2002 Commonwealth Games

Multi-sport event in Manchester, England June 2026 November 2020 XVII Commonwealth Games 2002 Commonwealth Games logo.svg 175 Manchester, England 72The four Home Nations of the United Kingdom – England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland – send separate teams to the Commonwealth Games, as do the three Crown dependencies – Jersey, the Isle of Man and Guernsey – and 9 of the 14 British Overseas Territories. The Cook Islands and Niue, non-sovereign territories in free association with New Zealand, and Norfolk Island, an external territory of Australia, also compete separately. There are thus 53 members of the Commonwealth of Nations, but 72 competing teams at the Commonwealth Games. 3,863 281 in 17 sports 25 July 2002 4 August 2002 Elizabeth II Elizabeth II The Spirit of Friendshiphttp://m2002.thecgf.com/Home/Festival/default.asp Spirit of Friendship Festival Manchester 2002 Ltd Summer 2002 2 May 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20080530184449/http://m2002.thecgf.com/Home/Festival/default.asp 30 May 2008 live Where My Heart Will Take Me by Russell Watson James Hickman David Beckham andKirsty Howard City of Manchester Stadium XVI XVIII The 2002 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XVII Commonwealth Games and commonly known as Manchester 2002, were an international multi-sport event for the members of the Commonwealth held in Manchester, England, from 25 July to 4 August 2002. According to planning, this event was to be held in a country in the United Kingdom as part of the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II, head of the Commonwealth. England was the only bidder for the event and, in an internal process, Manchester was selected for the 2002 Games ahead of London. The Manchester bid used projects which were part of the failed bid for the 2000 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, which were awarded to Sydney, Australia.Commonwealth Games: Manchester celebrates capital conquest: London loses out to Olympic rival in fight for the right to present England's bid Rowbottom Mike https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/commonwealth-games-manchester-celebrates-capital-conquest-london-loses-out-to-olympic-rival-in-fight-for-the-right-to-present-englands-bid-1391745.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/commonwealth-games-manchester-celebrates-capital-conquest-london-loses-out-to-olympic-rival-in-fight-for-the-right-to-present-englands-bid-1391745.html 1 May 2022 subscription The Independent 3 February 1994 20 July 2012 The 2002 Commonwealth Games was, prior to the 2012 Summer Olympics, the largest multi-sport event ever to be held in the UK, eclipsing the London 1948 Summer Olympics in terms of teams and athletes participating.City of Manchester Stadium: The Wembley rescuers Hubbard Alan https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/city-of-manchester-stadium-the-wembley-rescuers-1132001.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/city-of-manchester-stadium-the-wembley-rescuers-1132001.html 1 May 2022 subscription live The Independent 12 December 1999 12 July 2012http://research.northumbria.ac.uk/urbanfutures/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Cook-and-Ward-2011-Transurban-networks-of-learning-Manchester-Urban-Studies.pdf Cook, I. R. and Ward, K. (2011) Trans-urban networks of learning, mega-events and policy tourism: The case of Manchester's Commonwealth and Olympic Games projects, Urban Studies 48 (12), 2519–2535 6 April 2012 18 May 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140518103255/http://research.northumbria.ac.uk/urbanfutures/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Cook-and-Ward-2011-Transurban-networks-of-learning-Manchester-Urban-Studies.pdf dead The 2002 Commonwealth Games had the largest number of events of any Commonwealth Games in history, featuring 281 events across 17 sports. The event was considered a success for the host city, providing an opportunity to display how Manchester reeinvented itself as city, following the 1996 IRA bombing.Golden future for Games city https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2144426.stm BBC News 23 July 2002 9 June 2012 David Schaffer The Games formed the main catalyst for the widespread regeneration and heavy development of Manchester and bolstered its reputation as a European and global city internationally. Rapid economic development and continued urban regeneration of the now post-industrial Manchester continued after the Games, which helped cement its place as one of the principal cultural cities in the United Kingdom.Manchester's boom shows what can be achieved when councils work together https://www.theguardian.com/local-government-network/2013/oct/15/manchester-private-sector-growth-jobs-expansion The Guardian 15 October 2013 2014-07-27 The opening and closing ceremonies, the athletics, and the rugby sevens events were held at the City of Manchester Stadium, which was purpose-built for the Games. Unusually for a Commonwealth Games, the only sport that was held outside the host city was shooting, which was held in the National Shooting Centre in Bisley, Surrey, some 200 mi km 0 from Manchester. Seventy-two associations competed in 14 individual sports and 3 team sports events. Sporting legacy includes the British Cycling team, which inherited the Manchester Velodrome and went on to win eight gold medals at the 2008 Olympics and another eight gold medals at the 2012 Olympics, partly attributed to the availability of the velodrome. The stadium was leased long-term to Manchester City F.C., which saw a conversion to a football-specific stadium, and as a result, they have since found themselves in a desirable investment opportunity in the age of foreign football investment. The club was taken over by the Abu Dhabi United Group led by Sheikh Mansour in 2008, a takeover that would have been far less certain without the stadium.Sheikh Mansour needs his money to be spent on flair not caution https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2010/nov/11/manchester-city-sheikh-mansour The Guardian 11 November 2010 4 September 2011 Paul HaywardAbu Dhabi empire building reaches east Manchester https://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/oct/08/premierleague.manchestercity The Guardian 8 October 2008 4 September 2011 David Conn The Games were a formative moment for Manchester and Britain, with then-IOC president Jacques Rogge viewing the games as an important litmus test as to whether Britain could host the Summer Olympics.Rogge rules out joint Olympic bid https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/front_page/newsid_2142000/2142039.stm BBC News 3 August 2002 2014-07-23Rogge rules out joint Olympic bid https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/front_page/newsid_2142000/2142039.stm BBC News 23 July 2014 2014-07-23 The success of the Games quickly encouraged some speculation of a city bid for the Olympics, but London bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, with London going on to win the bid on 6 July 2005 and the Games were successfully staged seven years later.Can Britain stage the Olympics? https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/sports_talk/newsid_2173000/2173240.stm BBC News 5 August 2002 9 June 2012 Host city selection thumb|Manchester was selected by the Commonwealth Games Council of England as the official bid city from England for the 2002 Commonwealth Games. When England decided to bid for the 2002 Commonwealth Games, three English cities – London, Manchester and Sheffield – showed interest in hosting the Games. The Commonwealth Games Council of England (CGCE) had to choose one city to put forward to the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF). London had hosted the 1934 Commonwealth Games, as well as the 1908 and 1948 Summer Olympics, while Sheffield had hosted the 1991 Summer Universiade. Manchester had unsuccessfully bid for the 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics, and Bob Scott, chairman of the Olympic bid committees, led the bid for another big event.https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/commonwealth-games-manchester-plans-bid-1503597.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/commonwealth-games-manchester-plans-bid-1503597.html 1 May 2022 subscription Commonwealth Games: Manchester plans bid 1993-11-11 The Independent en 2020-01-21 Sheffield withdrew from the bidding process when the city was unable to come to agreement over financial guarantees.https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/general/the-lost-sporting-city-of-sheffield-283712.html https://web.archive.org/web/20201110142335/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/general/the-lost-sporting-city-of-sheffield-283712.html dead 10 November 2020 The lost sporting city of Sheffield 2000-03-26 The Independent en 2020-01-22 This left the 24 members of the CGCE to choose between Manchester and London, with Manchester winning 17–7.1994-02-03 Manchester Games bid off the blocks https://www.scmp.com/article/61785/manchester-games-bid-blocks 2023-05-20 South China Morning Post en Cities from no other countries submitted bids and so Manchester was announced as the host city of the 2002 Games on 6 November 1995.https://www.lgcplus.com/archive/manchester-wins-commonwealth-games-bid-06-11-1995/ MANCHESTER WINS COMMONWEALTH GAMES BID 1995-11-06 Local Government Chronicle (LGC) en 2020-01-21 +2002 Commonwealth Games bidding resultsCityNationVotesManchesterEnglandUnanimous Preparation and development Venues Source:https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0005302/20020102/249/0029 What's on in England's biggest sporting event for more than half a century Fleetwood Weekly New 29 2 January 2002 British Newspaper Archive subscription 7 March 2026 alt=|thumb|The City of Manchester Stadium hosted Athletics and Rugby Sevens events thumb|Manchester Aquatics Centre hosted Diving and Swimming events|left thumb|The Manchester Arena hosted the boxing and netball events|left thumb|Manchester Velodrome hosted the track cycling programme left|thumb|Manchester Central Convention Complex hosted gymnastics, judo, weightlifting and wrestling thumb|Bolton Arena hosted badminton The Games' main venue was the City of Manchester Stadium (now Etihad Stadium), which hosted all athletics events, rugby sevens and the opening and closing ceremonies. The stadium was a smaller and downscaled version of that proposed during Manchester's bid for the 2000 Summer Olympics. Construction started in January 2000,http://www.cae.org.uk/casemanchester.html City of Manchester Stadium Centre for Accessible Environments https://web.archive.org/web/20060719215927/http://www.cae.org.uk/casemanchester.html 19 July 2006 dead 22 July 2006 and was completed shortly before the Games. The cost was approximately £110 million, £77 million of which was provided by Sport England, with the remainder funded by Manchester City Council.http://www.gameslegacy.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi/30 City of Manchester Stadium Commonwealth Games Legacy https://web.archive.org/web/20070103144802/http://www.gameslegacy.com/cgi-bin/index.cgi/30 3 January 2007 dead 27 August 2006 For the Commonwealth Games the stadium featured a single lower tier running around three sides of the athletics track, and second tiers to the two sides, with an open-air temporary stand at one end, giving an overall capacity of 41,000.https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/home/a-question-of-sport/175036.article a question of sport Taylor David 16 May 2002 The Architects Journal 11 June 2012 The stadium formed the centrepiece of an area known as Sportcity. Other venues in Sportcity include the Manchester Velodrome, which hosted cycling, and the £3.5 million National Squash Centre, which was built specifically for the Games.https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2005/09/21/national_squash_centre_venue_feature.shtml National Squash Centre BBC 2 May 2008 Swimming and diving events took place at Manchester Aquatics Centre, another purpose-built venue, and until 2012, was the only venue of its kind in the United Kingdom with two 50 metre pools.https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/spl/venue_guide/html/aquatics_ctr.stm Venue Guide: Manchester Aquatics Centre BBC 2 May 2008 The Manchester Arena built in 1994, at the time was the largest arena in Europe hosted netball finals and boxing preliminaries.https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/spl/venue_guide/html/man_arena.stm Venue Guide: Manchester Evening News Arena 23 July 2014 BBC Sport 2014-07-23 The shooting events were held at the National Shooting Centre (NSC), Bisley (located in Surrey). The NSC saw major redevelopment of all its ranges in order to host the fullbore rifle, smallbore rifle, pistol and clay target events. Athletes' village The athletes' village of the event was located in the residential area of the University of Manchester Fallowfield Campus, in an area of 30 acres, being built specifically for the event and after the event, the buildings were donated to the university and turned an expansion of the housing complex.http://m2002.thecgf.com/The_Games/Village/default.asp Athlete's Village m2002.thecgf.com Queen's jubilee baton relay thumb|The Queen's Baton Relay passes through Wolverhampton before the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester. The 2002 Queen's Jubilee Baton Relay, the continuation of a tradition that started with the 1958 Games, consisted of the relay of an electronic baton, containing a personal message from Elizabeth II across 23 Commonwealth nations. The relay culminated in the arrival of the baton at the City of Manchester Stadium, opening the Games. The speech was then removed electronically from the baton, and read by Her Majesty to open the Games.Southport Reporter. https://www.southportreporter.com/43/southportreporter43-main.shtml 2022-11-28 www.southportreporter.com The 2002 Baton itself was designed by a company called IDEO, and was constructed of machined aluminium, with the handle plated for conductivity. It weighed 1.69 kg, reached over 710 mm, and was 42.5 mm to 85 mm in diameter. The Queen's message itself was held in an aluminium capsule inserted into the top of the Baton. On either side of the Baton were two sterling silver coins, designed by Mappin and Webb, which celebrated the City of Manchester as host of the XVII Commonwealth Games. The Baton was also equipped with sensors that detected and monitored the Runner's pulse rate. This information was then conveyed to a series of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), via a light behaviour module. The lens then transformed the LEDs into a shaft of bright blue pulsating light which synchronised with each new Runner. The hearts of the Runner and the Baton then beat as one until it was passed on, symbolising the journey of humanity and the essence of life. The Queen's Jubilee Baton Relay passed through over 500 cities, towns and villages across the UK and the Baton was carried by 5,000 individuals, with each Runner carrying the Baton up to 500 yards, however on Saturday 15 June, the baton was snatched from a runners hand in the town of Connah's Quay, Deeside in North Wales. The UK Baton Runners were made up of people from all walks of life, including athletes, celebrities and local heroes from all over the country. Around 2,500 Jubilee Runners were nominated by the community to carry the Baton because they made a special contribution to their community or achieved a personal goal against the odds. The judging of the Jubilee Runners was conducted by a panel of judges under the supervision of The Duke of Edinburgh's Award in January 2002. The relay was sponsored by Cadbury-Schweppes, a major UK confectionery and soft drinks manufacturer. Budget The cost of hosting the 2002 Commonwealth Games was estimated at £300 million.https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/general/others/commonwealth-games-corruption-chaos-amp-a-race-to-avert-a-crisis-2057234.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/general/others/commonwealth-games-corruption-chaos-amp-a-race-to-avert-a-crisis-2057234.html 1 May 2022 subscription live Commonwealth Games: Corruption, chaos & a race to avert a crisis 20 August 2010 The Independent 25 July 2012 Prior to the Games, a £100 million was required to fill a financial black hole and the government agreed to provide the funding required,https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/jul/02/sport.peterhetherington?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487 Manchester gets £100m lifeline to fund games Hetherington Peter 2 July 2001 The Guardian 25 July 2012 despite some believing that £300 million was too much.https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2001/jul/25/commonwealthgames2002.commonwealthgames Why Manchester may rue the day it won the Commonwealth Games Chaudhary Vivek 25 July 2001 The Guardian 25 July 2012 Cultureshock and Festival Live Cultureshock at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Cultureshock was the Commonwealth Games Cultural Programme which ran alongside the Games themselves. The events ranged from images of the athlete as hero in sculpture and photography (Go! Freeze, which ran at Turton Tower in Bolton) to a Zulu performance at The Lowry. There was an exhibition at the Whitworth Art Gallery called Tales of Power: West African Textiles, and a performance of the film Monsoon Wedding at Clwyd Theatr Cymru. The geographical range was from Cheshire in the south to Blackburn and Cumbria in the north, and included that year the various Melas that take place around the region. Cultureshock also ensured that a wide range of cultural events and acts reached the "man on the street", with the city centre of Manchester filled with bands, performers, and artists of various forms entertaining the thousands of visitors to the Games. It also coincided with the BBC's 2002 Festival Live series of open-air concerts and celebrations around the country, held to celebrate the Queen's Golden Jubilee. Many of the cultural events were covered by the BBC 2002 radio station covering the games. Opening ceremony thumb|Opening Ceremony The project & artistic director for the opening ceremony was David Zolkwer. Five-time Olympic champion Sir Steve Redgrave opened the two-and-a-quarter-hour opening ceremony by banging a large drum, which initiated a co-ordinated dance and fireworks act. The champion rower was joined on the stage by sporting stars including yachtswoman Ellen MacArthur, heptathlete Denise Lewis, long-distance runner Moses Kiptanui, swimmer Susie O'Neill and sprinter Donovan Bailey. The Grenadier Guards shared the arena with pop band S Club and Salford-born opera singer Russell Watson sang the Games' theme, "Faith of the Heart", while the arrival of HM The Queen was greeted with a flypast by the Red Arrows. England football captain David Beckham helped chaperone Queen's Baton final runner Kirsty Howard, assisting the terminally ill six-year-old to hand the baton to The Queen. A 4,000-strong cast took part in the £12 million spectacular, which in theme and tone consisted of a mix of "pomp and pop", combining the ceremonial aspects of the Games with a party-style atmosphere, based on Manchester's reputation as the party city of "Madchester".https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/2002-commonwealth-games-opening-ceremony-7417848 WATCH: Relive the 2002 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony in full Swettenham Lee 2014-07-15 men 2020-01-11 The ceremony was voiced by broadcaster Anthony Davis. thumb|Athletes Parade at the Opening Ceremony The traditional athletes' parade was led by previous hosts Malaysia, and England brought up the rear before The Queen, as the Head of the Commonwealth, declared the Games open: "All of us participating in this ceremony tonight, whether athletes or spectators, or those watching on television around the world, can share in the ideals of this unique association of nations," "We can all draw inspiration from what the Commonwealth stands for, our diversity as a source of strength, our tradition of tolerance ... our focus on young people, for they are our future." "It is my pleasure in this my Golden Jubilee Year to declare the 17th Commonwealth Games open."https://www.royal.uk/opening-ceremony-17th-commonwealth-games-manchester-25-july-2002 Opening ceremony of the 17th Commonwealth Games, Manchester, 25 July 2002 Ciara.Berry 2002-07-25 The Royal Family en 2020-01-11 Closing ceremony The project & artistic director for the closing ceremony was also a project from David Zolkwer. The Queen ended 11 days of competition at a rain-drenched closing ceremony in the City of Manchester Stadium. She declared the games closed in front of a sell-out crowd gathered in the stadium. She also called on the athletes to assemble again in four years in Melbourne and to continue displaying the "friendship" they had shown in Manchester. The ceremony, attended by Prime Minister Tony Blair and several other dignitaries, took place in pouring rain and, like the opening ceremony, mixed "pomp with pop". Australian Ian Thorpe, the star of the Games with his six swimming golds, carried his national flag into the arena, along with athletes from each of the other competing countries. Around balloons were released into the rainy Manchester sky as the ceremony concluded with a spectacular fireworks display. Closing ceremony highlights included:https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/front_page/newsid_2170000/2170044.stm Manchester games hailed a success 3 August 2002 2 May 2008 BBC Sport http Children covering themselves with red, blue and white paint to portray a giant British flag before unveiling a giant portrait of The Queen as a Golden Jubilee gift. The athletes bringing their national flags into the stadium. South African swimmer Natalie du Toit being honoured as the outstanding athlete of the Games.https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/swimming/newsid_2172000/2172596.stm Du Toit voted top athlete Anon 4 August 2002 BBC Sport 6 October 2010 BBC The symbolic handover of the Commonwealth Games Ceremonial Flag to Melbourne, host city for the 2006 Games. A spectacular presentation with over lanterns, which ended with the message 'Seek Peace' lit up in vast letters on the floor of the arena. Coronation Street stars Steve Arnold and Tracy Shaw (who played characters Ashley and Maxine Peacock) arriving in one of 40 Morris Minors, which became the centre of a song-and-dance showpiece. Hip-hop DJ Grandmaster Flash encouraging the massed ranks to "make some noise" as athletes and volunteers poured into the arena to music from the likes of Will Young, Dave Stewart, Heather Small, Jimmy Cliff, Beverley Knight and Toploader. During the handover to Melbourne, Vanessa Amorosi sang her signature tune, Shine and a new song called "I'll always be a Melbourne girl". However, during this segment the rain began to intensify and thicken. Participating teams There were 73 participating countries, territories and Commonwealth regions at the 2002 Commonwealth Games. The 2002 Games marked the last time Zimbabwe has participated to date, as the country formally withdrew from the Commonwealth of Nations the following year.January 2004 Editorial: CHOGM 2003, Abuja, Nigeria The Round Table 93 373 3–6 10.1080/0035853042000188139 219624427 thumb|500x500px|Nations competed at the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester|alt=|center Participating Commonwealth Countries & Territories18em Anguilla at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Antigua and Barbuda at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Australia at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Bahamas at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Bangladesh at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Barbados at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Belize at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Bermuda at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Botswana at the 2002 Commonwealth Games British Virgin Islands at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Brunei at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Cameroon at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Canada at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Cayman Islands at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Cook Islands at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Cyprus at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Dominica at the 2002 Commonwealth Games England at the 2002 Commonwealth Games (host) Falkland Islands at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Fiji at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Gambia at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Ghana at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Gibraltar at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Grenada at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Guernsey at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Guyana at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Hong Kong, China at the 2002 Commonwealth Games India at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Isle of Man at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Jamaica at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Jersey at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Kenya at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Kiribati at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Lesotho at the 2002 Commonwealth Games 1987 Malawi 1964 at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Malaysia at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Maldives at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Malta at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Mauritius at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Montserrat at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Mozambique at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Namibia at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Nauru at the 2002 Commonwealth Games New Zealand at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Nigeria at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Niue at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Norfolk Island at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Northern Ireland at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Pakistan at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Papua New Guinea at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Saint Helena at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Saint Kitts and Nevis at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Saint Lucia at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Saint Vincent and the Grenadines at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Samoa at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Scotland at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Seychelles at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Sierra Leone at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Singapore at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Solomon Islands at the 2002 Commonwealth Games South Africa at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Sri Lanka at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Swaziland at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Tanzania at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Tonga at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Trinidad and Tobago at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Turks and Caicos Islands at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Tuvalu at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Uganda at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Vanuatu at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Wales at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Zambia at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Zimbabwe at the 2002 Commonwealth Games Calendar OCOpening ceremony●Event competitions1Gold medal eventsCCClosing ceremony July/August 2002JulyAugustEvents25thThu26thFri27thSat28thSun29thMon30thTue31stWed1stThu2ndFri3rdSat4thSunCeremoniesOC CC 20px|alt=|link= Athletics | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Women's Hammer Throw, Men's 10000 m 2 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Men's 3000 m Steeplechase, Discus throw, 100m, Women's 100 m, Heptathlon 5 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |12 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |9 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |7 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |13 | | | |4820px|alt=|link= Badminton | |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |1 |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |5620px|alt=|link= Boxing | |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |12 |1220px|alt=|link= Cycling | | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Time trial (men, women) 2 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |1000m time trial men, 500m time trial women 2 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|style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Women 1 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Men 1220px|alt=|link= Judo | | | | | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Men's (60 kg, 66 kg), Women's (48 kg, 52 kg) 4 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Men's (90 kg, 81 kg, 73 kg), Women's (57 kg, 63 kg) 5 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Men's (100 kg, +100 kg), Women's (70 kg, 78 kg, +78 kg) 5 | | |1420px|alt=|link= Lawn bowls | | | | | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Women's (four) 1 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Men's (four) 1 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Men's (triples disabled) 1 | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Women's (singles blind) 1 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Men's (singles, pair), Women's (singles, pair) 4820px|alt=|link= Netball | |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● | |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |1120px|alt=|link= Rugby sevens | | | | | | | | |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |1120px|alt=|link= Shooting | | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |5 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |6 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |5 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |6 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |3 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |6 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |4 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |5 |4020px|alt=|link= Squash | |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |2 |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |3520px|alt=|link= Swimming | | | | | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |5 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |5 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |9 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |5 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |11 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |74220px|alt=|link= Synchronised swimming | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |1 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |1 | | | | | | | |220px|alt=|link= Triathlon | | | | | | | | | | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Men, Women 2220px|alt=|link= Table tennis | |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |team 2 |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Doubles 2 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |Singles (M, W), Mixed, Women wheelchair singles 4820px|alt=|link= Weightlifting | | | | | |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |9 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |9 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |9 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |9 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |10 |4620px|alt=|link= Wrestling | | | | | | | | |style="background-color:#3399ff;" |● |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |4 |style="background-color:#ffcc00;" |37Daily medal events 2 6 16 22 26 36 40 33 21 48 31 281Cumulative total 2 8 24 46 72 108 148 181 202 250 281July/August 200225thThu26thFri27thSat28thSun29thMon30thTue31stWed1stThu2ndFri3rdSat4thSunTotal eventsJulyAugust Sports There were the maximum of 17 sports included in the schedule for the 2002 Commonwealth Games. Sport Venue Number of medal eventsAquaticsManchester Aquatics Centre50AthleticsCity of Manchester Stadium (Track and field, Marathon), Salford Quays (race walking)48BadmintonBolton Arena6BoxingWythenshawe Forum, Manchester Arena12CyclingManchester Velodrome (track events), Rivington (road races)17GymnasticsManchester Central Convention Complex15HockeyBelle Vue Complex2JudoManchester Central Convention Complex14Lawn bowlsHeaton Park6NetballManchester Arena1Rugby SevensCity of Manchester Stadium1ShootingBisley Shooting Centre40SquashNational Squash Centre5Table tennisTable Tennis Centre, Sportcity8TriathlonSalford Quays2WeightliftingManchester Central Convention Complex46WrestlingManchester Central Convention Complex7 After experimenting with it on a smaller scale at the 1994 Commonwealth Games and dropping it at the 1998 Games, disabled competitions were held in swimming, athletics, bowls, table tennis and weightlifting (powerlifting). The medals were added to the final tally for each nation. Highlights thumb|The City of Manchester Stadium during the Games Australian Ian Thorpe set a world record in the 400-metre freestyle swimming.https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/swimming/newsid_2166000/2166261.stm Thorpe's six of the best Anon 2 August 2002 BBC BBC Sport 6 October 2010 English swimmer Zoë Baker set a world record in the 50-metre breaststroke.https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/swimming/newsid_2164000/2164763.stm Baker charges to gold Anon 31 July 2002 BBC Sport BBC 6 October 2010 English track athlete Paula Radcliffe won her first major gold medal in the 5,000 metres,https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/athletics/newsid_2157000/2157700.stm Radcliffe roars to elusive gold Anon 28 July 2002 BBC Sport BBC 6 October 2010 to record a time of 14:31.42, over 20 seconds ahead of silver medallist Edith Masai of Kenya and 1 minute 21 seconds faster than the inaugural running of the event four years earlier. In the final of the 100 m for men (athletics), the two English favourites (Dwain Chambers & Mark Lewis-Francis) both pulled up with injuries. The race was won by Kim Collins of Saint Kitts and Nevis, winning the country's first Commonwealth title. Simon Whitfield of Canada, the 2000 Olympic champion and the 2008 Olympic silver medallist, won gold in the triathlon. On the last day of track competition, England won gold in both the men's 4×100 and 4×400 relays by tiny margins, recording the same time (38.62) as the Jamaican quartet in sprint relay and holding off a fast finishing Welsh team by 1/100 of a second in the longer race, with a winning time of 3:00.40. The women's 4×400 relay was won by Australia after the favoured Jamaican team dropped the baton. In winning the triple jump, England's Jonathan Edwards simultaneously held the World, Olympic, European and Commonwealth championships and the World record. He would lose the European title a week later in Munich. Another world record was set in the 4000-metre team pursuit at the track cycling by the Australian team. Scot Chris Hoy took the individual time trial and 19-year-old Nicole Cooke of Wales won the women's cycling road race. South African swimmer Natalie du Toit created history. As well as winning her events in the newly included disabled swimming event, the 18-year-old, missing the lower section of her left leg, made the final of the 800-metre able-bodied freestyle event in one of a small number of disabled sporting events integrated into the games. In gymnastics, England's Beth Tweddle and Kanukai Jackson took gold in the asymmetric bars and all around events respectively. Herodotos Giorgallas also won the first gymnastics gold ever for Cyprus when tying with Scotland's Steve Frew. The host broadcaster of the games was the BBC, and the International Broadcast Centre was located at the Manchester College of Arts and Technology. Medal table ENG flagCGF 2002 CGA 82 62 63 54 51 60 yes 31 41 44 30 22 17 11 13 21 9 20 17 9 1 2 7 9 18 6 13 12 6 8 16 5 3 11 4 8 4 4 6 7 4 2 7 4 0 4 2 5 8 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 3 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 4 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 Legacy host city and nation In terms of infrastructure, the Games were the catalyst for the widespread redevelopment of the east of the city, an area which had remained derelict since the departure of heavy industry some decades before. The 2002 Commonwealth Games set a new benchmark for hosting the Commonwealth Games and for cities wishing to bid for them with a heavy emphasis on legacy.What the London Olympics could learn from the Manchester Games https://www.theguardian.com/society/2012/jul/24/london-olympics-learn-manchester-games The Guardian 24 July 2002 2014-07-27Glasgow 2014: What will the legacy of the Commonwealth Games legacy be? https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-26765231 BBC News 27 March 2014 2014-07-27 The venue and financial policy of the 2002 Commonwealth Games has influenced future sporting events, including the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, the 2012 Summer Olympics in London and 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. In comparison to other sporting events, the 2002 games were marked by financial discipline. The cost of the 2010 Commonwealth Games were estimated at $4.1 billion,Commonwealth Games 2010 costs ballooned to over $4bn Magnay Jacquelin https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/commonwealthgames/8683996/Commonwealth-Games-2010-costs-ballooned-to-over-4bn.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/commonwealthgames/8683996/Commonwealth-Games-2010-costs-ballooned-to-over-4bn.html 12 January 2022 subscription live The Telegraph 5 August 2011 25 July 2012 the London 2012 Summer Olympics are estimated to cost £9 billion, while the 2014 Commonwealth Games could cost as much as £500 million.Alex Salmond told to explain £80 million Commonwealth Games budget 'black hole' Johnson Simon https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/scotland/6574904/Alex-Salmond-told-to-explain-80-million-Commonwealth-Games-budget-black-hole.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/scotland/6574904/Alex-Salmond-told-to-explain-80-million-Commonwealth-Games-budget-black-hole.html 12 January 2022 subscription live The Telegraph 15 November 2009 25 July 2012 Sporting legacy included the City of Manchester Stadium, which was turned over to Manchester City Football Club, to replace the ageing Maine Road. It is possible that this provided an incentive which led to the eventual 2008 take over by the Abu Dhabi United group led by Sheikh Mansour.August 2021 Consequently, they have seen a considerable upturn in their success, with a series of transfers which has increased the profile of Manchester further, as Manchester City have become title challengers. Indeed, journalistsAugust 2021 have stated Mansour would not have bought the city had the club not had the 50,000 stadium. The Manchester Velodrome was built in 1994 in preparation for an Olympic bid, but subsequently hosted the 2002 Commonwealth Games. Since opening in 1994, it has been cited as a catalyst for Britain's successes in track cycling since 2002.How did Britain get so good at cycling? As well as bringing in the finest equipment and the best coaches available, British Cycling based everything on one oval track in Manchester, built for the 2002 Commonwealth Games. Andrews Guy https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2008/apr/01/cycling.features The Guardian 1 April 2008 13 July 2012British pedal power or Queally over-rated? https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/olympics2000/sports_talk/930224.stm BBC News 20 September 2000 13 July 2012 At the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, the Great British cycling claimed 8 of the 18 gold medals on offer, including 14 of the 54 medals available altogether. This unprecedented achievement was partly attributedAugust 2021 to the availability of a velodrome. Local communities benefited from facilities built for the game such as the Manchester Aquatics Centre, the Northern Regional Tennis Centre and the National Squash Centre. There were comprehensive upgrades of Belle Vue and Moss Side leisure centres to serve their local communities.https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-18983577 Commonwealth venues' legacies 2012-07-26 2020-01-11 en-GB Olympic president Jacques Rogge said the Games had gone a long way to restoring Britain's credibility in terms of hosting big sporting events.Rogge rules out joint Olympic bid BBC Sport 3 August 2002 https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/commonwealthgames2002/hi/features/newsid_2170000/2170208.stm http 1 May 2008 It has since been said that the success of the games was a major factor in reassuring the UK's sporting authorities and the government that the country could successfully stage major successful international sporting events and that, without them, London's successful bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics would not have come about.London 2012 Olympics politics.co.uk 24 April 2008 http://www.politics.co.uk/reference/issue-briefs/domestic-policy/sport/london-2012-olympics/london-2012-olympics-$366671.htm http 2 May 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20080423180155/http://www.politics.co.uk/reference/issue-briefs/domestic-policy/sport/london-2012-olympics/london-2012-olympics-%24366671.htm 23 April 2008 live England's Northwest set to reap rewards of 2012 Liverpool is European capital of culture North west Development Agency 13 January 2006 http://www.nwda.co.uk/news--events/press-releases/200601/england%E2%80%99s-northwest-set-to-rea.aspx http 2 May 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20090226103612/http://www.nwda.co.uk/news--events/press-releases/200601/england%E2%80%99s-northwest-set-to-rea.aspx 26 February 2009 dead Public houses and restaurants in Manchester reported a threefold increase in takings during the Games, and local tourism board Marketing Manchester estimate some more visitors will come to the city each year as a result of its increased profile. It is estimated that by 2008 £600m has been invested in the region as a result of the Games and that about 20,000 jobs had been created.London 2012– what's in it for us? Inside Out North West BBC 4 February 2008 https://www.bbc.co.uk/insideout/content/articles/2008/04/02/north_west_olympics_s13_w6_feature.shtml http 2 May 2008 Marketing Logo thumb|Manchester 2002 bid logo The 2002 Commonwealth Games' logo is an image of three figures standing on a podium with their arms uplifted in the jubilation of winning or in celebration, which represents the three core themes of the Games: sport, culture and friendship and the types of medalist in the games: gold, silver and bronze. The figures are captured in three colours which are red, blue and green. The red represents performance, passion and success; the blue symbolises intelligence, confidence and reliability, while the green represents loyalty, balance and generosity. The yellow background behind the figures represents the competitive, powerful and cheerful elements of the Games, while the black games' name letters representing solidarity and strength. The figures in the logo joining hands to resemble the letter 'M', which is the initial for the host city, Manchester and also a crown of the queen to represent the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II's reign as the monarch of The United Kingdom. The logo overall represents a celebration of sharing and friendship and the pride of participating in the Games, cheerful atmosphere, sportsmanship and confidence of Manchester as the games host city.https://www.commonwealthgames2002.org.uk/Home/logo/index.html 2002 Games logo The bid logo consisted of the number "22" and the letter "M" making up a smiley face. Mascot The official mascot of the 2002 Commonwealth Games was a cat named Kit. The purpose of adopting the cat as the games' mascot was to represent the young, vibrant, friendly, dynamic personality of Manchester as the games' host city.http://m2002.thecgf.com/The_Games/Mascot/default.asp Meet the Games mascot m2002.thecgf.com Sponsors Sponsors of the 2002 Commonwealth Gameshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/2002/who/sponsors.shtml Manchester 2002 Commonwealth Games Official Sponsors BBC Sport 25 July 2012https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/2002/who/partners.shtml Manchester 2002 Commonwealth Games Official Partners BBC News 25 July 2012http://m2002.thecgf.com/Home/Links/Sponsors/ Sponsors m2002.thecgf.com 2026-03-31 https://web.archive.org/web/20070215010400/http://m2002.thecgf.com/Home/Links/Sponsors/ 2007-02-15 Sponsors 15em Adecco Asda Bupa Cadbury Guardian Media Group Manchester Airport MicrosoftMicrosoft to sponsor 2002 Commonwealth Games Day Julia https://www.theguardian.com/media/2001/apr/02/marketingandpr2 The Guardian 2 April 2001 25 July 2012 PZ Cussons (Imperial Leather) Rover Partners 15em Addleshaw Booth & Co Boddingtons Brewery Bruntwood Claremont FirstGroup Guilbert Trafford Centre United Utilities Virgin Rail Group Xerox Governmental and Media 15em BBC Manchester Manchester City Council Manchester Evening News See also Commonwealth Games celebrated in England 1934 Commonwealth Games – London 2022 Commonwealth Games – Birmingham References 30em External links Official sites "Manchester 2002". Commonwealthsport.com. Commonwealth Sport. "Results and Medalists—2002 Commonwealth Games" https://web.archive.org/web/20211028090212/https://thecgf.com/results/games/3028 28 October 2021 . Thecgf.com. Commonwealth Games Federation. "Official Website" https://web.archive.org/web/20100823121259/http://m2002.thecgf.com/home/ 23 August 2010 . M2002.thecgf.com. Manchester 2002. An Evaluation of the Commonwealth Games Legacy Programme. Manchester.gov.uk. Manchester City Council. Other sites Manchester 2002 at BBC Online Manchester 2002 at BBC Sport The Empire Strikes Back – 2002 Australian radio programme (with transcript) on the history and future of the "friendly games". Trans-urban networks of learning, mega-events and policy tourism: The case of Manchester's Commonwealth and Olympic Games projects https://web.archive.org/web/20140518103255/http://research.northumbria.ac.uk/urbanfutures/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Cook-and-Ward-2011-Transurban-networks-of-learning-Manchester-Urban-Studies.pdf 18 May 2014 An account of how Manchester officials learnt from other host cities in order to bid for and host for the Games. Kuala Lumpur Commonwealth GamesManchesterXVII Commonwealth Games Melbourne Sports England Manchester C Category:Commonwealth Games in the United Kingdom Category:International sports competitions in Manchester Category:July 2002 sports events in the United Kingdom Category:August 2002 sports events in the United Kingdom Category:2002 in sport in Manchester