1962 Algerian independence referendum

Referendum approving independence of French Algeria 1962 Algerian independence referendum Bulletin_de_référendum.jpg A "YES" ballot from the Algerian independence referendum 1 July 1962 Do you want Algeria to become an independent state, co-operating with France under the conditions defined in the declarations of 19 March 1962? French Algeria For Against 5975581 16534 25565 6549736 An independence referendum was held in French Algeria on 1 July 1962. It followed French approval of the Évian Accords in an April referendum. Voters were asked whether Algeria should become an independent state, co-operating with France; 99.72% voted in favour with a voter turnout of 91.88%. Following the referendum, France declared Algeria to be independent on 3 July; the decision was published in the official journal the following day,Declaration recognising Algeria’s independence (Paris, 3 July 1962) https://web.archive.org/web/20200622075233/https://www.cvce.eu/en/obj/declaration_recognising_algeria_s_independence_paris_3_july_1962-en-05d4d86f-da65-4c7e-b4d7-e09999516f68.html 22 June 2020 CVCE and Algerian leaders declared 5 July (the 132nd anniversary of the French arrival in Algiers) to be Independence Day.Background Notes https://web.archive.org/web/20230627234504/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ss8WAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA3 2023-06-27 United States Department of State. Office of Media Services, p3 When Algeria ceased to be part of France it also ceased being part of the European Communities.European revolutionaries and Algerian independence, 1954-1962 Birchall, Ian H. 2012 Socialist Platform Ltd. 9780850366655 813541956 Background The Algerian War was started by members of the National Liberation Front (FLN) with the Toussaint Rouge attacks on 1 November 1954. Conflicts proliferated in France, including the May 1958 Algerian crisis that led to the fall of the Fourth Republic.Calçada Miquel 2012-12-13 Analysis of the Algerian War of Independence or Les Événements: A lost opportunity for peace Journal of Conflictology 3 2 10.7238/joc.v3i2.1552 2013-8857 free French forces used brutal means of attempting to suppress Algerian nationalists, alienating support in metropolitan France and discrediting French prestige abroad.Towers John W. The French in Algeria, 1954-1962 Military Success Failure of Grand Strategy Defense Technical Information Center Fort Belvoir, VA 2002-04-09 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA404412.pdf 2024-05-21 2023-05-06 https://web.archive.org/web/20230506192636/https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA404412.pdf live Casassus Barbara 2018-09-13 France admits role in torture and murder of mathematician during Algerian war Nature 10.1038/d41586-018-06690-w 159570682 0028-0836 In 1960, French President Charles de Gaulle agreed to negotiations with the FLN after major demonstrations in Algiers and other cities. A 1961 referendum on allowing self-determination for Algeria was approved by 75% of voters (including 70% of those voting in Algeria). Negotiations concluded with the signing of the Évian Accords in March 1962, which were approved by 91% of voters in a referendum on 8 April.Armstrong Philip 2014 In Fraternity's Wake: Nancy, Derrida, and Algerian Independence Diacritics en 42 2 60–81 10.1353/dia.2014.0007 153983168 1080-6539 Results The referendum question was phrased: Voulez vous que l'Algérie devienne un État indépendant coopérant avec la France dans les conditions définies par les déclarations du 19 mars 1962 ? In English: "Do you want Algeria to become an independent state, co-operating with France under the conditions defined in the declarations of 19 March 1962?" 5975581 16534 25565 6549736 Direct DemocracyDirect Democracy Aftermath In accordance with the Évian accords (Chapter III.3) Les accords d'Évian http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/afrique/algerie-accords_d%27Evian.htm 1962 L'Algérie concède à bail à la France l'utilisation de la base de Mers El-Kébir pour une période de quinze ans, renouvelable par accord entre les deux pays. 2020-10-04 2020-10-31 https://web.archive.org/web/20201031102111/http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/afrique/algerie-accords_d%27Evian.htm live France was allowed to maintain its Mers El Kébir naval base for fifteen years. However, all forces were withdrawn in 1967. Canadian historian John C. Cairns stated in 1962 that:Cairns, J. C. (1962). Algeria: The Last Ordeal. International Journal, 17(2), 87–97. "In some ways the last year was the worst. Tension had never been higher. Disenchantment in France at least had never been greater. The mindless cruelty of it all had never been more absurd and savage. This last year, stretching from the hopeful spring of 1961 to the cease-fire of March 18, 1962, spanned a season of revolt, shadow-boxing, false threats, capitulation and murderous hysteria. French Algeria died badly. Its agony was marked by panic and brutality as ugly as the record of European imperialism could show. In the spring of 1962 the unhappy corpse of empire still shuddered and lashed out and stained itself in fratricide. The whole episode of its death, measured over at least seven and a half years, constituted perhaps the most pathetic and sordid event in the long twilight of colonialism. It was hard to see that anyone of importance in the tangled conflict came out of it well. Nobody won the conflict, nobody dominated it. It had raged on almost uncontrolled, destroying men and institutions and principles of conduct. No one could win. It was simply agreed between the two principal parties to the struggle that the war should end. The myth of Algeria as an integral part of France collapsed. The myth of an Algerian nation was left in the ruins of empire to be made concrete." References Algeria Category:Referendums in Algeria Independence Algeria Category:Referendums related to the European Union Category:Withdrawal from the European Union Category:Referendums in Overseas France Algeria Category:1962 in the Algerian War Category:Aftermath of the Algerian War Algeria Algeria