1960 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

none 1960 North Indian Ocean cyclone season summary map.png NIO 1960 May 10, 1960 December 3, 1960 Ten 80 967 3 15 8 5 2 20,341 total At least 9.24 1940s, 1950s, 1960, 1961, 1962 1960 Atlantic hurricane season 1960 Pacific hurricane season 1960 Pacific typhoon season The 1960 North Indian Ocean cyclone season featured two deadly tropical cyclones that collectively killed approximately 20,000 people collectively in East Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh). The Indian subcontinent divides the North Indian Ocean into two areas: the Bay of Bengal to the east and the Arabian Sea to the west. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre for this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories. On average, five storms form in the North Indian Ocean every season with dual peaks in activity during May and November.Frequently Asked Questions: What is the annual frequency of Cyclones over the Indian Seas? What is its intra-annual variation? India Meteorological Department July 18, 2013 http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/dynamic/faq/FAQP.htm#q18 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150521044203/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/dynamic/faq/FAQP.htm May 21, 2015 Cyclones that occurred between 45°E and 100°E were included in seasonal records by the IMD.India Meteorological Department January 2009 May 9, 2013 Report on Cyclonic Disturbances Over the North Indian During 2008 http://www.imd.ernet.in/section/nhac/dynamic/rsmc.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20090529004113/http://www.imd.ernet.in/services/cyclone/tropical-cyclone.htm May 29, 2009 Fifteen depressions developed during the 1960 season, with five becoming cyclonic storms. The majority of the activity took place in the Bay of Bengal, where eleven systems formed; however, the season's first storm formed over the Arabian Sea on May 10. The storm produced hurricane-force winds and attained a barometric air pressure of 974 mbar (hPa; 974 mbar inHg on 4 out). The deadliest and most intense cyclone of the season was Severe Cyclonic Storm Ten, which killed 14,174 in East Pakistan in early November. With peak winds estimated at 150 km/h mph on 5 and a pressure of 966.7 mbar (hPa; 966.7 mbar inHg on 4 out), it struck just three weeks after the previous system devastated the same area. The storm produced a 6.1 m ft on storm tide that swept 16 km (10 mi) inland, submerging several small islands. The two storms left a combined 200,000–300,000 people homeless. These systems marked the start of an unusually active period of cyclones impacting East Pakistan, culminating ten years later with the 1970 Bhola cyclone, which killed between 300,000 and 500,000 people. During the 1960 season, several depressions impacted India with heavy rainfall. Collectively, these systems killed 167 people. __TOC__ right Systems Very Severe Cyclonic Storm One NIO Severe Cyclonic Storm One analysis 16 May 1960.png 02-A 1960 track.png May 10 May 19 65 974 On May 10, an area of low pressure was identified over the Arabian Sea roughly 400 km (250 mi) to the northwest of the Maldives. Moving northwestward, it gradually became more concentrated,International Best Track Archive 2013 May 9, 2013 1960 02A (1960132N09070) 1960132N09070 becoming a depression by the evening of May 12.India Meteorological Department 1960 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Severe cyclonic storm in the Arabian Sea https://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf India Weather Review National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1–4 May 9, 2013 March 1, 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170301175136/https://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf bot: unknown After turning more toward the west, the system continued to slowly deepen. On May 14, the S.S. Kampala sailed into the system, encountering 55 km/h mph on 5 winds and rough seas. Over the following two days, the depression intensified into a cyclonic storm, with gale-force winds extending 150 km (90 mi) from the center. During the overnight hours of May 16 through 17, the SS Mohammedi sailed almost directly into the center of the cyclone, reporting a barometric pressure of 974 mbar (hPa; 974 mbar inHg on on 4 out) and 9.1 m ft on 0 waves. Several other vessels, such as the S.S. Saudi and S.S. Exchequer, encountered the storm. Both ships reported hurricane-force winds, and the latter endured seas as high as 15.2 m ft on 0 early on May 18. Later that day, the storm weakened so rapidly the crew of the S.S. Exchequer were able to watch the pressure on their barometer actively rise. The storm continued westward, moving ashore Al Mahrah Governorate in eastern South Yemen as a severe cyclonic storm on May 18, before dissipating. The next Yemeni landfall would not occur again until 2015 with Cyclone Chapala.India Meteorological Department Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm, Chapala over the Arabian Sea (28 October - 04 November 2015): A Report December 2015 27 January 2016 http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/pdf/publications/preliminary-report/chap.pdf As a developing cyclone, the system brought monsoon-like moisture to much of the Maldives, Ceylon (present-day Sri Lanka), and southern India between May 14 and 17. The heaviest rains fell on May 17, with 190 mm in on recorded at Cochin, India, that day. Deep Depression Two NIO Deep Depression Two analysis 27 May 1960.png 01-B 1960 track.png May 26 May 29 deepdepression 40 988 On May 25, an upper-level low-pressure system developed over the northern Bay of Bengal. The following day, a surface low formed in association with this feature. By May 27, the low further consolidated into a depression while situated 285 km (175 mi) south of Calcutta, India.India Meteorological Department 1960 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Deep depression in the Bay of Bengal https://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf India Weather Review National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 4–5 May 9, 2013 March 1, 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170301175136/https://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf bot: unknown Tracking northward,International Best Track Archive 2013 May 9, 2013 1960 01B (1960148N20089) 1960148N20089 it intensified into a deep depression before making landfall on the Sundarbans region of West Bengal—near the border of East Pakistan—early on May 28. Though it was classified a deep depression, stronger winds of up to 75 km/h mph on 5 were reported from Sagar Island. Based on measurements from nearby stations, it is estimated that the system attained a minimum pressure of 988 mb (hPa; 29.18 inHg) just as it moved ashore. Once inland, the system quickly weakened and accelerated northeastward. It later dissipated over Assam on May 30. The system produced torrential rains across eastern India and East Pakistan. In Cherrapunji, 540 mm in on of rain fell during a two-day span, while many other areas recorded over 100 mm in on. No rainfall data were available from West Bengal and Assam. Strong winds from the storm destroyed numerous homes in West Bengal, and at least seven people were killed.Associated Press Lewiston Morning Tribune May 30, 1960 May 9, 2013 Indian Gale Kills Seven 6 Calcutta, India https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=171eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=EDEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5032,4738647&dq=bengal&hl=en Deep Depression Three NIO Deep Depression Three analysis 2 July 1960.png 03-B 1960 track.png June 29 July 4 deepdepression On June 29, a trough, associated with an upper-level low, extended over the northwestern Bay of Bengal. Following a drop in sea-level pressure over the next day, a depression formed in this area.India Weather Review India Meteorological Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1960 May 9, 2013 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Depression in the Bay of Bengal http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf 5 Moving slowly westward,International Best Track Archive 2013 May 9, 2013 1960 03B (1960182N20089) 1960182N20089 the storm intensified into a deep depression early on July 2. Shortly thereafter, the system made landfall near Angul, India, and accelerated toward the northwest. The system later dissipated on July 4 over Madhya Pradesh after being absorbed back into the trough that it developed from. Widespread heavy rains accompanied the depression along portions of the coast from Orissa to West Bengal and as far inland as Madhya. Sagar Island recorded at least 360 mm in on of rain over the span of two days, while Vishakhapatnam received 300 mm in on in just one. As much as 100 mm in on of precipitation fell across Madhya Pradesh. Depression Four NIO Depression Four analysis 3 July 1960.png 04-A 1960 track.png July 2 July 5 niodepression 40 991 On June 26, a slow-moving trough developed over Gujarat. By July 2, the system developed into a shallow land depression while situated 80 km mi on north of Veraval. Winds in the area were measured up to 45 km/h mph on 5; however, as the system moved offshore, winds quickly increased to 65 km/h mph on 5. Low pressures were recorded across the area, with a minimum of 990.8 mbar (hPa; 990.8 mbar inHg on 4 out) measured in Dwarka. Becoming nearly stationary off the coast of Gujarat, the depression began to interact with an approaching monsoon. This interaction caused winds to increase, with two vessels reporting 75 km/h mph on 5 winds during the late morning hours of July 4. Later that day, the system began moving to the northwest and quickly weakened. It was last noted the following day as a dissipating low over the northeastern Arabian Sea.India Weather Review India Meteorological Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1960 May 9, 2013 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Depression in the Arabian Sea http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf 5–6 Between July 2 and 4, heavy rains amounting to more than 300 mm in on fell across much of the Saurashtra region of Gujarat. These rains triggered severe flooding that killed at least 35 people and left 6,000 others homeless. At least 500 homes were destroyed in the region.Associated Press The Morning Herald July 5, 1960 2 30 Die In Floods Bombay, India Newspapers.com Depression Five NIO Depression Five analysis 8 August 1960.png 05-B 1960 track.png August 8 August 10 niodepression 15 996 On August 6, a westward moving area of low pressure was identified over Burma. Initially an upper-level system, it gradually propagated to the surface, becoming a depression on August 9. Tracking west-northwestward, the system crossed the Indian coastline later that day near Balasore, where a pressure of 996.1 mbar (hPa; 996.1 mbar inHg on 4 out) was measured. Sustained winds reached just 30 km/h mph on 5. Once onshore, the depression degenerated into a remnant low on August 10. The remnants continued northwestward, ultimately merging with a trough over Uttar Pradesh on August 12.India Meteorological Department 1960 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Depression in the Bay of Bengal https://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf India Weather Review National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 6–7 May 9, 2013 March 1, 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170301175136/https://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf bot: unknown The depression dropped heavy rains over parts of India between August 8 and August 14. The highest totals were recorded on August 14 when 240 mm in on of rain fell in Jhansi. Significant flooding took place along the Ganges River as a result of the rains. Forty villages along the river near Fatehgarh were inundated. Deep Depression Six NIO Depression Six analysis 14 August 1960.png 07-B 1960 track.png August 12 August 20 deepdepression 25 As the previous depression dissipated over India, a new circulation developed over the Bay of Bengal on August 12. This system quickly became a depression.India Meteorological Department 1960 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Deep depression in the Bay of Bengal https://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf India Weather Review National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 7–8 May 9, 2013 March 1, 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170301175136/https://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf bot: unknown Moving slowly northwestward,International Best Track Archive May 9, 2013 1960 07B (1960226N19090) 1960226N19090 it became a deep depression on August 14 before making landfall in the Sundarbans region. Winds up to 45 km/h mph on 5 were reported in Sandheads. Once onshore, it turned westward and slowed while maintaining its intensity. The system finally weakened on August 18 as it resumed moving northwestward again, and two days later it dissipated over southeastern Rajasthan. Large portions of India were affected by rains from the depression, with Orissa and Madhya receiving the heaviest rains. According to Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, up to 40 in mm on flip of rain fell across portions of Orissa. The tremendous precipitation triggered disastrous floods that killed at least 65 people. Continued rains over the next two weeks exacerbated the situation and by August 30, an estimated 2.5 million people were homeless.United Press International Wisconsin State Journal August 30, 1960 2,500,000 Homeless in India Floods Calcutta, India 5 Newspapers.com Most affected were areas around the Mahanadi River and its tributaries where flood waters reached 12 ft m on flip in depth. At least 85 villages were reportedly destroyed. Orissa government officials described the disaster as "the worst in living memory."New York Times Service The Salt Lake Tribune August 26, 1960 Flood Disaster Hits India Area New Delhi, India 6 Newspapers.com Rail lines and roads were severely damaged across the state, hampering initial relief efforts. A total of 1.87 million acres of crops were flooded and overall damage amounted to 111700000 Indian Rupee.Department of Water Resources Government of Orissa 2009 April 23, 2015 List of Past Flood and Area Damaged by Flood in Orissa http://www.dowrorissa.gov.in/HistoryofFLOOD/HistoryofFLOOD.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20150225020947/http://dowrorissa.gov.in/HistoryofFLOOD/HistoryofFLOOD.pdf February 25, 2015 dead Depression Seven NIO Depression Seven analysis 24 August 1960.png 06-B 1960 track.png August 24 August 28 niodepression On August 20, a wave of low pressure formed over Burma. Moving westwards, this upper-level system triggered the development of a surface low two days later over the Bay of Bengal. Turning northwestward, the low consolidated into a depression by August 24 before making landfall in the Sundarbans region later that day. Once onshore, the depression degenerated into a remnant low; the remnants persisted until August 28 when they were absorbed into a trough over Rajasthan Pradesh.India Meteorological Department 1960 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Depression in the Bay of Bengal https://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf India Weather Review National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 8 May 9, 2013 March 1, 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170301175136/https://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf bot: unknown Heavy rains affected much of Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh. The highest daily precipitation total was measured in Ghatsila at 190 mm in on. These rains triggered severe flooding along the Beas, Ganges, Jamuna, and Sutlej rivers. Large areas of Uttar Pradesh were left submerged, and significant crop and property damage took place in Punjab. At least 55 people were killed in Punjab alone, and losses overall amounted to $9.24 million (1960 USD).New York Times September 4, 1960 Punjab Flood Toll 55; Loss From High Water Is Put at $9,240,000 Deep Depression Eight NIO Deep Depression Eight analysis 24 September 1960.png 08-B 1960 track.png September 24 September 28 30 On September 22, an area of low pressure was identified over the Andaman Sea. Tracking northwestward, the system consolidated into a depression two days later over the Bay of Bengal. During the evening of September 24, it further strengthened to a deep depression, with winds of 55 km/h mph on 5. Early the next day it made landfall in Orissa between Balasore and Chandabali.India Weather Review India Meteorological Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1960 May 9, 2013 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Deep depression in the Bay of Bengal http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf 9–10 Once onshore, the system slowed and turned northeastward.International Best Track Archive 2013 May 9, 2013 1960 08B (1960270N21087) 1960270N21087 It later dissipated over Nepal on September 28 as it interacted with the Himalayas. Heavy rains accompanying the depression affected much of Bihar, Orissa, and West Bengal. Many areas recorded more than 200 mm in on during a four-day span; the highest single-day total was 270 mm in on in Bahadurganj. Severe Cyclonic Storm Nine NIO Severe Cyclonic Storm Nine analysis 10 October 1960.png 10-B 1960 track.png October 5 (Entered basin) October 12 60 85 986 In late September, a tropical storm developed over the South China Sea. Striking South Vietnam, the storm slowly moved over Indochina, ultimately crossing 100°E and entering the basin on October 5 while over Thailand. After crossing southern Burma,International Best Track Archive 2013 May 9, 2013 1960 10B (1960273N13117) 1960273N13117 the low moved northwestward over the Bay of Bengal and reorganized. Following a report of 45 km/h mph on 5 winds from the S.S. Glenpark on October 8, the system was classified as a depression.India Weather Review India Meteorological Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1960 May 9, 2013 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Severe cyclonic storm in the Bay of Bengal http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf 10–11 Moving slowly northwestwards, the system further deepened into a cyclonic storm on October 9. Several ships in the path of the storm recorded gale-force winds, depicting its strengthening. Early on October 10, it became a severe cyclonic storm and soon reached its peak intensity with winds of 110 km/h mph on 5. Its central pressure at this time was estimated to be 986 mbar (hPa; 986 mbar inHg on 4 out). The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) estimated that the storm attained one-minute sustained winds of 155 km/h mph on 5. Turning northeastward, the system made landfall between Barisal and Noakhali in East Pakistan, with the eye passing directly over the islands of Bhola, Hatia, and Ramgati. Once onshore, the system quickly weakened and ultimately dissipated over Assam early on October 12. Across coastal areas of East Pakistan, the storm wrought catastrophic damage. A 5.8 m ft on tidal surge washed over the islands of Hatia, Sandwip, Kutubdia. Communications across the region were crippled, and it took six days for word of the scale of damage to reach officials. Entire villages were reportedly wiped out by the storm.Associated Press St. Petersburg Times October 17, 1960 May 9, 2013 Tidal Wave Kills 3,000 In Pakistan 1 Dacca, East Pakistan https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=tz5SAAAAIBAJ&sjid=HHkDAAAAIBAJ&dq=bengal&pg=3665%2C3502118 Approximately 35,000 homes were destroyed, most of which were thatched huts made of bamboo and mud. About 300 schools were also damaged.The Age October 18, 1960 May 9, 2013 Pakistan Troops Aid Rescue Teams Dacca, East Pakistan 4 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6q4UAAAAIBAJ&sjid=e7oDAAAAIBAJ&dq=pakistan&pg=5665%2C3128446 The worst damage took place on Ramgati Island where 3,500 people were killed.The Glasgow-Herald October 18, 1960 May 9, 2013 Relief Work In Pakistan: Cyclone Aftermath 1 Dacca, East Pakistan https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=AHdAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=b6MMAAAAIBAJ&dq=pakistan&pg=5896%2C7138164 Roughly 95 percent of the island's structure were destroyed, forcing residents to cling to trees for survival. Only two police officers survived and were able to inform government officials of the disaster.Associated Press The Sunday News Press October 22, 1960 May 9, 2013 Pakistan Storm Toll on Island Rises to 3,500 Dacca, East Pakistan 5 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=yypUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=IjoNAAAAIBAJ&dq=pakistan&pg=2243%2C3614997 An estimated 6,000 people perished while another 100,000 were left homeless. Heavy rain accompanied the storm, with Cox's Bazar reporting 180 mm in on. Relief efforts in the wake of the storm were hampered by the nation's poor infrastructure and debris left behind.Associated Press The Milwaukee Journal October 17, 1960 May 9, 2013 3,000 East Pakistanis Are Killed by Storm Dacca, East Pakistan 1 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Ot8jAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_iUEAAAAIBAJ&dq=bengal&pg=1952%2C4626892 On October 18, members of the East Pakistani military were deployed to the hardest hit areas to provide stable communication and clean drinking water. Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Ten NIO Severe Cyclonic Storm Ten analysis 31 October 1960.png 09-B 1960 track.png October 27 November 1 80 105 967 On October 26, a trough formed over the south Andaman Sea and extended into the southern Bay of Bengal. By October 28, the system consolidated into a depression as it moved northwestward. Steadily intensifying, several ships encountered the storms increasing winds as it moved northward in the Bay. On October 30, it attained gale-force winds and further became a severe cyclonic storm early the next morning. During the evening of October 31, the IST Barisal recorded winds of 130 km/h mph on 5, indicating that the system had acquired a core of hurricane-force winds. The maximum winds of this system is unknown, though reports indicated that winds peaked between 150 and 215 km/h (90 and 135 mph). NOAA estimated that the storm peaked with one-minute sustained winds of 195 km/h mph on 5 and a pressure of 966.7 mbar (hPa; 966.7 mbar inHg on 4 out).Monthly Weather Review Gordon E. Dunn, United States Weather Bureau National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 3 90 March 1962 May 10, 2013 The Tropical Cyclone Problem In East Pakistan http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/mwr/090/mwr-090-03-0083.pdf 10.1175/1520-0493(1962)090<0083:TTCPIE>2.0.CO;2 83–86 1962MWRv...90...83D free The storm soon made landfall with great intensity near Noakhali, East Pakistan, just three weeks after the previous storm devastated the country.India Weather Review India Meteorological Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1960 May 9, 2013 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Severe cyclonic storm in the Bay of Bengal http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf 11–13 Once onshore, cold, dry air quickly wrapped around the backside of the cyclone. Within four hours of landfall, little rainfall was reported near the storm's eye. The cyclone rapidly weakened and dissipated the following day over the Lushai Hills. Striking East Pakistan as a powerful storm, the system produced a storm tide of 6.1 m ft on that moved 16 km (10 mi) inland, devastating many communities. A storm surge of 6.7 m ft on was measured in Halishahar. In addition to the surge, there was a series of tidal waves that followed the storm, causing additional damage. Offshore, these waves were estimated at 12.2 m ft on; though they significantly decreased before impacting land. Chittagong and surrounding communities were regarded as the hardest hit, with most being submerged in 3 m ft on 0 of water. The city's port was largely destroyed, with almost every vessel washed ashore. Some were found 16 km (10 mi) away and one even at another port. The storm's intense winds, estimated as high as 240 km/h mph on 5 on Sandwip Island, leveled buildings and scattered debris over large distances. Crops were flattened by the storm and in some instances had been "burnt" by the sheer force of the wind. A total of 14,174 people perished in the storm while another 200,000 were left homeless.Reuters The Sydney Morning Herald May 10, 1961 May 10, 2013 Ships Sink In Cyclone Karachi, India 1 https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=5XxWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=HeYDAAAAIBAJ&dq=cyclone&pg=2196%2C1993784 Following the mass casualties from the two storms, the Government of Pakistan requested the assistance of former National Hurricane Center director, Gordon E. Dunn, to improve the warning system.Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society American Meteorological Society Neil L. Frank S. A. Husain National Hurricane Center, Pakistan Meteorological Department The Deadliest Tropical Cyclone in History? June 1971 438–444 52 6 10.1175/1520-0477(1971)052<0438:TDTCIH>2.0.CO;2 1971BAMS...52..438F free Depression Eleven NIO Depression Eleven analysis 7 November 1960.png 14-A 1960 track.png November 7 November 10 25 On November 5, an area of low pressure was identified over Lakshadweep.India Weather Review India Meteorological Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1960 May 9, 2013 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Depression in the Arabian Sea http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf 13–14 Tracking generally northwestward,International Best Track Archive 2013 May 9, 2013 1960 14A (1960312N11069) 1960312N11069 it gradually organized into a depression by November 7. No further development took place over the following days and the system eventually degraded into a remnant low on November 10. Though the storm itself did not impact land, associated moisture combined with a low over the Bay of Bengal to produce heavy rains across Madras State and nearby islands from November 5 to 10. Shallow Depression Twelve NIO Shallow Depression Twelve analysis 10 November 1960.png 11-B 1960 track.png November 10 November 12 niodepression On November 7, an area of low pressure over the Bay of Bengal formed and gradually moved towards India. By November 9, it was located just of the Coromandel Coast. The following day, it deepened into a depression while situated off the northern edge of Ceylon. Becoming nearly stationary, the system failed to develop and soon weakened into a remnant low. The low dissipated early on November 12. Heavy rains fell across much of Madras State in association with the system; a 24‑hour total of 240 mm in on was reported in Nagapattinam. These rains triggered significant flooding that disrupted travel and communications. Severe damage took place in Madurai where 10,000 people were left homeless. Overall, five people were killed and 150,000 were left homeless.India Weather Review India Meteorological Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1960 May 9, 2013 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Depression in the Arabian Sea http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf 13 Cyclonic Storm Thirteen NIO Cyclonic Storm Thirteen analysis 20 November 1960.png 15-A 1960 track.png November 17 November 23 40 994 On November 14, an area of low pressure formed to the west of Lakshadweep. Tracking generally westward, it eventually developed into a depression three days later. Gradual intensification took place over the following two days, with the system becoming a cyclonic storm on November 19. On November 20, the system attained its peak intensity with winds of 75 km/h mph on 5 and a minimum pressure of 994 mbar (hPa; 994 mbar inHg on 4 out). Continuing westward, the cyclone entered the Gulf of Aden on November 22 before becoming nearly stationary. During this time, it weakened to a depression before dissipating the following day.India Weather Review India Meteorological Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1960 May 9, 2013 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Cyclonic storm in the Arabian Sea http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf 14–15 Cyclonic Storm Fourteen NIO Cyclonic Storm Fourteen analysis 19 November 1960.png 13-B 1960 track.png November 18 November 21 cyclstorm 996 A well-defined area of low pressure was identified over the southwestern Bay of Bengal on November 17. The following day, the system developed into a depression as it moved slowly northwestward. On November 20, as it neared the coast of Tamil Nadu, it intensified into a cyclonic storm, with gusts estimated as high as 135 km/h mph on. Shortly thereafter, it made landfall near Chennai. In nearby Tambaram, a pressure of 995.7 mbar (hPa; 995.7 mbar inHg on 4 out) was recorded, the lowest in relation to the cyclone. A small storm, it quickly weakened once onshore and was last noted early on November 21 as a dissipating low.India Weather Review India Meteorological Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1960 May 9, 2013 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Cyclonic storm in the Bay of Bengal http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf 14 Heavy rains impacted most of southern Madras State, with a maximum daily total of 110 mm in on in Punalur. The most significant damage took place in Madras City where gale-force winds uprooted trees and disrupted transport and communications. Many poorly constructed homes were damaged or destroyed by the storm, leaving numerous low-income families homeless. Depression Fifteen NIO Depression Fifteen analysis 1 December 1960.png 12-B 1960 track.png November 26 December 3 30 niodepression On November 24, the SS Rajula sailed under a well-defined trough over the southwest Bay of Bengal and reported 55 km/h mph on 5 winds. Two days later, a tropical wave interacted with the system and resulted in the development of a depression. Over the following several days, the system drifted northwestward without change in intensity. By December 3, it degenerated into a remnant low, ultimately tracking over southern India, near Circars, on December 4 before dissipating. The system brought locally heavy rains to parts of the Andaman Islands and Andhra Pradesh.India Weather Review India Meteorological Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1960 May 9, 2013 Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Depression in the Bay of Bengal http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd024_pdf/005ED26A.pdf 15–17 Season effects This is a table of all storms in the 1960 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. It mentions all of the season's storms and their names, durations, peak intensities (according to the IMD storm scale), areas affected, damages, and death totals. Damage and death totals include the damage and deaths caused when that storm was a precursor wave or extratropical low, and all of the damage figures are in 1960 USD. |- | One || 01 May 10–19 || bgcolor=#VSCS|5 Very severe cyclonic storm || bgcolor=#VSCS|120 120 km/h mph on 5 || bgcolor=#VSCS|0974 974 hPa inHg 4 on || Maldives, Ceylon, South India ||align=right| 0 Minimal ||align=right| 0 || |- | Two || 02 May 26–29 || bgcolor=#DD|2 Deep depression || bgcolor=#DD|075 75 km/h mph on 5 || bgcolor=#DD|0988 988 hPa inHg 4 on || East India, Northeast India, East Pakistan ||align=right| 1 Unknown ||align=right| 7 || |- | Three || 03 June 29 – July 4 || bgcolor=#DD|2 Deep depression || bgcolor=#DD|0 N/A || bgcolor=#DD|0 N/A || East India, North India ||align=right| 1 Unknown ||align=right| 0 || |- | Four || 04 July 2–5 || bgcolor=#D|1 Depression || bgcolor=#D|075 75 km/h mph on 5 || bgcolor=#D|0991 991 hPa inHg 4 on || Gujarat ||align=right| 1 Unknown ||align=right| 35 || |- | Five || 05 August 8–10 || bgcolor=#D|1 Depression || bgcolor=#D|030 30 km/h mph on 5 || bgcolor=#D|0996 996 hPa inHg 4 on || East India, North India ||align=right| 1 Unknown ||align=right| 0 || |- | Six || 06 August 12–20 || bgcolor=#DD|2 Deep depression || bgcolor=#DD|045 45 km/h mph on 5 || bgcolor=#DD|0 N/A || East India, Northeast India, North India ||align=right| 2 Millions ||align=right| 65 || |- | Seven || 07 August 24–28 || bgcolor=#D|1 Depression || bgcolor=#D|0 N/A || bgcolor=#D|0 N/A || East India, Northeast India, North India ||align=right| 9240000 ||align=right| 55 >55 || |- | Eight || 08 September 24–28 || bgcolor=#DD|2 Deep depression || bgcolor=#DD|055 55 km/h mph on 5 || bgcolor=#DD|0 N/A || East India, Northeast India ||align=right| 0 Minimal ||align=right| 0 || |- | Nine || 09 October 5–12 || bgcolor=#SCS|4 Severe cyclonic storm || bgcolor=#SCS|110 110 km/h mph on 5 || bgcolor=#SCS|0986 986 hPa inHg 4 on || Thailand, Burma, East Pakistan, Northeast India ||align=right| 1 Unknown ||align=right| 6000 ~6,000 || |- | Ten || 10 October 27 – November 1 || bgcolor=#VSCS|5 Very severe cyclonic storm || bgcolor=#VSCS|150 150 km/h mph on 5 || bgcolor=#VSCS|0967 967 hPa inHg 4 on || East Pakistan, Northeast India, Burma ||align=right| 1 Unknown ||align=right| 14,174 || |- | Eleven || 11 November 7–10 || bgcolor=#D|1 Depression || bgcolor=#D|045 45 km/h mph on 5 || bgcolor=#D|0 N/A || Madras State ||align=right| 0 None ||align=right| 0 || |- | Twelve || 12 November 10–12 || bgcolor=#D|0 Shallow depression || bgcolor=#D|0 N/A || bgcolor=#D|0 N/A || Ceylon, Madras State ||align=right| 1 Unknown ||align=right| 5 || |- | Thirteen || 13 November 17–23 || bgcolor=#CS|3 Cyclonic storm || bgcolor=#CS|075 75 km/h mph on 5 || bgcolor=#CS|0994 994 hPa inHg 4 on || None ||align=right| 0 None ||align=right| 0 || |- | Fourteen || 14 November 18–21 || bgcolor=#CS|3 Cyclonic storm || bgcolor=#CS|1 N/A || bgcolor=#CS|0996 996 hPa inHg 4 on || South India ||align=right| 1 Unknown ||align=right| 0 || |- | Fifteen || 15 November 26 – December 3 || bgcolor=#D|1 Depression || bgcolor=#D|055 55 km/h mph on 5 || bgcolor=#D|0 N/A || Andaman Islands, Andhra Pradesh ||align=right| 0 None ||align=right| 0 || |- 15 systems May 10 – December 3 150 km/h mph on 5 967 hPa inHg 4 on >9240000 20,341 See also Tropical cyclones North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone List of tropical cyclone records 1960 Atlantic hurricane season 1960 Pacific hurricane season 1960 Pacific typhoon season Australian region cyclone seasons: 1959–60 1960–61 South Pacific cyclone seasons: 1959–60 1960–61 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 1959–60 1960–61 References 30em External links India Meteorological Department Joint Typhoon Warning Center https://web.archive.org/web/20150809201922/http://www.usno.navy.mil/JTWC/ 2015-08-09 1960 North Indian Ocean cyclone 1960 Category:Tropical cyclones in India Category:1960 in India Category:1960 in East Pakistan Category:Articles which contain graphical timelines Category:1960 disasters in India Category:1960 disasters in Pakistan