1924 in science

none 1924 science 1924 The year 1924 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Astronomy and space exploration thumb|Andromeda Galaxy November 23 – Edwin Hubble announces his discovery that Andromeda, previously believed to be a nebula, is actually another galaxy, and that the Milky Way is only one of many such galaxies in the universe.In The New York Times. Sharov Aleksandr Sergeevich Novikov Igor Dmitrievich Edwin Hubble, the discoverer of the big bang universe https://books.google.com/books?id=ttEwkEdPc70C&pg=PA34 2011-12-31 1993 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-41617-7 34 Formally published December 30 and presented as a paper at the January 1, 1925 meeting of the American Astronomical Society. The Day We Found the Universe Marcia Bartusiak Random House 2010 x–xi https://books.google.com/books?id=7XojzXh4_KEC&q=The+Day+We+Found+the+Universe 9780307276605 The Einstein Tower near Potsdam, Germany, designed by Erich Mendelsohn, becomes operational as an astrophysical observatory. Mount Stromlo Observatory near Canberra, Australia, is established as the Commonwealth Solar Observatory. 1056 Azalea is discovered. Biology The term "ectogenesis" is coined by British scientist J. B. S. Haldane to describe the growth of mammalian embryos in artificial environments.Artificial Wombs Are Coming, but the Controversy Is Already Here https://www.vice.com/en/article/artificial-wombs-are-coming-and-the-controversys-already-here/ Motherboard 4 August 2014 16 November 2014 10.1111/j.1467-8519.1987.tb00006.x 11649763 Ectogenesis: A Reply to Singer and Wells Bioethics 1 1 80–99 1987 James David N. California grizzly bear last sighted. Biochemistry The first inactive tetanus vaccine (tetanus toxoid, TT) is discovered by Gaston Ramon, C. Zoeller and P. Descombey and produced.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Public Health Foundation Washington, D.C. 2011 978-0-01-706609-1 https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/downloads/tetanus.pdf Tetanus 2012-07-07 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention The first scarlet fever vaccine is discovered by George F. Dick and Gladys Dick. History of science and technology December 17 – Dismantling of James Watt's workshop for display in the Science Museum, London, commences.Ben Russell James Watt: making the world anew London Reaktion Books 2014 978-1-78023-375-8 Mathematics Polish mathematicians Stefan Banach and Alfred Tarski publish the Banach–Tarski paradox.Banach Stefan Tarski Alfred Sur la décomposition des ensembles de points en parties respectivement congruentes Fundamenta Mathematicae 6 1924 244–277 http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/fm/fm6/fm6127.pdf 10.4064/fm-6-1-244-277 free German mathematician David Hilbert proposes Hilbert's paradox of the Grand Hotel.George Gamow Gamow George 1947 One Two Three ... Infinity New York Viking Press 17 One Two Three ... Infinity Polish logician Jan Łukasiewicz devises reverse Polish notation.Elementy logiki matematycznej Łukasiewicz Jan Warsaw Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe 1929Aristotle's Syllogistic from the Standpoint of Modern Formal Logic Jan Łukasiewicz 1951 IV. Aristotle's System in Symbolic Form 78Aristotle's Syllogistic from the Standpoint of Modern Formal Logic Łukasiewicz Jan Oxford University Press 1957 2ndCharles Leonard Hamblin Charles Leonard Hamblin 1962-11-01 Translation to and from Polish notation Computer Journal 5 3 210–213Algorithms for RPN Calculators John A. Ball 1978 Wiley Cambridge, Mass. 0-471-03070-8 2RPN Perspective John Kennedy PPC Calculator Journal 9 5 August 1982 26–29 Medicine German physiologist and psychiatrist Hans Berger records the first human electroencephalogram.10.1136/jnnp.74.1.9 Hans Berger (1873-1941), Richard Caton (1842-1926) and electroencephalography 2003 Haas L. F. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 74 9 12486257 1 1738204 Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is first described by Hungarian-American pathologist and physician Eli Moschcowitz.Sukumar Senthil Lämmle Bernhard Cataland Spero R. January 2021 Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management Journal of Clinical Medicine 10 3 536 10.3390/jcm10030536 2077-0383 7867179 33540569 free Johnson & Johnson begin mass producing Band-Aid.2023-09-28 Band-Aid Brand: A History of Innovation https://www.band-aid.com/our-brand/brand-history Paleontology October – The first specimen of Australopithecus africanus, the fossil skull of the "Taung Child", is identified in South Africa.Dart Raymond A. Raymond Dart February 1925 Australopithecus africanus: The Man-Ape of South Africa http://www.nature.com/nature/ancestor/pdf/115195.pdf Nature 115 2884 195–99 10.1038/115195a0 1925Natur.115..195D free Physics S. N. Bose and Albert Einstein publish papers in Zeitschrift für Physik applying Bose–Einstein statistics to light quanta and to atomic models and predicting existence of the Bose–Einstein condensate. E. C. Stoner publishes a paperE. C. Stoner The distribution of electrons among atomic levels Philosophical Magazine 6th ser. 48 286 1924 719–736 10.1080/14786442408634535 pointing out that for a given value of the principal quantum number (n), the number of energy levels of a single electron in the alkali metal spectra in an external magnetic field, where all degenerate energy levels are separated, is equal to the number of electrons in the closed shell of the rare gases for the same value of n. This leads to discovery of the Pauli exclusion principle which Wolfgang Pauli first proposes in a letter at the end of the year. Louis de Broglie introduces the wave-model of atomic structure, based on the ideas of wave–particle duality.Louis de Broglie: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1929 Nobel Lectures, Physics 1922–1941 Elsevier 1965 http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1929/broglie-bio.html 2007-02-28 Technology February 5 – Hourly time signals from Royal Greenwich Observatory are broadcast for the first time. February – John Logie Baird sends rudimentary television pictures over a short distance.Landmark Dates British TV History http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html 2010-10-12 https://web.archive.org/web/20101101204302/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html 1 November 2010 dead Václav Holek designs the ZB vz. 26 light machine gun for Zbrojovka Brno. The earth inductor compass is developed by Morris Titterington at the Pioneer Instrument Company in Brooklyn, New York. Kleenex available to the general public.September 28, 2023 Kleenex Brand Story https://www.kleenex.com/en-us/about-us/our-history Awards Nobel Prizes Physics: Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn Medicine: Willem Einthoven Births February – Li Xintian (died 2019), Chinese neuropsychologist February 21 – Thelma Estrin (died 2014), American computer scientist and biomedical engineer March 2 – Michael Sela (died 2022), Polish-born Israeli immunologist March 11 – Franco Basaglia (died 1980), Italian psychiatrist March 12 – Mary Lee Woods (died 2017), English mathematician and computer programmer March 23 Bjørn G. Andersen (died 2012), Norwegian quaternary geologist and glaciologist (early environmental studies) Olga Kennard (died 2023), English crystallographer May 3 – Isadore Singer (died 2021), American mathematician May 7 – James Learmonth Gowans (died 2020), British immunologist May 11 – Antony Hewish (died 2021), English radioastronomer (Nobel Prize in Physics 1974) June 11 – César Lattes (died 2005), Brazilian experimental physicist (Nobel Prize in Physic, 1950) June 24 – James W. Black (died 2010), Scottish pharmacologist (Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1988) July 8 – Robert M. Chanock (died 2010), American pediatrician and virologist July 15 – David Cox (died 2022), English statistician August 1 – John Clive Ward (died 2000), English-born physicist working in quantum electrodynamics September 10 – Elizabeth Killick (died 2019), English naval electronics engineer September 22 – Laurel van der Wal (died 2009), American aeronautical engineer September 26 – Jean Hoerni (died 1997), Swiss-born microelectronics engineer November 9 – Don Beaven (died 2009), New Zealand medical researcher in the area of diabetes treatment and prevention November 20 – Benoît Mandelbrot (died 2010), Polish-born French American mathematician, originator of fractal geometry December 30 – Yvonne Brill (died 2013), Canadian scientist best known for her work developing rocket and jet propulsion technologies Deaths January 14 – Luther Emmett Holt (born 1855), American pediatrician February 11 – Jacques Loeb (born 1859), German-born physiologist February 27 – Émile Vallin (born 1833), French military physician.fr https://cths.fr/an/savant.php?id=4897# Vallin Émile Arthur L. Vaillard Agathe Floderer Alexandre Wauthier cths.fr Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques 11 February 2021 March 22 – Sir William Macewen (born 1848), Scottish surgeon April 4 – Arnold Pick (born 1851), Czech neurologist April 24 – G. Stanley Hall (born 1844), American psychologist September 24 – Alexandre Lacassagne (born 1843), French forensic scientist October 1 – John Edward Campbell (born 1862), British mathematician December 27 – Agda Meyerson (born 1866), Swedish nurse and healthcare profession activist References Category:20th century in science Category:1920s in science