peninsula, with accumulations peaking at 330 mm in on flip in Cancún, the highest daily total seen in the city in nearly two years. One person died from electrocution in the city.El Universal Diario de Yucatán 16 June 2015 16 June 2015 "Carlos", otra vez ciclón http://yucatan.com.mx/mexico/desastres-naturales/carlos-otra-vez-ciclon es https://archive.today/20150625133227/http://yucatan.com.mx/mexico/desastres-naturales/carlos-otra-vez-ciclon 25 June 2015 dead In Texas, flooding was exacerbated by record rainfall in some areas in May. A number of roads were inundated and several water rescues were required in Alice and San Antonio. Major traffic jams occurred in the Houston and Dallas areas. Coastal flooding left minor damage, mostly in Galveston and Matagorda counties. One death occurred when a boy was swept into a culvert.National Weather Service Office in Fort Worth, Texas National Climatic Data Center 2015 2 December 2015 Texas Event Report: Flash Flood http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=586732 3 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151003155624/http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=586732 live In Oklahoma, numerous roads were also inundated by water. Interstate 35 was closed near Turner Falls due to a rockslide and near Ardmore because of high water. There were two fatalities in Oklahoma, both from drowning. There was also flooding in several others states. Across the United States, Bill was responsible for at least $100 million in damage.http://thoughtleadership.aonbenfield.com/Documents/20150807-if-june-global-recap.pdf June 2015 Global Catastrophe Recap Aon Benfield 4 3 September 2015 London, England 4 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304104553/http://thoughtleadership.aonbenfield.com/Documents/20150807-if-june-global-recap.pdf liveNational Climatic Data Center 2015 18 September 2015 Texas Storm Events Database https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/listevents.jsp?eventType=ALL&beginDate_mm=06&beginDate_dd=15&beginDate_yyyy=2015&endDate_mm=06&endDate_dd=30&endDate_yyyy=2015&county=ALL&hailfilter=0.00&tornfilter=0&windfilter=000&sort=DT&submitbutton=Search&statefips=40%2COKLAHOMA 27 March 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091209/https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/listevents.jsp?eventType=ALL&beginDate_mm=06&beginDate_dd=15&beginDate_yyyy=2015&endDate_mm=06&endDate_dd=30&endDate_yyyy=2015&county=ALL&hailfilter=0.00&tornfilter=0&windfilter=000&sort=DT&submitbutton=Search&statefips=40%2COKLAHOMA liveNational Climatic Data Center 2015 18 September 2015 Oklahoma Storm Events Database https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/listevents.jsp?eventType=ALL&beginDate_mm=06&beginDate_dd=17&beginDate_yyyy=2015&endDate_mm=06&endDate_dd=21&endDate_yyyy=2015&county=ALL&hailfilter=0.00&tornfilter=0&windfilter=000&sort=DT&submitbutton=Search&statefips=40%2COKLAHOMA 27 March 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190327085635/https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/listevents.jsp?eventType=ALL&beginDate_mm=06&beginDate_dd=17&beginDate_yyyy=2015&endDate_mm=06&endDate_dd=21&endDate_yyyy=2015&county=ALL&hailfilter=0.00&tornfilter=0&windfilter=000&sort=DT&submitbutton=Search&statefips=40%2COKLAHOMA live Tropical Storm Claudette Claudette Atl Claudette 2015-07-13 1730Z.jpg Claudette 2015 path.png July 13 July 14 45 1003 In early July, a shortwave trough embedded in the westerlies crossed the United States. The system emerged over the Atlantic near the Outer Banks of North Carolina on July 12; a surface low soon developed. Traversing the Gulf Stream, convection abruptly increased on July 13 and it is estimated that a tropical depression formed by 06:00 UTC that day, roughly 255 mi km on 5 east-northeast of Cape Hatteras. Six hours later, the depression intensified into a tropical storm and was assigned the name Claudette. The sudden development of the cyclone was not well-forecast,Lixion A. Avila National Hurricane Center 14 August 2015 30 September 2015 Tropical Storm Claudette Tropical Cyclone Report http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL032015_Claudette.pdf Miami, Florida 2 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151002000847/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL032015_Claudette.pdf live and Claudette was not operationally warned upon until it was already a tropical storm.Daniel P. Brown National Hurricane Center 13 July 2015 30 September 2015 Tropical Storm Claudette Special Advisory Number 1 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al03/al032015.public.001.shtml Advisory Miami, Florida 1 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151001231902/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al03/al032015.public.001.shtml live Embedded within southwesterly flow ahead of mid-latitude trough, the storm moved generally northeast. Claudette reached its peak intensity around 18:00 UTC with winds of 50 mph km/h on 5 and a pressure of 1003 mbar (hPa; 1003 mbar inHg on 4 out). Increasing wind shear on July 14 prompted weakening, displacing convection from the storm's center. It subsequently degenerated into a remnant low by 00:00 UTC on July 15. The remnants of Claudette were absorbed into a frontal boundary just south of Newfoundland later that day. Foggy and wet conditions associated with Claudette forced flight cancellations and travel delays across portions of eastern Newfoundland.15 July 2015 23 July 2015 Post-tropical storm Claudette flight cancellations plague travellers CBC News http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/post-tropical-storm-claudette-flight-cancellations-plague-travellers-1.3152876 18 July 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150718035404/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/post-tropical-storm-claudette-flight-cancellations-plague-travellers-1.3152876 live Hurricane Danny Danny Atl Danny 2015-08-21 1620Z.jpg Danny 2015 path.png August 18 August 24 110 960 Hurricane Danny (2015) A tropical wave emerged off the western coast of Africa in mid-August, acquiring sufficient organization to be declared a tropical depression by 06:00 UTC on August 18 while located about 765 mi km on southwest of Cape Verde. The depression intensified into Tropical Storm Danny six hours later. Steered generally westward, the cyclone initially struggled to intensify quickly in the midst of abundant Saharan Air Layer, but it managed to attain hurricane intensity around 12:00 UTC on August 20. Thereafter, Danny began a period of rapid deepening, becoming a Category 3 hurricane and attaining peak winds of 125 mph km/h on 5 early on August 21. The negative effects of dry air and increased shear began to affect the cyclone after peak.Stacy R. Stewart Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Danny http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL042015_Danny.pdf National Hurricane Center 19 January 2016 22 January 2016 Miami, Florida 27 January 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160127051558/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL042015_Danny.pdf live Early on August 22, the storm weakened to a Category 2 and further to a Category 1 hurricane several hours later. Danny then deteriorated to a tropical storm by 00:00 UTC on August 23. After about twelve hours, the cyclone weakened to a tropical depression as it moved through the Leeward Islands. Danny degenerated into an open wave at 18:00 UTC on August 24. The remnants of Danny continued to the west-northwest for another day and was last noted over Hispaniola. The hurricane prompted the issuance of several tropical storm warnings for the Lesser Antilles. Leeward Islands Air Transport cancelled 40 flights and sandbags were distributed in the United States Virgin Islands.Associated Press Jamaica Observer 23 August 2015 28 January 2016 Puerto Rico, USVI prepare for Tropical Storm Danny http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/latestnews/Puerto-Rico--USVI-prepare-for-Tropical-Storm-Danny San Juan, Puerto Rico https://web.archive.org/web/20160223004636/http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/latestnews/Puerto-Rico--USVI-prepare-for-Tropical-Storm-Danny 23 February 2016 deadJenny Staletovich Jacqueline Charles Miami Herald 21 August 2015 28 January 2016 Hurricane Danny raises worry in Caribbean; expected to weaken over weekend http://www.miamiherald.com/news/weather/hurricane/article31706678.html 26 January 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160126032401/http://www.miamiherald.com/news/weather/hurricane/article31706678.html live Danny ultimately only brought light rain to the region, with its effects considered beneficial due to a severe drought. Tropical Storm Erika Erika Atl Erika 2015-08-27 1725Z.jpg Erika 2015 path.png August 24 August 28 45 1001 Tropical Storm Erika A westward-moving tropical wave developed into Tropical Storm Erika late on August 24 while located about 1,035 mi km on east of the Leeward Islands. Steered briskly westward by southerly flow associated with a subtropical ridge, the storm did not strengthen further despite initially favorable conditions. On August 25, Erika encountered wind shear and dry mid-level air, causing the storm to weaken slightly and leaving the low-level circulation partially exposed. Contrary to predictions of a northwesterly recurvature, the cyclone persisted on a westerly course and passed through the Leeward Islands just north of Guadeloupe on August 27. Unfavorable conditions in the Caribbean Sea prevented Erika from strengthening beyond 50 mph km/h on 5. Late on August 28, the storm degenerated into a low-pressure area just south of the eastern tip of Hispaniola. Shortly thereafter, the remnants trekked across Hispaniola and later Cuba, before reaching the Gulf of Mexico on September 1. After striking Florida on the following day, the remains of Erika became indistinguishable over Georgia on September 3.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL052015_Erika.pdf Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Erika Richard J. Pasch Andrew B. Penny 6 February 2016 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 12 February 2016 Miami, Florida 17 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160317165206/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL052015_Erika.pdf live Several Leeward Islands experienced heavy rainfall during the passage of Erika, especially Dominica. There, 15 in mm on of precipitation fell at Canefield Airport,Carlisle Jno Paptiste Danica Coto Associated Press U.S. News & World Report 27 August 2015 27 August 2015 5 missing in Dominica as Tropical Storm Erika unleashes heavy rain, wind, landslides https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2015/08/27/5-missing-in-dominica-as-ts-erika-unleashes-landslides Roseau, Dominica 11 September 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150911123509/http://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2015/08/27/5-missing-in-dominica-as-ts-erika-unleashes-landslides liveThe Weather Channel 27 August 2015 27 August 2015 Tropical Storm Erika: At Least 2 Dead, Widespread Flooding Reported in Dominica; Florida Prepares For Possible Impacts http://www.weather.com/safety/hurricane/news/tropical-storm-erika-preparations-caribbean-florida-impacts 27 August 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150827210639/http://www.weather.com//safety/hurricane/news/tropical-storm-erika-preparations-caribbean-florida-impacts live causing catastrophic mudslides and flooding. A total of 890 homes were destroyed or left uninhabitable while 1,429 people were rendered homeless, and entire villages were flattened.Ashley Mayrianne Jones Virgin Islands Daily News 3 October 2015 8 October 2015 Month after Erika, Dominica destruction 'jaw-dropping' http://virginislandsdailynews.com/news/month-after-erika-dominica-destruction-jaw-dropping-1.1952541 https://archive.today/20151010023547/http://virginislandsdailynews.com/news/month-after-erika-dominica-destruction-jaw-dropping-1.1952541 dead 10 October 2015 With a total of 30 deaths, Erika was the deadliest natural disaster in Dominica since David in 1979.The Dominican 28 August 2015 28 August 2015 At least 27 dead in Petite Savanne following Erika http://www.thedominican.net/2015/08/twenty-seven-dead-in-dominica.html 31 August 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150831001142/http://thedominican.net/2015/08/twenty-seven-dead-in-dominica.html liveDominica pleads for help as storm death toll tops 30 https://news.yahoo.com/dominica-pleads-help-storm-death-toll-tops-30-190228024.html Agence France-Presse 1 September 2015 Yahoo! News 1 December 2015 21 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151021233334/http://news.yahoo.com/dominica-pleads-help-storm-death-toll-tops-30-190228024.html live Overall, there was up to $500 million in damage and the island was set back approximately 20 years in terms of development.http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/28/us/tropical-weather-erika/index.html Joshua Berlinger Steve Almasy Nine dead, others missing after Tropical Storm Erika's deluge hits Dominica CNN 28 August 2015 29 August 2015 28 August 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150828223612/http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/28/us/tropical-weather-erika/index.html live In Guadeloupe, heavy rainfall in the vicinity of Basse-Terre caused flooding and mudslides, forcing roads to temporarily close.Laurie-Anne Virassamy France Télévisions 27 August 2015 30 August 2015 Erika perturbe la Martinique http://martinique.la1ere.fr/2015/08/27/erika-perturbe-la-martinique-282389.html fr 30 August 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150830014926/http://martinique.la1ere.fr/2015/08/27/erika-perturbe-la-martinique-282389.html live Approximately 200,000 people in Puerto Rico were left without electricity.Associated Press Newsday 28 August 2015 29 September 2021 Erika soaks Puerto Rico after 4 killed in Dominica http://www.newsday.com/news/world/tropical-storm-erika-soaks-puerto-rico-after-4-killed-in-dominica-1.10785008 San Juan, Puerto Rico https://web.archive.org/web/20150913090046/https://www.newsday.com/news/world/tropical-storm-erika-soaks-puerto-rico-after-4-killed-in-dominica-1.10785008 13 September 2015 The island experienced at least $17.4 million in agricultural damage. In the Dominican Republic, a weather station in Barahona measured 24.26 in mm on of rain, including 8.8 in mm on in a single hour.Jeff Masters Weather Underground 29 August 2015 29 September 2021 Erika Dissipates https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/erika-dissipates.html 29 September 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210929063922/https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/erika-dissipates.html live A total of 823 homes suffered damage and 7,345 people were displaced.http://www.dominicantoday.com/dr/local/2015/8/29/56269/Erika-leaves-over-7300-displaced-in-Dominican-Republic Erika leaves over 7,300 displaced in Dominican Republic 29 August 2015 Dominican Today 30 August 2015 Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic 31 August 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150831025822/http://www.dominicantoday.com/dr/local/2015/8/29/56269/Erika-leaves-over-7300-displaced-in-Dominican-Republic live Five people died in Haiti, four from a weather-related traffic accident and one from a landslide.Francisco Jara Agence France-Presse ReliefWeb 30 August 2015 30 August 2015 Tropical storm Erika drenches parched Cuba http://reliefweb.int/report/cuba/tropical-storm-erika-drenches-parched-cuba Havana, Cuba https://web.archive.org/web/20150913011606/http://reliefweb.int/report/cuba/tropical-storm-erika-drenches-parched-cuba 13 September 2015 Hurricane Fred Fred Atl Fred 2015-08-31 1215Z.jpg Fred 2015 path.png August 30 September 6 75 986 Hurricane Fred (2015) A well-defined tropical wave developed into a tropical depression just offshore Africa about 190 mi km on 5 west-northwest of Conakry, Guinea, early on August 30. About six hours later, the depression intensified into a tropical storm. The next day, Fred further grew to a Category 1 hurricane and several hours later peaked with winds of 85 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum pressure of 986 mbar inHg on while approaching Cape Verde. After passing Boa Vista and moving away from Santo Antão, it entered a phase of steady weakening, dropping below hurricane status by September 1. Fred then turned to the west-northwest and endured increasingly hostile wind shear,http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL062015_Fred.pdf Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Fred John L. Beven II 20 January 2016 National Hurricane Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 12 February 2016 Miami, Florida 27 January 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160127061205/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL062015_Fred.pdf live but maintained its status as a tropical cyclone despite repeated forecasts of dissipation.http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al06/al062015.discus.013.shtml? Tropical Storm Fred Discussion Number Thirteen John L. Beven II 2 September 2015 2 December 2015 National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 8 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151208050912/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al06/al062015.discus.013.shtml live http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al06/al062015.discus.018.shtml? Tropical Storm Fred Discussion Number Eighteen Stacy R. Stewart 3 September 2015 2 December 2015 National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 8 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151208074525/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al06/al062015.discus.018.shtml live http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al06/al062015.discus.022.shtml? Tropical Storm Fred Discussion Number Twenty-Two John L. Beven II 4 September 2015 2 December 2015 National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 8 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151208060244/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al06/al062015.discus.022.shtml live It fluctuated between a minimal tropical storm and tropical depression through September 4–5 before curving sharply to the north. By September 6, Fred's circulation pattern had diminished considerably and the cyclone degenerated into a trough several hours later while located about 1,210 mi km on southwest of the Azores. The remnants were soon absorbed by a frontal system. At the threat of the hurricane, all of Cape Verde was placed under a hurricane warning for the first time in history.http://www.deolhonotempo.com.br/index.php/internacional/2304-primeiro-furacao-da-historia-fred-ameaca-cabo-verde Primeiro furacão da história, "Fred" ameaça Cabo Verde 30 August 2015 2 December 2015 De Olho No Tempo Meteorologia pt São Paulo, Brazil 14 September 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170914035410/http://www.deolhonotempo.com.br/index.php/internacional/2304-primeiro-furacao-da-historia-fred-ameaca-cabo-verde dead Gale-force winds battered much of the Barlavento region through August 31, downing numerous trees and utility poles.http://www.oceanpress.info/cms/Pt/ilhas/sao-nicolau/item/30235-sao-nicolau-agricultores-de-faja-somam-prejuizos-com-passagem-do-furacao-fred Agricultores de Fajã somam prejuízos com passagem do furação Fred Ocean Press Santa Maria, Cape Verde 1 September 2015 2 December 2015 pt https://web.archive.org/web/20151001060839/http://www.oceanpress.info/cms/Pt/ilhas/sao-nicolau/item/30235-sao-nicolau-agricultores-de-faja-somam-prejuizos-com-passagem-do-furacao-fred 1 October 2015 dead On the easternmost islands of Boa Vista and Sal, Fred leveled roofs and left several villages without power and phone services for several days. About 70 percent of the houses in Povoação Velha were damaged to some degree.http://www.asemana.publ.cv/spip.php?article112722 Boa Vista: Furacão Fred deixa 50 casas destruídas em Povoação Velha A Semana Sanny Fonseca pt Praia, Cape Verde 4 September 2015 2 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151107204039/http://asemana.publ.cv/spip.php?article112722 7 November 2015 dead Throughout the northern islands, rainstorms damaged homes and roads, and São Nicolau lost large amounts of its crop and livestock.http://www.inforpress.publ.cv/index.php/PT/ambiente/116689-furacao-fred-governo-vai-precisar-de-30-mil-contos-para-intervencao-em-sao-nicolau Furacão Fred: Governo vai precisar de 30 mil contos para intervenções em São Nicolau 8 September 2015 2 December 2015 Praia, Cape Verde pt Inforpress dead https://web.archive.org/web/20151001101846/http://www.inforpress.publ.cv/index.php/PT/ambiente/116689-furacao-fred-governo-vai-precisar-de-30-mil-contos-para-intervencao-em-sao-nicolau 1 October 2015 Monetary losses reached $2.5 million across Cape Verde,10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0222.1 2017BAMS...98.2603J Hurricane Fred (2015): Cape Verde's First Hurricane in Modern Times: Observations, Impacts, and Lessons Learned Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 98 12 2603 Jenkins Gregory S. Brito Ester Soares Emanuel Chiao Sen Lima Jose Pimenta Tavares Benvendo Cardoso Angelo Évora Francisco Monteiro Maria 2017 https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/meteorology_pub/73 20 September 2021 17 August 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200817174608/https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/meteorology_pub/73/ live subscription though the rain's overall impact on the agriculture was positive.http://www.dw.com/pt/um-verde-que-renasce-do-furac%C3%A3o-fred/a-18697801 Nélio dos Santos 7 September 2015 2 December 2015 Um verde que renasce do Furacão Fred Deutsche Welle pt Bonn, Germany 28 November 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151128082831/http://www.dw.com/pt/um-verde-que-renasce-do-furac%C3%A3o-fred/a-18697801 live Swells from the hurricane produced violent seas along West African shores, destroying fishing villages and submerging large swaths of residential area in Senegal.http://fr.starafrica.com/actualites/senegal-200-maisons-detruites-par-la-houle-a-dakar.html Sénégal: 200 maisons détruites par la houle à Dakar fr 1 September 2015 2 December 2015 StarAfrica Agence France-Presse dead https://web.archive.org/web/20151228115107/http://fr.starafrica.com/actualites/senegal-200-maisons-detruites-par-la-houle-a-dakar.html 28 December 2015 Overall, nine deaths were directly attributed to Fred. Tropical Storm Grace Grace Atl Grace 2015-09-06 1515Z.jpg Grace 2015 path.png September 5 September 9 50 1000 A tropical wave emerged off the western coast of Africa on September 3. Initially disorganized with a broad area of low pressure, a burst of convection on September 5 led to a more well-defined center, and a tropical depression developed around 06:00 UTC that day while positioned about 175 mi km on 5 south of Cape Verde. The depression intensified into Tropical Storm Grace twelve hours later. Embedded within a generally favorable environment, Grace strengthened to attain peak winds of 60 mph km/h on 5 around 12:00 UTC on September 6, when a mid-level eye feature was evident on satellite. Thereafter, cooler waters and increased shear caused the cyclone to weaken to a tropical depression early on September 8 and dissipate at 12:00 UTC the next day while located within the central Atlantic.Eric S. Blake Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Grace http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL072015_Grace.pdf National Hurricane Center 21 November 2015 1 December 2015 Miami, Florida 8 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151208054434/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL072015_Grace.pdf live Tropical Storm Henri Atl Henri 2015-09-10 1430Z.jpg Henri 2015 path.png September 8 September 11 45 1003 On September 8, an upper-level trough spawned a tropical depression southeast of Bermuda; the next day it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Henri. The system's circulation was disorganized, with multiple vortices revolving around a mean center. Struggling against strong westerly wind shear, Henri attained a peak intensity of 50 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum pressure of 1003 mbar (hPa), possibly due to baroclinity. Thereafter, increasing interaction with the same upper-level trough to the west degraded Henri's circulation. It opened up into a trough on September 11; the remnants were later absorbed into an extratropical cyclone over the North Atlantic several days later.Todd B. Kimberlain National Hurricane Center 21 October 2015 28 October 2015 Tropical Storm Henri Tropical Cyclone Report http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL082015_Henri.pdf Miami, Florida 24 November 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151124224306/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL082015_Henri.pdf live Tropical Depression Nine Atl 09L 2015-09-16 Suomi NPP.jpg 09L 2015 path.png September 16 September 19 30 1006 On September 10, a strong tropical wave emerged off the western coast of Africa. Passing south of Cape Verde, its interaction with a convectively coupled Kelvin wave resulted in increased convection and the formation of an area of low pressure. After further organization, the wave acquired sufficient organization to be declared a tropical depression by 12:00 UTC on September 16 while located within the central Atlantic. Unfavorable upper-level winds caused the appearance of the cyclone to become disheveled almost immediately after formation, and despite sporadic bursts of convection atop the storm's center, the depression dissipated at 18:00 UTC on September 19 without ever attaining tropical storm intensity.Daniel P. Brown Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Depression Nine http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL092015_Nine.pdf National Hurricane Center 16 November 2015 2 December 2015 Miami, Florida 3 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151203152717/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL092015_Nine.pdf live Tropical Storm Ida Atl Ida 2015-09-21 1720Z.jpg Ida 2015 path.png September 18 September 27 45 1001 A tropical wave emerged into the Atlantic from the west coast of Africa on September 13. The wave later interacted with a Kelvin wave, the latter of which contributed to the formation of Tropical Depression Nine. Moving westward with a large area of convection, the tropical wave and the Kelvin wave developed into a well-defined low-pressure area around midday on September 15, according to satellite imagery. However, disorganization prevented its classification as a tropical depression until 06:00 UTC on September 18, while located about 750 mi km on south of the southernmost Cape Verde Islands. The depression moved west-northwestward due to a subtropical ridge to the north and intensified into Tropical Storm Ida early the following day. Westerly wind shear exposed the storm's low-level circulation, causing Ida to strengthen only slightly.John P. Cangialosi Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Ida http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL102015_Ida.pdf National Hurricane Center 16 November 2015 3 December 2015 Miami, Florida 8 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151208062801/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL102015_Ida.pdf live Wind shear briefly decreased, allowing the cyclone to peak with winds of 50 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum pressure of 1001 mbar inHg on at 12:00 UTC on September 21. However, shear increased later that day, causing slow weakening. Ida then decelerated and began moving in a general eastward direction on September 22 after becoming embedded in the flow associated with a mid- to upper-level trough. Early on September 24, the storm weakened to a tropical depression. During the following day, the trough was replaced with a subtropical ridge, causing Ida to turn northwestward and then west-northwestward on September 26. After shear and dry air caused much of the convection to diminish, Ida degenerated into a remnant low around 12:00 UTC on September 27 while situated about 1,000 mi km on east-northeast of Barbuda. Hurricane Joaquin Atl Joaquin 2015-10-03 1437Z.png Joaquin 2015 path.png September 28 October 8 135 931 Hurricane Joaquin A non-tropical low developed into a tropical depression on September 28 about 405 mi km on 5 southwest of Bermuda, based on the improved circulation on satellite imagery and deep convection forming near the center.Robbie J. Berg Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Joaquin http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL112015_Joaquin.pdf National Hurricane Center 16 November 2015 8 March 2016 Miami, Florida 4 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304123651/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL112015_Joaquin.pdf liveTodd B. Kimberlain 28 September 2015 Tropical Depression Eleven Discussion Number 1 National Hurricane Center 3 December 2015 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al11/al112015.discus.001.shtml? Miami, Florida 5 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151205203718/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al11/al112015.discus.001.shtml? live The storm initially moved slowly southwestward due to a blocking ridge of high pressure to the north. Although wind shear increased slightly, Joaquin tracked over ocean temperatures of 86 F C on, allowing the cloud pattern to become better organized.Richard J. Pasch 29 September 2015 Tropical Storm Joaquin Discussion Number 8 National Hurricane Center 3 December 2015 http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al11/al112015.discus.008.shtml? Miami, Florida 3 November 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151103045450/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al11/al112015.discus.008.shtml? live On September 30, the storm intensified into a hurricane. Joaquin then rapidly deepened, becoming a Category 4 hurricane late on October 1. Joaquin later weakened as it passed through the Bahamas, but reintensified to a Category 4 hurricane while recurving northeastward. On October 3, maximum sustained winds peaked at 155 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum barometric pressure of 931 mbar inHg on. Thereafter, Joaquin began to rapidly weaken as it approached Bermuda. The cyclone then turned eastward and maintained hurricane status until October 7. By the following day, Joaquin became extratropical about 445 mi km on 5 west-northwest of Corvo Island in the Azores. The remnants later struck Portugal, before dissipating over the Gulf of Cádiz on October 15. Battering the Bahamas's southern islands for over two days, Joaquin caused extensive devastation, especially on Acklins, Crooked Island, Long Island, Rum Cay, and San Salvador Island. Severe storm surge inundated many communities, trapping hundreds of people in their homes; flooding persisted for days after the hurricane's departure.The Bahamas Weekly 1 October 2015 1 October 2015 Prime Minister Christie to Address The Nation with NEMA at Press Briefing Today http://www.thebahamasweekly.com/publish/bis-news-updates/Prime_Minister_Christie_to_Address_The_Nation_with_NEMA_at_Press_Briefing_Today44235.shtml 3 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151003205106/http://www.thebahamasweekly.com/publish/bis-news-updates/Prime_Minister_Christie_to_Address_The_Nation_with_NEMA_at_Press_Briefing_Today44235.shtml livehttp://www.weather.com/safety/hurricane/news/hurricane-joaquin-bahamas-impacts Hurricane Joaquin's Bahamas Impacts: More Than 500 Residents Trapped in Their Homes, Excessive Power Outages The Weather Channel Associated Press Sean Breslin 1 October 2015 2 October 2015 1 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151001095445/http://www.weather.com/safety/hurricane/news/hurricane-joaquin-bahamas-impacts live Prolonged, intense winds brought down trees and powerlines, and unroofed homes throughout the affected region. As airstrips were submerged and heavily damaged, relief workers were limited in their ability to quickly help affected residents.Hurricane Joaquin - Situation Report #4 as of 8:00 pm on October 4th, 2015 4 October 2015 Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency 5 October 2015 http://www.cdema.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1517:hurricane-joaquin-situation-report-3-as-of-800-pm-on-october-4th-2015&catid=39:situation-reports&Itemid=347 6 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151006071237/http://www.cdema.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1517:hurricane-joaquin-situation-report-3-as-of-800-pm-on-october-4th-2015&catid=39:situation-reports&Itemid=347 live Damage in the Bahamas totaled about $200 million.Government of the Bahamas PM Christie: Hurricanes Matthew and Joaquin Losses Estimated in Hundreds of Millions 20 October 2016 Relief Web 29 October 2016 http://reliefweb.int/report/bahamas/pm-christie-hurricanes-matthew-and-joaquin-losses-estimated-hundreds-millions 30 October 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20161030080336/http://reliefweb.int/report/bahamas/pm-christie-hurricanes-matthew-and-joaquin-losses-estimated-hundreds-millions liveGovernment of the Bahamas Review of the Past Hurricane Season 5 April 2016 The Tribune 6 April 2016 https://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/linkedfiles/HC_38Doc.3.2.7-Bahamas-_en.docx 17 April 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160417061314/https://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/linkedfiles/HC_38Doc.3.2.7-Bahamas-_en.docx live Offshore, the American cargo ship El Faro and her 33 crew members were lost to the hurricane. Coastal flooding also impacted the Turks and Caicos, washing out roadways, compromising seawalls, and damaging homes. Strong winds and heavy rainfall caused some property damage in eastern Cuba. One fisherman died when heavy seas capsized a small boat along the coast of Haiti. Storm tides resulted in severe flooding in several of Haiti's departments, forcing families from their homes and destroying crops.Hurricane Joaquin - Situation Report #7 as of 3:30 pm on October 9th 2015 9 October 2015 Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency 3 December 2015 http://www.cdema.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1524:hurricane-joaquin-situation-report-7-as-of-330-pm-on-october-9th-2015&catid=39:situation-reports&Itemid=347 8 December 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151208063524/http://www.cdema.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1524:hurricane-joaquin-situation-report-7-as-of-330-pm-on-october-9th-2015&catid=39:situation-reports&Itemid=347 live Joaquin also posed a threat to parts of the East Coast of the United States. State of emergencies were declared in Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia,Darcy Spencer WRC-TV NBCUniversal 30 September 2015 1 October 2015 Hurricane Joaquin: Virginia Declares State of Emergency http://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/Watching-Joaquin-Hurricane-Could-Threaten-East-Coast-330103561.html 2 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151002053836/http://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/Watching-Joaquin-Hurricane-Could-Threaten-East-Coast-330103561.html live WPVI-TV American Broadcasting Company 1 October 2015 1 October 2015 Christie Declares State of Emergency in New Jersey Ahead of Hurricane Joaquin http://6abc.com/weather/christie-declares-state-of-emergency-in-nj-ahead-of-joaquin/1011405/ Trenton, New Jersey 3 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151003051800/http://6abc.com/weather/christie-declares-state-of-emergency-in-nj-ahead-of-joaquin/1011405/ live WMAR-TV American Broadcasting Company 1 October 2015 1 October 2015 Md. declares state of emergency in 'abundance of caution' ahead of Hurricane Joaquin http://www.abc2news.com/news/breaking-news/gov-hogan-to-declare-state-of-emergency-for-maryland https://web.archive.org/web/20151002082249/http://www.abc2news.com/news/breaking-news/gov-hogan-to-declare-state-of-emergency-for-maryland 2 October 2015 dead Joe Marusak Cleve R. Wooston Jr. David Perlmutt Charlotte Observer 1 October 2015 1 October 2015 McCrory declares state of emergency for N.C. as Joaquin continues to intensify https://www.charlotteobserver.com/news/local/article37171893.html 2 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151002104940/http://www.charlotteobserver.com/news/local/article37171893.html live WHNS Meredith Corporation 1 October 2015 29 September 2021 Gov. Haley declares state of emergency for South Carolina http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/30167075/gov-haley-declares-state-of-emergency-for-south-carolina Columbia, South Carolina https://web.archive.org/web/20151003165728/http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/30167075/gov-haley-declares-state-of-emergency-for-south-carolina 3 October 2015 as well as a mandatory evacuation from Ocracoke, North Carolina.WNCT-TV Media General 1 October 2015 1 October 2015 Mandatory evacuation declared for Ocracoke Island http://wnct.com/2015/10/01/mandatory-evacuation-declared-for-ocracoke-island/ Sqan Quarter, North Carolina 2 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151002071414/http://wnct.com/2015/10/01/mandatory-evacuation-declared-for-ocracoke-island/ dead Joaquin ultimately curved northeast and caused little direct impact in the United States, but another large storm system over the southeastern states drew tremendous moisture from the hurricane, resulting in catastrophic flooding in South Carolina. The storm brought strong winds to Bermuda that cut power to 15,000 customers.Jonathan Bell West End bears the brunt of Joaquin 6 October 2015 The Royal Gazette 29 September 2021 http://www.royalgazette.com/article/20151006/NEWS/151009800 https://web.archive.org/web/20151007120918/http://www.royalgazette.com/article/20151006/NEWS/151009800 7 October 2015 Damage on Bermuda was minor.Jonathon Bell BF&M: little property damage 5 October 2015 The Royal Gazette 29 September 2021 http://www.royalgazette.com/article/20151005/NEWS/151009833 https://web.archive.org/web/20151006112315/http://www.royalgazette.com/article/20151005/NEWS/151009833 6 October 2015 Hurricane Kate Atl Kate 2015-11-11 1440Z.jpg Kate 2015 path.png November 8 November 11 75 980 Hurricane Kate (2015) On October 30, a poorly defined tropical wave and its associated small area of disturbed weather emerged into the Atlantic from the west coast of Africa. Strong wind shear prevented significant development or organization of deep convection for a few days. However, by November 5, cloudiness and showers increased as the system was approaching the Lesser Antilles. Two days later, the system underwent a rapid increase in convection, and satellite imagery indicated development of a surface circulation. A tropical depression formed just to the north of the Turks and Caicos Islands around 18:00 UTC on November 8. The depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Kate early on November 9. After initially moving northwestward, Kate briefly accelerated northward around the western periphery of a subtropical ridge over the central Atlantic. Thereafter, the cyclone accelerated further and curved northeastward due to the mid-latitude westerlies.Lixion A. Avila Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Kate http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL122015_Kate.pdf National Hurricane Center 4 January 2016 8 March 2016 Miami, Florida 4 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304213222/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL122015_Kate.pdf live After intensification and improvements to convective banding, Kate was upgraded to a Category 1 hurricane at 00:00 UTC on November 11. Twelve hours later, the storm peaked with maximum sustained winds of 85 mph km/h on 5 and a minimum barometric pressure of 980 mbar inHg on. Due to very strong wind shear and decreasing sea surface temperatures, the storm began losing tropical characteristics shortly thereafter. Early on November 12, the system became extratropical about 430 mi km on 5 south-southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland. Late on November 13, the remnants merged with a larger extratropical cyclone. Between November 15 and November 16, the remnants of Kate affected the United Kingdom and Ireland.http://www.weatherscientific.co.uk/2015/11/13/post-tropical-kate-to-bring-flood-risk-gales-this-weekend/ 13 November 2015 Weather Scientific 11 December 2015 Post Tropical Kate to Bring Flood Risk & Gales This Weekend dead https://web.archive.org/web/20151117071144/http://www.weatherscientific.co.uk/2015/11/13/post-tropical-kate-to-bring-flood-risk-gales-this-weekend/ 17 November 2015de http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20151116.gif Surface weather showing Ex-Kate 16 November 2015 The Free University of Berlin Institut für Meteorologie 16 November 2015 4 March 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304204507/http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20151116.gif dead Across Wales, high winds downed trees and heavy rain flooded roadways.Wales Online Media Wales Ltd 16 November 2015 20 November 2015 Flooding and fallen trees block roads in Bridgend County as forecasters warn there's more to come http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/local-news/flooding-fallen-trees-block-roads-10452294 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20151121161453/http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/local-news/flooding-fallen-trees-block-roads-10452294 21 November 2015 Storm names The following list of names was used for named storms that formed in the North Atlantic in 2015.Hurricane names for the 2015 Atlantic season 1 June 2015 https://www.wral.com/story/hurricane-names-for-the-2014-atlantic-season/12543508/ WRAL-TV Raleigh, North Carolina 22 January 2024 23 January 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240123023559/https://www.wral.com/story/hurricane-names-for-the-2014-atlantic-season/12543508/ live This was the same list used in the 2009 season, as no names were retired following that season.Tropical Cyclone Naming History and Retired Names https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames_history.shtml National Hurricane Center Miami, Florida 22 January 2024 27 June 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20120627193026/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames_history.shtml live Even so, a storm was named Joaquin (which had replaced Juan in 2003) for the first and only time in 2015.Dolce Chris Hurricane Joaquin: 5 Things You Should Know About the Storm 30 September 2015 https://www.wunderground.com/article/storms/hurricane/news/hurricane-joaquin-5-things-to-know Weather Underground 22 January 2024 23 January 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240123172336/https://www.wunderground.com/article/storms/hurricane/news/hurricane-joaquin-5-things-to-know live Ana Bill Claudette Danny Erika Fred Grace Henri Ida Joaquin Kate Larry Mindy Nicholas Odette Peter Rose Sam Teresa Victor Wanda Retirement List of retired Atlantic hurricane names On April 25, 2016, at the 38th session of the RA IV hurricane committee, the World Meteorological Organization retired the names Erika and Joaquin from its rotating name lists due to the amount of damage and number of deaths each one caused, and they will not be used again in the North Atlantic basin. They were replaced with Elsa and Julian, respectively, when the list was used again for the 2021 season.Rice Doyle Hurricane names Patricia, Joaquin and Erika retired https://www.usatoday.com/story/weather/2016/04/26/hurricane-names-retired-patricia-joaquin-erika-retired/83546328/ USA Today 22 January 2024 23 January 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240123023559/https://www.usatoday.com/story/weather/2016/04/26/hurricane-names-retired-patricia-joaquin-erika-retired/83546328/ livehttps://www.icams-portal.gov/resources/ofcm/nhop/2021_full_nhop_change_2.pdf 3-8 NOAA Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research Washington, D.C. National Hurricane Operations Plan May 2021 22 January 2024 3 September 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230903151058/https://www.icams-portal.gov/resources/ofcm/nhop/2021_full_nhop_change_2.pdf live Season effects This is a table of all of the storms that formed in the 2015 Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their name, duration, peak classification and intensities, areas affected, damage, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 2015 USD. center 2015 North Atlantic tropical cyclone center storm Ana May 8–11 60 (95) 998 Southeastern United States $20,000 2 storm Bill June 16–18 60 (95) 997 Central America, Yucatán Peninsula, Southern United States, Midwestern United States $100 million 9 storm Claudette July 13–14 50 (85) 1003 East Coast of the United States, Newfoundland None None cat3 Danny August 18–24 125 (205) 960 Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico Minimal None storm Erika August 25–29 50 (85) 1001 Lesser Antilles, Greater Antilles, Florida $511 million 35 cat1 Fred August 30 – September 6 85 (140) 986 West Africa, Cape Verde $2.5 million 9 storm Grace September 5–9 60 (95) 1000 None None None storm Henri September 8–11 50 (85) 1003 None None None depression Nine September 16–19 35 (55) 1006 None None None storm Ida September 18–27 50 (85) 1001 None None None cat4 Joaquin September 28 – October 8 155 (250) 931 Lucayan Archipelago, Greater Antilles, Southeastern United States, Bermuda, Azores, Iberian Peninsula $120 million 34 cat1 Kate November 8–11 85 (140) 980 The Bahamas, Western Europe Minimal None 12 May 8 – November 11 155 (250) 931 $734 million 83 (6) See also Tropical cyclones Tropical cyclones in 2015 Weather of 2015 2015 Pacific hurricane season 2015 Pacific typhoon season 2015 North Indian Ocean cyclone season South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 2014–15, 2015–16 Australian region cyclone seasons: 2014–15, 2015–16 South Pacific cyclone seasons: 2014–15, 2015–16 South Atlantic tropical cyclone Footnotes nb References 30em External links National Hurricane Center Website 2010 Atlantic hurricane 2015 Category:Atlantic hurricane seasons Category:Articles which contain graphical timelines 2015 Atl