1861 Italian general election

none Kingdom of Italy legislative 1865 Italian general election 1865 All 443 seats in the Chamber of Deputies 222 27 January 1861 (first round)3 February 1861 (second round) 130x130px Camillo Benso Cavour di Ciseri.jpg Camillo Benso di Cavour Historical Right 342 Urbano Rattazzi-lookingleft.jpg Urbano Rattazzi Historical Left 62 Giuseppe Mazzini.jpg Giuseppe Mazzini Historical Far Left 14 1865 Italian general election map.svg Constituencies used for the elections Prime Minister Elected Prime Minister None Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour Historical Right General elections were held in Italy on 27 January 1861, with a second round on 3 February.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p. 1047 978-3-8329-5609-7 The newly elected Parliament first convened in Turin on 4 March 1861, where, thirteen days later, it declared the unification of the country as the Kingdom of Italy.Nohlen & Stöver, p. 1027 The elections were carried out according to the 1848 electoral law of the Kingdom of Sardinia, in which only literate men over the age of 25 and paying a certain level of taxation were allowed to vote. Candidates were elected in single member constituencies, with a second round required in cases when no candidates received over 50% of the vote or the equivalent of one-third of the registered voters in the constituency.Nohlen & Stöver, p. 1039 Pope Pius IX demanded that Catholics did not take part in the elections. Campaign The Historical Right was led by the former Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia, Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, a long-time statesman and a leading figure in the movement toward Italian unification. On the other hand, the bloc of the Historical Left was led by Urbano Rattazzi, a liberal politician who was among the founders of the Italian left-wing parliamentary group. In opposition to the two main blocs there were a third party known as The Extreme, a far-left coalition, under the leadership of Giuseppe Mazzini, an Italian revolutionary and a key figure of the Unification. Only 418,696 men of a total population of around 22 million were entitled to vote.Nohlen & Stöver, p. 1049 Parties and leaders PartyIdeologyLeaderHistorical RightConservatismCamillo Benso di CavourHistorical LeftLiberalismUrbano RattazziHistorical Far LeftRadicalismGiuseppe Mazzini Results thumb|right|Composition of the Chamber of Deputies in 1861 Right-wing candidates emerged as the largest bloc in Parliament with around 43% of the 443 seats.Nohlen & Stöver, p. 1082 They were largely aristocrats representing rentiers from the north of the country, and held moderate political views including loyalty to the crown and low government spending.Nohlen & Stöver, p. 1028 The right-wing leader Camillo Benso di Cavour was elected as the first Prime Minister in the history of Italy. Seats Historical Right 342 Historical Left 62 Historical Far Left 14 Others 25 239583 418696 Nohlen & Stöver References Category:General elections in Italy General Italy Italy